Engine and control method

Abstract

The invention discloses an engine and a control method. A waste heat power generation device is wrapped outside the miniature nuclear reactor, in the aero-engine, an air plasma generator converts heated air into air plasmas, and a rotating magnetic field generated by an air plasma accelerator coil accelerates the air plasmas. Fuel oil or solid fuel ejected by the fuel oil or solid fuel ejector is heated and ignited, is fully combusted, and is ejected from the vector nozzle after being cooled. In the coal-fired power generation process, an electric fan sucks air, an air plasma generator heats the air and changes the heated air into air plasmas, a rotating magnetic field generated by a coil of an air plasma accelerator accelerates the air plasmas, and pulverized coal ejected by a fuel oil or solid fuel ejector is heated and ignited to be fully burnt. And the gas enters a primary spiral cooling chamber, then enters a desulfurizer for desulfurization and dust removal, then enters a secondary spiral cooling chamber for further cooling, and finally enters two pneumatic rotary piston motors or pneumatic turbines which are connected in series to drive a generator to generate electricity.

Description

Technical fields:

[0001] This invention relates to an engine and a control method thereof. Background technology:

[0002] When a turbofan engine engages afterburner, it sprays some aviation kerosene behind the turbine, increasing the aircraft's speed but reducing the engine's efficiency. Furthermore, turbofan engines cannot achieve hypersonic flight exceeding Mach 6. Air plasma engines have an efficiency of only 5%, far lower than the 20% efficiency achieved during subsonic flight and the 10% efficiency achieved during supersonic flight. Below 10,000 meters, the air density is still very high, resulting in significant air resistance for aircraft flying at such altitudes. The air plasma ejected by an air plasma engine at 280 kilometers per second also encounters considerable air resistance, making momentum conservation impossible and resulting in low efficiency. The thrust of a turbofan engine is insufficient to propel an aircraft at hypersonic speeds; in fact, the turbofan turbine and fan become obstacles to hypersonic flight. When fighter jets evade missiles, they often engage afterburner, spraying additional aviation kerosene behind the turbine, which cannot burn completely.

[0003] Patent No. ZL201110377552.0, "Automotive Waste Heat Power Generation Device," Background Technology: Sourced from Yeeyan.com, "A New Alloy Can Directly Convert Heat Energy into Electrical Energy." A novel non-magnetic alloy material, when its underlying copper plate is slightly heated, suddenly becomes strongly magnetic. Researchers at the University of Minnesota have discovered that a new alloy with unique properties can directly convert heat energy into electrical energy. This alloy is composed of iron, nickel, cobalt, manganese, and tin, and depending on the temperature, it can exhibit either non-magnetic or strongly magnetic properties. According to a press release from the University of Minnesota, under certain conditions, the new alloy—Ni45Co5Mn40Sn10—undergoes a reversible phase transition: that is, when the temperature changes, one type of solid transforms into another type of solid. Specifically, the new alloy changes from non-magnetic to strongly magnetic; in this process, only a slight increase in temperature is needed. When the heated new alloy is placed near a permanent magnet—such as a rare-earth magnet—the magnetic force of the new alloy suddenly and dramatically increases. Current is generated in the surrounding coils. Researchers say that a process called hysteresis causes heat loss, but this new alloy has low hysteresis. Because of this, it can convert a large amount of waste heat into electrical energy. This material is clearly applicable to car exhaust pipes. Some automakers have already begun developing heat exchangers that can convert vehicle exhaust into usable electrical energy; one automaker is using an alloy called cobaltite, which is a mixture of rare-earth-doped cobalt and arsenic materials.

[0004] Patent No. ZL201110377552.0 "Automotive Waste Heat Power Generation Device", the automotive waste heat power generation device (6) is composed of a thermomagnetic power generation stator, an excitation coil, a power generation coil and a magnetic circuit silicon steel sheet round tube. The core of the thermomagnetic power generation stator is made by welding the silicon steel sheet base part and the thermomagnetic alloy sheet magnetic pole part together to form an alloy insulating sheet superimposed. The thermomagnetic alloy is a non-magnetic material below 70℃ and a magnetic material above 70℃. The hysteresis of the thermomagnetic alloy is very small. The magnetic pole of the thermomagnetic power generation stator is on the outside. The slot opening of the thermomagnetic power generation stator faces outward. After the thermomagnetic alloy becomes a magnetic material, the magnetic field strength increases rapidly under the guidance of the guiding magnetic field. The slot of the thermomagnetic power generation stator is equipped with an excitation coil and a power generation coil. The magnetic circuit silicon steel sheet round tube is made by stacking annular insulating silicon steel sheets and then sleeved on a steel pipe. The magnetic circuit silicon steel sheet round tube with the outer shell is sleeved on the outside of the thermomagnetic power generation stator. Summary of the Invention:

