Drainage and drainage structure of supporting equipment in underground building construction and construction method of drainage and drainage structure

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of retaining walls or protective walls for underground or underwater structures, in particular to a drainage structure of supporting equipment in underground building construction and a construction method of the drainage structure. The drainage structure of the supporting equipment in underground building construction comprises a foundation pit (11) excavated on surrounding rock (1), and is characterized by further comprising a blind ditch (21), a blind well (22), round gravel (23), a drainage and filtration layer (3), a supporting bottom plate (41), a supporting wall (42), a waterproof layer (5), a main body bottom plate (61) and a main body wall (62), the blind ditch (21) is excavated along at least one side edge of the bottom face of the foundation pit (11), the blind well (22) is excavated on at least one corner of the bottom face of the foundation pit, and the round gravel (23) is excavated on at least one corner of the bottom face of the foundation pit (11). The depth of the blind well (22) is larger than that of the blind ditch (21), and the blind ditch (21) and the blind well (22) are filled with round gravels (23). The construction method of the drainage structure of the supporting equipment in the underground building construction is characterized by comprising the following steps: S1, digging a foundation pit; s2, pasting a drainage and filtration layer; s3, pasting a waterproof layer; s4, digging a drainage well; and S5, pumping water. The drainage structure is convenient to construct and good in drainage effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of retaining walls or protective walls for underground or underwater structures, specifically to a drainage structure for support equipment in underground construction and its construction method. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of underground construction, especially in projects involving basements or purely underground structures, the drainage treatment of the support sidewalls is a crucial step in ensuring construction quality and safety. In existing technologies, groundwater seepage often has a significant impact on the construction process. For example, pouring concrete under waterlogged conditions reduces concrete strength; the structure is prone to water leakage, leading to waterproofing failure; and especially in construction scenarios with supports, it is impossible to effectively apply external waterproofing membranes, thus affecting the overall project progress and quality.

[0003] There are currently various underground drainage and support methods, such as: Chinese invention patent 103741715A disclosed on April 23, 2014, a method for waterproofing and draining a basement. It mainly uses a water collection well, a graded pebble drainage layer and a pumping system to achieve floor drainage, aiming to prevent leakage and buoyancy problems. Chinese invention patent 219909054U disclosed on October 27, 2023, a concrete retaining wall drainage system that uses embedded drainage pipes and check valves to directly discharge water, and is applicable to retaining walls in water conservancy projects. Chinese invention patent 115354686A disclosed on November 18, 2022, a retaining wall structure with drainage effect, which adopts inclined drainage pipe and rotating self-cleaning mechanism to reduce hydrostatic pressure. Chinese invention patent 101446084A disclosed on June 3, 2009, a structure and method for combining outdoor and indoor drainage in underground buildings, which combines blind drains and waterproof coatings to treat wall foundation drainage. Chinese invention patent 218521808U disclosed on February 24, 2023, a foundation pit support structure that passively releases internal water pressure through drainage holes.

[0004] While the aforementioned technical solutions can alleviate groundwater problems to some extent, they primarily target drainage for floors, foundations, or retaining walls. They rely on active pumping, pipe networks, or mechanical components, resulting in complex construction and high costs. Furthermore, in complex groundwater seepage environments, they struggle to effectively control sidewall seepage and ensure the support walls remain dry for high-quality waterproofing layer application. Particularly in supported underground projects, existing drainage measures often fail to create efficient passive drainage channels, leading to seepage and dampness that negatively impacts the adhesion of waterproofing membranes and the overall waterproofing performance of the project. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide an underground construction auxiliary equipment that is easy to construct and has good drainage effect, this invention discloses a drainage structure and construction method of a support equipment in underground building construction.

[0006] The present invention achieves its objective through the following technical solution: A drainage structure for support equipment in underground construction includes a foundation pit excavated on the surrounding rock, characterized in that it further includes blind drains, blind wells, gravel, a drainage layer, a support base slab, support walls, a waterproof layer, a main base slab, and a main wall. Excavate a blind ditch along at least one side of the bottom of the foundation pit, and excavate a blind well at at least one corner of the bottom of the foundation pit. The depth of the blind well is greater than the depth of the blind ditch, and both the blind ditch and the blind well are filled with gravel. A drainage layer is applied to the bottom surface and inner wall of the foundation pit. A support base plate is laid on the drainage layer applied to the bottom surface of the foundation pit, and a support wall is laid on the drainage layer applied to the inner wall of the foundation pit. The outer edge of the support base plate and the bottom edge of the support wall are connected to each other. A waterproof layer is applied to both the support base plate and the support wall. The main base plate is laid on the waterproof layer on the bottom surface of the foundation pit, and the main wall is laid on the waterproof layer on the inner wall of the foundation pit. The outer edge of the main base plate and the bottom edge of the main wall are connected to each other. Drainage wells were also excavated on the surrounding rock. The drainage wells were located on one side of the foundation pit, and their depth was greater than that of the foundation pit. The lower part of the drainage wells was connected to the blind wells through water supply pipes.

