Scraped car fine disassembling method based on disassembling machine

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of scraped car disassembly, and discloses a scraped car fine disassembly method based on a disassembly machine, comprising the following steps: S1, a first group of operators classify, treat and recover waste liquid of a scraped car, specially treat dangerous parts and preliminarily disassemble recoverable parts; s2, disassembling the core parts of the scraped car according to a preset sequence by a second group of operators; s3, a third group of operators finely dismantle the remaining parts after rough dismantling according to a preset sequence; and S4, residual parts are cut, and specific parts of the large vehicle can be disassembled in a matched mode. By adopting a step-by-step operation mode of pretreatment, rough disassembly, fine disassembly and rear-end treatment, and matching with post-fixed and responsibility-fixed personnel configuration and clear operation connection logic, the technical effects of standardization of the disassembly process and remarkable improvement of the operation efficiency are achieved, and the defects of low disassembly efficiency and high difficulty in process control are overcome.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of end-of-life vehicle dismantling technology, specifically a method for the precise dismantling of end-of-life vehicles based on a dismantling machine. Background Technology

[0002] Vehicle dismantling is a crucial link in the green and circular development of the automotive industry. Its core purpose is to achieve material recycling and environmental risk management through the separation of vehicle parts, resource recovery, and harmless treatment. Currently, vehicle dismantling operations in the industry mainly cover basic processes such as wastewater treatment, component removal, sorting and recycling, and subsequent processing. These operations typically require the collaboration of dismantling equipment and personnel, serving as a vital bridge between vehicle scrapping and resource regeneration. This is of great significance for improving resource utilization and reducing environmental pollution.

[0003] However, existing end-of-life vehicle dismantling technologies generally suffer from unsystematic process design, with arbitrary connections between dismantling stages and no strict constraints on start-up conditions. At the same time, personnel allocation lacks standardized design with defined positions and responsibilities, and the division of duties among operators is vague, often resulting in repetitive operations or omissions. This disordered dismantling model not only leads to low dismantling efficiency but also increases the difficulty of process control, making it difficult to meet the needs of large-scale and refined dismantling operations. It has become an important factor restricting the high-quality development of the end-of-life vehicle dismantling industry. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a method for the precise dismantling of end-of-life vehicles based on a dismantling machine. This method solves the problems of disordered dismantling processes, chaotic connections between various stages, and ambiguous division of labor among personnel in existing technologies, which result in low dismantling efficiency and difficulty in process control.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for the precise dismantling of end-of-life vehicles based on a dismantling machine, comprising the following steps: S1, Pre-treatment: The first group of workers sorts and recycles the waste liquid from the scrapped vehicles, performs special treatment on hazardous parts, initially dismantles recyclable parts, and carries out auxiliary dismantling operations. S2, Preliminary Dismantling: The second group of workers dismantles the core components of the scrapped vehicle in a pre-set sequence, while simultaneously cleaning and initially sorting and stacking the components. S3, Fine Disassembly: The third group of workers will disassemble the remaining parts after the rough disassembly in a preset order, while simultaneously cleaning the circuits, disassembling the hardware and electronic components, and classifying and transferring them. S4, Backend Processing: Equipped with a dual-cylinder shearing dismantling machine, it packs and presses the remaining metal body shell after fine dismantling, cuts the remaining parts, and can also be used to dismantle specific parts of large vehicles.

[0006] By adopting the above technical solution, and through a step-by-step operation mode of pre-processing, rough disassembly, fine disassembly, and back-end processing, coupled with dedicated disassembly equipment and designated personnel working together, and by clarifying the core tasks and connection logic of each step, the disassembly process is standardized, the work efficiency is improved, and the disassembly accuracy is enhanced.

[0007] Preferably, in step S1, the first group of workers is completed by one worker, including the following work steps: Fuel, engine oil, coolant, and wastewater are sorted, treated, and recycled. Remove the battery; remove the liquefied gas tank from natural gas vehicles; and professionally detonate the airbags. Remove tires, catalytic converter, headlights, and any usable electronic components from the vehicle. Cut off the exposed rubber strips on the vehicle body and loosen the front axle bolts.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, and by assigning a single person to be responsible for the entire pretreatment process, clarifying the core operations such as waste liquid treatment and hazardous component removal, and simultaneously completing auxiliary dismantling operations, the pretreatment operation is concentrated and efficient, providing convenience for subsequent dismantling.