[0005] An engine. The engine's structure is as follows: from front to back, it consists of a horn-shaped tube, an air plasma generator, an air plasma accelerator, a fuel or solid fuel injector, a horn-shaped spiral combustion chamber, a first-stage spiral cooling chamber, a second-stage spiral cooling chamber, and a vector nozzle. A waste heat power generation device is installed outside the air plasma generator, air plasma accelerator, horn-shaped spiral combustion chamber, first-stage spiral cooling chamber, and second-stage spiral cooling chamber. The horn-shaped spiral combustion chamber, first-stage spiral cooling chamber, and second-stage spiral cooling chamber contain helical rifling. The air plasma generator is heated by an electric arc, and the miniature nuclear reactor is encased in a waste heat power generation device.

[0006] A method for controlling an engine. A micro nuclear reactor is surrounded by a waste heat power generation device, which provides power to an air plasma generator, an air plasma accelerator, and fuel or solid fuel injectors. The air plasma generator heats air to 3000°C, turning it into air plasma. The rotating magnetic field generated by the air plasma accelerator coil accelerates the air plasma to 280 kilometers per second. Simultaneously, during hypersonic flight, air from the horn-shaped air intake is drawn in, reducing the aircraft's air resistance. The drawn-in air passes through the air plasma generator, becoming air plasma again, and enters the air plasma accelerator. The high-temperature, high-speed air plasma generated by the accelerator coil heats and ignites the fuel or solid fuel ejected from the fuel or solid fuel injectors. The high-temperature, high-speed air plasma transfers some of its thermal and kinetic energy to the fuel or solid fuel, which then mixes thoroughly and combusts completely in the horn-shaped spiral combustion chamber. After complete combustion, the hot gas is cooled in the first-stage spiral cooling chamber and then further cooled in the second-stage spiral cooling chamber. Most of the heat energy is absorbed by the waste heat power generation device to generate electricity. The kinetic energy of the hot gas ejected from the vector nozzle after being cooled does not decrease. The waste heat power generation device cools the air plasma generator, air plasma accelerator, trumpet-shaped spiral combustion chamber, first-stage spiral cooling chamber, and second-stage spiral cooling chamber, and uses the electrical energy generated by the waste heat power generation device in the air plasma generator, air plasma accelerator, fuel or solid fuel injector, vector nozzle, and excitation coil of the waste heat power generation device.

[0007] This invention can be used in spaceplanes. Because it does not use fans or turbines and employs an air-breathing engine, the drag during hypersonic flight within the atmosphere is very low. Furthermore, the invention boasts high efficiency; the gas ejected from the vector nozzle travels at high speeds, resulting in a high thrust-to-weight ratio, enabling the aircraft to fly at hypersonic speeds. Hypersonic flight can be achieved by burning aviation kerosene as long as it remains within the atmosphere. Once outside the atmosphere, the inlet of the air plasma generator needs to be closed. The electric arc of the air plasma generator 2 heats the plastic strip, vaporizing its tip and heating it into plasma. Then, the air plasma accelerator accelerates the plastic plasma gas before ejecting it from the vector nozzle, propelling the aircraft through the atmosphere.

[0008] This invention can be used on four bundled rockets in a space rocket. It can be used on the second stage of a rocket at an altitude of 150 kilometers, and even on the third stage outside the atmosphere. Existing liquid oxygen / liquid hydrogen rockets have a liquid oxygen to liquid hydrogen weight ratio of 16:1, while existing liquid oxygen / liquid kerosene rockets have a liquid oxygen to kerosene weight ratio of 6:1. By eliminating the use of liquid oxygen in the first and second stage rocket engines, the weight of the first and second stages will be significantly lighter.

