Thick-wall aluminum profile extrusion equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum profile machining, in particular to thick-wall aluminum profile extrusion equipment which comprises a workbench, an extrusion mechanism installed on the workbench, a heating furnace capable of moving front and back in front of the extrusion mechanism and an extrusion die in front of the heating furnace. The extrusion mechanism comprises an extrusion head and a power assembly for pushing the extrusion head forwards and backwards, and the extrusion head comprises a central cylindrical extrusion column located in the center and a surrounding part surrounding the periphery of the central cylindrical extrusion column; the surrounding part can move front and back relative to the central cylindrical extrusion column, the surrounding part and the central cylindrical extrusion column can be spliced into a complete cylinder, and the power assembly comprises a middle driving assembly used for driving the central cylindrical extrusion column and a peripheral driving assembly used for driving the surrounding part. The middle driving assembly and the peripheral driving assembly are both provided with pressure sensors, and high-quality aluminum profiles can be manufactured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aluminum profile processing technology, and particularly to thick-walled aluminum profile extrusion equipment. Background Technology

[0002] There are many types of aluminum profile extrusion equipment available, and various extrusion press patent technologies are emerging to suit different types of aluminum profiles.

[0003] For example, Chinese Patent Application No. 201710055169.0 discloses an isothermal extrusion system for aluminum profiles, which includes an extrusion cylinder 1, an extrusion cylinder 2, and an aluminum profile outlet temperature detection mechanism. The piston rod of the extrusion cylinder 2 passes through the material extrusion chamber 3 and is connected to the extrusion pad 4. A pad mold 5 is provided at the right end of the extrusion cylinder 1. The pad mold 5 is provided with a through groove that connects to the material extrusion chamber 3. The aluminum profile outlet temperature detection mechanism includes a vertical cylinder 6 and a temperature sensor 7. The vertical cylinder 6 is provided at the right end of the extrusion cylinder 1. The temperature sensor 7 is provided at the bottom of the piston rod of the vertical cylinder 6. A cooling channel 8 is also provided on the cylindrical surface of the extrusion cylinder 1.

[0004] For example, Chinese patent application number 202111087589.X discloses aluminum profile extrusion forming equipment and aluminum profile extrusion forming method, including a protective box, an extrusion die and a bottom box. The top of the bottom box is equipped with a protective box, and a protective cover is installed on one side of the protective box. A heating softener is installed inside the protective box through a sliding rod. An extrusion die is installed on one side of the inside of the protective box. A mating plate is installed inside the extrusion die. A die plate is installed on the front of the mating plate. A discharge hole is installed on the outside of the die plate. A hydraulic cylinder is installed on one side of the protective box. An extrusion plate is installed at the output end of the hydraulic cylinder.

[0005] The existing aluminum extrusion technologies can perform aluminum extrusion manufacturing processes well, but they are still lacking in the processing of high-quality aluminum profiles, and the controllability of the processing is relatively weak. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a thick-walled aluminum profile extrusion equipment that can produce high-quality aluminum profiles.