[0009] Preferably, in S1, the waste liquid is classified and recycled using four independent dedicated containers to collect fuel oil, engine oil, coolant, and wastewater respectively. The fuel oil is recycled after being filtered to remove impurities, the engine oil is recycled after being purified by distillation, the coolant is recycled after being treated with ion exchange resin, and the wastewater is recycled or discharged after being settled and filtered to meet the standards.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, different waste liquids are collected separately in independent containers, and corresponding treatment processes are used for the characteristics of each type of waste liquid, thus avoiding mixed pollution of waste liquids. Therefore, the waste liquid recycling rate is improved and the environmental emission requirements are met.

[0011] Preferably, in S1, the special handling of hazardous components includes: except for scrapped cars whose bodies are severely deformed and cannot be moved out of the dismantling workshop, which can be operated in the isolated explosion-proof area inside the workshop, the removal of batteries, removal of liquefied gas tanks and detonation of airbags of other scrapped cars are all carried out in a pre-set hardened ground safety area outside the workshop, and the distance between the safety area and the workshop is ≥50m.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solutions, dangerous components are handled in separate zones, and safe operating distances and isolation requirements are clearly defined, thus avoiding safety risks during the handling of dangerous components. Therefore, the effects of improved operational safety and prevention of safety accidents are achieved.

[0013] Preferably, in step S1, the criteria for initially removing recyclable components include: Tire tread depth ≥ 1.6mm, three-way catalytic converter undamaged and internal carrier intact, headlight cover uncracked and lamp beads can be lit, electronic components without burn marks, components that meet the above conditions should be stored separately in anti-static or anti-collision storage boxes. Loosen the front axle bolts using a torque wrench, setting the torque value to 30%-50% of the bolt's rated tightening torque. After loosening, apply anti-rust grease to the gap between the bolt and the connecting part.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, and by using clear criteria for judging recyclable parts and standardized storage methods, coupled with precise screw loosening operations and rust prevention treatment, the integrity rate of recyclable parts is improved and the smoothness of subsequent disassembly is enhanced.

[0015] Preferably, in step S2, the second group of workers consists of one excavator operator and two sorting workers, and the specific work steps include: The excavator operator operates the first dismantling machine; Disassemble in the following order: engine, chassis, seats, water tank, front and rear axles, four doors, front and rear hoods, and roof. The second group of workers removed the remaining plastic from the disassembled parts and removed the water tank fan and sunroof. The second group of workers picked up the disassembled parts and sorted and stacked them according to their material and type.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, and by using a collaborative configuration of one excavator operator and two sorting workers to disassemble the core components in a fixed order, the cleaning and preliminary classification of the components are completed simultaneously. Therefore, the preliminary disassembly operation is orderly and efficient, and the components are clearly classified.

[0017] Preferably, when the first disassembly machine disassembles the engine, the claw's point of force is selected at the reinforcing rib on the side of the engine block; When disassembling the front and rear axles, the claw should be positioned at the axle housing flange. When the second group of workers removed the remaining plastic parts, they used a pneumatic screwdriver and a plastic pry bar to first remove the fixing screws and then pry them apart from the engine plastic guard plate and the water tank plastic frame parts.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, and by using precise selection of the disassembly machine's point of force, along with appropriate tools and standardized disassembly procedures, damage to components can be avoided during disassembly. Therefore, the integrity of core components can be protected and plastic residues can be thoroughly cleaned.

[0019] Preferably, in S3, the third group of workers is configured as one excavator operator and three sorting workers, and the specific work process includes: The excavator operator operates the second dismantling machine, dismantling the vehicle in the order of center console, interior trim, rubber strips, and remaining metal body shell; The third group of workers cut off the remaining wiring and adhesive strips, and cleaned up any small parts that were missed in the corners of the car body. The third group of workers meticulously disassembled hardware and electronic components; The third group of workers, in coordination with the excavator operator, adjusted the position of the parts, passed tools, and transferred the delicate parts disassembled by the third group of workers to the corresponding storage area. They also worked together with the third group of workers to verify the number of parts.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, and through the refined collaborative configuration of one excavator operator and three sorting workers, the remaining parts are disassembled in sequence, and the line cleaning, fine disassembly and part transfer verification are completed simultaneously. Therefore, the effect of meticulous and comprehensive disassembly operation with no parts missing is achieved.

