Railway uncoupling alarm system and method for uncoupling alarm of traction device
By combining redundant monitoring components and signal acquisition components, real-time hierarchical early warning of the traction device is realized, which solves the safety hazard caused by the loosening of the traction device in the existing technology and ensures the safe operation of rail vehicles.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CRRC DALIAN CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-09
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-24
AI Technical Summary
When existing traction devices break, detach, or fail between the traction seat and the traction rod, they pose a risk of rail vehicle overturning, and there is a lack of effective real-time monitoring and early warning mechanisms.
The system employs redundant monitoring components, including a displacement monitoring module and a mechanical triggering module, combined with signal acquisition components and alarm control components. Through multi-level alarm signals, it monitors the displacement, vibration, and acoustic emission of the traction seat, thereby achieving real-time hierarchical early warning for the traction device.
It provides real-time monitoring and timely graded early warning of the traction device, avoids false alarms, ensures driving safety, reduces false alarms caused by external impacts, and the system is stable and reliable in complex environments.
Smart Images
Figure CN121650722B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of railway locomotive technology, and in particular to a railway detachment alarm system and a traction device detachment alarm method. Background Technology
[0002] As a critical running gear structure, the bogie of a rail vehicle bears the core functions of supporting the weight of the car body and guiding the vehicle along the track. The connection device between the car body and the bogie is a key component for achieving dynamic coupling between the two. Among them, the traction device, as a core component, has the core function of ensuring the reliable transmission of traction and braking forces between the bogie and the car body, while accommodating the relative rotation and lateral displacement generated when the vehicle passes through curves. Currently, the mainstream traction device technologies mainly cover three forms: single-link traction devices, four-link traction devices, and center pin traction devices. Among them, single-link and four-link traction devices use one or two traction rods to transmit force. The traction rod is set on the traction seat, which is connected to the car body. However, this structure has significant safety hazards: when the traction seat and the traction rod break, detach, or fail severely, the transmission of traction force will be interrupted, leading to the risk of rail vehicle derailment and posing a serious threat to traffic safety. Summary of the Invention
[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a railway detachment alarm system that can monitor the detachment of the traction device in real time and provide timely graded early warnings, thereby improving the comprehensiveness of traction device detection.
[0004] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:
[0005] A railway detachment alarm system is used for a traction device, the traction device including a traction seat and a traction rod connected to each other, and the detachment alarm device including a redundant monitoring component, a signal acquisition component, and an alarm control component; wherein...
[0006] The redundant monitoring component includes a displacement monitoring module and a mechanical triggering module. The displacement monitoring module is used to monitor the displacement of the traction seat relative to the traction rod and can generate multiple levels of first alarm signals as the displacement gradually increases. The mechanical triggering module includes a mechanical triggering element disposed on the traction seat. The mechanical triggering module is used to generate a second alarm signal when the mechanical triggering element breaks. The breakage of the mechanical triggering element corresponds to the traction seat falling off the traction rod.
[0007] The signal acquisition component is used to acquire the vibration and acoustic emission signals of the traction seat, and generate a third alarm signal when the vibration and acoustic emission signals exceed a threshold.
[0008] The alarm control unit is used to receive the first alarm signal, the second alarm signal and the third alarm signal, and to perform an alarm action.
[0009] Preferably, the displacement monitoring module includes a pull rope displacement sensor, which is connected between the traction rod and the traction seat to monitor the displacement of the traction seat relative to the traction rod. The pull rope displacement sensor can generate multiple levels of the first alarm signal as the displacement gradually increases.
[0010] Preferably, the mechanical triggering module includes an inductive proximity switch, which is disposed on the traction rod. The sensing head of the inductive proximity switch is sleeved on the mechanical triggering member. The inductive proximity switch can generate the second alarm signal when the mechanical triggering member is broken by the sensing head.
[0011] Preferably, the mechanical trigger includes a shear pin, the shear pin having a breakable ring groove in the middle, and the sensing head being sleeved on the breakable ring groove.
[0012] Preferably, the signal acquisition component includes a triaxial accelerometer and a waterproof directional microphone. The triaxial accelerometer is used to acquire the vibration signal of the traction seat, and the waterproof directional microphone is used to acquire the acoustic emission signal of the traction seat.
