Plateau mountain PLP installation height determination method and system

Abstract

The invention provides a plateau mountain PLP installation height determination method and system. The plateau mountain PLP installation height determination method comprises the steps of obtaining a plurality of preset installation positions of a plurality of PLP lightning protection devices; constructing a plurality of installation areas corresponding to the plurality of PLP lightning protection devices according to the plurality of installation positions; acquiring historical lightning stroke data corresponding to the current installation area; determining a first protection device with the farthest horizontal distance from the first PLP lightning protection devices corresponding to the area in the current installation area; obtaining topographic data and target equipment height of the first protection equipment, and a target horizontal distance between the first protection equipment and the first PLP lightning protection device; and according to the historical lightning stroke data, the topographic data, the target equipment height and the target horizontal distance, the installation height of the first PLP lightning protection device is calculated based on a rolling ball method. The precision of the PLP installation height can be improved, and the method is suitable for the special terrain and the lightning stroke risk of the plateau mountain land.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of power system protection technology, and in particular to a method and system for determining the installation height of a PLP (Power Line Protection) system in high-altitude and mountainous areas. Background Technology

[0002] Photovoltaic power plants, wind farms, and substations are often built in high-altitude mountainous areas. These areas have complex terrain, variable climates, and frequent, high-intensity lightning strikes, posing a serious threat to the electrical equipment of these facilities. PLP (Plasma Lightning Protector) devices are an important method for lightning protection in high-altitude mountainous areas. PLP devices generate high-concentration plasma by ionizing the air, simultaneously emitting opposite polarity plasma upwards and downwards: the upward-facing plasma neutralizes the charge of thunderclouds, weakening the energy of a lightning strike; the downward-facing plasma forms an ionospheric protective shield, enveloping the protected equipment and effectively blocking the intrusion path of lightning current, thus achieving lightning protection.

[0003] Current methods for determining the installation height of a Power Line Protection (PLP) system rely on the traditional rolling sphere method. This method determines the rolling sphere radius based on the lightning protection category of the protected equipment / building, and then calculates the PLP installation height using the Pythagorean theorem. It is clear that the rolling sphere radius calculated by this method is a key parameter for determining the PLP installation height. However, the traditional rolling sphere method determines the rolling sphere radius solely based on the lightning protection category, without incorporating historical lightning strike data or considering terrain features such as slope and aspect. Therefore, it cannot obtain an accurate rolling sphere radius, and consequently, cannot determine a precise PLP installation height that is suitable for the site's terrain and historical lightning strike conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a method and system for determining the installation height of PLP in high-altitude and mountainous areas. By combining PLP device parameters with site terrain information to construct an appropriate installation area, then correcting the rolling sphere radius based on historical lightning strike data of the area, and calculating multiple coefficients based on historical lightning strike data and terrain data of the area to correct the rolling sphere method formula, the installation height of each PLP is finally accurately calculated. This effectively improves the calculation accuracy of PLP installation height in high-altitude and mountainous photovoltaic and other sites, and adapts to their complex terrain and differentiated lightning strike risks.

[0005] Firstly, this application provides a method for determining the installation height of a PLP (Plug-in Power Line) in high-altitude mountainous areas, applied to the server of a site intelligent monitoring system for a target site. The target site includes multiple PLP lightning protection devices and multiple protection devices requiring lightning protection. The method includes: Obtain the multiple installation locations corresponding to the pre-set multiple PLP surge protection devices; Based on the multiple installation locations, construct multiple installation areas corresponding to the multiple PLP lightning protection devices, and the multiple installation areas can cover the locations of the multiple protection devices within the target site; For each of the multiple installation areas, the following operations are performed to obtain multiple installation heights corresponding to the multiple PLP surge protectors: Obtain historical lightning strike data corresponding to the current installation area. The historical lightning strike data includes lightning density, lightning intensity, and lightning flow direction within a preset historical period. The lightning flow direction represents the flow direction when the lightning strike occurs. Determine the first protection device with the longest horizontal distance from the first PLP lightning protection device corresponding to the current installation area; Acquire the terrain data of the location of the first protection device and the height of the target device, as well as the target horizontal distance between the first protection device and the first PLP lightning protection device; Based on the historical lightning strike data, the terrain data, the height of the target equipment, and the horizontal distance to the target, the installation height of the first PLP lightning protection device is calculated using the rolling sphere method. Send the multiple installation locations and multiple installation heights to the user's terminal equipment to assist in setting up the multiple PLP surge protectors.

[0006] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a site intelligent monitoring system, the system including a target site, the target site including multiple PLP lightning protection devices and multiple protection devices with lightning protection requirements, the system including: The acquisition unit is used to acquire multiple installation positions corresponding to the multiple PLP surge protection devices that are preset in advance; The processing unit is configured to construct multiple installation areas corresponding to the multiple PLP lightning protection devices based on the multiple installation locations, wherein the multiple installation areas can cover the locations of the multiple protection devices within the target site; and to perform the following operations for each of the multiple installation areas to obtain multiple installation heights corresponding to the multiple PLP lightning protection devices: acquiring historical lightning strike data corresponding to the current installation area, wherein the historical lightning strike data includes ground flash density, ground flash intensity, and ground flash flow direction within a preset historical period, wherein the ground flash flow direction represents the direction of the incoming flow when the lightning strike occurs; determining the first protection device with the longest horizontal distance from the first PLP lightning protection device corresponding to the current installation area; acquiring the terrain data of the location of the first protection device, the target device height, and the target horizontal distance between the first protection device and the first PLP lightning protection device; and calculating the installation height of the first PLP lightning protection device based on the rolling sphere method according to the historical lightning strike data, the terrain data, the target device height, and the target horizontal distance. The sending unit is used to send the multiple installation locations and multiple installation heights to the user's terminal equipment to assist in completing the setting operation of the multiple PLP surge protectors.

[0007] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide an electronic device including a processor, a memory, and one or more programs, the one or more programs being stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor, the programs including instructions for performing the steps in the first aspect of embodiments of this application.

[0008] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program / instructions stored thereon, which is executed by a processor to implement the steps of the method described in the first aspect above.

[0009] As can be seen, in this embodiment, the server obtains multiple installation locations corresponding to multiple pre-set PLP surge protectors; constructs multiple installation areas corresponding to each PLP surge protector based on the multiple installation locations; and performs the following operations for each installation area to obtain multiple installation heights corresponding to the multiple PLP surge protectors: obtaining historical lightning strike data corresponding to the current installation area; determining the first protection device with the longest horizontal distance to the first PLP surge protector in the current installation area; obtaining the terrain data of the first protection device, the target device height, and the target horizontal distance between the first protection device and the first PLP surge protector; calculating the installation height of the first PLP surge protector based on the rolling sphere method using historical lightning strike data, terrain data, target device height, and target horizontal distance; and sending multiple installation locations and multiple installation heights to the user's terminal device to assist in completing the setup operation of the multiple PLP surge protectors. Thus, compared to the problem of inaccurate PLP installation height calculation caused by the traditional rolling sphere method not incorporating historical lightning strike data and terrain features of the site, this application combines historical lightning strike data and terrain data to correct the rolling sphere radius and the rolling sphere method formula, effectively improving the calculation accuracy of PLP installation height for photovoltaic sites in plateau and mountainous areas, and adapting to their complex terrain and differentiated lightning strike risks. Attached Figure Description

[0010] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0011] Figure 1 This is a system architecture diagram of a station intelligent monitoring system provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of a method for determining the installation height of a PLP (Plug-in Lift) in high-altitude mountainous areas, as provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an angle range of the direction of ground flash flow provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the relative distance between a protective device and a PLP lightning protection device according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a process for calculating the installation height of a PLP based on the rolling ball method, provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 6 This is a geometric schematic diagram illustrating the calculation principle of PLP installation height provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the interface of a user terminal device provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 8 This is a functional unit block diagram of a station intelligent monitoring system provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 9 This is a structural block diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0012] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0013] The terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products, or apparatuses.