[0021] Preferably, the third group of small-scale precision disassembled hardware and electronic components specifically includes: When disassembling the center console, first separate the vehicle computer, air conditioning control panel, and audio head unit; When disassembling the car door, first remove the door lock assembly and then take out the window regulator motor; After disassembling electronic components, use a multimeter to test their continuity. Components that are functioning normally can be reused, while faulty components can be recycled.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the step-by-step disassembly process of hardware and electronic components, combined with power-on testing and classification marking, clearly defines the reuse and recycling attributes of components. Therefore, the resource utilization rate of electronic components is improved and the classification management is standardized.

[0023] Preferably, in step S4, the metal car body is packaged and compressed into blocks with dimensions of 1.0-1.2m in length, 0.6-0.8m in width, and 0.4-0.5m in height. The packaging pressure is set to 25-30MPa to ensure that the block density is not less than 1.8t / m³. 3 ; Remove the remaining steering gear inside the metal body shell, cut the aluminum parts on the chassis, and modify the furnace charge of the car chassis. When processing large scrapped vehicles, a dual-cylinder shearing machine is used in conjunction with hydraulic shears to dismantle the body panels and frame beams. The dismantled beams are then cut into segments with a length of 0.5-1m. Among them, the recyclable resources generated in S2, S3 and S4 are stored in categories of metals, plastics and electronic components.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, and by using clearly defined metal shell packaging parameters, combined with residual component cutting and large vehicle dismantling processes, recyclable resources are stored in a standardized manner according to category. This achieves the effects of convenient subsequent transportation and storage, and standardized resource classification and recycling. This invention provides a method for the precise dismantling of end-of-life vehicles based on a dismantling machine. It has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention adopts a step-by-step operation mode of pre-processing, rough dismantling, fine dismantling and back-end processing, coupled with a fixed-position and fixed-responsibility personnel configuration and a clear operation connection logic, which achieves the technical effect of standardizing the dismantling process and significantly improving the operation efficiency. Compared with the existing technology, the dismantling process is disordered, the connection between each link is chaotic and the division of labor of personnel is vague, which solves the shortcomings of low dismantling efficiency and high difficulty in process control.

[0025] 2. This invention adopts a waste liquid classification and collection and targeted treatment process, combined with clear screening standards and standardized storage methods for recyclable components, which achieves the technical effects of improving resource recycling rate and complying with environmental emission standards. Compared with the existing technology of mixed waste liquid treatment and random storage of recyclable components without unified screening standards, this invention solves the shortcomings of serious resource waste and easy environmental pollution.

[0026] 3. This invention adopts a special regional treatment mechanism for hazardous components, combined with precise selection of the dismantling machine's application point and standardized operation of appropriate tools, which achieves the technical effect of significantly improving operational safety and effectively protecting the integrity of core components and recyclable elements. Compared with the existing technology, which lacks safety isolation measures for hazardous component treatment and blind dismantling operations that lead to easy damage to components, this invention solves the shortcomings of high safety risks and high scrap rate of recyclable components. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for the precise dismantling of end-of-life vehicles based on a dismantling machine, according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example:

[0029] Please see the appendix Figure 1 This invention provides a method for the precise dismantling of end-of-life vehicles based on a dismantling machine, comprising the following steps: S1, Pre-treatment: The first group of workers sorts and recycles the waste liquid from the scrapped vehicle, performs special treatment on hazardous parts, initially dismantles recyclable parts, and carries out auxiliary dismantling operations. The first group of workers, consisting of one worker, performs the following tasks: Fuel, engine oil, coolant, and wastewater are sorted, treated, and recycled. Remove the battery; remove the liquefied gas tank from natural gas vehicles; and professionally detonate the airbags. Remove tires, catalytic converter, headlights, and any usable electronic components from the vehicle. Cut off the exposed rubber strips on the vehicle body and loosen the front axle bolts.

[0030] Waste liquid is classified and recycled using four independent dedicated containers to collect fuel oil, engine oil, coolant, and wastewater respectively. Fuel oil is recycled after being filtered to remove impurities, engine oil is recycled after being purified by distillation, coolant is recycled after being treated with ion exchange resin, and wastewater is recycled or discharged after being settled and filtered to meet standards.

