Testing device and method for judging flame retardant property of material

Abstract

The invention discloses a test device and method for judging the flame retardant property of a material, a combustion support is arranged in a combustion device cavity, the combustion support comprises a base, a main supporting rod vertically and fixedly arranged on the base and a bottom slide way arranged on the base, and a slidable spray gun device is further arranged on the bottom slide way; the spraying gun is arranged on the spraying gun supporting rod in a lifting mode, the auxiliary supporting rod used for hanging a sample is fixedly arranged on the main supporting rod in an extending mode, the self-extinguishing performance and the crusting performance of an original flame-retardant material used by a cable can be judged in combination with a combustion device, the self-extinguishing performance and the crusting performance of the material can be rapidly judged, and detection is convenient and fast.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of material detection, and particularly relates to a test device and method for judging the flame-retardant performance of a material. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, many projects (such as airports, subways, etc.) in China require the use of B1 grade flame-retardant cable products. The cable requires the use of a sheath material that meets the above flame-retardant performance requirements. At present, many domestic cable material manufacturers have developed and produced B1 grade sheath materials. However, there is no uniform standard test project and technical index to evaluate the performance of these materials. Therefore, cable manufacturers often directly produce cables and then perform corresponding cable flame-retardant grade burning to evaluate the performance of the cables.

[0003] This not only takes a long time and costs a lot, but also leads to the inability to quickly judge the excellent flame-retardant performance of the material. In view of the above problems, there is an urgent need to find a simple, reliable and widely applicable evaluation method. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a test device and method for judging the flame-retardant performance of a material, which can quickly judge the self-extinguishing property and crust formation property of the material.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows: A test device for judging the flame-retardant performance of a material, comprising a burning device and a burning support arranged in the cavity of the burning device, wherein the burning support comprises a base, a main support rod vertically fixed on the base, and a bottom slide arranged on the base, and a spray gun device slidably arranged on the bottom slide is further arranged on the bottom slide; The spray gun device comprises a spray gun support rod and a spray gun arranged on the spray gun support rod in a lifting manner. An auxiliary support rod for hanging a test sample is further fixedly arranged on the main support rod.

[0006] A glass door, a smoke exhaust port and a control panel for controlling burning are arranged on the burning device, and the smoke exhaust port is arranged at the top of the burning device.

[0007] A method for judging the flame-retardant performance of a material by using the test device, comprising the following steps: 1) Test sample preparation The test sample is prepared by tabletting according to the standard molding method, and the cable material particles are plasticized and tabletted on a plasticizing machine to obtain the test sample. 2) Test conditions The test should be performed in an environment with a temperature of 23±2 ℃. 3) Test device parameters The combustion device uses propane with a purity of 95% or above, and the propane flow is controlled at 650 mL / min, ±2%; the air flow is controlled at 10 mL / min, ±2%. 4) Crusting detection a. Fix the sample vertically on the auxiliary support rod, adjust the spray gun device so that the bottom end of the sample is at the same horizontal line as the lower edge of the spray gun nozzle, then adjust the spray gun support rod so that the spray gun mouth is 120 mm horizontally away from the sample, b. Turn on the power switch, gas switch and air switch on the control panel, adjust the gas flow column and air flow column to the required value, ignite the torch, fine-tune so that the flame blue inner cone tip just touches the sample surface, start the timer at the same time, and keep for 3-5 min; c. Result determination: observe whether there are burning drippings during the sample burning process, and record whether the flame can be automatically extinguished within 5s after stopping the fire; 5) Self-extinguishing property detection d. Fix the sample vertically on the auxiliary support rod, adjust the spray gun device so that the bottom end of the sample is at the same horizontal line as the lower edge of the spray gun nozzle, then adjust the spray gun support rod so that the spray gun mouth is 120 mm horizontally away from the sample, e. Turn on the power switch, gas switch and air switch on the control panel, adjust the gas flow column and air flow column to the required value, ignite the torch, fine-tune so that the flame blue inner cone tip just touches the sample surface, start the timer at the same time, and keep for 3-5 min; f. Result determination: start timing after stopping the fire until the material self-extinguishes, and record the self-extinguishing time.

[0008] During step 4) crusting detection, at least three samples are observed.

[0009] During step 5) self-extinguishing property detection, at least three samples are observed.

[0010] During step 4) crusting detection, the sample size is 160 mm x 160 mm x 3 mm, and a rectangular sample with a size of 140 mm x 6 mm x 3 mm is pressed out using a mold pressing knife.