[0009] An engine. The engine consists of an electric fan, an air plasma generator, an air plasma accelerator, a fuel or solid fuel injector, a trumpet-shaped spiral combustion chamber, a first-stage spiral cooling chamber, a desulfurizer, a second-stage spiral cooling chamber, a pneumatic rotary piston motor or a pneumatic turbine, and a waste heat power generation device. The micro-nuclear reactor is encased in the waste heat power generation device. The air plasma generator is heated by an electric arc. The electricity generated by the waste heat power generation device surrounding the micro-nuclear reactor powers the air plasma generator, air plasma accelerator, and fuel or solid fuel injector. The engine structure is as follows: from front to back, the components are: electric fan, air plasma generator, air plasma accelerator, trumpet-shaped spiral combustion chamber, first-stage spiral cooling chamber, desulfurizer, second-stage spiral cooling chamber, and pneumatic rotary piston motor or pneumatic turbine. The nozzle of the fuel or solid fuel injector is located between the air plasma accelerator and the trumpet-shaped spiral combustion chamber. The trumpet-shaped spiral combustion chamber, first-stage spiral cooling chamber, and second-stage spiral cooling chamber contain helical rifling. Waste heat power generation devices are installed outside the air plasma generator, air plasma accelerator, trumpet-shaped spiral combustion chamber, first-stage spiral cooling chamber, desulfurizer, and second-stage spiral cooling chamber. The structure of desulfurizer 7 is as follows: a quicklime tank is installed vertically; the lower half of the quicklime tank contains quicklime powder and several basalt ceramic fiber bags; a tungsten alloy mesh is installed at the bottom of the quicklime tank. After the second-stage spiral cooling chamber, two pneumatic rotary piston motors with their shafts connected in series or a pneumatic turbine are installed.

[0010] The engine control method involves a waste heat power generation device surrounding the miniature nuclear reactor. This device powers an electric fan, an air plasma generator, an air plasma accelerator, and fuel or solid fuel injectors. The electric fan draws in air, which is then heated to 3000°C by the air plasma generator, turning it into air plasma. The rotating magnetic field generated by the air plasma accelerator coil accelerates the air plasma to 280 km / s. Simultaneously, air behind the electric fan is drawn into the air plasma accelerator through the air plasma generator, creating negative pressure behind the electric fan and reducing its workload. The high-temperature, high-speed air plasma generated by the air plasma accelerator coil heats and ignites the fuel or solid fuel injected by the fuel or solid fuel injectors. The high-temperature, high-speed air plasma transfers some of its thermal and kinetic energy to the fuel or solid fuel. High-temperature, high-speed air plasma is thoroughly mixed with fuel oil or solid fuel in a trumpet-shaped spiral combustion chamber for complete combustion. The hot gas, after complete combustion, is cooled in a primary spiral cooling chamber before entering a desulfurizer for desulfurization and dust removal. Inside the desulfurizer, sulfur dioxide at 700°C reacts with calcium oxide to form calcium sulfite, which then enters a secondary spiral cooling chamber for further cooling. Most of the heat energy is absorbed by the waste heat power generation device, and the kinetic energy of the cooled gas remains unchanged. The cooled hot gas then alternately enters two pneumatic rotary piston motors connected in series. Alternatively, the cooled hot gas enters a pneumatic turbine. The waste heat power generation device, located outside the air plasma generator, air plasma accelerator, trumpet-shaped spiral combustion chamber, primary spiral cooling chamber, desulfurizer, and secondary spiral cooling chamber, further cools these components. The electrical energy generated by the waste heat power generation device is used in electric fans, air plasma generators, air plasma accelerators, fuel or solid fuel injectors, pneumatic rotary piston motors, and the excitation coils of the waste heat power generation device.

[0011] The pneumatic rotary piston motor consists of a cylindrical cylinder, an arc-shaped movable baffle, a rotary piston, a cylinder, a shaft, and an end cover. The structure of the pneumatic rotary piston motor is as follows: The inner surface of the cylindrical cylinder is coated with a layer of silicone rubber. There is an arc-shaped notch at the top of the cylindrical cylinder, and a triangular protective cover is mounted on the arc-shaped notch at the top of the cylindrical cylinder. The top edge of the arc-shaped movable baffle is hinged to the left side of the triangular protective cover. A thrust spring is installed between the top edge of the arc-shaped movable baffle and the triangular protective cover. A roller is mounted on the bottom edge of the arc-shaped movable baffle. The surface of the cylinder is coated with a layer of silicone rubber, and a rotary piston is mounted on the cylinder. The rotary piston is triangular, and a roller is mounted on the top of the rotary piston. The rotary piston is adapted to the arc-shaped movable baffle, and the bottom edge of the arc-shaped movable baffle rotates downwards, causing the roller mounted on the bottom edge of the arc-shaped movable baffle to contact the cylinder. Two end caps enclose the arc-shaped movable baffle, the rotary piston, and the cylinder. The end caps are then secured to both ends of the cylindrical cylinder with screws. The silicone rubber on the inner surface of the two end caps contacts the two sides of the rotary piston and both ends of the cylinder, respectively. Each of the two end caps of the pneumatic rotary piston motor has a cam mounted on its outer shaft. Each cam is equipped with a driven roller, and the two driven rollers together drive the valve core of the mechanical water valve. The two cams push the two driven rollers to contact the cylinder while the rollers mounted on the bottom edge of the arc-shaped movable baffle are in contact, simultaneously opening the mechanical upper valve. The rotating pistons of the two pneumatic rotary piston motors are 180° apart, and the arc-shaped movable baffles 1104 of the two pneumatic rotary piston motors are also 180° apart.