[0007] The drainage structure of the support equipment in the underground construction is characterized in that: the depth of the blind well is not less than twice the depth of the blind ditch, the length of the blind ditch is not less than % of the length of the bottom edge of the foundation pit where the blind ditch is located, and the side length of the blind well is not greater than twice the width of the blind ditch.

[0008] The drainage structure of the support equipment in the underground construction is characterized in that: the drainage layer is made of geogrid cut into unit strips with a width of 80mm to 120mm, the unit strips of each layer are parallel to each other and have a gap, the unit strips of adjacent layers are perpendicular to each other and are bonded to each other, and the number of unit strip layers is not less than three.

[0009] The construction method for the drainage structure of the support equipment in underground building construction is characterized by the following steps being implemented sequentially: S1. Excavation of foundation pit: A foundation pit excavated on the surrounding rock, with a blind ditch excavated along at least one side of the bottom of the foundation pit, and a blind well excavated at at least one corner of the bottom of the foundation pit, the depth of the blind well being greater than the depth of the blind ditch, and both the blind ditch and the blind well being filled with rounded gravel; S2. Applying a drainage layer: Apply a drainage layer to the bottom surface and inner wall of the foundation pit respectively. Lay a support base plate on the drainage layer applied to the bottom surface of the foundation pit and lay a support wall on the drainage layer applied to the inner wall of the foundation pit, so that the outer edge of the support base plate and the bottom edge of the support wall are connected to each other. S3. Apply waterproof layer: Apply waterproof layer to both the support base plate and the support wall. Lay the main base plate on the waterproof layer located at the bottom of the pit and lay the main wall on the waterproof layer located on the inner wall of the pit, so that the outer edge of the main base plate and the bottom edge of the main wall are connected to each other. S4. Excavate drainage wells: Drainage wells are also excavated on the surrounding rock. The drainage wells are located on one side of the foundation pit, and the depth of the drainage wells is greater than the depth of the foundation pit. The lower part of the drainage wells is connected to the blind wells through water supply pipes. S5. Pumping: The pumping end of the water pump is inserted into the bottom of the drainage well. The groundwater is drained to the bottom of the foundation pit through the fiber structure of the filter water layer and the action of gravity. It flows through the blind ditch to the blind well, and then converges into the drainage well through the water pipe. It is then pumped out by the water pump to keep the support wall dry and waterless.

[0010] The construction method for the drainage structure of the support equipment in the underground construction is characterized in that: in step S1, the depth of the blind well is not less than twice the depth of the blind ditch, the length of the blind ditch is not less than 75% of the length of the bottom edge of the foundation pit where the blind ditch is located, and the side length of the blind well is not greater than twice the width of the blind ditch.

[0011] The construction method of the drainage structure of the support equipment in the construction of underground buildings is characterized by the following: In step S2, the drainage layer is made of geogrid cloth cut into unit strips with a width of 80mm to 120mm. The unit strips of each layer are parallel to each other and have a gap. The unit strips of adjacent layers are perpendicular to each other and are bonded to each other. The number of unit strip layers is not less than three.

[0012] Existing drainage technologies and support methods have significant shortcomings and cannot meet the stringent requirements for external waterproofing membranes in supported underground engineering projects. There is an urgent need for a sidewall drainage structure that is simple to construct, low in cost, and provides significant drainage effects to overcome the deficiencies of existing technologies, ensure construction quality, improve efficiency, and reduce costs. This invention achieves effective control of complex groundwater seepage, solving the problems of complex construction and ineffective drainage measures in existing technologies. It has the advantages of simple materials, readily available market availability, low labor costs, and significant drainage effects. Furthermore, by expanding design concepts, such as integrating auxiliary materials and adjusting parameters, the adaptability and intelligence of the structure are improved, ensuring the maintenance of engineering quality and efficiency under diverse geological conditions.

[0013] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The materials are simple, inexpensive, and widely available in the market.

[0014] 2. Convenient construction and low labor costs.