[0007] The above-mentioned objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a thick-walled aluminum profile extrusion equipment, including a worktable, on which an extrusion mechanism, a heating furnace that can move back and forth in front of the extrusion mechanism, and an extrusion die in front of the heating furnace are mounted. The extrusion mechanism includes an extrusion head and a power assembly for advancing the extrusion head back and forth. The extrusion head includes a central cylindrical extrusion column located at the center and a surrounding portion surrounding the central cylindrical extrusion column. The surrounding portion can move back and forth relative to the central cylindrical extrusion column, and the surrounding portion and the central cylindrical extrusion column can be assembled into a complete cylinder. The power assembly includes an intermediate drive assembly for driving the central cylindrical extrusion column and an outer drive assembly for driving the surrounding portion. Both the intermediate drive assembly and the outer drive assembly are equipped with pressure sensors.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the surrounding portion comprises three or more fan-shaped columns distributed circumferentially and can be assembled to form a complete cylinder.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the intermediate drive assembly includes a transversely arranged intermediate hydraulic cylinder, the piston rod of which is fixedly connected to the rear end portion of the central cylindrical extrusion column.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the peripheral drive assembly includes peripheral hydraulic cylinders that are respectively connected to each sector ring column, and all peripheral hydraulic cylinders are distributed circumferentially.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an outwardly extending fixed mounting plate perpendicular to the axial direction is fixed on the outer surface of the fan ring column, and the piston rod of the peripheral hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the rear part of the outwardly extending fixed mounting plate.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an annular guide baffle is formed on the outer surface of the central cylindrical extrusion column near the rear end, and an annular stepped groove extending forward from the rear side is provided on the inner surface of the fan-shaped column, and all the annular stepped grooves can be assembled into a complete annular stepped groove.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a ball bearing is fitted on the outer periphery of the annular guide baffle, and the ball bearing abuts against the annular stepped groove.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the annular guide baffle is provided with an outer peripheral ball placement groove extending from the outer periphery to the radial center for placing the ball bearings. The annular guide baffle is also provided with a lubricating oil injection hole extending from the rear side to the front side and communicating with the outer peripheral ball placement groove. The annular guide baffle is also provided with an oil outlet hole extending from the front side to the rear side and communicating with the outer peripheral ball placement groove.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the lubricating oil injection hole and the oil outlet hole are both inclined from back to front and towards the axis, the diameter of the oil outlet hole is smaller than the diameter of the lubricating oil injection hole, and the position of the oil outlet hole is closer to the axis than the position of the lubricating oil injection hole.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the heating furnace is provided with a plurality of temperature sensors arranged in a circumferential array.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the split design of the extrusion head makes the extrusion process more controllable, and a new process for further control of the extrusion action is available, which is suitable for the manufacturing of thick-walled aluminum profile workpieces. The produced aluminum profiles exhibit better overall performance consistency, strength, and stability. The lubricant inlet structure is more innovative, which not only makes the extrusion process smooth, but also helps to improve the quality of aluminum profiles. The failure rate of aluminum profile manufacturing has also been reduced, enabling continuous processing and production for a longer period of time, thus reducing production costs. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the thick-walled aluminum profile extrusion equipment in the embodiment; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the extrusion head in the disassembled state within the equipment; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure from a frontal perspective; Figure 4 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the extrusion head after assembly; Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure after the middle structure is connected to the driving component. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art can make modifications to this embodiment without contributing any inventive step, but such modifications are protected by patent law as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