[0012] The working principle of the pneumatic rotary piston motor is as follows: One pneumatic rotary piston motor has rollers mounted on the bottom edge of its arc-shaped movable baffle that contact the cylinder. Two cams push two driven rollers, which, while in contact with the cylinder, push the valve core of the mechanical water valve upwards, opening the valve. High-pressure gas flows into the pneumatic rotary piston motor through the opened valve, causing the rotary piston to rotate clockwise. The other pneumatic rotary piston motor, driven by the other motors, rotates clockwise. This clockwise rotation pushes the arc-shaped movable baffle upwards, compressing the thrust spring. The motor is then in a zero-pressure state. The two pneumatic rotary piston motors alternately drive the rotating shaft.

[0013] This invention can be used in external combustion engines that use blended vegetable alcohol oil. Specifically, it eliminates the need for a desulfurizer. If used in automobiles, it employs a pneumatic rotary piston motor; if used on ships, it uses a pneumatic turbine. The engine starts very quickly, unlike existing gasoline-powered vehicles which require five minutes to start and warm up, and the fuel combustion is very complete.

[0014] This invention can be applied to coal-fired power generation. Existing coal-fired power generation uses coal combustion to power boilers, and the resulting steam drives a steam turbine to generate electricity. The output power adjustment range is very limited, making peak-shaving power generation impossible, and power generation cannot be stopped by shutting down the turbine. Furthermore, current wind and solar power generation experiences significant power fluctuations; without the assistance of coal-fired peak-shaving power generation, wind and solar power generation cannot reach their maximum potential. The engine of this invention can be started and stopped at any time, and its output power can be adjusted over a wide range. Attached image description:

[0015] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the engine structure in this invention, which is equipped with a vector nozzle.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the engine structure in this invention, which is equipped with a desulfurizer and a pneumatic rotary piston motor.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a vertical cross-sectional view of the pneumatic rotary piston motor in this invention.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the pneumatic rotary piston motor in this invention. Detailed implementation method:

[0020] Figure 1 The image shows an engine. The engine's structure is as follows: from front to back, it consists of a horn-shaped tube, an air plasma generator 2, an air plasma accelerator 3, a fuel or solid fuel injector 4, a horn-shaped spiral combustion chamber 5, a first-stage spiral cooling chamber 6, a second-stage spiral cooling chamber 8, and a vector nozzle 9. A waste heat power generation device 10 is installed outside the air plasma generator 2, air plasma accelerator 3, horn-shaped spiral combustion chamber 5, first-stage spiral cooling chamber 6, and second-stage spiral cooling chamber 8. The horn-shaped spiral combustion chamber 5, first-stage spiral cooling chamber 6, and second-stage spiral cooling chamber 8 contain spiral rifling. The air plasma generator 2 is heated by an electric arc, and the miniature nuclear reactor is encased in the waste heat power generation device 10.

