Loess mountainous area buried pipeline landslide disaster monitoring and early warning system and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of pipeline monitoring, and discloses a loess mountainous area buried pipeline landslide disaster monitoring and early warning system and method.The loess mountainous area buried pipeline landslide disaster monitoring and early warning system comprises a monitoring system module, a data transmission system module and an early warning system module; inductive factors, pipeline deformation and landslide displacement are monitored through the monitoring system module, rainfall data, deformation data and landslide displacement data are obtained, and then the monitoring data are transmitted to the early warning system module in real time through the data transmission system module. The early warning system module judges the landslide disaster risk level according to the received monitoring data and sends out an early warning signal of the corresponding level, high-precision, real-time and all-weather monitoring can be carried out on a disaster point, the micro-deformation condition of the disaster point can be mastered in time, alarming of different levels is carried out according to the deformation degree, graded monitoring, graded early warning and graded risk avoiding are achieved, and the safety of the landslide disaster is improved. And effective disaster prevention and reduction effects are achieved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of pipeline monitoring, and particularly relates to a landslide disaster monitoring and early warning system and method for buried pipelines in loess mountainous areas. BACKGROUND

[0002] Buried pipelines generally pass through loess plateau areas, cross mountains and ridges, and the terrain is changeable. The buried pipelines are arranged according to the terrain, and in particular, the mountain landslides in the rainy season in northern Shaanxi are prone to cause displacement and stretching of the buried pipelines, and there is a risk of damage and leakage. The current data acquisition and supervisory control system (SCADA) provides pipeline flow, pressure, temperature and other data, which is monitored by methods such as flow or pressure change, mass or volume balance, dynamic model and pressure point analysis software to monitor the displacement of the oil pipeline. However, the software method cannot monitor the pipeline displacement as soon as possible. Manual inspection is direct and accurate, but it consumes a large amount of manpower and has poor real-time performance. The conventional monitoring equipment is mature in technology, high in precision and real-time in data transmission, but it requires a large amount of construction along the pipeline.

[0003] In combination with the actual cases of pipeline landslide monitoring and early warning at home and abroad, it is found that the research on the monitoring and early warning technology of buried oil and gas gathering and transportation pipelines in the mountain landslide area needs to be based on the local geological landslide law, combined with the precise positioning system, and the safety threshold of pipeline stress failure and strain failure is determined, and on this basis, the buried pipeline early warning program is designed to achieve the effect of effective disaster prevention and reduction. At present, the existing research in China only starts from a single angle, cannot achieve precise grading monitoring and early warning of the displacement of buried pipelines, and has not been refined. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to overcome the above problems, provide a landslide disaster monitoring and early warning system and method for buried pipelines in loess mountainous areas, construct a landslide displacement monitoring and disaster early warning system for buried pipelines in loess mountainous areas, and can monitor the micro-deformation of the oil and gas pipeline landslide risk point, achieve high-precision, real-time and all-weather monitoring of the disaster point, timely grasp the micro-deformation of the disaster point, and perform different grade alarms according to the deformation degree.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application adopts the following technical scheme:

[0006] In the first aspect, the present application provides a landslide disaster monitoring and early warning system for buried pipelines in loess mountainous areas, which comprises a monitoring system module, a data transmission system module and an early warning system module.

[0007] The monitoring system module is used for monitoring the inducing factors, pipeline deformation and landslide displacement to obtain rainfall data, deformation data and landslide displacement data.

[0008] The data transmission system module is used for transmitting the rainfall data, deformation data and landslide displacement data to the early warning system module in real time.

[0009] The early warning system module is used to determine the landslide disaster risk level based on the received rainfall data, deformation data, and landslide displacement data, and to issue an early warning signal of the corresponding level.

[0010] A further improvement of the present invention is that the monitoring system module includes an automatic rain gauge, a strain gauge, a fiber Bragg grating, and a Beidou detector, wherein the automatic rain gauge is used to monitor rainfall, the strain gauge and the fiber Bragg grating are used to monitor pipeline deformation, and the Beidou detector is used to monitor landslide displacement.

[0011] A further improvement of the present invention is that the monitoring system module is powered by a solar power system.

[0012] A further improvement of the present invention is that the data transmission system module includes a multi-channel data demodulator and a Beidou satellite communication system, which is used to demodulate the monitoring data and transmit it to the wireless receiving device through the Beidou satellite communication system.