[0011] During step 5) self-extinguishing property detection, the sample size is 160 mm x 160 mm x 1 mm, and a rectangular sample with a size of 140 mm x 6 mm x 1 mm is pressed out using a mold pressing knife.

[0012] After the sheeting is discharged in step 1), it is placed in the hydraulic press, preheated for 5-10 min without pressure, then pressurized and kept for 3-5 min, the processing temperature of the plastic mill and the hydraulic press is set according to the plasticizing characteristics of the material, the pressurized pressure of the hydraulic press is not less than 15 MPa, then pressurized and cooled to room temperature.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present application are: The application discloses a test device and method for judging material flame-retardant performance, a combustion support is arranged in the cavity of the combustion device, the combustion support comprises a base, a main support rod vertically fixed on the base and a bottom slide arranged on the base, a spray gun device is further arranged on the bottom slide and can slide, the spray gun is arranged on the spray gun support rod and can ascend and descend, an auxiliary support rod for hanging a sample is further arranged on the main support rod, the self-extinguishing property and crust forming property of the original flame-retardant material used by the cable can be judged in combination with the combustion device, the self-extinguishing property and the crust forming property of the material can be quickly judged, and the detection is convenient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is the front view of the combustion device of the present application. Figure 2 It is the side view of the combustion device of the present application. Figure 3 It is the structural schematic view of the control panel of the present application. Figure 4 It is the front view of the combustion support of the present application. Figure 5 It is the front view of the combustion support of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The following specific embodiments illustrate the embodiments of the present application, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present application from the disclosed content.

[0016] The present application provides a test device and method for judging material flame-retardant performance, as shown in Figures 1 to 5 .

[0017] A kind of test device for judging the flame retardant performance of material, including combustion device 1 and the combustion support 1.4 arranged in the cavity of combustion device 1, and the combustion support 1.4 includes base 1.4.1, main support 1.4.2 vertically fixed on base 1.4.1 and bottom slide 1.4.3 arranged on the base, and the bottom slide 1.4.3 is also provided with a slidable spray gun device;The spray gun device includes spray gun support 1.4.5 and spray gun 1.4.4 arranged on the spray gun support 1.4.5;The main support 1.4.2 is also provided with auxiliary support 1.4.6 for hanging sample. The combustion device is also provided with glass door 1.1, smoke outlet 1.3 and control panel 1.2 for controlling combustion, and the smoke outlet 1.3 is arranged at the top of the combustion device 1.

[0018] The control panel 1.2 is arranged with power switch 1.2.1, gas switch 1.2.2, air switch 1.2.3, smoke switch 1.2.4, timer 1.2.5, gas flow column (propane) 1.2.6 and air flow column 1.2.7.

[0019] A kind of test device for judging the flame retardant performance of material, characterized in that, including the following steps: 1) sample preparation According to the standard moulding method, tablet is pressed, cable material particles are plasticized on the plastic machine, and tablet is discharged to obtain the sample; 2) test conditions The test should be carried out in an environment of 23±2 ℃; 3) test device parameters The gas in the combustion device uses propane with a purity of more than 95%, and the propane flow is controlled at 650 mL / min, ±2%;The air flow is controlled at 10 mL / min, ±2%; 4) crust detection a, vertically fix the sample on the auxiliary support, adjust the spray gun device so that the bottom end of the sample and the lower edge of the spray gun nozzle are on the same horizontal line, then adjust the spray gun support so that the spray gun port is horizontally 120 mm away from the sample, b, turn on the power switch, gas switch and air switch on the control panel, adjust the gas flow column and air flow column to the required value, ignite the spray lamp, fine-tune so that the flame blue inner cone tip just touches the surface of the sample, and start the timer at the same time, keep for 3-5 min; c, result determination: observe whether there is burning drop during the burning process of the sample, and record whether the flame can be automatically extinguished within 5s after stopping the fire; 5) self-extinguishing detection d, vertically fix the sample on the auxiliary support rod, adjust the spray gun device so that the bottom end of the sample is on the same horizontal line as the lower edge of the spray gun nozzle, then adjust the spray gun support rod so that the spray gun nozzle is 120 mm horizontally away from the sample, e, turn on the power switch, gas switch and air switch on the control panel, adjust the gas flow column and air flow column to the required value, ignite the torch, fine-tune so that the flame blue inner cone tip just touches the surface of the sample, start the timer at the same time, keep for 3-5 min; f, result determination: start timing after stopping the fire, record the self-extinguishing time until the material self-extinguishes.

[0020] Step 4) When detecting the crustiness, at least three samples are observed.