[0021] Examples, such as Figure 1-5As shown, the thick-walled aluminum profile extrusion equipment includes a worktable 1, on which an extrusion mechanism, a heating furnace 2 that can move back and forth in front of the extrusion mechanism, and an extrusion die 3 in front of the heating furnace 2 are installed. This is the basic structure of a conventional extruder. Of course, the aluminum rods heated in the heating furnace are usually pre-heated and cut aluminum rods, which is to improve production efficiency. Heating in the heating furnace 2 is generally for heat preservation, because the temperature drops during turnover. On the other hand, an extrusion guide heating channel 20 is formed in the heating furnace 2. On the one hand, the extrusion guide heating channel 20 is used to put aluminum rods in, and on the other hand, it is also used for the extrusion head of the extrusion mechanism to push the heated aluminum rods towards the inlet end face of the extrusion die 3 and extrude them forward. This is the existing basic structure and basic operating procedure. This embodiment features a novel design: the extrusion mechanism includes an extrusion head and a power assembly for advancing the extrusion head back and forth. The extrusion head includes a central cylindrical extrusion column 41 and a surrounding portion 42 encircling the central cylindrical extrusion column 41. Here, the extrusion head becomes a split design, rather than a traditional simple cylindrical structure. The surrounding portion 42 can move back and forth relative to the central cylindrical extrusion column 41, and the surrounding portion 42 and the central cylindrical extrusion column 41 can be assembled into a complete cylinder. The advantage of this design is that the forming structure of thick-walled aluminum profiles is generally within the central area of ​​a circular mold. In existing extrusion processes, because the extrusion head is an integral structure, it also extrudes the outer periphery of the aluminum rod. Since the outer periphery of the central area of ​​the mold is sealed, the overall pressure of the extruded aluminum rod is not uniform. The flow in the middle is better, but the outer part of the aluminum rod flows towards the axis of the extrusion head, causing flow interference in the softened aluminum profile. Moreover, aluminum rods are generally not uniformly circular, and the holes formed by the mold are generally not simple circular structures, so the uniformity of aluminum material flow is not very high. The design described in this application allows the central cylindrical extrusion column 41 to first extrude the central portion of the heated aluminum rod, aligning it with the central portion of the mold, after the extrusion head enters the extrusion guide heating channel 20. This extrusion can cover at least half of the extrusion distance. Then, the surrounding portion 42 extrudes the outer portion of the aluminum rod forward. At this point, since the aluminum rod material is minimal, the surrounding portion 42 can smoothly push the aluminum rod forward. This process minimizes flow interference between the outer and central portions of the aluminum rod, making processing easier and smoother, and resulting in higher quality thick-walled aluminum profiles. Ideally, the surrounding portion 42 and the central cylindrical extrusion column 41 should be as close as possible to each other, with a gap of less than 0.1 mm. Furthermore, the power assembly includes an intermediate drive assembly for driving the central cylindrical extrusion column 41 and an outer drive assembly for driving the surrounding portion 42, as a power structure is necessary to provide the driving force.Of course, the extrusion head itself also needs a guide support cylinder 40, which can be achieved using existing structures.

[0022] Furthermore, both the intermediate drive assembly and the peripheral drive assembly are equipped with pressure sensors. The pressure sensors ensure that the power output is controlled during the extrusion process, and ensure that the extrusion force of the surrounding part 42 and the central cylindrical extrusion column 41 on the aluminum rod is applied in a relatively balanced manner, thereby producing high-quality aluminum profiles.

[0023] Preferably, the surrounding portion 42 includes three or more fan-shaped ring columns 420 distributed circumferentially and can be assembled to form a complete cylinder. Of course, the surrounding portion 42 can also be a complete integral cylinder, but a segmented structure is adopted here to further optimize control. The fan-shaped ring columns 420 can move back and forth independently, which will improve controllability. Of course, the circumferential gap of the fan-shaped ring columns 420 should be as small as possible and as close as possible. The gap should be less than 0.1mm. It is preferable that the surrounding portion 42 has three or four segments.

[0024] Furthermore, the intermediate drive assembly includes a horizontally arranged intermediate hydraulic cylinder 51. The piston rod of the intermediate hydraulic cylinder 51 is fixedly connected to the rear end of the central cylindrical extrusion column 41. The intermediate hydraulic cylinder 51 can be an existing hydraulic cylinder and installed on the worktable. The piston rod of the intermediate hydraulic cylinder 51 is forward-oriented and fixedly connected to the center of the rear end of the central cylindrical extrusion column 41. The fixing method can be achieved by existing pin shaft method or welding.

[0025] Preferably, the peripheral drive assembly includes peripheral hydraulic cylinders 52 connected to each of the fan-shaped ring columns 420. All peripheral hydraulic cylinders 52 are circumferentially spaced and arranged in a circular array. Existing hydraulic cylinders can be used for the peripheral hydraulic cylinders 52, and they can be installed on the existing frame of the worktable. Here, circumferential, axial, or axis refers to the direction of the advancing piston rod or extrusion head. Axial direction is the front-to-back direction, and circumferential direction is the circumferential direction surrounding this axis. The aforementioned pressure sensor can be directly installed in the hydraulic cylinder; the corresponding external extrusion force can be obtained through changes in hydraulic pressure.