[0013] A further improvement of the present invention is that the early warning system module includes early warning software, which analyzes the early warning level based on the preset correspondence between landslide surface displacement and leakage consequences and safety thresholds, and automatically issues early warnings via SMS, email or sound and light.

[0014] The warning levels include attention level, alert level, and monitoring level.

[0015] Secondly, the present invention also provides a method for monitoring and early warning of landslide disasters caused by buried pipelines in loess mountainous areas, comprising the following steps:

[0016] The inducing factors, pipeline deformation, and landslide displacement were monitored to obtain rainfall data, deformation data, and landslide displacement data.

[0017] Rainfall data, deformation data, and landslide displacement data are transmitted to the early warning system module in real time;

[0018] Based on the received rainfall data, deformation data, and landslide displacement data, the risk level of landslide disaster is determined, and an early warning signal of the corresponding level is issued.

[0019] A further improvement of this invention is that it also includes using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Geographic Information System (GIS) to classify the risk level of the study area, including low-risk, medium-risk, and high-risk plots.

[0020] A further improvement of this invention is that it also includes determining the early warning range of pipeline leakage consequences, and combining landslide displacement, pipeline deformation and leakage consequence evaluation model to comprehensively assess the safety level of landslide disaster.

[0021] A further improvement of the present invention is that the early warning signal is divided into attention level, warning level and alarm level, which correspond to different landslide disaster risk levels.

[0022] A further improvement of this invention is that it also includes establishing a detailed geological hazard risk ledger along the pipeline, classifying different pipeline landslide hazards for safety, and constructing a comprehensive early warning system.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] This invention employs a monitoring system module to monitor inducing factors, pipeline deformation, and landslide displacement in real time, obtaining rainfall, deformation, and landslide displacement data. This data is then transmitted in real time to an early warning system module via a data transmission system module. The early warning system module determines the landslide disaster risk level based on the received data and issues corresponding warning signals. This invention enables high-precision, real-time, and all-weather monitoring of disaster sites, timely understanding of micro-deformation at disaster sites, and different levels of alarms based on the degree of deformation, achieving graded monitoring, graded early warning, and graded evacuation, thus achieving effective disaster prevention and mitigation. Attached Figure Description

[0025] The accompanying drawings described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way. Furthermore, the shapes and proportions of the components in the drawings are merely illustrative to aid in understanding the invention and do not specifically limit the shapes and proportions of the components of the invention.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the landslide disaster monitoring and early warning system for buried pipelines in the Loess Plateau region according to the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the monitoring and early warning method for landslide disasters caused by buried pipelines in the Loess Plateau region according to the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a landslide disaster monitoring and early warning system for buried pipelines in the Loess Plateau region, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 4 This is a monitoring and early warning matrix diagram for landslide disasters caused by buried pipelines in the Loess Plateau region, as presented in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0031] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0032] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0033] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "horizontal," or "inner" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of the invention is in use, they are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. Furthermore, terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0034] Furthermore, the use of the term "horizontal" does not imply that the component must be absolutely horizontal, but rather that it can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0035] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0036] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0037] like Figure 1As shown, the present invention provides a monitoring and early warning system for landslide disasters caused by buried pipelines in loess mountainous areas, including a monitoring system module, a data transmission system module, and an early warning system module;

[0038] The monitoring system module is used to monitor inducing factors, pipeline deformation and landslide displacement, and obtain rainfall data, deformation data and landslide displacement data;

[0039] The data transmission system module is used to transmit rainfall data, deformation data, and landslide displacement data to the early warning system module in real time.

[0040] The early warning system module is used to determine the landslide disaster risk level based on the received rainfall data, deformation data, and landslide displacement data, and to issue an early warning signal of the corresponding level.

[0041] The monitoring system module includes an automatic rain gauge, strain gauges, fiber Bragg gratings, and a Beidou detector. The automatic rain gauge is used to monitor rainfall, the strain gauges and fiber Bragg gratings are used to monitor pipeline deformation, and the Beidou detector is used to monitor landslide displacement. The core component is to determine the early warning thresholds for each level of buried pipeline and establish the correspondence between rainfall and landslide deformation, landslide deformation and pipeline deformation, and pipeline deformation and landslide surface displacement, thereby refining and realizing accurate hierarchical monitoring and early warning of buried pipeline displacement.