[0013] Preferably, the alarm control unit includes a buzzer and an alarm light, and the alarm action of the alarm control unit includes: the buzzer sounding and / or the alarm light flashing.
[0014] Preferably, one end of the pull rope is connected to the traction rod, and the other end is connected to the traction seat. The pull rope is used to pull the traction seat after it falls off, so as to prevent the traction seat from detaching from the traction rod.
[0015] The present invention also provides a method for alarming the detachment of a traction device. By applying the above-mentioned railway detachment alarm system, the detachment of the traction device can be monitored in real time and timely graded early warning can be provided, thereby improving the comprehensiveness of the detection of the traction device.
[0016] A method for alarming traction device detachment, using the railway detachment alarm system described in any one of the above claims, the detachment alarm method comprising the following steps:
[0017] S100, the displacement monitoring module monitors the displacement of the traction seat relative to the traction rod, and the mechanical triggering module monitors the breakage of the mechanical triggering component;
[0018] S200: Determine whether the displacement of the traction seat relative to the traction rod has increased to the first threshold displacement; if so, the displacement monitoring module sends a first-level alarm signal to the alarm control unit, causing the alarm control unit to generate a first-level alarm, and continues to step S300.
[0019] S300: Determine whether the displacement of the traction seat relative to the traction rod has increased to the second threshold displacement; if so, the displacement monitoring module sends a second-level first alarm signal to the alarm control unit, causing the alarm control unit to switch from a first-level alarm to a second-level alarm, and continue to step S400;
[0020] S400. Determine whether the mechanical trigger is broken; if so, the mechanical trigger module sends a second alarm signal to the alarm control module, causing the alarm control to switch from a level 2 alarm to a level 3 alarm.
[0021] Preferably, it also includes:
[0022] S500, the signal acquisition component acquires the vibration and acoustic emission signals of the traction seat in real time;
[0023] S600. Determine whether the following conditions are met simultaneously: whether the vibration and acoustic emission signals of the traction seat increase to the loosening threshold signal, and whether the alarm control unit generates a first-level warning.
[0024] If so, the signal acquisition component sends a third alarm signal to the alarm control module, causing the alarm control device to switch from a first-level alarm to a second-level alarm, and then proceeds to step S400.
[0025] Preferably, the alarm control component includes a buzzer and an alarm light;
[0026] The first-level alarm includes: the buzzer starting to sound and the alarm light starting to flash;
[0027] The secondary alarm includes: increasing the sounding frequency of the buzzer and the flashing frequency of the alarm light;
[0028] The third-level alarm includes: the buzzer and the alarm light maintaining the action of the second-level alarm, and the alarm control unit sending an emergency braking signal to the central control unit of the locomotive to cause the locomotive to brake suddenly.
[0029] Beneficial effects:
[0030] The railway detachment alarm system provided by this invention uses a redundant monitoring component to monitor the detachment of the traction seat from both displacement sensing and mechanical triggering perspectives. The signal acquisition component detects the detachment through vibration and acoustic emission signals from the traction seat. Specifically, the redundant monitoring component includes a displacement monitoring module and a mechanical triggering module. The displacement monitoring module detects the displacement of the traction seat relative to the traction rod. As the deformation and detachment of the traction seat relative to the traction rod increases, the displacement also increases. During this process, the displacement monitoring module generates multiple levels of first alarm signals as the displacement gradually increases. These multiple first alarm signals increase in level, corresponding to increasingly severe detachment of the traction seat. The mechanical triggering module includes a mechanical trigger element mounted on the traction seat. The breakage of the mechanical trigger element corresponds to the detachment of the traction seat. When the mechanical trigger element breaks, the mechanical triggering module generates a second alarm signal, indicating that the traction seat has detached. As the traction seat gradually loosens, its vibration and noise increase. The signal acquisition component collects the vibration and acoustic emission signals of the traction seat, reflecting its loosening status. When the vibration and acoustic emission signals reach a threshold, the signal acquisition component generates a third alarm signal. The alarm control unit then provides differentiated alarm actions based on the received first, second, and third alarm signals. This tiered alarm response provides timely and effective warnings to operators, preventing false alarms or over-judgments.
