Soybean seed coating agent as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of seed treatment, in particular to a soybean seed coating agent as well as a preparation method and application thereof. Each 1kg of soybean seeds in the coating agent comprise the following components in parts by weight: 0.4-0.6 g of naringenin and 7-12g of auxiliary materials; the auxiliary material comprises one or more of a film-forming agent, an adhesive and a filling agent; the film-forming agent is polyvinyl alcohol, the adhesive is Arabic gum, and the filler is talcum powder. The invention further provides a preparation method of the soybean seed coating agent and application of the soybean seed coating agent in prevention and treatment of soybean root rot. The seed coating agent has the advantages that naringenin is used as a core active component, a uniform protective film is formed on the surface of a coated seed, the seed coating agent has double effects of bacteriostasis and crop protection, mycelial growth of main pathogenic bacteria such as soybean root rot such as phytophthora sojae and fusarium oxysporum can be remarkably inhibited, and the resistance of soybeans to pathogenic bacteria of different physiological races is improved. The coating agent is safe and environment-friendly, simple in preparation process and convenient to use, and meets the large-scale planting requirements of soybeans.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of seed treatment technology, and in particular to a soybean seed coating agent, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Soybean root rot is a disease caused by a variety of soil-borne pathogens, among which Phytophthora soybeanum (… Phytophthora sojae ) and Fusarium oxysporum ( Fusarium spp. The main pathogen is *[insert pathogen here]*. This type of disease primarily occurs during the germination and early seedling stages of soybeans, leading to seed rot, root browning, seedling wilting, and even death. In severe cases, it can cause missing seedlings and gaps in the rows, negatively impacting soybean growth, development, and yield. Under low temperature, high humidity, or continuous cropping conditions, these pathogens easily multiply in the soil, exacerbating root rot.

[0003] Currently, the control measures for root rot caused by Phytophthora soybean and Fusarium oxysporum mainly rely on seed treatment with chemical fungicides, soil treatment, or application of pesticides during the seedling stage. Although these methods can inhibit pathogen infection to some extent, long-term use of chemical fungicides can easily lead to increased drug resistance in pathogens, and may also disrupt the soil microecological balance, bringing potential risks such as pesticide residues and food safety, making it difficult to meet the requirements of green agriculture and sustainable development.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a safe, environmentally friendly root rot control technology that is adapted to the physiological characteristics of soybean germination, in order to improve soybean's resistance to soil-borne pathogens such as Phytophthora soybeanis and Fusarium oxysporum. Using seed coating as a carrier to load bioactive natural substances onto the seed surface, achieving highly efficient inhibition of pathogen infection while ensuring normal seed germination, is a promising and practical research direction. However, existing seed coating technologies targeting soybean root rot still have significant shortcomings in terms of active substance screening, coating formulation design, and efficacy stability, requiring further improvement and optimization. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention addresses the problems of environmental pollution, drug resistance, and food safety risks associated with the existing technology that mainly relies on chemical fungicides to control soybean root rot caused by Phytophthora sojae and Fusarium oxysporum. It provides a soybean seed coating agent, its preparation method, and its application.

[0006] The primary objective of this invention is to provide a soybean seed coating agent, wherein the coating agent required to treat 1 kg of soybean seeds comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.4-0.6 g of naringenin and 7-12 g of excipients.

[0007] Preferably, the excipients include one or more of film-forming agents, adhesives, and fillers; the film-forming agent is polyvinyl alcohol, the adhesive is gum arabic, and the filler is talc.

[0008] Preferably, the coating agent required to treat 1 kg of soybean seeds comprises the following components in parts by weight: 4-6 g of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.4-0.6 g of gum arabic, 0.4-0.6 g of naringenin, 1.5-2.5 g of talc, and 1.5-2.5 g of food coloring.

[0009] Preferably, the polyvinyl alcohol is water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol.

[0010] The second objective of this invention is to provide a method for preparing a soybean seed coating agent, which specifically includes the following steps: S1. Weigh each component according to the weight parts; dissolve polyvinyl alcohol in water to prepare a polyvinyl alcohol solution with a concentration of 4~6%; S2. Add gum arabic to the polyvinyl alcohol solution and stir thoroughly to obtain a mixed solution; S3. Add naringin to the mixed solution and stir until evenly dispersed; S4. Then add talcum powder and food coloring in sequence, mix well, and obtain the seed coating agent.