[0014] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0015] In the embodiments of this application, "and / or" describes the relationship between associated objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent the following three situations: A exists alone; A and B exist simultaneously; B exists alone. Among them, A and B can be singular or plural.

[0016] In this embodiment, the symbol " / " can indicate that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship. Alternatively, the symbol " / " can also represent a division sign, i.e., performing a division operation. For example, A / B can mean A divided by B.

[0017] In the embodiments of this application, "at least one item" or its similar expression refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of a single item or a plurality of items. "One or more" means one or more, while "multiple" means two or more. For example, "at least one item" of a, b, or c can represent the following seven cases: a, b, c; a and b; a and c; b and c; a, b, and c. Each of a, b, and c can be an element or a set containing one or more elements.

[0018] In the embodiments of this application, "equal to" can be used with "greater than" and is applicable to technical solutions used when "greater than" is used; it can also be used with "less than" and is applicable to technical solutions used when "less than" is used. When "equal to" is used with "greater than", it is not used with "less than"; when "equal to" is used with "less than", it is not used with "greater than".

[0019] The following describes the relevant content, concepts, meanings, technical issues, technical solutions, and beneficial effects involved in the embodiments of this application.

[0020] PLP (Plasma Lightning Protector) is an active lightning protection device based on the principle of plasma discharge. Its core function is to guide the lightning discharge path by exciting a plasma channel, diverting the lightning energy to the ground and thus preventing damage to the protected equipment. This device features a large protection angle (typically 84°-86°), adaptability to complex terrain, and fast response speed, making it a core lightning protection device for complex scenarios such as photovoltaic power stations in high-altitude and mountainous areas.

[0021] Lightning strike data refers to lightning activity data recorded in the target site and surrounding area within a preset historical period (e.g., 5 years). This data primarily originates from lightning monitoring systems, meteorological observations, and historical lightning strike records at the site. In this plan, the lightning strike data focuses on key information related to ground flashes, including the time of the ground flash occurrence, latitude and longitude coordinates, peak ground flash intensity, direction of ground flash flow, and related data such as slope and aspect at the location of the ground flash occurrence.

[0022] Ground flash: refers to a type of lightning strike in which the discharge channel connects the cloud layer and the ground during the lightning discharge process (as opposed to cloud-to-cloud flash). It directly conducts a powerful lightning current to the ground and is the main form of lightning strike that causes damage to equipment and line faults in high-altitude and mountainous areas.

[0023] Ground flash density refers to the number of ground flashes occurring per unit time and per unit area, measured in "flashes / km²". "Year" is a core indicator for quantifying the frequency of lightning strikes in a certain area. The calculation formula is "Ground flash density = total number of ground flashes within the statistical range / (area of ​​statistical range × number of statistical years)".

[0024] Ground flash intensity refers to the peak current during ground flash discharge, measured in kiloamperes (kA). It directly reflects the energy strength of lightning discharge and is a key indicator for judging the destructive power of lightning strikes.

[0025] The direction of lightning strikes refers to the incident direction during a lightning discharge, expressed as an azimuth angle (0°-360°). In this scheme, the direction of lightning strikes is statistically divided into preset intervals (e.g., each interval is 45°, with 292.5°-337.5° corresponding to the southeast direction) to calculate the lightning density at a certain point in different directions, thereby determining the maximum lightning density at that point and providing a quantitative basis for local risk for rolling sphere radius correction.

[0026] Rolling sphere method: This is an internationally accepted method for calculating the protection range of lightning protection devices. Its core principle is: Imagine an imaginary sphere with a rolling sphere radius (r). This sphere is simultaneously tangent to the top of the PLP lightning protection device and the ground (or the top of the protected equipment). The area covered by the trajectory formed by the rolling sphere is the effective protection range of the PLP. In traditional rolling sphere methods, the rolling sphere radius is determined solely by the lightning protection category of the protected object (e.g., the rolling sphere radius for Class III lightning protection buildings / equipment is 60m), and is a fixed value.

[0027] Current methods for determining the installation height of a Power Line Protection (PLP) system rely on the traditional rolling sphere method. This method determines the rolling sphere radius based on the lightning protection category of the protected equipment / building, and then calculates the PLP installation height using the Pythagorean theorem. It is clear that the rolling sphere radius calculated by this method is a key parameter for determining the PLP installation height. However, the traditional rolling sphere method determines the rolling sphere radius solely based on the lightning protection category, without incorporating historical lightning strike data or considering terrain features such as slope and aspect. Therefore, it cannot obtain an accurate rolling sphere radius, and consequently, cannot determine a precise PLP installation height that is suitable for the site's terrain and historical lightning strike conditions.

[0028] To address the aforementioned issues, this application provides a method and system for determining the installation height of a PLP (Plug-in Lift) system in high-altitude mountainous areas. The embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a system architecture diagram of a site intelligent monitoring system provided in an embodiment of this application, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the intelligent monitoring system 100 for the field includes a server 110, terminal equipment 120, and a target field 130. The target field 130 includes multiple PLP surge protectors 131 and multiple protection devices 132 requiring surge protection. The server 110, terminal equipment 120, and target field 130 are interconnected.

[0030] The server 110 is responsible for key functions such as data storage, algorithm calculation, and instruction scheduling, and is the core carrier for accurately calculating the installation height of the PLP. Specifically, the server 110 is used to acquire lightning strike data (ground flash time, coordinates, intensity, incoming flow direction, etc.), the operating status data of the PLP lightning protection device 131, and the working status data of the protection device 132 in real time; and, based on the received lightning strike data, it corrects the rolling sphere radius by combining the terrain features of the target site, and finally derives the accurate installation height of each PLP through geometric relationships; and, it sends the calculated PLP installation parameters to the target site 130 and the terminal device 120; and, it is also used for long-term storage of historical lightning strike data, PLP installation configuration parameters, equipment operation and maintenance records, etc.

[0031] The terminal device 120 serves as a "bridge" connecting maintenance personnel, the server 110, and the target site 130. It includes, but is not limited to, industrial control computers, mobile maintenance terminals (phones, tablets), and site monitoring center workstations, supporting wired / wireless network connections. Specifically, it can display in real-time the lightning risk distribution of the target site (such as ground flash density heatmaps and high-risk lightning-affected equipment) issued by the server 110, the installation parameters and operating status of each PLP lightning protection device 131, and the lightning protection status of the protection equipment 132. Maintenance personnel can input basic site parameters and adjust algorithm parameters (such as the statistical years for ground flashes) through the terminal device 120 and send them to the server 110. It can also receive early warning information pushed by the server 110 and issue emergency control commands. Furthermore, it supports querying historical lightning strike data and PLP installation and maintenance records.