[0031] The traction device detachment alarm method provided in this embodiment utilizes the aforementioned railway detachment alarm system. First, during locomotive operation, when the traction seat becomes detached, the displacement of the traction seat relative to the traction rod gradually increases. The displacement monitoring module monitors the displacement of the traction seat relative to the traction rod, and the mechanical triggering module monitors the breakage of the mechanical trigger component. It determines whether the displacement of the traction seat relative to the traction rod has increased to a first threshold displacement; if so, the displacement monitoring module sends a first-level alarm signal to the alarm control module, causing the alarm control module to generate a first-level alarm. A first-level alarm indicates an abnormality in the traction device, requiring attention. Further, as the displacement of the traction seat increases further, it determines whether the displacement of the traction seat relative to the traction rod has increased to a second threshold displacement; if so, the displacement monitoring module sends a second-level alarm signal to the alarm control module, causing the alarm control module to switch from a first-level alarm to a second-level alarm. A second-level alarm indicates a serious abnormality in the traction device, requiring speed-limited operation and notification to ground dispatch. As the traction seat further detaches until it completely falls off, the mechanical trigger component breaks, and the mechanical triggering module sends a second alarm signal to the alarm control module, causing the alarm control module to switch from a second-level alarm to a third-level alarm. A Level 3 alarm indicates a traction failure, requiring the locomotive to be braked urgently. This process provides differentiated alarm actions and tiered responses, offering timely and effective warnings to operators and preventing misjudgments or over-interpretations. Attached Figure Description
[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the railway loosening alarm system provided by the present invention;
[0033] Figure 2 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the railway loosening alarm system provided by the present invention;
[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the shear pin provided by the present invention;
[0035] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the traction device detachment alarm method provided by the present invention.
[0036] In the picture:
[0037] 110. Towing seat; 120. Towing bar;
[0038] 1. Cable displacement sensor;
[0039] 2. Inductive proximity switch; 21. Sensing head;
[0040] 3. Shear pin; 31. Fragile ring groove;
[0041] 4. Triaxial accelerometer;
[0042] 5. Waterproof directional microphone;
[0043] 6. Pull rope. Detailed Implementation
[0044] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0045] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. The terms "first position" and "second position" refer to two different positions. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the first feature in relation to the second feature includes the first feature directly above and diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "under," and "below" the first feature in relation to the second feature includes the first feature directly below and diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.
[0046] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.
[0047] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
[0048] This embodiment provides a loosening alarm system for railway use. (Refer to...) Figures 1 to 3As shown, a railway detachment alarm system is used in a traction device, which includes a traction seat 110 and a traction rod 120 connected to each other. The detachment alarm system includes a redundant monitoring component, a signal acquisition component, and an alarm control component. The redundant monitoring component includes a displacement monitoring module and a mechanical triggering module. The displacement monitoring module monitors the displacement of the traction seat 110 relative to the traction rod 120 and generates multiple levels of first alarm signals as the displacement gradually increases. The mechanical triggering module includes a mechanical trigger element mounted on the traction seat 110. The mechanical triggering module generates a second alarm signal when the mechanical trigger element breaks, corresponding to the traction seat 110 detaching from the traction rod 120. The signal acquisition component collects vibration and acoustic emission signals from the traction seat 110 and generates a third alarm signal when the vibration and acoustic emission signals exceed a threshold. The alarm control component receives the first, second, and third alarm signals and performs alarm actions.
[0049] In this embodiment, the traction seat 110 is disposed on the locomotive body, and the traction rod 120 is disposed on the locomotive bogie.