[0011] Preferably, the concentration of the polyvinyl alcohol solution is 5%.

[0012] Preferably, the stirring process is carried out at room temperature.

[0013] The second objective of this invention is to provide an application of a soybean seed coating agent in the prevention and control of soybean root rot.

[0014] Preferably, the pathogens causing soybean root rot include Phytophthora soybeanis and / or Fusarium oxysporum.

[0015] Preferably, the soybean seed coating agent is applied to the soybean germination period and early seedling stage to improve the soybean's resistance to root rot.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects: (1) The seed coating agent of the present invention has a significant antibacterial effect. Naringin can effectively inhibit the mycelial growth of Phytophthora soybeanis and Fusarium oxysporum. After reculturing, the mycelial growth area is still significantly reduced, and it has a good inhibitory effect on both types of pathogens.

[0017] (2) Excellent coating performance. After the seeds are coated, a uniform coating layer is formed on the surface. The appearance of the seeds before and after coating is distinguishable, and it will not affect the normal germination of soybean seeds.

[0018] (3) The seed coating agent has strong disease resistance and can significantly improve the resistance of soybeans to different physiological races of Phytophthora soybean. After the treated seeds are inoculated with pathogens, the seedlings grow better and the germination rate is significantly improved. It has a wide range of control and also has a good control effect on root rot caused by Fusarium oxysporum. After inoculation with this pathogen, the seeds still maintain a high germination rate and the seedlings grow well.

[0019] (4) It is safe, environmentally friendly, and highly practical. It uses naringenin, a natural plant-derived active ingredient, as the main active ingredient, which can reduce the amount of chemical bactericides used. The preparation process is simple, easy to use, and has high application value. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 The results of the inhibition experiment of naringenin on Phytophthora soybean and Fusarium oxysporum provided in the embodiments of the present invention are shown in Figure A, which shows the mycelial growth performance of the culture medium containing naringenin and the control culture medium, and B shows the statistics of the mycelial growth area on the culture medium.

[0021] Figure 2 These are phenotypic images of soybean seeds before and after coating with a seed coating agent containing naringenin, provided according to an embodiment of the present invention; A represents soybean seeds without coating treatment; B represents soybean seeds treated with a seed coating agent containing naringenin.

[0022] Figure 3 The results of the identification of the resistance of soybean seeds to Phytophthora sojae after coating with the seed coating agent containing naringenin provided in the embodiments of the present invention are shown in the figure. In the figure, A and C are the phenotypes of soybean seeds and control seeds inoculated with Phytophthora sojae PsR2 and PsIGA1 by the seed coating agent containing naringenin, and B and D are the statistical results of the seedling emergence rate of seeds inoculated with Phytophthora sojae PsR2 and PsIGA1.

[0023] Figure 4 The results of the resistance identification of soybean seeds to Fusarium oxysporum after coating with a seed coating agent containing naringenin provided according to the embodiments of the present invention are shown in the figure. In the figure, A is the phenotype of soybean seeds and control seeds inoculated with Fusarium oxysporum by the seed coating agent containing naringenin, and B is the statistical data of the germination rate of seeds inoculated with Fusarium oxysporum. Detailed Implementation

[0024] In the following description, embodiments of the invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the description below, the same modules are denoted by the same reference numerals. Where the same reference numerals are used, their names and functions are also the same. Therefore, their detailed description will not be repeated.

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0026] The purpose of this invention is to provide a seed coating agent containing naringenin and its preparation method, and to apply it to the prevention and control of soybean root rot. By introducing naringenin, a natural plant active substance, during the germination and early seedling stages of soybean seeds, the resistance of soybeans to Phytophthora sojae and Fusarium oxysporum is enhanced, thereby reducing the incidence of disease and promoting robust growth of soybean seedlings.