[0015] 3. The drainage effect is obvious. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of excavating a foundation pit in the surrounding rock in this invention. Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a filter layer formed by assembling unit strips in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The present invention will be further illustrated below through specific embodiments. Example

[0018] A drainage structure for support equipment in underground construction includes surrounding rock 1, blind ditch 21, blind well 22, gravel 23, a drainage layer 3, a support base 41, a support wall 42, a waterproof layer 5, a main base 61, and a main wall 62. Figures 1-3 As shown, the specific structure is: like Figure 1 As shown, foundation pit 11 is excavated on surrounding rock 1; Blind drains 21 are excavated along each side of the bottom of the foundation pit 11. A blind well 22 is excavated at one corner of the bottom of the foundation pit. The depth of the blind well 22 is greater than the depth of the blind drains 21. Both the blind drains 21 and the blind well 22 are filled with round gravel 23. A drainage layer 3 is applied to the bottom surface and inner wall of the foundation pit 11. A support base plate 41 is laid on the drainage layer 3 applied to the bottom surface of the foundation pit 11. A support wall 42 is laid on the drainage layer 3 applied to the inner wall of the foundation pit 11. The outer edge of the support base plate 41 and the bottom edge of the support wall 42 are connected to each other. A waterproof layer 5 is applied to both the support base plate 41 and the support wall 42. A main base plate 61 is laid on the waterproof layer 5 on the bottom surface of the foundation pit 11. A main wall 62 is laid on the waterproof layer 5 on the inner wall of the foundation pit 11. The outer edge of the main base plate 61 and the bottom edge of the main wall 62 are connected to each other. A drainage well 12 is also excavated on the surrounding rock 1. The drainage well 12 is located on one side of the foundation pit 11. The depth of the drainage well 12 is greater than the depth of the foundation pit 11. The lower part of the drainage well 12 is connected to the blind well 22 through a water supply pipe 13.

[0019] In this embodiment: the depth of the blind well 22 is not less than twice the depth of the blind ditch 21, the length of the blind ditch 21 is not less than 75% of the length of the bottom edge of the foundation pit 11 where the blind ditch 21 is located, and the side length of the blind well 22 is not greater than twice the width of the blind ditch 21.

[0020] In this embodiment: the filtration layer 3 is made of geotextile fabric cut into unit strips 31 with a width of 80mm to 120mm, such as... Figure 3 As shown: the unit strips 31 of each layer are parallel to each other and have a gap, the unit strips 31 of adjacent layers are perpendicular to each other and are glued to each other, and the number of unit strips 31 is not less than three layers.

[0021] In this embodiment, the construction shall be carried out in the following steps in sequence: S1. Excavation of foundation pit: an foundation pit 11 is excavated on the surrounding rock 1, a blind ditch 21 is excavated along at least one side of the bottom surface of the foundation pit 11, and a blind well 22 is excavated at at least one corner of the bottom surface of the foundation pit. The depth of the blind well 22 is greater than the depth of the blind ditch 21, and both the blind ditch 21 and the blind well 22 are filled with round gravel 23. The depth of blind well 22 shall not be less than twice the depth of blind ditch 21, the length of blind ditch 21 shall not be less than 75% of the bottom edge length of the foundation pit 11 where blind ditch 21 is located, and the side length of blind well 22 shall not be greater than twice the width of blind ditch 21. S2. Applying a drainage layer: Apply a drainage layer 3 to the bottom surface and inner wall of the foundation pit 11 respectively. Lay a support base plate 41 on the drainage layer 3 applied to the bottom surface of the foundation pit 11. Lay a support wall 42 on the drainage layer 3 applied to the inner wall of the foundation pit 11, so that the outer edge of the support base plate 41 and the bottom edge of the support wall 42 are connected to each other. The filtration layer 3 is made of geogrid fabric cut into unit strips 31 with a width of 80mm to 120mm. The unit strips 31 of each layer are parallel to each other and have a gap. The unit strips 31 of adjacent layers are perpendicular to each other and are bonded to each other. The number of unit strips 31 is not less than three layers. S3. Applying a waterproof layer: Apply a waterproof layer 5 to both the support base plate 41 and the support wall 42. Lay the main base plate 61 on the waterproof layer 5 located on the bottom surface of the foundation pit 11, and lay the main wall 62 on the waterproof layer 5 located on the inner side wall of the foundation pit 11, so that the outer edge of the main base plate 61 and the bottom edge of the main wall 62 are connected to each other. S4. Excavate drainage well: Excavate drainage well 12 on the surrounding rock 1. Drainage well 12 is located on one side of the foundation pit 11. The depth of drainage well 12 is greater than the depth of foundation pit 11. The lower part of drainage well 12 is connected to blind well 22 through water pipe 13. S5. Pumping: The pumping end of the water pump is inserted into the bottom of the drainage well 12. The groundwater is drained to the bottom of the foundation pit 11 through the fiber structure of the filtration layer 3 and the action of gravity. It flows through the blind ditch 21 to the blind well 22, and then converges into the drainage well 12 through the water pipe 13. It is then pumped out by the water pump to keep the support wall 42 dry and waterless.