[0042] Preferably, the automatic rain gauge is placed in an open and stable area with an unobstructed 45° upward angle above it to ensure that the rain inlet of the receiver is horizontal; the strain gauges are distributed according to the strain law of the pipeline and the dangerous points of the pipeline; the Beidou detector first determines the positioning coordinates of the detection point, and then uses the throwing type delivery mode.

[0043] The monitoring system module is powered by a solar power system, ensuring long-term independent operation.

[0044] The data transmission system module includes a multi-channel data demodulator and a BeiDou satellite communication system, which is used to demodulate the monitoring data and transmit it to the wireless receiving device through the BeiDou satellite communication system.

[0045] The early warning system module includes early warning software. The early warning software analyzes the early warning level based on the preset correspondence between landslide surface displacement and leakage consequences and safety thresholds, and automatically issues early warnings via SMS, email or sound and light. The early warning levels include attention level, warning level and monitoring level.

[0046] like Figure 2 As shown, this invention provides a method for monitoring and early warning of landslide disasters caused by buried pipelines in loess mountainous areas, comprising the following steps:

[0047] S1 monitors inducing factors, pipeline deformation, and landslide displacement to obtain rainfall data, deformation data, and landslide displacement data;

[0048] S2 transmits rainfall data, deformation data, and landslide displacement data to the early warning system module in real time;

[0049] S3. Based on the received rainfall data, deformation data, and landslide displacement data, determine the landslide disaster risk level and issue a corresponding warning signal. The warning signals are divided into attention level (green), warning level (blue), and alarm level (purple), which correspond to different landslide disaster risk levels.

[0050] It also includes using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Geographic Information System (GIS) to classify the risk levels of the study area, including low-risk, medium-risk, and high-risk areas. The influencing factors of risky geological hazards mainly include engineering lithology, topography, hydrological conditions, land cover, geological structure, earthquakes, and rainfall.

[0051] It also includes determining the early warning range for pipeline leakage consequences, and comprehensively assessing the safety level of landslide disasters as leakage consequence I, leakage consequence II, and leakage consequence III by combining landslide displacement, pipeline deformation, and leakage consequence evaluation models.

[0052] This also includes establishing a detailed geological hazard risk ledger along the pipeline route, classifying different pipeline landslide hazards for safety, and constructing a comprehensive early warning system. Specifically, this involves constructing an early warning matrix by combining the early warning thresholds for buried pipelines in the Loess Plateau region, the AHP analysis method, and the risk zones and early warning intervals for buried pipeline leakage consequences defined by the GIS system. This allows for the classification of different pipeline landslide hazards for safety and ultimately the construction of a comprehensive early warning system.

[0053] Example

[0054] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, a method for monitoring and early warning of landslide disasters caused by buried pipelines in loess mountainous areas includes the following steps:

[0055] S1, Monitoring scheme design. Generally, pipeline landslides can be divided into three aspects according to the different monitoring contents: monitoring of inducing factors, monitoring of pipeline deformation and monitoring of landslide displacement. Based on different monitoring needs, a multi-level monitoring system for pipeline landslide disasters is constructed, and three levels of monitoring schemes are divided, and monitoring parameters and monitoring equipment are selected for each level of monitoring scheme.

[0056] 1) The layout of monitoring equipment should be able to monitor the deformation of the entire landslide. The installation and layout of the monitoring devices should be reliable, stable, continuous and accurate. The reference equipment in the monitoring devices should be installed in a stable area outside the landslide's influence range.

[0057] 2) After determining the monitoring content, select appropriate monitoring methods and corresponding monitoring equipment. The monitoring methods need to meet the basic accuracy, transmission time, and heat transfer reliability requirements of pipeline landslide monitoring. The selection principle for monitoring equipment is: high cost performance, convenient maintenance, simple installation, and not easily damaged.

[0058] 3) The monitoring area is located in a mountainous area where power transmission lines cannot be used. Therefore, the energy supply of the equipment needs to be considered to ensure its long-term independent operation. When the landslide is in a uniform development stage, the development time is relatively long and long-term monitoring is required. The inspection personnel may be affected by weather and other factors. Therefore, the monitoring equipment also needs to have the function of data transmission.