[0026] Preferably, an outwardly extending mounting plate 421 perpendicular to the axial direction is fixed to the outer surface of the fan ring column 420. The outwardly extending mounting plate 421 can be integrally connected to the fan ring column 420, or other existing welding, pin connection, or other methods are acceptable. The piston rod of the peripheral hydraulic cylinder 52 is fixed to the rear part of the outwardly extending mounting plate 421, and the fixing method is the same as described above. In addition, the surrounding part 42 and the central cylindrical extrusion column 41 are generally structural components made of steel, which are simple and practical.

[0027] To better guide the fan-shaped ring column 420 and the central cylindrical extrusion column 41, the following design is implemented: An annular guide baffle 410 is formed on the outer surface of the central cylindrical extrusion column 41 near its rear end. An annular stepped groove 4200 extending forward from the rear side is formed on the inner surface of the fan-shaped ring column 420. All the annular stepped grooves 4200 can be assembled into a complete annular stepped groove, improving the relative movement guidance between the fan-shaped ring column 420 and the central cylindrical extrusion column 41, resulting in more stable operation and a limiting effect, with mutual restraint. Furthermore, ball bearings 4100 are fitted onto the outer periphery of the annular guide baffle 410, abutting against the annular stepped groove 4200. This essentially transforms the annular guide baffle 410 into a bearing-like structure, improving the smoothness of movement. The ball bearings 4100 can be existing bearing steel balls.

[0028] Furthermore, the annular guide baffle 410 forms an outer peripheral ball placement groove 4101 extending radially from the outer periphery to the center for placing the ball bearings 4100. The annular guide baffle 410 also has a lubricating oil injection hole 4102 extending from the rear side to the front side and communicating with the outer peripheral ball placement groove 4101. The annular guide baffle 410 also has an oil outlet hole 4103 extending from the front side to the rear side and communicating with the outer peripheral ball placement groove 4101. The lubricating oil injection hole 4102 can be connected to an oil injection pipe, which is connected to a lubricating oil tank. Oil delivery can be controlled by a power device such as an oil pump. The oil outlet hole 4103 delivers lubricating oil to the gap between the surrounding part 42 and the central cylindrical extrusion column 41 structure, allowing it to flow forward to the mold side. Simultaneously, lubricating oil also flows to the outer peripheral ball placement groove 4101 for the balls to use. Here, the lubricating oil not only ensures smooth operation of the extrusion structure but also makes demolding of the aluminum profile easier. It's worth mentioning that in existing aluminum alloy extrusion processes, nozzle oiling is a crucial step. Nozzle oiling involves placing a layer of lubricating oil between the extrusion head and the aluminum rod to reduce surface oxidation and impurity inclusions, ensuring the quality and processing efficiency of the aluminum alloy. It also effectively prevents surface oxidation and deterioration, guaranteeing excellent corrosion resistance and mechanical strength. With proper oiling, the aluminum alloy is fully lubricated during extrusion, reducing surface friction and energy loss, thereby improving processing efficiency and quality. The structural design in this embodiment eliminates the need for manual oiling, making it safer, more reliable, and more convenient.

[0029] Preferably, the lubricating oil injection hole 4102 and the oil outlet hole 4103 extend obliquely from back to front and towards the axis. The diameter of the oil outlet hole 4103 is smaller than that of the lubricating oil injection hole 4102, and the position of the oil outlet hole 4103 is closer to the axis than that of the lubricating oil injection hole 4102. The number of oil outlet holes 4103 can exceed the number of lubricating oil injection holes 4102, generally more than three times. This structure is more conducive to the flow of oil. Of course, for environmental protection and on-site cleanliness, an oil recovery tank can be provided on the lower side of the extrusion head to recycle and reuse the lubricating oil.