[0032] The target site 130 includes, but is not limited to, photovoltaic sites, wind farms, substations, and other sites suitable for construction in high-altitude and mountainous areas. The PLP lightning protection device 131 is the core lightning protection execution equipment, capable of guiding lightning current to the ground based on the principle of plasma discharge, ensuring effective lightning protection coverage for surrounding protective equipment, adapting to the protection needs of complex terrain in high-altitude and mountainous areas; it can also integrate simple communication modules (such as LoRa or 4G modules) to communicate with the server 110 and provide feedback on its own operating status. The protection equipment 132 is the core protected object of the PLP lightning protection device 131, referring to the core electrical equipment within the target site 130 that requires key protection. In the photovoltaic site scenario, this mainly includes inverters, combiner boxes, photovoltaic module arrays, transformers, and power distribution lines.

[0033] As can be seen, in this embodiment, the intelligent monitoring system 100 for the site realizes the entire process of lightning strike data acquisition, rolling ball radius correction, PLP installation height accurate calculation, status monitoring and operation and maintenance management through the collaborative communication between the server 110, terminal equipment 120 and the target site 130. It not only adapts to the differentiated lightning protection needs of complex sites in plateau and mountainous areas, but also improves the accuracy of PLP lightning protection device installation and configuration and operation and maintenance efficiency.

[0034] The following is combined with Figure 2 The method for determining the installation height of PLP in high-altitude and mountainous areas provided in the embodiments of this application will be further explained.

[0035] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of a method for determining the installation height of a PLP (Plug-in Lift) system in high-altitude mountainous areas, as provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 As shown, the method includes the following steps: Step S210: Obtain the multiple installation locations corresponding to the multiple PLP surge protection devices that have been preset.

[0036] In this embodiment, the multiple installation locations corresponding to multiple PLP lightning protection devices can be determined by experienced personnel based on the target site's basic information (such as the distribution of protection equipment, site terrain boundaries, and preliminary lightning protection blind zone prediction) and PLP device parameters (such as theoretical protection radius and installation environment requirements) through preliminary on-site surveys and experience. Alternatively, the locations can be automatically determined by the server based on the target site's location distribution and site terrain information; this application does not impose any limitations on this.

[0037] In a specific embodiment, taking a photovoltaic power station as an example, the selection of the installation location for the PLP lightning protection device should prioritize proximity to high-risk protection equipment such as inverters and combiner boxes, avoiding unsuitable installation scenarios such as terrain abrupt changes and equipment obstruction areas, and reserving overlapping coverage space for adjacent PLPs. The installation location coordinates (latitude, longitude, and altitude) and associated terrain information (slope and aspect) can be retrieved from a pre-stored server, or the installation location data determined through preliminary surveys can be imported via a terminal device.

[0038] Step S220: Construct multiple installation areas corresponding to the multiple PLP lightning protection devices according to the multiple installation locations, and the multiple installation areas can cover the locations of the multiple protection devices in the target site.

[0039] The target site includes multiple protection devices, which may be scattered in different locations and do not occupy the entire site area. The site covers a huge area, and there are also vacant mountainous areas. Therefore, it is only necessary to determine the installation area corresponding to multiple PLP lightning protection devices to cover the area where multiple protection devices are located, without the need for additional lightning protection for the remaining open areas.

[0040] In one possible embodiment, constructing multiple installation areas corresponding to the multiple PLP surge protectors based on the multiple installation locations includes: obtaining a pre-set initial regular area shape and initial area size; obtaining device parameters of the multiple PLP surge protectors, including a maximum installation height; adjusting the initial area size based on the maximum installation height to obtain a target area size, wherein the maximum installation height is positively correlated with the target area size; obtaining the terrain location information of the target site; constructing multiple installation areas corresponding to the multiple PLP surge protectors based on the multiple installation locations as area construction benchmarks, according to the initial regular area shape, the target area size, and the terrain location information; and detecting that the multiple installation areas can cover the locations of the multiple protection devices within the target site.

[0041] The initial shape of the rule area can be preferably set to a circle based on the "radial protection range" characteristic of the PLP lightning protection device, or it can be set to a rectangle or other shapes according to the arrangement rules of the equipment in the site. The initial area size is a preset default reference value (e.g., a default initial radius of 200m), which is only used as a "reference benchmark" for subsequent adjustments and is not directly used as the final area size.

[0042] Among the parameters of the PLP surge protector, the maximum installation height is included. The protection range (radius) of the PLP is directly and positively correlated with the installation height; that is, the higher the installation height, the larger the protection range, and the larger the protected area can be. Conversely, the lower the installation height, the smaller the protection range, and the smaller the protected area can be. It can be seen that the protection range (radius) of the PLP refers to the maximum distance that the PLP surge protector can effectively guide lightning and protect surrounding equipment in the horizontal direction. That is, the straight-line distance from the horizontal projection point of the PLP installation location to the protection boundary—protected equipment within this distance can be effectively covered by the PLP's plasma discharge channel, avoiding direct lightning strikes.

[0043] Furthermore, adjusting the initial area size according to the maximum installation height can be achieved based on a preset algorithm. The preset algorithm can be used to characterize the relationship between the target area size and the maximum installation height. For example, the target area radius = initial radius × (actual maximum installation height / preset standard installation height).

[0044] Furthermore, the installation location is used to determine the anchor point reference (such as the center point) for each region, the initial regular region shape is used to determine the shape of each region (circle, rectangle, etc.), the target region size is used to determine the size of the corresponding shape for each region, and the terrain location information is used to correct the shape and size of each region. This application does not limit the specific implementation of calculating multiple installation regions based on the installation location, the initial regular region shape, the region size, and the terrain location information.

[0045] Understandably, the core of constructing multiple installation areas corresponding to multiple PLP surge protectors is to adapt to the installation location, device parameter differences, and complex terrain of each PLP, ensuring that the protection range of each PLP matches its actual protection capability and the surrounding environment (the lightning strike risk varies in different areas of plateau and mountainous regions, resulting in significant differences in the installation height of corresponding PLPs). This achieves blind-spot-free coverage of all protected devices and provides a clear spatial basis for subsequent region-based rolling sphere radius correction and accurate calculation of PLP installation height, ensuring that differentiated lightning protection needs are met.

[0046] Step S230: For the multiple installation areas, perform the following operations respectively to obtain the multiple installation heights corresponding to the multiple PLP surge protection devices.

[0047] Step S240: Obtain historical lightning strike data corresponding to the current installation area. The historical lightning strike data includes lightning density, lightning intensity, and lightning flow direction within a preset historical period. The lightning flow direction represents the direction of the incoming flow when the lightning strike occurs.

[0048] In this embodiment, the sources of historical lightning strike data include, but are not limited to, professional lightning monitoring systems (such as lightning location sensors deployed at the site or regional lightning monitoring networks), which can accurately collect the time, coordinates, intensity, and direction of lightning strikes; publicly available historical lightning strike observation data from meteorological departments can supplement the lightning strike records in the area surrounding the site and expand the sample size; and the historical lightning strike accident records of the target site itself can be correlated with the damage to protective equipment and assist in verifying the validity of the lightning strike data.

[0049] The preset historical timeframe is typically 5-10 years. A timeframe that is too short will result in insufficient data samples (e.g., fewer lightning strikes in extreme years) and will not be able to reflect the true risk. A timeframe that is too long may cause data invalidation due to changes in the surrounding environment of the site (e.g., terrain modification, vegetation growth). This ensures that the data can objectively represent the long-term lightning strike patterns in the area.