[0031] Special handling of hazardous components includes: except for scrapped cars whose bodies are severely deformed and cannot be moved out of the dismantling workshop, which can be operated in the isolated explosion-proof area inside the workshop, the removal of batteries, removal of liquefied gas tanks and detonation of airbags of other scrapped cars are all carried out in a pre-designated hardened ground safety area outside the workshop, with the safety area ≥50m away from the workshop.

[0032] The criteria for determining the initial removal of recyclable components include: Tire tread depth ≥ 1.6mm, three-way catalytic converter undamaged and internal carrier intact, headlight cover uncracked and lamp beads can be lit, electronic components without burn marks, components that meet the above conditions should be stored separately in anti-static or anti-collision storage boxes. Loosen the front axle bolts using a torque wrench, setting the torque value to 30%-50% of the bolt's rated tightening torque. After loosening, apply anti-rust grease to the gap between the bolt and the connecting part. S2, Preliminary Dismantling: The second group of workers dismantles the core components of the scrapped vehicle in a pre-set sequence, while simultaneously cleaning and initially sorting and stacking the components. The second group of workers consisted of one excavator operator and two sorting workers. The specific work steps included: The excavator operator operates the first dismantling machine; Disassemble in the following order: engine, chassis, seats, water tank, front and rear axles, four doors, front and rear hoods, and roof. The second group of workers removed the remaining plastic from the disassembled parts and removed the water tank fan and sunroof. The second group of workers picked up the disassembled parts and sorted and stacked them according to their material and type.

[0033] When the first disassembly machine disassembles the engine, the claw tip is positioned at the reinforcing rib on the side of the engine block. When disassembling the front and rear axles, the claw should be positioned at the axle housing flange. When the second group of workers removed the remaining plastic parts, they used a pneumatic screwdriver and a plastic pry bar to first remove the fixing screws and then pry them apart from the engine plastic guard plate and the water tank plastic frame parts. S3, Fine Disassembly: The third group of workers will disassemble the remaining parts after the rough disassembly in a preset order, while simultaneously cleaning the circuits, disassembling the hardware and electronic components, and classifying and transferring them. S3, the third group of operators, consists of one excavator operator and three sorting workers. The specific work process includes: The excavator operator operates the second dismantling machine, dismantling the vehicle in the order of center console, interior trim, rubber strips, and remaining metal body shell; The third group of workers cut off the remaining wiring and adhesive strips, and cleaned up any small parts that were missed in the corners of the car body. The third group of workers meticulously disassembled hardware and electronic components; The third group of workers, in coordination with the excavator operator, adjusted the position of the parts, passed tools, and transferred the delicate parts disassembled by the third group of workers to the corresponding storage area. They also worked together with the third group of workers to verify the number of parts.

[0034] The third group of small-scale, precision disassembly of hardware and electronic components specifically includes: When disassembling the center console, first separate the vehicle computer, air conditioning control panel, and audio head unit; When disassembling the car door, first remove the door lock assembly and then take out the window regulator motor; After disassembling electronic components, use a multimeter to test their continuity. Components that are functioning normally can be reused, while faulty components can be recycled. S4, Backend processing: Equipped with a dual-cylinder shearing dismantling machine, it packs and presses the remaining metal body shell after fine dismantling, cuts the remaining parts, and can also be used to dismantle specific parts of large vehicles. In section S4, the metal car body is packaged and compressed into blocks with dimensions of 1.0-1.2m in length, 0.6-0.8m in width, and 0.4-0.5m in height. The packaging pressure is set at 25-30MPa to ensure that the block density is not less than 1.8t / m³. 3 ; Remove the remaining steering gear inside the metal body shell, cut the aluminum parts on the chassis, and modify the furnace charge of the car chassis. When processing large scrapped vehicles, a dual-cylinder shearing machine is used in conjunction with hydraulic shears to dismantle the body panels and frame beams. The dismantled beams are then cut into segments with a length of 0.5-1m. Among them, the recyclable resources generated in S2, S3 and S4 are stored in categories of metals, plastics and electronic components.

[0035] The first dismantling machine was purchased from Fujian Yisong Machinery Co., Ltd. as a Jin Yisong YS205 dismantling machine; The second dismantling machine was purchased from Fujian Yisong Machinery Co., Ltd. as a Jin Yisong YS75 dismantling machine; The double-cylinder shear dismantling machine was purchased from Fujian Yisong Machinery Co., Ltd.