[0021] Figure 1The diagram illustrates a method for controlling an engine. A waste heat power generation device 10, encased around a miniature nuclear reactor, provides electricity to an air plasma generator 2, an air plasma accelerator 3, and fuel or solid fuel injectors 4. The air plasma generator 2 heats air to 3000°C, transforming it into air plasma. The rotating magnetic field generated by the coils of the air plasma accelerator 3 accelerates the air plasma to 280 kilometers per second. Simultaneously, during hypersonic flight, air from the horn-shaped air intake is drawn in, reducing the aircraft's air resistance. The drawn-in air passes through the air plasma generator 2, becoming air plasma, and enters the air plasma accelerator 3. The high-temperature, high-speed air plasma generated by the coils of the air plasma accelerator 3 heats and ignites the fuel or solid fuel ejected from the fuel or solid fuel injectors 4. The high-temperature, high-speed air plasma transfers some of its thermal and kinetic energy to the fuel or solid fuel, which then mixes thoroughly with the fuel or solid fuel in the horn-shaped spiral combustion chamber 5 for complete combustion. After complete combustion, the hot gas is cooled in the first-stage spiral cooling chamber 6 and then further cooled in the second-stage spiral cooling chamber 8. Most of the heat energy is absorbed by the waste heat power generation device 10 to generate electricity. The kinetic energy of the hot gas ejected from the vector nozzle 9 after the temperature is reduced does not decrease. The waste heat power generation device 10 cools the air plasma generator 2, air plasma accelerator 3, trumpet-shaped spiral combustion chamber 5, first-stage spiral cooling chamber 6, and second-stage spiral cooling chamber 8, and uses the electrical energy generated by the waste heat power generation device 10 in the air plasma generator 2, air plasma accelerator 3, fuel or solid fuel injector 4, vector nozzle 9, and excitation coil of the waste heat power generation device 10.

[0022] Figure 1 As shown, this invention can be used for spaceplanes. Because it does not use fans or turbines and employs an air-breathing engine, the drag during hypersonic flight within the atmosphere is very low. Furthermore, this invention is highly efficient, with the gas ejected from the vector nozzle traveling at high speeds and having a high thrust-to-weight ratio, enabling the aircraft to fly at hypersonic speeds. Hypersonic flight can be achieved by burning aviation kerosene as long as it remains within the atmosphere. Once outside the atmosphere, the inlet of the air plasma generator 2 needs to be closed. The electric arc of the air plasma generator 2 heats the plastic strip, vaporizing its tip and heating it into plasma. Then, the air plasma accelerator 3 accelerates the plastic plasma gas and ejects it from the vector nozzle, propelling the aircraft through the atmosphere.

[0023] Figure 1 As shown, this invention can be used on four bundled rockets in a space rocket. It can be used on a second-stage rocket at an altitude of 150 kilometers, and even on a third stage outside the atmosphere. Existing liquid oxygen / liquid hydrogen rockets have a liquid oxygen to liquid hydrogen weight ratio of 16:1, while existing liquid oxygen / liquid kerosene rockets have a liquid oxygen to kerosene weight ratio of 6:1. By eliminating the use of liquid oxygen in the first and second-stage rocket engines, the weight of the first and second stages will be significantly lighter.

[0024] Figure 2 The image shows an engine. The engine consists of an electric fan 1, an air plasma generator 2, an air plasma accelerator 3, a fuel or solid fuel injector 4, a trumpet-shaped spiral combustion chamber 5, a first-stage spiral cooling chamber 6, a desulfurizer 7, a second-stage spiral cooling chamber 8, a pneumatic rotary piston motor 11 or a pneumatic turbine, and a waste heat power generation device 10. The waste heat power generation device 10 is encased outside the miniature nuclear reactor. The air plasma generator 2 is heated by an electric arc. The electricity generated by the waste heat power generation device 10 surrounding the miniature nuclear reactor provides power to the air plasma generator 2, the air plasma accelerator 3, and the fuel or solid fuel injector 4. The engine structure is as follows: from front to back, the components are: electric fan 1, air plasma generator 2, air plasma accelerator 3, trumpet-shaped spiral combustion chamber 5, first-stage spiral cooling chamber 6, desulfurizer 7, second-stage spiral cooling chamber 8, pneumatic rotary piston motor 11 or a pneumatic turbine. The nozzle of the fuel or solid fuel injector 4 is located between the air plasma accelerator 3 and the trumpet-shaped spiral combustion chamber 5. The trumpet-shaped spiral combustion chamber 5, the first-stage spiral cooling chamber 6, and the second-stage spiral cooling chamber 8 contain spiral rifling. Waste heat power generation devices 10 are installed outside the air plasma generator 2, air plasma accelerator 3, trumpet-shaped spiral combustion chamber 5, first-stage spiral cooling chamber 6, desulfurizer 7, and second-stage spiral cooling chamber 8. The structure of the desulfurizer 7 is as follows: a quicklime tank is installed vertically; the lower half of the quicklime tank contains quicklime powder and several basalt ceramic fiber bags; a tungsten alloy mesh is installed at the bottom of the quicklime tank. After the second-stage spiral cooling chamber 8, two pneumatic rotary piston motors 11 with their shafts connected in series, or a pneumatic turbine, are installed.