[0021] Step 5) When detecting the self-extinguishing property, at least three samples are observed.

[0022] Step 4) When detecting the crustiness, the sample piece size is 160 mm x 160 mm x 3 mm, and a rectangular cuboid sample with a size of 140 mm x 6 mm x 3 mm is pressed out by a molding knife.

[0023] Step 5) When detecting the self-extinguishing property, the sample piece size is 160 mm x 160 mm x 1 mm, and a rectangular cuboid sample with a size of 140 mm x 6 mm x 1 mm is pressed out by a molding knife.

[0024] After the sample is prepared in step 1), it is placed in the hydraulic machine, preheated for 5-10 min without pressure, then pressurized and kept for 3-5 min, the processing temperature of the plasticizing machine and the hydraulic machine is set according to the plasticizing characteristics of the material, the pressurizing pressure of the hydraulic machine should not be less than 15 MPa, then pressurized and cooled to room temperature.

[0025] The following is further illustrated by specific examples: 1) Sample preparation According to the 5.2 molding method in the national standard GB / T 32129-2015, tabletting is carried out, cable material particles are plasticized on the plasticizing machine and tabletted, placed in the hydraulic machine, preheated for 10 min without pressure, then pressurized and kept for 5 min, the processing temperature of the plasticizing machine and the hydraulic machine is set according to the plasticizing characteristics of the material, to ensure that the material can be fully plasticized and not decomposed during processing, the pressurizing pressure of the hydraulic machine should not be less than 15 MPa, then pressurized and cooled to room temperature.

[0026] The sample size used for judging the material coking property is 160 mm x 160 mm x 3 mm in length x width x thickness; the sample size used for judging the material self-extinguishing property is 160 mm x 160 mm x 1 mm in length x width x thickness, and then a molding cutter is used to press out a cuboid sample of 140 mm x 6 mm x 3 mm in length x width x thickness for judging the material coking property and a cuboid sample of 140 mm x 6 mm x 1 mm in length x width x thickness for judging the material self-extinguishing property.

[0027] 2) Test conditions The test shall be conducted in an environment of (23 ± 2) °C.

[0028] 3) Test device The test device is as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , wherein the fuel gas is propane and the purity is above 95%, the propane flow is controlled at 650 mL / min, ± 2%; the air flow is controlled at 10 mL / min, ± 2%.

[0029] 4) Material coking property test The sample of 140 mm x 6 mm x 3 mm in length x width x thickness is vertically fixed on the auxiliary support rod 1.4.6 of Figure 5 , the spray gun 1.4.4 is adjusted so that the bottom end of the sample is on the same horizontal line as the lower edge of the spray gun nozzle, and then the spray gun support rod 1.4.5 is adjusted so that the distance between the spray gun nozzle and the sample is 200 mm.

[0030] As shown in Figure 3 , the power switch 1.2.1, the gas switch 1.2.2, and the air switch 1.2.3 on the control panel 1.2 are turned on, the gas flow column 1.2.6 and the air flow column 1.2.7 are adjusted to the required values, the spray gun is ignited, the spray gun support rod 1.4.5 is finely adjusted so that the blue inner cone tip of the flame just touches the surface of the sample, the timer 1.2.5 is started, and the flame is maintained for 5 min.

[0031] The results are determined as follows: for one group of 3 samples, at least 2 samples pass the combustion test, there is no burning dripping during the test, and the flame should automatically extinguish within 5 s after the supply of fire is stopped, and then the combustion coking property is determined to be qualified.

[0032] 5) Material self-extinguishing property test The sample of 140 mm x 6 mm x 1 mm in length x width x thickness is vertically fixed on the auxiliary support rod 1.4.6 of Figure 5 , the spray gun 1.4.4 is adjusted so that the bottom end of the sample is on the same horizontal line as the lower edge of the spray gun nozzle, and then the spray gun support rod 1.4.5 is adjusted so that the distance between the spray gun nozzle and the sample is 200 mm.

[0033] As shown in Figure 3As shown, turn on the power switch 1.2.1, gas switch 1.2.2, air switch 1.2.3 on the control panel 1.2, adjust the gas flow column 1.2.6 and air flow column 1.2.7 to the required value, ignite the torch, fine-tune the torch shaft 1.4.5 to make the flame blue inside the cone tip just touch the sample surface, and at the same time turn on the timer 1.2.5 to start timing, keep for 3 min.