[0059] S2. Based on the design principles of pipeline landslide monitoring schemes and considering the monitoring requirements of each scheme, monitoring parameters were selected for each level of monitoring scheme. The monitoring parameters for different schemes are shown in Table 1.

[0060] Table 1 Monitoring parameters for different monitoring schemes

[0061] S3, Determine the pipeline deformation safety threshold. To ensure the safe and stable operation of the pipeline, it is necessary to determine the tensile strain ε. tf ε compressive strain cf The three types of deformation—elliptic deformation (Δθ)—are reasonably limited to ensure that each strain is within a safe threshold. Based on the development of the disaster body and the engineering lithology, three warning thresholds (blue, orange, and red) are set in three dimensions. The warning thresholds for the allowable variation of pipeline stress range and landslide displacement are shown in Table 2.

[0062] Table 2. Pipeline stress range and landslide displacement variation tolerance warning threshold

[0063] S4. The study area is divided into low-risk, medium-risk, and high-risk plots. The influencing factors of geological hazards are identified, including engineering lithology, topography (slope height, slope, slope shape, slope structure), hydrological conditions (distance from water system, humidity), surface cover (vegetation coverage), geological structure, earthquakes (fault distance, earthquake intensity), and rainfall. Based on the actual situation of the refined oil pipeline route in the study area, the above influencing factors are analyzed, and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is used to determine the geological hazard-prone sections and high-risk points. The low-risk, medium-risk, and high-risk areas are identified using the Geographic Information System (GIS), and a detailed geological hazard risk ledger along the pipeline is established.

[0064] S5. Determine the early warning range for pipeline leakage consequences and study the safety level of pipeline landslides. The consequences of disasters must be included in the calculation range. The consequences will evaluate the economic and personnel losses caused by pipeline failure and give a reasonable safety level. Referring to the failure consequence evaluation model established in the "Risk Management Manual", the consequence evaluation of the failure of the gathering and transportation pipeline is E = PH × SP × RC. The leakage consequence early warning range division table is shown in Table 3.

[0065] Table 3. Leakage Consequence Warning Range Division Table

[0066]

[0067] S6, combining the various early warning thresholds for buried pipelines in the Loess Plateau region, AHP analysis, and risk zones and early warning intervals for buried pipeline leakage consequences defined by the GIS system, constructs an early warning matrix to classify different pipeline landslide disasters for safety, ultimately building a comprehensive early warning system. Based on the "Oil and Gas Pipeline Integrity Management Standard," it is divided into three early warning levels: Attention Level (green), Warning Level (blue), and Alarm Level (purple). The pipeline landslide risk matrix diagram is shown in Table 4.

[0068] Table 4 Pipeline Landslide Risk Matrix

[0069]

[0070] Attention Level (Green): The landslide is in the initial stage of low-speed deformation, the pipeline is in the elastic deformation stage, and there are generally no particularly important facilities or densely populated areas around the pipeline. At this time, the landslide displacement rate is small and the pipeline is under stable stress. This warning level is Attention Level, which is the safest level. Patrol personnel only need to conduct regular inspections to ensure the normal operation of the underground pipeline.

[0071] Warning level (blue): The landslide has begun to enter the uniform acceleration stage, and the pipeline has also begun to reach the elastic deformation limit and enter the plastic deformation period. The entire pipeline landslide system has become unstable and there is a possibility of sudden deformation. The pipeline has suffered irreversible damage, and the displacement rate of the landslide zone is gradually increasing. Simple monitoring and protection are required.

[0072] Monitoring Level (Purple): The landslide enters the accelerated deformation stage, and the deformation rate further increases. It usually undergoes rapid deformation within a year. At this time, the pipeline is under continuous stress and begins to enter the strengthening stage. At this time, the pipeline under the influence of the landslide is very likely to break and leak, causing significant casualties and property damage. More stringent monitoring methods and emergency prevention and control measures are needed to minimize the losses caused by the disaster.

[0073] S7, Design of Pipeline Landslide Disaster Monitoring and Early Warning System: Based on the existing multi-level monitoring and early warning system and combined with data transmission technology, a general monitoring and early warning system is designed. The monitoring and early warning system mainly includes a monitoring system, a data transmission system, and an early warning system.