[0050] Optional, please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an angle range of the incoming direction of a ground flash flow provided in an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a tool used to standardize the division of slope aspect and lightning flow direction angle intervals. Its core is based on the geographical azimuth rule of "true north as 0°, with angles increasing clockwise." It divides the 360° circle into eight 45° wide angle intervals, each corresponding to a standard direction (east, northeast, north, northwest, west, southwest, south, southeast). The boundary of each interval is set at ±22.5° of the corresponding positive azimuth, ensuring that each interval covers its corresponding standard direction. The core area—specifically, corresponds to 337.5°~22.5° to the east (covering areas close to due east due to crossing the 0° boundary), 22.5°~67.5° to the northeast, 67.5°~112.5° to the north, 112.5°~157.5° to the northwest, 157.5°~202.5° to the west, 202.5°~247.5° to the southwest, 247.5°~292.5° to the south, and 292.5°~337.5° to the southeast.

[0051] As can be seen in the embodiments of this application, Figure 3It can be used to define slope aspect, that is, to determine the specific slope aspect by matching the slope aspect azimuth of a certain area of ​​the target site with the interval in the map (e.g., when the slope aspect azimuth is 300°, it can be clearly determined that it belongs to the southeast slope aspect). On the other hand, it can also be used to statistically analyze the direction of lightning strikes, matching the incident azimuth of lightning strikes in historical lightning strike data to the corresponding interval, deriving the lightning strike density of various lightning strike directions in a certain PLP installation area, accurately locating the high-risk direction of lightning strikes in the area, and providing quantifiable directional dimension data support for terrain adaptation, protection range optimization and rolling ball radius correction of the PLP installation area.

[0052] Step S250: Determine the first protection device with the longest horizontal distance from the first PLP lightning protection device corresponding to the current installation area.

[0053] Among them, the first protected device, which is the furthest horizontally from the first PLP surge protector in the current installation area, is the "limit constraint object" of the PLP protection in this area. The PLP protection range is limited, and the furthest device is most likely to exceed the protection limit. As long as the protection of it is met, other devices in the area will naturally be covered. Thus, the protection of multiple devices is simplified to the requirement of a single limit device, which reduces the computational complexity and ensures the comprehensiveness of protection.

[0054] Step S260: Obtain the terrain data of the location of the first protection device, the height of the target device, and the target horizontal distance between the first protection device and the first PLP lightning protection device.

[0055] Among them, the target horizontal distance is the farthest horizontal distance between the protected equipment and the PLP lightning protection device, which is the core horizontal side length for geometric calculation using the rolling sphere method; the target equipment height is the top height of the protected equipment, which is the key reference point where the rolling sphere needs to be tangent (the rolling sphere method requires the rolling sphere to be tangent to both the top of the PLP and the top of the protected equipment simultaneously); the terrain data is adapted to the complex scenarios of plateau and mountainous areas—if the first protected equipment is located in a steep slope or area with a large elevation difference, the difference between its actual elevation and the elevation of the PLP installation base will change the tangency relationship of the rolling sphere. The terrain data can be used to correct the relative height between the equipment and the PLP, avoiding deviations in the calculation of the protection range due to terrain undulations.

[0056] Optional, please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the relative distance between a protection device and a PLP lightning protection device, as provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 4As shown, this diagram illustrates the positional relationship between a PLP (Plug-in Lightning Protection) device (with a discharge structure at its top) and protective equipment (such as photovoltaic panels) in the undulating terrain of a high-altitude mountainous site. The definition of "relative horizontal distance" is clearly stated using dashed lines; this is the straight-line distance between the horizontal projection points of the PLP and the protective equipment. Furthermore, the definition of the relative vertical distance between the protective equipment and the PLP is also clarified: ignoring terrain variations, the vertical distance is taken as the vertical height between the horizontal projection points corresponding to the mounting surface (or the top of) of the PLP and the top of the protective equipment. This provides accurate parameters for subsequent calculations of the PLP installation height using the rolling sphere method, ensuring the precision of the calculated protection range and installation height.

[0057] Step S270: Based on the historical lightning strike data, the terrain data, the target equipment height, and the target horizontal distance, the installation height of the first PLP lightning protection device is calculated using the rolling sphere method.

[0058] Optional, please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for calculating the installation height of a PLP (Lightning Protection Device) based on the rolling sphere method, provided in an embodiment of this application. Step S270, which involves calculating the installation height of the first PLP lightning protection device based on the rolling sphere method using the historical lightning strike data, terrain data, target equipment height, and target horizontal distance, may include... Figure 5 The steps shown are as follows: S51. Determine the initial rolling sphere radius according to the rolling sphere method. The rolling sphere radius is associated with the protection range of the PLP lightning protection device.

[0059] The initial rolling sphere radius is obtained based on a preset first mapping relationship, which represents the correspondence between the lightning protection level of the protection device and the rolling sphere radius. The larger the rolling sphere radius, the wider the theoretical protection range of the PLP (Lightning Protection Protection).

[0060] Specifically, the first mapping relationship is essentially a standardized correspondence rule in the industry's lightning protection specifications based on the risk level of the protected equipment. For example, Class I lightning protection level (corresponding to core equipment that is prone to major safety accidents and huge economic losses after lightning strikes) corresponds to a rolling sphere radius of 30m, Class II lightning protection level (important production equipment that will affect the normal operation of the site after lightning strikes) corresponds to a rolling sphere radius of 45m, and Class III lightning protection level (auxiliary equipment that is less affected by lightning strikes) corresponds to a rolling sphere radius of 60m.

[0061] S52. Correct the initial rolling ball radius based on the historical lightning strike data to obtain the target rolling ball radius.

[0062] The initial rolling ball radius is a preset fixed value, while the target rolling ball radius is the precise rolling ball radius that takes into account the historical lightning strike data of the area.

[0063] In one possible embodiment, before correcting the initial rolling ball radius based on the historical lightning strike data to obtain the target rolling ball radius, the method includes: determining, based on the historical lightning strike data, the total number of ground flashes in the current installation area within a preset historical period, as well as multiple ground flash intensities and multiple ground flash flow directions corresponding to the multiple ground flashes, wherein the ground flash flow directions include east, northeast, north, northwest, west, southwest, south, and southeast; and obtaining the number of ground flashes in the current installation area based on the total number of ground flashes, the area of ​​the current installation area, and the preset historical period. A first lightning density is obtained by considering the plurality of lightning intensities and the total number of lightning strikes. A plurality of sub-lightning strike counts and intensities are determined for each of the plurality of lightning strike directions. A plurality of second lightning densities for the current installation area in different lightning strike directions are obtained based on the plurality of sub-lightning strike counts, the area, and the preset historical years. A plurality of second lightning intensities for the current installation area in different lightning strike directions are obtained based on the plurality of sub-lightning intensities and the plurality of sub-lightning strike counts.

[0064] Among them, the first lightning density and the first lightning intensity are the overall lightning parameters of the area, and the multiple second lightning densities and multiple second lightning intensities are the lightning parameters corresponding to different lightning flow directions in the area, which are used to quantify the differences in lightning strike risk in different directions.