[0025] Figure 2The diagram illustrates the engine control method. The micro nuclear reactor is surrounded by a waste heat power generation device 10, which generates electricity to power the electric fan 1, air plasma generator 2, air plasma accelerator 3, and fuel or solid fuel injector 4. The electric fan 1 draws in air, which the air plasma generator 2 heats to 3000°C, turning it into air plasma. The rotating magnetic field generated by the coil of the air plasma accelerator 3 accelerates the air plasma to 280 kilometers per second. Simultaneously, air behind the electric fan 1 passes through the air plasma generator 2 and is drawn into the air plasma accelerator 3, creating a negative pressure behind the electric fan 1 and reducing its workload. The high-temperature, high-speed air plasma generated by the coil of the air plasma accelerator 3 heats and ignites the fuel or solid fuel injected by the fuel or solid fuel injector 4. The high-temperature, high-speed air plasma transfers some of its thermal and kinetic energy to the fuel or solid fuel. High-temperature, high-speed air plasma is thoroughly mixed with fuel oil or solid fuel in a trumpet-shaped spiral combustion chamber 5 for complete combustion. The hot gas after complete combustion is cooled in a first-stage spiral cooling chamber 6 and then enters a desulfurizer 7 for desulfurization and dust removal. In the desulfurizer 7, sulfur dioxide at 700°C reacts with calcium oxide to form calcium sulfite, which then enters a second-stage spiral cooling chamber 8 for further cooling. Most of the heat energy is absorbed by the waste heat power generation device 10, and the kinetic energy of the hot gas after cooling is not reduced. The cooled hot gas then enters two pneumatic rotary piston motors 11 connected in series in turn. The cooled hot gas either enters a pneumatic turbine and is cooled by the waste heat power generation device 10 installed outside the air plasma generator 2, air plasma accelerator 3, trumpet-shaped spiral combustion chamber 5, first-stage spiral cooling chamber 6, desulfurizer 7, and second-stage spiral cooling chamber 8. The electrical energy generated by the waste heat power generation device 10 is used in the electric fan 1, the air plasma generator 2, the air plasma accelerator 3, the fuel or solid fuel injector 4, the pneumatic rotary piston motor 11, and the excitation coil of the waste heat power generation device 10.

[0026] Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the pneumatic rotary piston motor 11 consists of a cylindrical cylinder 1100, an arc-shaped movable baffle 1104, a rotary piston 1103, a cylinder 1102, a rotating shaft 1101, and an end cover. The structure of the pneumatic rotary piston motor 11 is as follows: the inner surface of the cylindrical cylinder 1100 is coated with a layer of silicone rubber. The top of the cylindrical cylinder 1100 has an arc-shaped notch, and a triangular protective cover is located on the arc-shaped notch at the top of the cylindrical cylinder 1100. The top edge of the arc-shaped movable baffle 1104 is hinged to the left side of the triangular protective cover. A thrust spring is installed between the top edge of the arc-shaped movable baffle 1104 and the triangular protective cover. A roller is installed on the bottom edge of the arc-shaped movable baffle 1104. The surface of the cylinder 1102 is coated with a layer of silicone rubber, and the rotary piston 1103 is mounted on the cylinder 1102. The rotary piston 1103 is triangular, with a roller mounted on its top. The rotary piston 1103 is adapted to an arc-shaped movable baffle 1104, the bottom edge of which rotates downwards. The roller mounted on the bottom edge of the arc-shaped movable baffle 1104 contacts the cylinder 1102. Two end caps 1105 enclose the arc-shaped movable baffle 1104, the rotary piston 1103, and the cylinder 1102. The two end caps 1105 are then fixed to both ends of the cylindrical cylinder 1100 with screws. The silicone rubber on the inner surface of the two end caps 1105 contacts the two sides of the rotary piston 1103 and both ends of the cylinder 1102, respectively. A cam 1106 is mounted on the outer shaft of each of the two end caps 1105 of the pneumatic rotary piston motor 11. Each cam 1106 is equipped with a driven roller 1107. The two driven rollers 1107 together drive the valve core 1108 of the mechanical water valve to move. Two cams 1106 push two driven rollers 1107 to simultaneously open the mechanical valve 1108 while the rollers mounted on the bottom edge of the arc-shaped movable baffle 1104 are in contact with the cylinder 1102. The rotating pistons 1103 of the two pneumatic rotary piston motors 11 are 180° apart, and the arc-shaped movable baffles 1104 of the two pneumatic rotary piston motors 11 are 180° apart.