Claims

1. A water drainage structure of a support equipment in underground construction, comprising a foundation pit (11) excavated on a surrounding rock (1), characterized in that: blind ditch (21), blind well (22), round gravel (23), filter water layer (3), supporting floor (41), supporting wall (42), waterproof layer (5), main body floor (61) and main body wall (62), a blind ditch (21) is excavated along at least one side edge of the bottom surface of the foundation pit (11), and a blind well (22) is excavated at at least one corner of the bottom surface of the foundation pit, the depth of the blind well (22) being greater than the depth of the blind ditch (21), and the blind ditch (21) and the blind well (22) are both filled with round gravel (23); the bottom surface and the inner side wall of the foundation pit (11) are respectively coated with the filter water layer (3), the supporting floor (41) is laid on the filter water layer (3) coated on the bottom surface of the foundation pit (11), the supporting wall (42) is laid on the filter water layer (3) coated on the inner side wall of the foundation pit (11), the outer edge of the supporting floor (41) and the bottom edge of the supporting wall (42) are connected to each other, the supporting floor (41) and the supporting wall (42) are both coated with the waterproof layer (5), the main body floor (61) is laid on the waterproof layer (5) located on the bottom surface of the foundation pit (11), and the main body wall (62) is laid on the waterproof layer (5) located on the inner side wall of the foundation pit (11), the outer edge of the main body floor (61) and the bottom edge of the main body wall (62) are connected to each other; a drainage well (12) is further excavated on the surrounding rock (1), the drainage well (12) is located on one side of the foundation pit (11), the depth of the drainage well (12) is greater than the depth of the foundation pit (11), and the lower part of the drainage well (12) is connected to the blind well (22) through a water delivery pipe (13).

2. The drainage structure of the lining apparatus in underground construction work according to claim 1, characterized in that: The depth of the blind well (22) is not less than twice the depth of the blind ditch (21), the length of the blind ditch (21) is not less than 75% of the length of the bottom edge of the foundation pit (11) where the blind ditch (21) is located, and the side length of the blind well (22) is not greater than twice the width of the blind ditch (21).

3. The drainage structure of the lining equipment in underground construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: The filter water layer (3) is cut from a geotechnical mesh cloth into unit strips (31) with a width of 80mm-120mm, the unit strips (31) of each layer are parallel to each other and have a spacing, the unit strips (31) of adjacent two layers are perpendicular to each other and are bonded to each other, and the number of layers of the unit strips (31) is not less than three.

4. The method of constructing a drainage structure of a support device in underground construction according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The following steps are implemented in sequence: S1. Excavate a foundation pit: excavate a foundation pit (11) on the surrounding rock (1), excavate a blind ditch (21) along at least one side edge of the bottom surface of the foundation pit (11), excavate a blind well (22) at at least one corner of the bottom surface of the foundation pit, the depth of the blind well (22) being greater than the depth of the blind ditch (21), and the blind ditch (21) and the blind well (22) are both filled with round gravel (23); S2. Coat a filter water layer: coat a filter water layer (3) on the bottom surface and the inner side wall of the foundation pit (11), lay a supporting floor (41) on the filter water layer (3) coated on the bottom surface of the foundation pit (11), and lay a supporting wall (42) on the filter water layer (3) coated on the inner side wall of the foundation pit (11), so that the outer edge of the supporting floor (41) and the bottom edge of the supporting wall (42) are connected to each other; S3. Paste waterproof layer: Paste waterproof layer (5) on the support floor (41) and support wall (42), waterproof layer (5) on the bottom of the foundation pit (11) to lay the main floor (61), waterproof layer (5) on the inner side wall of the foundation pit (11) to lay the main wall (62), the outer edge of the main floor (61) and the bottom edge of the main wall (62) are connected to each other; S4. Drainage well: Drainage well (12) is also excavated on the surrounding rock (1), drainage well (12) is located on one side of the foundation pit (11), the depth of drainage well (12) is greater than the depth of foundation pit (11), so that the lower part of drainage well (12) is connected to blind well (22) through water delivery pipe (13); S5. Pumping: The pumping end of the water pump is inserted into the bottom of the drainage well (12), groundwater is discharged through the fiber structure of the filtration water layer (3) and gravity to the bottom of the foundation pit (11), flows to the blind well (22) through the blind ditch (21), then converges to the drainage well (12) through the water delivery pipe (13), and is pumped out by the water pump, keeping the support wall (42) dry and water-free.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the method is characterized in that: In step S1, the depth of blind well (22) is not less than twice the depth of blind ditch (21), the length of blind ditch (21) is not less than 75% of the length of the bottom edge of the foundation pit (11) where blind ditch (21) is located, and the side length of blind well (22) is not greater than twice the width of blind ditch (21).

6. The method of claim 5, wherein the method is characterized in that: In step S2, the filtration water layer (3) is cut from geotechnical mesh into unit strips (31) with a width of 80mm-120mm, the unit strips (31) of each layer are parallel to each other with a spacing, the unit strips (31) of adjacent two layers are perpendicular to each other and are bonded to each other, and the number of layers of unit strips (31) is not less than three.

Images