[0050] In this embodiment, the redundant monitoring component can monitor the loosening of the traction seat 110 from both displacement sensing and mechanical triggering aspects. The signal acquisition component detects the loosening of the traction seat 110 through vibration and acoustic emission signals. Specifically, the redundant monitoring component includes a displacement monitoring module and a mechanical triggering module. The displacement monitoring module is used to detect the displacement of the traction seat 110 relative to the traction rod 120. As the deformation and loosening of the traction seat 110 relative to the traction rod 120 increases, the displacement of the traction seat 110 relative to the traction rod 120 also increases. During this process, the displacement monitoring module generates multiple levels of first alarm signals as the displacement gradually increases. The multiple first alarm signals increase in level according to the severity of the loosening of the traction seat 110. The mechanical triggering module includes a mechanical trigger element disposed on the traction seat 110. The breakage of the mechanical trigger element corresponds to the detachment of the traction seat 110. When the mechanical trigger element breaks, the mechanical triggering module generates a second alarm signal, indicating that the traction seat 110 has detached. As the traction seat 110 gradually loosens, its vibration and noise increase. The signal acquisition component collects the vibration and acoustic emission signals of the traction seat 110, reflecting its loosening status. When the vibration and acoustic emission signals reach a threshold, the signal acquisition component generates a third alarm signal. The alarm control unit can then provide differentiated alarm actions based on the received first, second, and third alarm signals, providing tiered alarm responses and timely and effective warnings to operators, avoiding false alarms or over-judgments.
[0051] In this embodiment, the displacement monitoring module includes a pull-rope displacement sensor 1, which is connected between the traction rod 120 and the traction seat 110. The pull-rope displacement sensor 1 monitors the displacement of the traction seat 110 relative to the traction rod 120. The pull-rope displacement sensor 1 can generate multiple levels of first alarm signals as the displacement gradually increases. Specifically, the pull-rope displacement sensor 1 includes a sensing body and a pull rope. The sensing body is fixed to the traction rod, one end of the pull rope is attached to the sensing body, and the other end is connected to the traction seat 110. Specifically, when the traction seat 110 displaces relative to the traction rod 120, the pull rope is pulled out by a certain length. By detecting the length of the pulled rope, the displacement of the traction seat 110 relative to the traction rod 120 can be monitored in real time.
[0052] In this embodiment, two rope displacement sensors 1 are provided, and the two rope displacement sensors 1 are arranged at intervals between the mechanical triggering modules.
[0053] In this embodiment, the mechanical triggering module includes an inductive proximity switch 2, which is mounted on the traction rod 120. The sensing head 21 of the inductive proximity switch 2 is sleeved on the mechanical trigger element. The inductive proximity switch 2 can generate a second alarm signal when the mechanical trigger element is broken by the sensing head 21. Specifically, the sensing head 21 is made of metal. As the displacement of the traction seat 110 relative to the traction rod 120 increases, the pulling force of the sensing head 21 of the inductive proximity switch 2 on the mechanical trigger element also increases. When the traction seat 110 is disengaged, the pulling force of the sensing head 21 on the mechanical trigger element reaches its maximum, breaking the mechanical trigger element. After breaking, the metal sensing head 21 falls towards the inductive proximity switch 2 and enters the sensing area of the inductive proximity switch 2, thereby causing the inductive proximity switch 2 to generate a second alarm signal.
[0054] Specifically, the mechanical trigger includes a shear pin 3, with a breakable ring groove 31 in the middle of the shear pin 3, and the sensing head 21 is sleeved on the breakable ring groove 31. Specifically, the breakable ring groove 31 is provided on the shear pin 3 to facilitate the sleeve positioning of the sensing head 21 of the inductive proximity switch 2, and to enable the sensing head 21 to effectively break the shear pin 3 when the pulling force reaches a certain magnitude.
[0055] In this embodiment, the signal acquisition component includes a triaxial accelerometer 4 and a waterproof directional microphone 5. The triaxial accelerometer 4 is used to acquire the vibration signal of the traction seat 110, and the waterproof directional microphone 5 is used to acquire the acoustic emission signal of the traction seat 110.
[0056] In this embodiment, the alarm control unit includes a buzzer and an alarm light. The alarm actions of the alarm control unit include: the buzzer sounding and / or the alarm light flashing. Specifically, as the alarm level generated by the alarm control unit changes, the sounding frequency of the buzzer and the flashing frequency of the alarm light will also change accordingly.
[0057] In this embodiment, the railway detachment alarm system also includes a pull rope 6. One end of the pull rope 6 is connected to the traction rod 120, and the other end is connected to the traction seat 110. The pull rope 6 is used to pull the traction seat 110 after it detaches, preventing the traction seat 110 from detaching from the traction rod 120. In this embodiment, when the traction seat 110 completely detaches, the pull rope 6 can pull the traction seat 110, preventing it from falling and hitting people or other objects. The pull rope 6 can also catch the falling traction seat 110, effectively preventing secondary disasters.