[0074] Monitoring system: The monitoring instruments installed on the pipelines and landslide bodies constitute the on-site monitoring system, which is powered by a solar power system;

[0075] Data transmission system: The monitoring data is demodulated by a multi-channel data demodulator, stored in the lower-level machine, and transmitted through a wireless transmission module;

[0076] Early warning system: The system uses pipeline landslide monitoring and early warning software to process the data and analyze the early warning level before automatically issuing warnings via SMS, email, or audio-visual means.

[0077] Many embodiments and applications beyond the examples provided will be apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the foregoing description. Therefore, the scope of this teaching should not be determined by reference to the foregoing description, but rather by reference to the foregoing claims and the full scope of their equivalents. For purposes of completeness, all articles and references, including patent applications and publications, are incorporated herein by reference. The omission of any aspect of the subject matter disclosed herein in the foregoing claims is not intended as a waiver of that subject matter, nor should it be construed as an indication that the applicant has not considered that subject matter as part of the disclosed inventive subject matter.

[0078] The above content provides a further detailed description of the present invention. It should not be construed that the specific embodiments of the present invention are limited to this. For those skilled in the art, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and all such deductions or substitutions should be considered to fall within the scope of protection of the present invention as defined by the submitted claims.

Claims

1. A loess mountainous area buried pipeline landslide disaster monitoring and early warning system, characterized in that, The monitoring system module, the data transmission system module and the early warning system module are included. The monitoring system module is used for monitoring induced factors, pipeline deformation and landslide displacement to obtain rainfall data, deformation data and landslide displacement data. The data transmission system module is used for transmitting rainfall data, deformation data and landslide displacement data to the early warning system module in real time. The early warning system module is used for judging landslide disaster risk level according to received rainfall data, deformation data and landslide displacement data and issuing early warning signals of corresponding levels.

2. The loess mountainous area buried pipeline landslide disaster monitoring and early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The monitoring system module includes automatic rain gauges, strain gauges, fiber Bragg gratings and Beidou detectors, wherein the automatic rain gauges are used for monitoring rainfall, the strain gauges and fiber Bragg gratings are used for monitoring pipeline deformation, and the Beidou detectors are used for monitoring landslide displacement.

3. The loess mountainous area buried pipeline landslide disaster monitoring and early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The monitoring system module is powered by a solar power supply system.

4. The loess mountainous area buried pipeline landslide disaster monitoring and early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data transmission system module includes a multi-channel data demodulator and a Beidou satellite communication system, which is used for transmitting demodulated monitoring data to a wireless receiving device through the Beidou satellite communication system.

5. The loess mountainous area buried pipeline landslide disaster monitoring and early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The early warning system module includes early warning software, which analyzes early warning levels according to a preset correspondence between rainfall, landslide deformation, pipeline deformation, landslide surface displacement and leakage consequences and safety thresholds, and automatically issues early warning through SMS, email or sound and light. The early warning levels include attention level, warning level and monitoring level.

6. A loess mountainous area buried pipeline landslide disaster monitoring and early warning method, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: Monitoring induced factors, pipeline deformation and landslide displacement to obtain rainfall data, deformation data and landslide displacement data. Transmitting rainfall data, deformation data and landslide displacement data to the early warning system module in real time. Judging landslide disaster risk level according to received rainfall data, deformation data and landslide displacement data and issuing early warning signals of corresponding levels.

7. The loess mountainous area buried pipeline landslide disaster monitoring and early warning method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The method further includes dividing the risk level of the research area by using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and geographic information system (GIS), including low-risk, medium-risk and high-risk plots.

8. The loess mountainous area buried pipeline landslide disaster monitoring and early warning method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The method further includes determining the pipeline leakage consequence early warning interval, combining the landslide displacement, pipeline deformation and leakage consequence evaluation model, and comprehensively evaluating the safety level of landslide disasters.

9. The loess mountainous area buried pipeline landslide disaster monitoring and early warning method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The early warning signals are divided into attention level, warning level and alarm level, which correspond to different landslide disaster risk levels.

10. The loess mountainous area buried pipeline landslide disaster monitoring and early warning method according to any one of claims 6-9, characterized in that, The method further includes establishing a detailed pipeline along-line geological disaster risk account to classify the safety of different pipeline landslide disasters and build a perfect early warning system.

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