[0065] For example, the current installation area is a PLP installation area of ​​a high-altitude mountain photovoltaic power station, with an area of ​​2 km², a preset historical period of 5 years, a total of 100 ground flashes, and multiple ground flash intensities (selected in the example, the final sum is 8000kA) including 70kA, 80kA, 60kA, etc. The distribution of ground flash flow directions is as follows: southeast 40 times (total ground flash intensity 3600kA), east 25 times (total ground flash intensity 2000kA), and the other 6 directions a total of 35 times (total ground flash intensity 2400kA). Therefore, the first ground flash density = 100 ÷ (2 × 5) = 10 times / km² In [year], the intensity of the first land lightning strike is 8000 ÷ 100 = 80 kA, and the density of the second land lightning strike in the southeast direction is 40 ÷ (2 × 5) = 4 strikes / km² In that year, the intensity of the second lightning strike in the southeast direction was 3600 ÷ 40 = 90 kA.

[0066] In one possible embodiment, the step of correcting the initial rolling ball radius based on the historical lightning strike data to obtain the target rolling ball radius includes: determining the third lightning density with the largest value among the plurality of second lightning densities; and calculating the target rolling ball radius based on the first lightning density, the third lightning density, and the initial rolling ball radius.

[0067] Specifically, the formula for calculating the radius of the target rolling ball is as follows: ; in, For the target rolling ball radius, For the initial rolling ball radius, First lightning density, This represents the third lightning strike density. Taking a photovoltaic power station as an example, which belongs to the third category of lightning protection buildings, based on the first mapping relationship, r = 60m is taken.

[0068] S53. Calculate and determine the lightning intensity coefficient, slope coefficient, and aspect coefficient based on the historical lightning strike data and the terrain data, respectively.

[0069] Among them, the lightning intensity coefficient is calculated based on the lightning intensity in historical lightning strike data, quantifying the actual destructive power of lightning strikes (the greater the intensity, the more the coefficient tends to strengthen protection); the slope coefficient and slope aspect coefficient are derived based on topographic data, respectively adapting to the slope undulation and slope aspect of plateau and mountainous areas and the matching degree between the direction of lightning strike flow (such as the slope aspect facing the lightning needs to strengthen protection).

[0070] In one possible embodiment, the step of calculating and determining the lightning intensity coefficient, slope coefficient, and aspect coefficient based on the historical lightning strike data and the terrain data includes: obtaining the third lightning intensity of the current installation area based on the average of the plurality of second lightning intensities; and calculating the lightning intensity coefficient based on the first lightning intensity and the third lightning intensity; determining the slope area corresponding to the slope angle and slope aspect of the first protection device based on the terrain data; calculating the slope coefficient based on the slope angle, a first empirical coefficient, and a preset second mapping relationship, wherein the second mapping relationship represents the positive correlation between the slope angle and the first empirical coefficient; determining the fourth lightning density of the slope area based on the historical lightning strike data; and obtaining the fifth lightning density of the current installation area based on the average of the plurality of second lightning densities; and calculating the aspect coefficient based on the fourth lightning density, the fifth lightning density, the second empirical coefficient, and a preset third mapping relationship, wherein the third mapping relationship represents the positive correlation between the slope angle and the second empirical coefficient.

[0071] Specifically, the formula for calculating the ground flashover intensity coefficient is as follows: ; in, I is the lightning intensity coefficient, and I is the first lightning intensity. The third type is lightning intensity. The amplitude of lightning intensity usually follows a log-normal distribution, typically between 1kA and 200kA. The vast majority of lightning currents are in the range of 10kA to 100kA. Lightning intensity can cause thermal, electromagnetic, and mechanical effects. The stronger the lightning current, the larger the protection range of the lightning rod needs to be to ensure a sufficiently high interception probability.

[0072] Specifically, the formula for calculating the slope coefficient is as follows: ; in, For slope coefficient, The first empirical coefficient, This refers to the slope angle where the first protective device is located. The slope is extracted using GIS tools or measured with a theodolite.

[0073] Among them, the first empirical coefficient The second mapping relationship between slope angle and slope angle can be found in the second mapping relationship table below: Second mapping table

[0074] It is known that the steeper the slope, the more likely the lightning leader will deviate from the vertical direction, resulting in an asymmetrical protection range. Therefore, slope correction is required.

[0075] Specifically, the formula for calculating the aspect coefficient is as follows: ; in, For slope aspect coefficient, For the second empirical coefficient, For the fourth ground flash density, This is the fifth ground flash density.

[0076] Among them, the second empirical coefficient The third mapping relationship between slope angle and slope can be found in the third mapping relationship table below: Third mapping table

[0077] It is known that the first protective device is located on the slope facing side (i.e., the side corresponding to the slope direction), and there are directions with the highest lightning density (e.g., southeast) and the lowest lightning density (e.g., northwest) within the current installation area. If the device is on the side with higher lightning density, the slope will increase the probability of a lightning strike; if it is on the side with lower lightning density, the slope will decrease the probability. Therefore, if the slope facing side of the first protective device corresponds to the direction with the highest lightning density, a "+" sign is used, meaning... If the slope of the first protective device faces the direction of minimum ground flash density, then use "-", i.e. .

[0078] In one possible embodiment, determining the fourth lightning density of the slope area based on the historical lightning strike data includes: determining the target number of lightning strikes on the slope area out of the total number of lightning strikes based on the historical lightning strike data; determining the area of ​​the slope area; and calculating the fourth lightning density of the slope area based on the target number of lightning strikes, the area of ​​the slope area, and the preset historical years.

[0079] The slope area where the protective equipment is located, such as a steep southeast-facing slope, is designated as the "slope area." For example, with a preset historical timeframe of 5 years, and the slope area being 0.5 km², if historical lightning strike data shows that the slope was hit by 30 lightning strikes within the past 5 years, then the fourth lightning strike density on that slope = 30 strikes ÷ (0.5 km² × 5 years) = 12 strikes / km². The result only reflects the frequency of lightning strikes on that slope. If the lightning density on another northwest-facing gentle slope within the same installation area is 3 strikes / km², this would be a different story. The year can visually demonstrate the difference in lightning strike risk between the two slopes.

[0080] S54. Using the target rolling ball radius, the target equipment height, and the target horizontal distance as the core parameters of the rolling ball method, and using the ground flash intensity coefficient, the slope coefficient, and the slope aspect coefficient as correction coefficients of the rolling ball method, the installation height of the first PLP lightning protection device is calculated using the rolling ball method.

[0081] Among them, the rolling sphere radius is the core calculation parameter of the traditional rolling sphere method, which is used to directly participate in the formula calculation of the rolling sphere method. The lightning intensity coefficient, slope coefficient, and aspect coefficient are additional coefficients used to correct the overall calculation formula of the rolling sphere method, incorporating the influence of historical lightning strike data and terrain data on the rolling sphere method.

[0082] In one possible embodiment, the step of calculating the installation height of the first PLP lightning protection device using the rolling sphere method includes: determining the maximum protection radius of the first PLP lightning protection device in the horizontal direction, wherein the maximum protection radius is used to determine the lightning protection range, and the maximum protection radius is a preset multiple of the installation height; A first height correlation relationship is established between the maximum protection radius, the target horizontal distance, the target rolling ball radius, the target equipment height, and the installation height based on the rolling ball method. The lightning intensity coefficient, the slope coefficient, and the aspect coefficient are used as correction coefficients for the first height correlation to obtain the second height correlation. The first height correlation and the second height correlation are characterized by mathematical formulas. The installation height of the first PLP lightning protection device is calculated based on the second height correlation.

[0083] Among them, the maximum protection radius R of the first PLP lightning protection device in the horizontal direction is equal to the installation height H of the PLP × tanθ, where θ is the rated protection angle of the PLP, which is usually 84°-86°. Among them, tan85°≈11.43 and tan84°≈9.51 are close to "10", so the maximum protection radius R is about 10 times the installation height of the PLP.