[0058] Specifically, the length of the pull rope 6 is L1, and the total length of the pull rope after it is pulled out when the shear pin 3 breaks is L2. L1 is greater than L2.
[0059] In this embodiment, two pull ropes 6 are provided, and the two pull ropes 6 are spaced apart between the mechanical triggering modules.
[0060] This embodiment also provides a method for alarming traction device detachment. Further reference... Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the traction device detachment alarm method uses the aforementioned railway detachment alarm system, and the traction device detachment alarm method includes the following steps:
[0061] S100, the displacement monitoring module monitors the displacement of the traction seat 110 relative to the traction rod 120, and the mechanical triggering module monitors the breakage of the mechanical triggering component;
[0062] S200: Determine whether the displacement of the traction seat 110 relative to the traction rod 120 has increased to the first threshold displacement; if so, the displacement monitoring module sends a first-level alarm signal to the alarm control unit, causing the alarm control unit to generate a first-level alarm, and continues to step S300.
[0063] S300: Determine whether the displacement of the traction seat 110 relative to the traction rod 120 has increased to the second threshold displacement; if so, the displacement monitoring module sends a second-level first alarm signal to the alarm control unit, causing the alarm control unit to switch from a first-level alarm to a second-level alarm, and continue to step S400.
[0064] S400: Determine if the mechanical trigger is broken; if so, the mechanical trigger module sends a second alarm signal to the alarm control module, causing the alarm control module to switch from a level 2 alarm to a level 3 alarm.
[0065] Specifically, during locomotive operation, when the traction seat 110 becomes loose, the displacement of the traction seat 110 relative to the traction rod 120 gradually increases. The displacement monitoring module monitors the displacement of the traction seat 110 relative to the traction rod 120, and the mechanical triggering module monitors the breakage of the mechanical trigger component. It determines whether the displacement of the traction seat 110 relative to the traction rod 120 has increased to a first threshold displacement; if so, the displacement monitoring module sends a first-level alarm signal to the alarm control unit, causing the alarm control unit to generate a first-level alarm. A first-level alarm indicates an abnormality in the traction device, requiring attention. Further, as the displacement of the traction seat 110 increases further, it determines whether the displacement of the traction seat 110 relative to the traction rod 120 has increased to a second threshold displacement; if so, the displacement monitoring module sends a second-level alarm signal to the alarm control unit, causing the alarm control unit to switch from a first-level alarm to a second-level alarm. A second-level alarm indicates a serious abnormality in the traction device, requiring speed-limited operation and notification to ground dispatch. As the traction seat 110 further loosens until it completely detaches, the mechanical trigger breaks. At this point, the mechanical trigger module sends a second alarm signal to the alarm control module, causing the alarm control module to switch from a level two alarm to a level three alarm. A level three alarm indicates that the traction device has failed, requiring the locomotive to be braked urgently. The above process provides differentiated alarm actions and graded alarm responses, thus providing operators with timely and effective warnings and avoiding false alarms or overjudgments. In addition, the displacement monitoring module and the mechanical trigger module provide redundant settings for real-time monitoring, effectively avoiding false alarms caused by external single-point impacts, ensuring the system remains stable and reliable even in complex and harsh environments.
[0066] In this embodiment, the first threshold displacement is l1, and the second threshold displacement is l2. Wherein, l1 < l2.
[0067] For example, when the displacement of the traction seat 110 relative to the traction rod 120 increases to l1, the displacement monitoring module sends a first-level alarm signal to the alarm control unit, causing the alarm control unit to generate a first-level alarm. When the displacement of the traction seat 110 relative to the traction rod 120 continues to increase to l2, the displacement monitoring module sends a second-level alarm signal to the alarm control unit, causing the alarm control unit to switch from a first-level alarm to a second-level alarm. At the instant the traction seat 110 completely detaches, the displacement of the traction seat 110 relative to the traction rod 120 increases to l3. At this time, the mechanical trigger breaks, which can trigger the failure of the traction device. At this time, the mechanical trigger module sends a second alarm signal to the alarm control module, causing the alarm control unit to switch from a second-level alarm to a third-level alarm.