[0027] This invention provides a soybean seed coating agent containing naringenin. The coating agent required to treat 1 kg of soybean seeds includes the following components in parts by weight: 4-6 g of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), 0.4-0.6 g of gum arabic, 0.4-0.6 g of naringenin, 1.5-2.5 g of talc, and 1.5-2.5 g of food coloring. Specifically, polyvinyl alcohol is water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol; naringenin is a flavonoid compound derived from natural plants; In a specific embodiment, the ingredients are: 5g polyvinyl alcohol, 0.5g gum arabic, 0.5g naringin, 2g talc, and 2g food coloring. The preparation method of soybean seed coating agent includes the following steps: S1. Weigh each component according to the weight parts; dissolve polyvinyl alcohol in water to prepare a polyvinyl alcohol solution with a concentration of 4~6%; S2. Add gum arabic to the polyvinyl alcohol solution and stir thoroughly to obtain a mixed solution; S3. Add naringin to the mixed solution and stir until evenly dispersed; S4. Then add talcum powder and food coloring in sequence, mix well, and obtain the seed coating agent; Specifically, the concentration of the polyvinyl alcohol solution is 5%; the stirring process is carried out at room temperature.

[0028] Example 1 This embodiment provides an in vitro inhibition experiment of naringenin against *Phytophthora sojae* and *Fusarium oxysporum*. The specific experimental method is as follows: naringenin was added at a concentration of 100 μg / ml to 10% V8 and PDA medium, and thoroughly mixed to prepare a medium containing naringenin; a 10% V8 and PDA medium without added naringenin served as a control medium. *Phytophthora sojae* (… Phytophthora sojae ) and Fusarium oxysporum ( Fusarium spp. Equal-sized mycelial discs were cut from the edge of the activated culture and placed in the center of the medium containing naringenin and the control medium, and cultured at 25°C for 7 days. When the mycelium of the control group nearly covered the petri dish, the mycelial growth under different treatments was photographed and the mycelial regrowth area was measured.

[0029] Experimental results: such as Figure 1As shown in Figure A, compared with the control medium, the medium containing naringenin significantly inhibited the mycelial growth of *Phytophthora sojae* and *Fusarium oxysporum*. (See figure A.) P.sojae -Race2 (R2) P.sojae -IGA1 (IGA1) F. oxysporum ( Fo The symbols ) represent *Phytophthora sojae* strain R2, *Phytophthora sojae* strain IGA1, and *Fusarium oxysporum*, respectively. For example... Figure 1 As shown in Figure B, the statistical analysis of the mycelial growth area indicates that the mycelial growth area of ​​the culture cake containing naringenin was significantly lower than that of the control treatment (methanol), suggesting that naringenin has a sustained inhibitory effect on the aforementioned pathogens.

[0030] Example 2 This embodiment provides a soybean seed coating agent containing naringenin. The coating agent required to treat 1 kg of soybean seeds includes the following components in parts by weight: 5g polyvinyl alcohol, 0.5g gum arabic, 0.5g naringenin, 2g talc, and 2g food coloring. The preparation method includes the following steps: S1. Weigh each component according to the above weight proportions; dissolve polyvinyl alcohol in water to prepare a 5% polyvinyl alcohol solution; S2. Add gum arabic to the polyvinyl alcohol solution and stir thoroughly to obtain a mixed solution; S3. Add naringin to the mixed solution and stir until evenly dispersed; S4. Then add talcum powder and food coloring in sequence, mix well, and obtain the seed coating agent.

[0031] Soybeans are coated with a soybean seed coating agent containing naringenin. The process includes: selecting uniformly sized soybean seeds (Williams 82 soybeans, or Wm82 for short) without mechanical damage and drying them; manually mixing the soybean seeds for coating; and then air-drying them naturally under ventilated conditions to complete the coating process.

[0032] Uncoated soybean seeds were used as a control. The experimental results are as follows: Figure 2 As shown. After treatment with a seed coating agent containing naringenin (Wm82-Nar, i.e.) Figure 2 (B) A uniform and stable coating layer was formed on the surface of the soybean seeds, which was significantly different in appearance from the control seeds. No seed damage or abnormalities were observed during the coating process, indicating that the seed coating agent has good film-forming properties and applicability, and the coating treatment does not affect the normal germination of soybean seeds.

[0033] Using naringin, a natural plant-derived active ingredient, as the main active ingredient, it is safe and environmentally friendly, with a simple preparation process and convenient use. It can reduce the amount of chemical bactericides used and has good value for promotion and application.