[0036] The following is a description with reference to specific embodiments: Example 1

[0037] A method for the precise dismantling of end-of-life vehicles based on a dismantling machine, specifically for the dismantling of compact family sedans, includes the following steps: S1, Pre-treatment: Performed by one operator, first prepare four independent special containers, labeled with fuel, engine oil, coolant and wastewater respectively, extract the remaining gasoline in the fuel tank through an oil pump, filter and remove impurities and store it in the fuel container; Loosen the engine oil drain plug, collect the engine oil and send it to a distillation device for purification, extract the coolant, treat it with an ion exchange resin column and recover it, collect the chassis water and air conditioning condensate, add flocculant to precipitate for 2 hours, and then filter it through a quartz sand filter. Remove the battery with a wrench and transfer it to the hazardous waste storage area. Since the vehicle is fuel-powered, there is no need to remove the liquefied gas tank. After connecting the remote airbag detonator, the operator retreated to a distance of 35m to trigger the detonation. After detonation, clean up the airbag residue. Next, check the tires, remove them with a tire changer and store them in a shockproof rubber storage box. Remove the three-way catalytic converter from the exhaust pipe, confirm that the shell is undamaged and the internal honeycomb carrier is intact, and store it separately. Remove the front and rear halogen headlights, test that the bulbs can light up, and store them in an anti-static packaging box. Remove the vehicle navigation and reversing radar sensor from the center console. There are no signs of burning on the exterior. Place it in an anti-static turnover box. Finally, use a pneumatic cutter to cut off the exposed rubber strips of the roof sealing strips on the door edges. Use a torque wrench to loosen the fixing screws connecting the front axle and the frame. S2, Preliminary Disassembly: One excavator operator, two sorting workers, and a disassembly machine are deployed. The excavator operator operates the disassembly machine, disassembling the engine, chassis, seats, radiator, front and rear axles, four doors, front and rear hoods, and roof in that order. When disassembling the engine, the gripper points are positioned at the reinforcing ribs on the side of the engine block. After clamping, the bolts connecting the engine and transmission are separated, and the engine is transferred to a temporary storage area. The chassis frame, front two fabric seats, rear three-seater seats, and radiator assembly are disassembled sequentially. When disassembling the front and rear axles, the gripper points are positioned at the axle housing flanges. Finally, the engines of all four doors are disassembled. The trunk lid and roof were closed and moved to their respective areas. During this process, the second group of workers used a pneumatic screwdriver and a plastic pry bar to first remove the fixing screws of the engine plastic guard plate and the water tank plastic frame, and then pry open the separated parts. At the same time, the water tank fan and the sunroof frame were removed. The second group of workers sorted the disassembled parts, classifying iron parts such as the engine front and rear axles into one category, aluminum radiators into the aluminum category, plastic guard plates and sunroof frames into the plastic category, and seat fabric sealing strips into the rubber category. They were then placed in clearly labeled material baskets according to their material and type. S3, Detailed Disassembly: This setup includes one excavator operator, three sorting workers, and a second disassembly machine. The excavator operator operates the machine, disassembling the center console interior trim strips and remaining metal body panels in that order. They clamp the plastic parts along the edges of the center console, separate the clips, and remove the entire center console assembly. Next, they disassemble the four door trim panels, the carpet, the seat rails, and the metal brackets. Then, they peel off the remaining door frame and dashboard trim strips. Finally, the remaining metal body panels are transferred to the rear processing station. The third group of workers uses wire cutters to cut away any remaining low-voltage wiring inside the center console and any remaining trim strips throughout the body, cleaning any screws left in the corners of the vehicle. Small parts such as plastic clips were disassembled by the third group of workers, who then performed the detailed disassembly of hardware and electronic components. When disassembling the center console, they first separated the vehicle's computer, air conditioning control panel, and audio host. When disassembling the doors, they first removed the door lock assembly and then took out the window lift motor. After disassembling all electronic components, they used a multimeter to test their continuity. Components that were working properly were marked for reuse, while those that were faulty were marked for recycling. The third group of workers, in cooperation with the excavator operator, adjusted the position of the components and passed on the necessary tools. They then transferred the delicate components disassembled by the second group of workers to the corresponding storage areas according to whether they were reusable or recyclable. At the same time, they worked with the second group of workers to check the number of components to ensure that nothing was missing. S4, Back-end processing: A dual-cylinder shearing dismantling machine is configured to place the remaining metal car body after fine dismantling into a packaging mold and press it into a block 1.1m long, 0.7m wide, and 0.45m high. Then, the cutting edge of the dual-cylinder shearing dismantling machine is used to cut off the remaining steering gear inside the metal car body, and to cut aluminum parts such as aluminum oil pipe brackets and protective plates on the chassis. The car chassis is then subjected to furnace charge modification. Finally, the recyclable resources generated in S2, S3, and S4 are classified and stored separately. Metals such as iron and aluminum are placed separately, plastics are stored separately in a moisture-proof storage room, and electronic components are stored in anti-static turnover boxes according to whether they are reusable or recyclable. Example 2