[0068] In this embodiment, the loosening alarm method further includes:
[0069] The S500 signal acquisition component collects the vibration and acoustic emission signals of the traction seat 110 in real time.
[0070] S600, Determine whether the following conditions are met simultaneously: the vibration and acoustic emission signals of the traction seat 110 increase to the loosening threshold signal, and the alarm control unit generates a first-level warning;
[0071] If so, the signal acquisition component sends a third alarm signal to the alarm control module, causing the alarm control unit to switch from a first-level alarm to a second-level alarm, and then proceeds to step S400.
[0072] Specifically, based on the vibration and acoustic emission signals of the traction seat 110, the alarm control unit can continuously analyze the vibration and acoustic emission signals. The loosening threshold signal corresponds to the acoustic vibration characteristic frequency signal corresponding to "bolt loosening" or "crack propagation" on the traction seat 110. The correspondence between the phenomenon of "bolt loosening" or "crack propagation" on the traction seat 110 and the corresponding acoustic vibration characteristic frequency signal can be obtained through AI fitting prediction analysis. When the detected vibration and acoustic emission signals increase to the loosening threshold signal, it indicates that the surface of the traction seat 110 may experience adverse phenomena such as "bolt loosening" or "crack propagation". At this time, the signal acquisition component sends a third alarm signal to the alarm control module. If the alarm control unit has already output a first-level alarm, the alarm level of the alarm control unit is upgraded, causing the alarm control unit to switch from a first-level alarm to a second-level alarm. By acquiring the vibration and acoustic emission signals of the traction seat 110 and continuously analyzing the vibration and acoustic emission signals through the alarm control unit, the safety defense line is significantly moved forward, realizing the transformation from "post-fault handling" to "pre-fault prediction", which can guide predictive maintenance and avoid the development of hidden faults.
[0073] In this embodiment, the alarm control unit includes a buzzer and an alarm light; a first-level alarm includes: the buzzer starts to sound and the alarm light starts to flash; a second-level alarm includes: the sounding frequency of the buzzer and the flashing frequency of the alarm light are increased; a third-level alarm includes: the buzzer and the alarm light maintain the action of the second-level alarm, and the alarm control unit sends an emergency braking signal to the central control unit of the locomotive to cause the locomotive to brake suddenly.
[0074] Specifically, when the displacement of the traction seat 110 relative to the traction rod 120 increases to the first threshold displacement, the displacement monitoring module sends a first-level alarm signal to the alarm control unit, causing the alarm control unit to generate a first-level alarm. When the first-level alarm is activated, the buzzer begins to sound and the alarm light begins to flash, indicating that the traction device has an abnormality and attention is advised. When the displacement of the traction seat 110 relative to the traction rod 120 increases to the second threshold displacement, or when the vibration and acoustic emission signals of the traction seat 110 increase to the loosening threshold signal, the displacement monitoring module sends a second-level alarm signal to the alarm control unit, causing the alarm control unit to generate a second-level alarm. When the second-level alarm is activated, the sounding frequency of the buzzer and the flashing frequency of the alarm light both increase significantly, indicating a serious abnormality in the traction device, requiring speed-limited operation, and ground dispatch is notified. When the traction seat 110 completely detaches, the mechanical trigger breaks, and the mechanical trigger module sends a second alarm signal to the alarm control module, causing the alarm control unit to switch from a second-level alarm to a third-level alarm. When the Level 2 alarm is activated, the buzzer and alarm light maintain the Level 2 alarm action, and at the same time, the alarm control unit sends an emergency braking signal to the locomotive's central control unit to cause the locomotive to brake suddenly.