[0030] Preferably, the heating furnace 2 is equipped with several temperature sensors arranged in a circumferential array. The number of temperature sensors is the same as the number of fan ring columns 420, and their circumferential distribution can also be the same. These sensors are used to detect the temperature of various areas around the aluminum rod. If the temperature difference is large, it is necessary to control the fan ring columns 420 to move forward at different speeds to ensure the stability of the aluminum rod material flow. For example, the advancing speed should be faster in areas with lower temperatures to ensure the overall uniformity of flow.

[0031] The above structural design makes the aluminum rod extrusion process smoother and more controllable, enabling the production of higher quality and more consistent aluminum profiles.

[0032] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, and these modifications or substitutions should all be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A thick-walled aluminum profile extrusion equipment, comprising a worktable (1), wherein an extrusion mechanism, a heating furnace (2) movable back and forth in front of the extrusion mechanism, and an extrusion die (3) in front of the heating furnace (2), characterized in that, The extrusion mechanism includes an extrusion head and a power assembly for advancing the extrusion head back and forth. The extrusion head includes a central cylindrical extrusion column (41) located at the center and a surrounding portion (42) surrounding the central cylindrical extrusion column (41). The surrounding portion (42) can move back and forth relative to the central cylindrical extrusion column (41), and the surrounding portion (42) and the central cylindrical extrusion column (41) can be assembled into a complete cylinder. The power assembly includes an intermediate drive assembly for driving the central cylindrical extrusion column (41) and a peripheral drive assembly for driving the surrounding portion (42). Both the intermediate drive assembly and the peripheral drive assembly are equipped with pressure sensors.

2. The thick-walled aluminum profile extrusion equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surrounding portion (42) includes three or more fan-shaped columns (420) distributed circumferentially and can be assembled to form a complete cylinder.

3. The thick-walled aluminum profile extrusion equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The intermediate drive assembly includes a horizontally arranged intermediate hydraulic cylinder (51), the piston rod of which is fixedly connected to the rear end portion of the central cylindrical extrusion column (41).

4. The thick-walled aluminum profile extrusion equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The peripheral drive assembly includes peripheral hydraulic cylinders (52) that are connected to each of the sector ring columns (420), and all peripheral hydraulic cylinders (52) are distributed circumferentially.

5. The thick-walled aluminum profile extrusion equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that, An outwardly extending fixed mounting plate (421) perpendicular to the axial direction is fixed on the outer surface of the fan ring column (420), and the piston rod of the peripheral hydraulic cylinder (52) is fixed to the rear part of the outwardly extending fixed mounting plate (421).

6. The thick-walled aluminum profile extrusion equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, An annular guide baffle (410) is formed on the outer surface of the central cylindrical extrusion column (41) near the rear end. A fan-shaped annular stepped groove (4200) extending forward from the rear side is provided on the inner surface of the fan-shaped column (420). All the fan-shaped annular stepped grooves (4200) can be assembled into a complete annular stepped groove.

7. The thick-walled aluminum profile extrusion equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that, The outer periphery of the annular guide baffle (410) is fitted with ball bearings (4100), which abut against the annular stepped groove (4200).

8. The thick-walled aluminum profile extrusion equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that, The annular guide baffle (410) has an outer peripheral ball insertion groove (4101) extending from the outer periphery to the radial center for placing the ball (4100). The annular guide baffle (410) also has a lubricating oil injection hole (4102) extending from the rear side to the front side and communicating with the outer peripheral ball insertion groove (4101). The annular guide baffle (410) also has an oil outlet hole (4103) extending from the front side to the rear side and communicating with the outer peripheral ball insertion groove (4101).

9. The thick-walled aluminum profile extrusion equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that, The lubricating oil injection hole (4102) and the oil outlet hole (4103) are both inclined from back to front and towards the axis. The diameter of the oil outlet hole (4103) is smaller than that of the lubricating oil injection hole (4102). The position of the oil outlet hole (4103) is closer to the axis than that of the lubricating oil injection hole (4102).

10. The thick-walled aluminum profile extrusion equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that, The heating furnace (2) is equipped with several temperature sensors arranged in a circular array.

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