[0034] Example 3 This embodiment provides an experiment to identify the resistance of a seed coating agent containing naringenin to Phytophthora soybeanis, including the following method: Coated soybean seeds and control seeds were sown separately in vermiculite artificially inoculated with Phytophthora soybeanis; Phytophthora soybeanis includes two strains, PsR2 and PsIGA1. The seeds were cultured under light conditions, and the growth of soybean seedlings was observed. After the seedlings stabilized, the emergence rate of different treatment groups was calculated.

[0035] Experimental results are as follows Figure 3 As shown. By comparing the Wm and Wm82 varieties, the universality and effectiveness of seed coating agents containing naringenin in promoting resistance to Phytophthora in soybean were clarified. Figure 3 Results A and C indicate that soybean seeds treated with seed coating agents containing naringenin showed significantly better seedling growth than the control group after inoculation with PsR2 and PsIGA1. Figure 3 As shown in Figures B and D, the emergence rate of the seed-coated group under the above two Phytophthora soybean species inoculation conditions was significantly higher than that of the control group, indicating that the seed coating agent containing naringenin can effectively improve the resistance of soybean to different physiological races of Phytophthora soybean species.

[0036] Example 4 This embodiment provides an identification experiment for the resistance of a seed coating agent containing naringenin to Fusarium oxysporum, including the following method: Soybean seeds treated with the coating and control seeds were sown separately in vermiculite artificially inoculated with Fusarium oxysporum; and cultured under light conditions. The growth phenotype of soybean seedlings was observed during the emergence period, and the emergence rate of each treatment group was calculated.

[0037] Experimental results are as follows Figure 4 As shown. Figure 4 In Figure A, it was shown that, compared with the control group, soybean seeds treated with a seed coating agent containing naringenin exhibited better seedling growth after inoculation with Fusarium oxysporum (5 dpi). Figure 4 As shown in Figure B, the germination rate of the seed coating group was significantly higher than that of the control group, indicating that the seed coating agent can effectively enhance the resistance of soybeans to root rot caused by Fusarium oxysporum.

[0038] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used to reorder, add, or delete steps. For example, the steps described in this invention disclosure can be executed in parallel, sequentially, or in different orders, as long as the desired result of the technical solution disclosed in this invention can be achieved, and this is not limited herein.

[0039] The specific embodiments described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this invention should be included within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A soybean seed coating agent, characterized in that: The coating agent required to treat 1 kg of soybean seeds includes the following components by weight: 0.4-0.6 g of naringenin and 7-12 g of excipients.

2. The soybean seed coating agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The excipients include one or more of film-forming agents, adhesives, and fillers; the film-forming agent is polyvinyl alcohol, the adhesive is gum arabic, and the filler is talc.

3. The soybean seed coating agent according to claim 2, characterized in that: The coating agent required to treat 1 kg of soybean seeds includes the following components in parts by weight: 4-6 g of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.4-0.6 g of gum arabic, 0.4-0.6 g of naringenin, 1.5-2.5 g of talc, and 1.5-2.5 g of food coloring.

4. The soybean seed coating agent according to claim 2, characterized in that: The polyvinyl alcohol mentioned is water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol.

5. A method for preparing a soybean seed coating agent, used to prepare the soybean seed coating agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: Specifically, the steps include the following: S1. Weigh each component according to the weight parts; dissolve polyvinyl alcohol in water to prepare a polyvinyl alcohol solution with a concentration of 4~6%; S2. Add gum arabic to the polyvinyl alcohol solution and stir thoroughly to obtain a mixed solution; S3. Add naringin to the mixed solution and stir until evenly dispersed; S4. Then add talcum powder and food coloring in sequence, mix well, and obtain the seed coating agent.

6. The method for preparing a soybean seed coating agent according to claim 5, characterized in that: The concentration of the polyvinyl alcohol solution is 5%.

7. The method for preparing a soybean seed coating agent according to claim 5, characterized in that: The stirring process is carried out at room temperature.

8. The application of the soybean seed coating agent according to claim 1 in the prevention and control of soybean root rot.

9. The application of a soybean seed coating agent according to claim 8 in the prevention and control of soybean root rot, characterized in that: The pathogens causing soybean root rot include Phytophthora soybeanis and / or Fusarium oxysporum.

10. The application of a soybean seed coating agent according to claim 8 in the prevention and control of soybean root rot, characterized in that: The application involves using the soybean seed coating agent during the soybean germination period and early seedling stage to improve the soybean's resistance to root rot.

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