[0084] Specifically, the first-level correlation can be represented by the following formula: ; in, PLP installation height, R is the target rolling sphere radius, and R is the maximum protection radius of the first PLP surge protector, usually taken as 10 times. d represents the horizontal distance to the target. The target equipment height for the first protective device.

[0085] Optional, please refer to Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is a geometrical schematic diagram illustrating the calculation principle of PLP installation height provided in an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 6 As shown, the spatial geometric constraint relationship between the PLP and the protection device under the traditional rolling ball method is presented. In the figure, the center O of the rolling ball corresponding to the target rolling ball radius r′ is used as the reference, and R (maximum protection radius of PLP) and d (target horizontal distance between PLP and the first protection device) are marked. Core parameters such as (height of the first protective device) are clearly defined using line segments. (Vertical distance from the center of the ball to the PLP mounting base) Key geometric segments such as the vertical distance from the center of the ball to the plane where the protection device is located.

[0086] Understandably, if based on the traditional rolling ball method, the PLP installation height can be directly calculated based on the first height correlation, i.e. However, this traditional method of calculating PLP installation height does not consider the impact of complex terrain in high-altitude mountainous areas and the varying lightning strike risks in different mountainous regions on the rolling sphere method, making it impossible to obtain an accurate rolling sphere radius, and consequently, an accurate PLP installation height. Therefore, this solution modifies the traditional rolling sphere method, establishing only the PLP installation height. ,and The relationship between the formulas is not an equality relationship, and this relationship is further corrected by the lightning intensity coefficient, slope coefficient, and aspect coefficient.

[0087] Specifically, the second-level correlation can be represented by the following formula: ; in, PLP installation height, R is the target rolling sphere radius, R is the maximum protection radius of the first PLP lightning protection device, and d is the target horizontal distance. The target equipment height for the first protection device, For the lightning intensity coefficient, For slope coefficient, This is the aspect coefficient.

[0088] As can be seen, in this embodiment, the rolling sphere radius is corrected based on regional historical lightning strike data, and multiple coefficients are calculated based on regional historical lightning strike data and terrain data to correct the rolling sphere method formula, ultimately accurately calculating the installation height of each PLP, effectively improving the calculation accuracy of the PLP installation height of photovoltaic and other field stations in plateau and mountainous areas.

[0089] Step S280: Send the multiple installation locations and multiple installation heights to the user's terminal device to assist in setting up the multiple PLP surge protectors.

[0090] Optional, please refer to Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the interface of a user terminal device provided in an embodiment of this application, such as... Figure 7 As shown, the terminal device interface presents a visual interface for "PLP lightning protection device settings." The left side of the interface integrates modules such as the user center, target site information, PLP lightning protection device settings, and terminal device management via a function navigation bar, clearly indicating that the current operation focuses on PLP lightning protection device settings. The main central area is a terrain visualization interface for the target site in high-altitude mountainous areas, overlaid with positioning markers for the PLP installation locations. It simultaneously displays the corresponding PLP installation location and height parameters, directly mapping abstract calculation results to the actual terrain, solving the problem of matching parameters with actual locations in complex mountainous scenarios. The arrow in the upper right corner allows viewing details of the PLP lightning protection device installation parameters, while the 2D / 3D switching and measurement tools at the bottom enhance deployment assistance capabilities. This interface transforms the precisely calculated PLP installation parameters of this application into intuitive on-site deployment guidance. Users can intuitively determine the distribution and expected installation status of multiple PLP lightning protection devices at the target site, thereby completing the PLP installation operation and significantly improving the efficiency and accuracy of PLP lightning protection device settings in high-altitude mountainous areas.

[0091] As can be seen, in this embodiment, by combining historical lightning strike data and terrain data of the site to correct the rolling sphere radius and the rolling sphere method formula, the calculation accuracy of the PLP installation height of photovoltaic and other sites in plateau and mountainous areas is effectively improved, adapting to their complex terrain and differentiated lightning strike risks.

[0092] Please see Figure 8 , Figure 8 A functional unit block diagram of a station intelligent monitoring system provided in this application embodiment is shown below. Figure 8 As shown, the intelligent monitoring system 100 for the station includes the following units: The acquisition unit 810 is used to acquire multiple installation positions corresponding to the multiple PLP surge protection devices that are preset in advance; The processing unit 820 is configured to construct multiple installation areas corresponding to the multiple PLP lightning protection devices based on the multiple installation locations, wherein the multiple installation areas can cover the locations of the multiple protection devices within the target site; and to perform the following operations for each of the multiple installation areas to obtain multiple installation heights corresponding to the multiple PLP lightning protection devices: acquiring historical lightning strike data corresponding to the current installation area, wherein the historical lightning strike data includes ground flash density, ground flash intensity, and ground flash flow direction within a preset historical period, wherein the ground flash flow direction represents the direction of the incoming flow when the lightning strike occurs; determining the first protection device with the longest horizontal distance from the first PLP lightning protection device corresponding to the current installation area; acquiring the terrain data of the location of the first protection device, the target device height, and the target horizontal distance between the first protection device and the first PLP lightning protection device; and calculating the installation height of the first PLP lightning protection device based on the rolling sphere method according to the historical lightning strike data, the terrain data, the target device height, and the target horizontal distance. The sending unit 830 is used to send the multiple installation locations and multiple installation heights to the user's terminal equipment to assist in completing the setting operation of the multiple PLP surge protectors.

[0093] In one embodiment, the step of calculating the installation height of the first PLP lightning protection device based on the rolling sphere method using the historical lightning strike data, the terrain data, the target equipment height, and the target horizontal distance includes: determining an initial rolling sphere radius based on the rolling sphere method, wherein the rolling sphere radius is associated with the protection range of the PLP lightning protection device; correcting the initial rolling sphere radius based on the historical lightning strike data to obtain a target rolling sphere radius; calculating and determining the ground flash intensity coefficient, slope coefficient, and aspect coefficient based on the historical lightning strike data and the terrain data respectively; using the target rolling sphere radius, the target equipment height, and the target horizontal distance as the core parameters of the rolling sphere method, and using the ground flash intensity coefficient, the slope coefficient, and the aspect coefficient as correction coefficients of the rolling sphere method, and using the rolling sphere method to calculate the installation height of the first PLP lightning protection device.

[0094] In one embodiment, calculating the installation height of the first PLP lightning protection device using the rolling sphere method includes: determining the maximum protection radius of the first PLP lightning protection device in the horizontal direction, the maximum protection radius being used to determine the lightning protection range, and the maximum protection radius being a preset multiple of the installation height; constructing a first height correlation relationship between the maximum protection radius, the target horizontal distance, the target rolling sphere radius, the target equipment height, and the installation height based on the rolling sphere method; using the ground flash intensity coefficient, the slope coefficient, and the aspect coefficient as correction coefficients for the first height correlation relationship to obtain a second height correlation relationship, the first height correlation relationship and the second height correlation relationship being characterized by mathematical formulas; and calculating the installation height of the first PLP lightning protection device based on the second height correlation relationship.