[0038] A method for the precise dismantling of end-of-life vehicles based on a dismantling machine, specifically for the dismantling of a mid-size four-wheel-drive SUV, includes the following steps: S1, Pre-treatment: Completed by one operator, diesel or gasoline is extracted from the fuel tank, filtered and recycled, engine oil is collected and sent to distillation equipment for purification, coolant is extracted, treated with ion exchange resin and recycled, wastewater is collected, precipitated and filtered to meet standards before discharge, vehicle battery is removed and transferred to hazardous waste storage area. Since the vehicle is not gas-powered, there is no need to remove the liquefied gas tank. The driver, passenger and side airbags are remotely detonated and the residue is cleaned up. The four tires are inspected, removed and stored with anti-collision measures, the three-way catalytic converter is disassembled, and it is confirmed that the shell is undamaged and the internal carrier is intact. The front and rear LED lights are removed and tested to ensure they can be lit. The four-wheel drive control module of the central control screen and the 360° panoramic camera are disassembled, and there are no signs of burning on the exterior. The sealing strips of the roof rack and the anti-collision strips of the four doors are cut off with a pneumatic cutter, and the front axle fixing screws are loosened. S2, Preliminary Dismantling: One excavator operator, two sorting workers, and one first dismantling machine are deployed. The excavator operator operates the dismantling machine and dismantles the vehicle in the following order: engine, chassis, seats, water tank, front and rear axles, four doors, front and rear hoods, and roof. When dismantling the front and rear axles, the claws are positioned at the axle housing flange to avoid damaging the four-wheel drive connectors. The second group of workers uses a pneumatic screwdriver and a plastic pry bar to remove the plastic intake manifold, water tank, and intercooler frame from the engine. They also dismantle the panoramic sunroof glass and store it separately. The second group of workers categorizes the four-wheel drive transfer case into ferrous metals, the intercooler into aluminum, the leather seats into rubber and fabric, and the plastic parts into plastics, and then stacks them into their respective material baskets. S3, Precision Disassembly: Equipped with one excavator operator, three sorting workers, and one second disassembly machine. The excavator operator operates the disassembly machine, disassembling the center console, the four-wheel drive control panel, the interior, the ambient lighting in the doors, the panoramic sunroof metal bracket, and the remaining metal body shell in that order. The third group of workers cuts the four-wheel drive high-voltage wiring harness and ambient lighting wiring, and cleans up any remaining clips. The third group of workers disassembles the four-wheel drive control module, the 360° panoramic camera, and the electric tailgate motor. When disassembling the center console, they separate the onboard computer, the air conditioning control panel, and the audio head unit. When disassembling the doors, they remove the door lock assembly and take out the window lift motor. After testing with a multimeter, they mark the parts as reusable or recyclable. The third group of workers adjusts the position of the parts, passes tools, sorts and transfers the delicate parts, and checks the quantity with the second group of workers. S4, Post-processing: The metal car body is packaged and compressed using a dual-cylinder shearing machine to obtain a block measuring 1.15m in length, 0.75m in width, and 0.48m in height, with a density of 1.9t / m³. 3 Remove residual parts such as the four-wheel drive steering gear and the aluminum skid plate of the chassis. Modify the chassis by furnace charge. Recyclable resources generated by S2, S3 and S4 are stored in categories of metal, plastic and electronic components. Four-wheel drive special parts are separately labeled. Example 3