[0027] Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the working principle of the pneumatic rotary piston motor is as follows: One pneumatic rotary piston motor has rollers mounted on the bottom edge of its arc-shaped movable baffle 1104 that contact the cylinder 1102. Two cams 1106 push two driven rollers 1107 upwards during this contact, opening the mechanical water valve 1108. High-pressure gas flows into the pneumatic rotary piston motor 11 through the open valve, pushing the rotary piston 1103 to rotate clockwise. The other pneumatic rotary piston motor 11 rotates clockwise under the influence of the other motors. The clockwise rotation of the rotary piston 1103 pushes the arc-shaped movable baffle 1104 upwards, compressing the thrust spring. This puts the pneumatic rotary piston motor 11 in a zero-pressure state. The two pneumatic rotary piston motors alternately drive the rotating shaft.

[0028] Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, this invention can be used in external combustion engines that use blended vegetable alcohol oil. Specifically, the desulfurizer is eliminated. If used in automobiles, a pneumatic rotary piston motor 11 is used; if used on ships, a pneumatic turbine is used. The engine starts very quickly, unlike existing gasoline-powered cars that require five minutes to start and warm up, and the fuel combustion is very complete.

[0029] Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, this invention can be used in coal-fired power generation. Existing coal-fired power generation uses coal combustion to power boilers, and the resulting steam drives a steam turbine to rotate and generate electricity. The output power adjustment range is very limited, making peak-shaving power generation impossible, and power generation cannot be stopped by shutting down the turbine. Current wind and solar power generation also experiences large fluctuations in output power; without the assistance of coal-fired peak-shaving power generation, wind and solar power generation cannot reach their maximum potential. The engine of this invention can be started and stopped at any time, and its output power can be adjusted over a wide range.

Claims

1. An engine characterized by: The structure of the engine is as follows: from front to back, in turn, is the horn tube, air plasma generator (2), air plasma accelerator (3), fuel or solid fuel injector (4), horn spiral combustion chamber (5), first spiral cooling chamber (6), secondary spiral cooling chamber (8), vector nozzle (9), the air plasma generator (2), air plasma accelerator (3), horn spiral combustion chamber (5), first spiral cooling chamber (6), secondary spiral cooling chamber (8) outside is equipped with waste heat power generation device (10), the horn spiral combustion chamber (5), the first spiral cooling chamber (6), the secondary spiral cooling chamber (8) has spiral rifling, the heating of the air plasma generator (2) is arc heating, the power generated by the micro nuclear reactor outside the waste heat power generation device (10) is used to provide power for the air plasma generator (2), air plasma accelerator (3), fuel or solid fuel injector (4).

2. The control method of an engine according to claim 1, characterized by: The power generated by the micro nuclear reactor outside the waste heat power generation device (10) is used to provide power for the air plasma generator (2), air plasma accelerator (3), fuel or solid fuel injector (4); the air plasma generator (2) heats the air to 3000℃, and the air becomes air plasma; the rotating magnetic field generated by the coil of the air plasma accelerator (3) accelerates the air plasma to 280 kilometers per second; at the same time, when the aircraft is flying at hypersonic speed, the air in the horn inlet pipe is brought in, reducing the cavity resistance of the aircraft, the air sucked in becomes air plasma through the air plasma generator (2) and enters the air plasma accelerator (3), the high-temperature and high-speed air plasma generated by the coil of the air plasma accelerator (3) heats and ignites the fuel or solid fuel sprayed by the fuel or solid fuel injector (4), the high-temperature and high-speed air plasma transfers part of the heat energy and kinetic energy to the fuel or solid fuel, the high-temperature and high-speed air plasma and the fuel or solid fuel are fully mixed in the horn spiral combustion chamber (5) and fully burned, the hot gas after full combustion is cooled in the first spiral cooling chamber (6) and then further cooled in the secondary spiral cooling chamber (8), most of the heat energy is absorbed by the waste heat power generation device (10) to generate electricity, the temperature is reduced, and the kinetic energy of the hot gas sprayed from the vector nozzle (9) is not reduced, the waste heat power generation device (10) cools the air plasma generator (2), air plasma accelerator (3), horn spiral combustion chamber (5), first spiral cooling chamber (6), secondary spiral cooling chamber (8), and the power generated by the waste heat power generation device (10) is used on the excitation coil of the air plasma generator (2), air plasma accelerator (3), fuel or solid fuel injector (4), vector nozzle (9) and waste heat power generation device (10).