[0095] In one embodiment, before correcting the initial rolling ball radius based on the historical lightning strike data to obtain the target rolling ball radius, the method includes: determining, based on the historical lightning strike data, the total number of ground flashes in the current installation area within a preset historical period, as well as multiple ground flash intensities and multiple ground flash flow directions corresponding to the multiple ground flashes, wherein the ground flash flow directions include east, northeast, north, northwest, west, southwest, south, and southeast; obtaining a first ground flash density in the current installation area based on the total number of ground flashes, the area of ​​the current installation area, and the preset historical period; obtaining a first ground flash intensity in the current installation area based on the multiple ground flash intensities and the total number of ground flashes; determining multiple sub-ground flashes and multiple sub-ground flash intensities corresponding to different ground flash flow directions among the multiple ground flash flow directions; obtaining multiple second ground flash densities in the current installation area in different ground flash flow directions based on the multiple sub-ground flashes, the area, and the preset historical period; and obtaining multiple second ground flash intensities in the current installation area in different ground flash flow directions based on the multiple sub-ground flash intensities and the multiple sub-ground flashes.

[0096] In one embodiment, the initial rolling sphere radius is obtained according to a preset first mapping relationship, which characterizes the correspondence between the lightning protection level of the protection device and the rolling sphere radius; the step of correcting the initial rolling sphere radius according to the historical lightning strike data to obtain the target rolling sphere radius includes: determining the third lightning density with the largest value among the plurality of second lightning densities; and calculating the target rolling sphere radius according to the first lightning density, the third lightning density, and the initial rolling sphere radius.

[0097] In one embodiment, the step of calculating and determining the lightning intensity coefficient, slope coefficient, and aspect coefficient based on the historical lightning strike data and the terrain data includes: obtaining the third lightning intensity of the current installation area based on the average of the plurality of second lightning intensities; and calculating the lightning intensity coefficient based on the first lightning intensity and the third lightning intensity; determining the slope area corresponding to the slope angle and slope aspect of the first protection device based on the terrain data; calculating the slope coefficient based on the slope angle, a first empirical coefficient, and a preset second mapping relationship, wherein the second mapping relationship represents the positive correlation between the slope angle and the first empirical coefficient; determining the fourth lightning density of the slope area based on the historical lightning strike data; and obtaining the fifth lightning density of the current installation area based on the average of the plurality of second lightning densities; and calculating the aspect coefficient based on the fourth lightning density, the fifth lightning density, the second empirical coefficient, and a preset third mapping relationship, wherein the third mapping relationship represents the positive correlation between the slope angle and the second empirical coefficient.

[0098] In one embodiment, determining the fourth ground flash density of the slope area based on the historical lightning strike data includes: determining the target number of lightning strikes on the slope area out of the total number of ground flashes based on the historical lightning strike data; determining the area of ​​the slope area; and calculating the fourth ground flash density of the slope area based on the target number of ground flashes, the area of ​​the slope area, and the preset historical years.

[0099] In one embodiment, constructing multiple installation areas corresponding to the multiple PLP surge protectors based on the multiple installation locations includes: obtaining a pre-set initial regular area shape and initial area size; obtaining device parameters of the multiple PLP surge protectors, including a maximum installation height; adjusting the initial area size based on the maximum installation height to obtain a target area size, wherein the maximum installation height is positively correlated with the target area size; obtaining the terrain location information of the target site; constructing multiple installation areas corresponding to the multiple PLP surge protectors based on the multiple installation locations as area construction benchmarks, according to the initial regular area shape, the target area size, and the terrain location information; and detecting that the multiple installation areas can cover the locations of the multiple protection devices within the target site.

[0100] As can be seen, in this embodiment, by combining PLP device parameters with site terrain information to construct an appropriate installation area, then correcting the rolling sphere radius based on historical lightning strike data of the area, and calculating multiple coefficients based on historical lightning strike data and terrain data of the area to correct the rolling sphere method formula, the installation height of each PLP is finally accurately calculated, which effectively improves the calculation accuracy of PLP installation height in high-altitude and mountainous photovoltaic sites, and adapts to their complex terrain and differentiated lightning strike risks.

[0101] Figure 9 This is a structural block diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 9 As shown, electronic device 900 may include one or more of the following components: processor 901 and memory 902 coupled to processor 901, wherein memory 902 may store one or more computer programs, which may be configured to implement the methods described in the examples above when executed by one or more processors 901.

[0102] Processor 901 may include one or more processing cores. Processor 901 connects to various parts within the electronic device 900 using various interfaces and lines, and performs various functions and processes data of the electronic device 900 by running or executing instructions, programs, code sets, or instruction sets stored in memory 902, and by calling data stored in memory 902. Optionally, processor 901 may be implemented using at least one hardware form of Digital Signal Processing (DSP), Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), or Programmable Logic Array (PLA). Processor 901 may integrate one or more of the following: Central Processing Unit (CPU), Graphics Processing Unit (GPU), and modem. It is understood that the aforementioned modem may also not be integrated into processor 901, but may be implemented separately through a communication chip.

[0103] The memory 902 may include random access memory (RAM) or read-only memory (ROM). The memory 902 can be used to store instructions, programs, code, code sets, or instruction sets. The memory 902 may include a program storage area and a data storage area. The program storage area may store instructions for implementing an operating system, instructions for implementing at least one function (such as touch functionality, sound playback functionality, image playback functionality, etc.), and instructions for implementing the above-described method examples. The data storage area may also store data created during the use of the electronic device 900.

[0104] It is understood that the electronic device 900 may include more or fewer structural elements than those shown in the above block diagram, such as a power module, physical buttons, WiFi (Wireless Fidelity) module, speaker, Bluetooth module, sensor, etc., without limitation.

[0105] This application also provides a computer storage medium storing a computer program / instructions thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements some or all of the steps of any of the methods described in the above method embodiments.

[0106] This application also provides a computer program product, which includes a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program operable to cause a computer to perform some or all of the steps of any of the methods described in the above method embodiments.

[0107] It should be understood that in the various embodiments of this application, the order of the above-mentioned processes does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0108] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed methods, apparatuses, and systems can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for example, the division of units is merely a logical functional division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation; for example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0109] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0110] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present invention can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can be physically comprised separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit described above can be implemented in hardware or in the form of hardware plus software functional units.

[0111] The integrated units implemented as software functional units described above can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. These software functional units, stored in a storage medium, include several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute partial steps of the methods of the various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: a USB flash drive, a portable hard drive, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, volatile memory, or non-volatile memory. The non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or flash memory. The volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache. By way of example, but not limitation, many forms of random access memory (RAM) are available, such as static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous DRAM (DDRSDRAM), enhanced synchronous DRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous link DRAM (SLDRAM), and direct rambus RAM (DRRAM), etc., which are various media capable of storing program code.