[0039] A method for the precise dismantling of end-of-life vehicles based on a dismantling machine, specifically for the dismantling of light trucks, includes the following steps: S1, Pre-treatment: Performed by one operator, prepare four independent special containers, extract diesel fuel from the fuel tank, filter and recycle it, collect engine oil, distill and purify it and recycle it, extract coolant, treat it with ion exchange resin and recycle it, collect wastewater, precipitate and filter it to meet standards and discharge it, remove the battery, transfer it to the hazardous waste temporary storage area, remotely detonate the driver's side airbag, check the tires, remove and store them, disassemble the heavy three-way catalytic converter, confirm that the shell is not damaged, disassemble the truck dashboard and freight-specific vehicle-mounted GPS, check that there are no signs of burning on the exterior, use a cutting knife to cut off the rubber strip connecting the truck body and the frame and the door sealing strip, and loosen the front axle fixing bolts; S2, Preliminary Dismantling: A team of one excavator operator, two sorting workers, and one first dismantling machine are deployed. The excavator operator operates the dismantling machine and dismantles the truck in the following order: engine, chassis, two fabric seats in the cab, water tank, heavy-duty radiator, front axle, rear axle, dual tire structure, four cab doors, front and rear covers, roof, and truck body. Before dismantling the truck body, the bolts connecting the truck body and the frame are separated. The second group of workers removes the engine's plastic oil pan cover and the water tank fan's plastic cover. The second group of workers categorizes the truck frame into heavy-duty iron parts and the radiator into aluminum parts. Some intact truck body wooden boards are stored separately, and the remaining parts are stacked according to their material. S3, Precision Disassembly: Equipped with one excavator operator, three sorting workers, and one second disassembly machine. The excavator operator operates the disassembly machine, disassembling the cab in the following order: central control unit, cargo instrument panel, interior trim, including the sleeper mattress, door interior panels, and the remaining metal cab shell. The third group of workers cuts the low-voltage wiring harness and the rubber strips around the sleeper, and cleans up any missing small parts. The third group of workers disassembles the cargo GPS, cab lift motor, and two door lock assemblies, separates the on-board computer and other electronic components in the central control unit, tests them with a multimeter, and marks them. The third group of workers adjusts the position of the cab shell, passes tools, sorts and transfers parts, and verifies the quantity. S4, Back-end processing: Equipped with a dual-cylinder shearing machine and hydraulic shears, the metal shell of the cab is packaged and compressed into a block measuring 1.2m long, 0.8m wide, and 0.5m high, with a density of 1.95t / m³. 3 The remaining parts, such as the heavy steering gear and the aluminum fuel tank bracket of the chassis, were removed. The chassis was modified by furnace charge cutting. The truck body panels and frame beams were disassembled with hydraulic shears and cut into sections. The recyclable resources generated by S2, S3 and S4 were classified and stored as metal, plastic and electronic components. Heavy iron parts were sent to the open-air material yard and aluminum parts were stored in the closed warehouse.

[0040] Table 1. Parameters of the First Disassembly Machine

[0041] Table 2, Parameters of the Second Disassembly Machine

[0042] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for fine disassembly of a scrapped vehicle based on a disassembly machine, characterized in that, It comprises the following steps: S1, pretreatment: by the first group of workers, the waste liquid of the scrap car is classified and recycled, the dangerous parts are specially treated, the recyclable parts are preliminarily removed, and auxiliary disassembly operation is performed; S2, rough disassembly: by the second group of workers, the core parts of the scrap car are disassembled according to the preset order, and the parts cleaning and preliminary classification and stacking are simultaneously performed; S3, fine disassembly: by the third group of workers, the remaining parts after rough disassembly are disassembled in detail according to the preset order, and the line cleaning, hardware and electronic component disassembly and classification transfer are simultaneously performed; S4, back-end processing: a double-cylinder shearing disassembling machine is configured to pack and press the remaining metal car shell after fine disassembly, and the residual parts are cut, and the specific parts of the disassembled large vehicle can be matched.

2. The method for fine disassembly of a scrapped vehicle based on a disassembly machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, the first group of workers is completed by one worker, including the following operation steps: Classify and recycle fuel, oil, coolant and wastewater; Remove the battery, remove the liquefied gas tank for gas cars, and professionally detonate the airbag; Remove the tires, three-way catalytic converter, car lights and electronic components that can be used in vehicle condition; Remove the exposed rubber strip on the car body and loosen the front axle screw.