3. An engine consisting of an electric fan (1), an air plasma generator (2), an air plasma accelerator (3), a fuel or solid fuel injector (4), a horn-shaped spiral combustion chamber (5), a primary spiral cooling chamber (6), a desulfurizer (7), a secondary spiral cooling chamber (8), a pneumatic rotary piston motor (11) or a pneumatic turbine and a waste heat power generation device (10), the heating of the air plasma generator (2) being electric arc heating, the electricity generated by the waste heat power generation device (10) outside the micro nuclear reactor providing electric energy for the air plasma generator (2), the air plasma accelerator (3) and the fuel or solid fuel injector (4); the structure of the engine is as follows: from front to back, there are the electric fan (1), the air plasma generator (2), the air plasma accelerator (3), the horn-shaped spiral combustion chamber (5), the primary spiral cooling chamber (6), the desulfurizer (7), the secondary spiral cooling chamber (8), the pneumatic rotary piston motor (11) or the pneumatic turbine, the waste heat power generation device (10) outside the micro nuclear reactor, the nozzle of the fuel or solid fuel injector (4) between the air plasma accelerator (3) and the horn-shaped spiral combustion chamber (5), the horn-shaped spiral combustion chamber (5), the primary spiral cooling chamber (6) and the secondary spiral cooling chamber (8) having spiral rifling; the waste heat power generation device (10) is installed outside the air plasma generator (2), the air plasma accelerator (3), the horn-shaped spiral combustion chamber (5), the primary spiral cooling chamber (6), the desulfurizer (7) and the secondary spiral cooling chamber (8); the structure of the desulfurizer (7) is as follows: the quicklime tank is installed vertically, the lower half of the quicklime tank is filled with quicklime powder, the lower half of the quicklime tank is provided with several basalt ceramic fiber cloth bags, and the bottom of the quicklime tank is provided with a tungsten alloy mesh; two pneumatic rotary piston motors (11) with their rotating shafts connected in series or one pneumatic turbine are installed after the secondary spiral cooling chamber (8).

4. The control method of the engine according to claim 3, characterized by: The power generated by the waste heat power generation device (10) outside the micro nuclear reactor provides power for the electric fan (1), the air plasma generator (2), the air plasma accelerator (3), the fuel or solid fuel injector (4); the electric fan (1) sucks in air, the air plasma generator (2) heats the air to 3000℃ and turns it into air plasma, the air plasma accelerator (3) generates a rotating magnetic field to accelerate the air plasma to 280 kilometers per second, at the same time, the air behind the electric fan (1) is sucked into the air plasma accelerator (3) through the air plasma generator (2), generating negative pressure behind the electric fan (1) and reducing the burden of the electric fan (1), the high-temperature and high-speed air plasma generated by the coil of the air plasma accelerator (3) heats and ignites the fuel or solid fuel injected by the fuel or solid fuel injector (4), the high-temperature and high-speed air plasma transfers part of the heat energy and kinetic energy to the fuel or solid fuel, the high-temperature and high-speed air plasma mixes with the fuel or solid fuel in the horn-shaped spiral combustion chamber (5) and burns fully, the hot gas after full combustion is cooled in the first-stage spiral cooling chamber (6), then enters the desulfurizer (7) for desulfurization and dust removal, the 700℃ sulfur dioxide in the desulfurizer (7) reacts with calcium oxide to generate calcium sulfite, then enters the second-stage spiral cooling chamber (8) for further cooling, most of the heat energy is absorbed by the waste heat power generation device (10), the kinetic energy of the hot gas after reducing the temperature is not reduced, the cooled hot gas enters two gas rotary piston motors (11) in turn, the cooled hot gas enters the gas turbine, the waste heat power generation device (10) outside the air plasma generator (2), the air plasma accelerator (3), the horn-shaped spiral combustion chamber (5), the first-stage spiral cooling chamber (6), the desulfurizer (7), and the second-stage spiral cooling chamber (8) cools the air plasma generator (2), the air plasma accelerator (3), the horn-shaped spiral combustion chamber (5), the first-stage spiral cooling chamber (6), the desulfurizer (7), and the second-stage spiral cooling chamber (8), the power generated by the waste heat power generation device (10) is used in the electric fan (1), the air plasma generator (2), the air plasma accelerator (3), the fuel or solid fuel injector (4), the gas rotary piston motor (11), and the excitation coil of the waste heat power generation device (10).

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