[0112] While the present invention has been disclosed above, it is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of variations or substitutions without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and various modifications and alterations can be made, including combinations of the different functions and implementation steps described above, as well as software and hardware implementation methods, all of which are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for determining the installation height of a plateau mountain PLP, characterized in that, A server for a site intelligent monitoring system applied to a target site, wherein the target site includes multiple PLP lightning protection devices and multiple protection devices requiring lightning protection; the method includes: Obtain the multiple installation locations corresponding to the pre-set multiple PLP surge protection devices; Based on the multiple installation locations, construct multiple installation areas corresponding to the multiple PLP lightning protection devices, and the multiple installation areas can cover the locations of the multiple protection devices within the target site; For each of the multiple installation areas, the following operations are performed to obtain multiple installation heights corresponding to the multiple PLP surge protectors: Obtain historical lightning strike data corresponding to the current installation area. The historical lightning strike data includes lightning density, lightning intensity, and lightning flow direction within a preset historical period. The lightning flow direction represents the flow direction when the lightning strike occurs. Determine the first protection device with the longest horizontal distance from the first PLP lightning protection device corresponding to the current installation area; Acquire the terrain data of the location of the first protection device and the height of the target device, as well as the target horizontal distance between the first protection device and the first PLP lightning protection device; Based on the historical lightning strike data, the terrain data, the height of the target equipment, and the horizontal distance to the target, the installation height of the first PLP lightning protection device is calculated using the rolling sphere method. Send the multiple installation locations and multiple installation heights to the user's terminal equipment to assist in setting up the multiple PLP surge protectors.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The step of calculating the installation height of the first PLP lightning protection device based on the historical lightning strike data, the terrain data, the height of the target equipment, and the horizontal distance to the target using the rolling sphere method includes: The initial rolling sphere radius is determined according to the rolling sphere method, and the rolling sphere radius is associated with the protection range of the PLP lightning protection device. The initial rolling ball radius is corrected based on the historical lightning strike data to obtain the target rolling ball radius; The lightning intensity coefficient, slope coefficient, and aspect coefficient are calculated and determined based on the historical lightning strike data and the terrain data, respectively. The target rolling sphere radius, the target equipment height, and the target horizontal distance are used as the core parameters of the rolling sphere method, and the ground flash intensity coefficient, the slope coefficient, and the slope aspect coefficient are used as correction coefficients of the rolling sphere method. The installation height of the first PLP lightning protection device is calculated using the rolling sphere method.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein, The calculation of the installation height of the first PLP lightning protection device using the rolling sphere method includes: Determine the maximum protection radius of the first PLP lightning protection device in the horizontal direction. The maximum protection radius is used to determine the lightning protection range. The maximum protection radius is a preset multiple of the installation height. A first height correlation relationship is established between the maximum protection radius, the target horizontal distance, the target rolling ball radius, the target equipment height, and the installation height based on the rolling ball method. The ground flash intensity coefficient, the slope coefficient and the slope direction coefficient are taken as correction coefficients of the first height correlation relationship, to obtain a second height correlation relationship, and the first height correlation relationship and the second height correlation relationship are represented by mathematical formulas; The installation height of the first PLP lightning protection device is calculated according to the second height correlation relationship.

4. The method of claim 2, wherein, Before the initial rolling sphere radius is corrected according to the historical lightning stroke data to obtain a target rolling sphere radius, the method comprises: According to the historical lightning stroke data, total ground flash times of the current installation area and a plurality of ground flash intensities and a plurality of ground flash current directions corresponding to a plurality of ground flashes in the preset historical time period are determined, and the ground flash current directions comprise east, northeast, north, northwest, west, southwest, south and southeast. A first ground flash density of the current installation area is obtained according to the total ground flash times and the area of the current installation area and the preset historical time period. A first ground flash intensity of the current installation area is obtained according to the plurality of ground flash intensities and the total ground flash times. A plurality of sub ground flash times and a plurality of sub ground flash intensities corresponding to different ground flash current directions in the plurality of ground flash current directions are determined. A plurality of second ground flash densities of the current installation area in the different ground flash current directions are obtained according to the plurality of sub ground flash times, the area and the preset historical time period. A plurality of second ground flash intensities of the current installation area in the different ground flash current directions are obtained according to the plurality of sub ground flash intensities and the plurality of sub ground flash times.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein, The initial rolling sphere radius is obtained according to a preset first mapping relationship, and the first mapping relationship represents a corresponding relationship between a lightning protection level of the protection device and a rolling sphere radius. The initial rolling sphere radius is corrected according to the historical lightning stroke data to obtain a target rolling sphere radius, which comprises: A third ground flash density with the maximum value in the plurality of second ground flash densities is determined. The target rolling sphere radius is calculated according to the first ground flash density, the third ground flash density and the initial rolling sphere radius.

6. The method of claim 4, wherein, The ground flash intensity coefficient, the slope coefficient and the slope direction coefficient are determined according to the historical lightning stroke data and the terrain data, which comprises: A third ground flash intensity of the current installation area is obtained according to an average value of the plurality of second ground flash intensities, and the ground flash intensity coefficient is calculated according to the first ground flash intensity and the third ground flash intensity; A slope area corresponding to a slope angle and a slope direction of the first protection device is determined according to the terrain data; The slope coefficient is calculated according to the slope angle, a first empirical coefficient and a preset second mapping relationship, and the second mapping relationship represents a positive correlation between the slope angle and the first empirical coefficient; A fourth ground flash density of the slope area is determined according to the historical lightning stroke data, and a fifth ground flash density of the current installation area is obtained according to an average value of the plurality of second ground flash densities. The slope aspect coefficient is calculated according to the fourth ground flash density, the fifth ground flash density, the second empirical coefficient and a preset third mapping relationship, and the third mapping relationship represents a positive correlation between the slope angle and the second empirical coefficient.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein, The fourth ground flash density of the slope surface area is determined according to the historical lightning stroke data, including: The target ground flash number of the slope surface area struck by lightning is determined according to the historical lightning stroke data from the total ground flash number; The area of the slope surface area is determined; The fourth ground flash density of the slope surface area is calculated according to the target ground flash number, the area of the slope surface area and the preset historical period.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The multiple installation areas corresponding to the multiple PLP lightning protection devices are constructed according to the multiple installation positions, including: An initial rule area shape and an initial area size are obtained in advance; Device parameters of the multiple PLP lightning protection devices are obtained, and the device parameters include a maximum installation height; The initial area size is adjusted according to the maximum installation height to obtain a target area size, and the maximum installation height and the target area size are in a positive correlation; Topographic position information of the target site is obtained; The multiple installation areas corresponding to the multiple PLP lightning protection devices are constructed according to the initial rule area shape, the target area size and the topographic position information, with the multiple installation positions as the areas respectively as a reference; It is detected that the multiple installation areas can cover positions of the multiple protection devices in the target site.

9. A yard intelligence monitoring system, characterized by, The system includes a target site including multiple PLP lightning protection devices and multiple protection devices with lightning protection needs, and the system includes: An acquisition unit is configured to obtain multiple installation positions corresponding to the multiple PLP lightning protection devices preset in advance; A processing unit is configured to construct multiple installation areas corresponding to the multiple PLP lightning protection devices according to the multiple installation positions, and the multiple installation areas can cover positions of the multiple protection devices in the target site; for the multiple installation areas, the following operations are performed respectively to obtain multiple installation heights corresponding to the multiple PLP lightning protection devices: obtaining historical lightning stroke data corresponding to a current installation area, the historical lightning stroke data including ground flash density, ground flash intensity and ground flash inflow direction in a preset historical period, the ground flash inflow direction representing an inflow direction when lightning strikes; determining a first protection device with a farthest horizontal distance from a first PLP lightning protection device corresponding to the area in a current installation area; obtaining topographic data and a target device height of the first protection device, and a target horizontal distance between the first protection device and the first PLP lightning protection device; according to the historical lightning stroke data, the topographic data, the target device height and the target horizontal distance, an installation height of the first PLP lightning protection device is calculated based on a rolling ball method; A sending unit is configured to send the multiple installation positions and the multiple installation heights to a terminal device of a user to assist in completing a setting operation of the multiple PLP lightning protection devices.

10. An electronic device, comprising: including: a processor, a memory, a communication interface, and one or more programs; the one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor, the programs comprising instructions for performing the steps in the method of any of claims 1-8.

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