3. The method for fine disassembly of a scrapped vehicle based on a disassembly machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, the waste liquid classification and recycling uses four independent special containers to collect fuel, oil, coolant and wastewater. The filtered fuel is recycled, the oil is recycled after distillation and purification, the coolant is recycled after ion exchange resin treatment, and the wastewater is recycled or discharged after sedimentation and filtration.

4. The method for fine disassembly of a retired vehicle based on a disassembly machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, the special treatment of dangerous parts includes: except for the scrap cars that cannot be removed from the disassembly workshop due to severe deformation of the car body, the removal of the battery, the removal of the liquefied gas tank and the detonation of the airbag of the remaining scrap cars are performed in the preset hardened ground safety area outside the workshop, and the distance between the safety area and the workshop is greater than or equal to 50m.

5. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method is based on a disassembly machine for fine disassembly of a scrapped vehicle. In S1, the judgment standard for preliminary removal of recyclable parts includes: The tire tread depth is greater than or equal to 1.6mm, the three-way catalytic converter has no damage and the internal carrier is complete, the car light cover has no cracks and the lamp beads can be lit, and the electronic components have no ablation marks on the appearance. The parts meeting the above conditions are stored separately in an anti-static or anti-collision storage box; The torque wrench is used to loosen the front axle screw, and the torque value is set to 30%-50% of the rated tightening torque of the screw. After loosening, anti-rust grease is applied to the gap between the screw and the connecting piece.

6. The method for fine disassembly of a retired vehicle based on a disassembly machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S2, the second group of workers includes one hook machine master and two sorting workers, and the specific operation steps include: The hook machine master operates the first disassembling machine; Disassemble according to the order of engine, chassis, seat, water tank, front and rear axle, four doors, front and rear cover and roof; The second group of workers removes the remaining plastic on the disassembled parts, and removes the water tank fan and sunroof; The second group of workers picks up the disassembled parts and preliminarily classifies and stacks them according to the material and type.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein: When the first disassembling machine disassembles the engine, the claw head force point is selected at the reinforcement on the side surface of the engine cylinder body; When disassembling the front and rear axle, the claw head force point is selected at the flange plate position of the axle housing; The second group of workers removes the residual plastic of the components, uses a pneumatic screwdriver in combination with a plastic pry bar, removes the fixing screws, and then pries and separates the plastic guard of the engine and the plastic frame of the water tank.

8. The method for fine disassembly of a retired vehicle based on a disassembly machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S3, the third group of workers, includes one hook machine master and three sorting workers, and the specific operation process includes: The hook machine master operates the second disassembling machine, and disassembles in the order of the central control, the interior decoration, the rubber strip, and the remaining metal vehicle shell; The third group of workers one cuts off the residual lines and the rubber strip, and cleans the small parts left in the corners of the vehicle body; The third group of workers two disassemble the hardware and electronic components; The third group of workers three adjust the positions of the components in cooperation with the hook machine master, transfer the tools, and transfer the fine components disassembled by the third group of workers two to the corresponding storage area, and check the number of components in cooperation with the third group of workers two.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein: The third group of workers two disassemble the hardware and electronic components, and the specific operation process includes: When disassembling the central control console, the vehicle-mounted computer, the air conditioner control panel, and the audio main unit are separated first; When disassembling the vehicle door, the door lock assembly is removed first, and then the glass lifting motor is taken out; After the electronic components are disassembled, a multimeter is used to detect the continuity, the normal working components are marked for reuse, and the faulty components are marked for recycling.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein: In the S4, the metal car shell is packed and briquetted, the briquette size is 1.0-1.2m in length, 0.6-0.8m in width, and 0.4-0.5m in height, the packing pressure is set to 25-30MPa, and the briquette density is ensured to be not less than 1.8t / m 3 ; The residual steering machine in the metal vehicle shell is cut off, the aluminum parts on the chassis are cut, and the vehicle chassis is modified; When processing large-scale scrapped vehicles, the double-cylinder shearing disassembling machine is used in combination with the hydraulic clamp to disassemble the vehicle compartment plate and the vehicle frame girder, and the disassembled girder is cut into segments with a length of 0.5-1m; The recyclable resources generated in S2, S3, and S4 are classified and stored according to metal, plastic, and electronic components.

Images