[0034] The results are determined as follows: one group of 3 samples, at least 2 samples are qualified for burning, the flame is automatically extinguished within 5s after stopping the fire supply, and the self-extinguishing property is determined to be qualified.

[0035] In the patent, the words "first", "second", etc. are used to limit the parts. Those skilled in the art should know that "first", "second" are used only to facilitate the description of the invention and simplify the description, and the above words have no special meaning.

[0036] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present application. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present application is not limited to the above examples, and the above examples and descriptions in the specification are only to illustrate the principles of the present application. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, various changes and improvements can be made to the present application, and these changes and improvements fall within the scope of the claimed invention. The scope of protection of the present application is defined by the appended claims and equivalents.

[0037] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "front", "back", "left", "right", "center", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A test apparatus for determining the fire retardant properties of a material, characterised in that: The combustion device comprises a combustion device and a combustion support arranged in the cavity of the combustion device, and the combustion support comprises a base, a main support rod vertically fixed on the base, and a bottom slide arranged on the base, and a spray gun device is further arranged on the bottom slide and can slide; The spray gun device comprises a spray gun support rod and a spray gun arranged on the spray gun support rod in a lifting manner; An auxiliary support rod for hanging a sample is further arranged on the main support rod.

2. The test device for judging the flame retardant property of a material according to claim 1, characterized in that: A glass door, an exhaust port, and a control panel for controlling combustion are arranged on the combustion device, and the exhaust port is arranged at the top of the combustion device.

3. A method of determining the flame retardant properties of a material based on the test apparatus of claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: 1) Sample preparation Tablets are prepared by standard molding method, cable material particles are plasticized on a plasticizing machine, and tablets are discharged to obtain samples; 2) Test conditions The test should be carried out in an environment of 23±2 ℃; 3) Test device parameters Propane with a purity of more than 95% is used as fuel gas in the combustion device, and the propane flow is controlled at 650 mL / min, ±2%; the air flow is controlled at 10 mL / min, ±2%; 4) Crusting detection a. The sample is vertically fixed on the auxiliary support rod, the spray gun device is adjusted so that the bottom end of the sample and the lower edge of the spray gun nozzle are on the same horizontal line, then the spray gun support rod is adjusted so that the horizontal distance between the spray gun nozzle and the sample is 120 mm, b. Turn on the power switch, gas switch and air switch on the control panel, adjust the gas flow column and air flow column to the required value, ignite the spray torch, and fine-tune so that the blue inner cone tip of the flame just touches the surface of the sample, and start the timer at the same time, keep for 3-5 min; c. Result determination: observe whether there is burning dripping during the burning process of the sample, and record whether the flame can be automatically extinguished within 5s after stopping the fire supply; 5) Self-extinguishing detection d. The sample is vertically fixed on the auxiliary support rod, the spray gun device is adjusted so that the bottom end of the sample and the lower edge of the spray gun nozzle are on the same horizontal line, then the spray gun support rod is adjusted so that the horizontal distance between the spray gun nozzle and the sample is 120 mm, e. Turn on the power switch, gas switch and air switch on the control panel, adjust the gas flow column and air flow column to the required value, ignite the spray torch, and fine-tune so that the blue inner cone tip of the flame just touches the surface of the sample, and start the timer at the same time, keep for 3-5 min; f. Result determination: start timing after stopping the fire supply until the material self-extinguishes, and record the self-extinguishing time.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein the test device is used to determine the flame retardant properties of a material. At least three samples are observed during step 4) crusting detection.

5. The method of claim 3, wherein: the test device is a test device for determining the flame retardant properties of a material. At least three samples are observed during step 5) self-extinguishing detection.

6. The method of claim 3, wherein the test device is used to determine the flame retardant properties of a material. During step 4) crusting detection, the sample size is 160 mm×160 mm×3 mm, and a rectangular sample with a size of 140 mm×6 mm×3 mm is pressed by a molding knife.

7. The method of claim 3, wherein the test device is used to determine the flame retardant properties of a material. During step 5) self-extinguishing detection, the sample size is 160 mm×160 mm×1 mm, and a rectangular sample with a size of 140 mm×6 mm×1 mm is pressed by a molding knife.

8. The method of claim 3, wherein the test device is used to determine the flame retardant properties of a material. After the step 1), the product is placed in the hydraulic press, preheated for 5-10 minutes without pressure, then pressurized and kept for 3-5 minutes, the processing temperature of the plasticizing machine and the hydraulic press is set according to the plasticizing characteristics of the material, the pressurized pressure of the hydraulic press is not less than 15 MPa, then pressurized and cooled to room temperature.

Images