[0075] In summary, the railway loosening alarm system and traction device loosening alarm method provided in this embodiment collect vibration signals from the traction seat 110 through a signal acquisition component. AI fitting and predictive analysis are used to determine the degree of "bolt loosening" or "crack propagation" on the traction seat 110, and this is compared with a loosening threshold signal that can provide feedback on the threshold level. This significantly advances the safety defense line, realizing a shift from "post-fault handling" to "pre-fault prediction," guiding predictive maintenance and preventing the development of hidden faults. Furthermore, the displacement monitoring module and mechanical triggering module provide redundant settings for real-time monitoring, effectively enabling differentiated alarm actions and graded alarm responses. This provides operators with timely and effective warnings, avoiding false alarms or overjudgments, and effectively preventing false alarms caused by external single-point impacts, ensuring the system remains stable and reliable even in complex and harsh environments.
[0076] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make other variations or modifications based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively describe all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.
Claims
1. A railway detachment alarm system for a traction device, the traction device comprising a traction seat (110) and a traction rod (120) connected to each other, characterized in that, The railway detachment alarm system includes redundant monitoring components, signal acquisition components, and alarm control components; among which... The redundant monitoring component includes a displacement monitoring module and a mechanical triggering module. The displacement monitoring module is used to monitor the displacement of the traction seat (110) relative to the traction rod (120) and can generate multiple levels of first alarm signals as the displacement gradually increases. The mechanical triggering module includes a mechanical triggering element disposed on the traction seat (110). The mechanical triggering module is used to generate a second alarm signal when the mechanical triggering element breaks. The breakage of the mechanical triggering element corresponds to the traction seat (110) falling off the traction rod (120). The signal acquisition component is used to acquire the vibration and acoustic emission signals of the traction seat (110), and generate a third alarm signal when the vibration and acoustic emission signals exceed the threshold. The alarm control unit is used to receive the first alarm signal, the second alarm signal and the third alarm signal, and to perform an alarm action; The displacement monitoring module includes a pull rope displacement sensor (1), which is connected between the traction rod (120) and the traction seat (110) to monitor the displacement of the traction seat (110) relative to the traction rod (120). The pull rope displacement sensor (1) can generate multiple levels of the first alarm signal as the displacement gradually increases. The mechanical triggering module includes an inductive proximity switch (2), which is mounted on the traction rod (120). The sensing head (21) of the inductive proximity switch (2) is sleeved on the mechanical triggering component. The inductive proximity switch (2) can generate the second alarm signal when the mechanical triggering component is broken by the sensing head (21). The signal acquisition component includes a triaxial accelerometer (4) and a waterproof directional microphone (5). The triaxial accelerometer (4) is used to acquire the vibration signal of the traction seat (110), and the waterproof directional microphone (5) is used to acquire the acoustic emission signal of the traction seat (110).
2. The railway loosening alarm system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mechanical trigger includes a shear pin (3), and a breakable ring groove (31) is provided in the middle of the shear pin (3). The sensing head (21) is sleeved on the breakable ring groove (31).
3. The railway loosening alarm system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The alarm control unit includes a buzzer and an alarm light, and the alarm action of the alarm control unit includes: the buzzer sounding and / or the alarm light flashing.
4. The railway loosening alarm system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a pull rope (6), one end of which is connected to the traction rod (120) and the other end is connected to the traction seat (110). The pull rope (6) is used to pull the traction seat (110) after it falls off, so as to prevent the traction seat (110) from falling off the traction rod (120).
5. A method for alarming traction device detachment, using the railway detachment alarm system according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The traction device detachment alarm method includes the following steps: S100, the displacement monitoring module monitors the displacement of the traction seat (110) relative to the traction rod (120), and the mechanical triggering module monitors the breakage of the mechanical triggering element; S200: Determine whether the displacement of the traction seat (110) relative to the traction rod (120) has increased to the first threshold displacement; if so, the displacement monitoring module sends a first-level alarm signal to the alarm control unit, causing the alarm control unit to generate a first-level alarm, and continues to step S300. S300: Determine whether the displacement of the traction seat (110) relative to the traction rod (120) has increased to the second threshold displacement; if so, the displacement monitoring module sends a second-level first alarm signal to the alarm control unit, so that the alarm control unit switches from a first-level alarm to a second-level alarm, and continues to step S400. S400. Determine whether the mechanical trigger is broken; if so, the mechanical trigger module sends a second alarm signal to the alarm control module, causing the alarm control to switch from a level 2 alarm to a level 3 alarm.
6. The traction device detachment alarm method according to claim 5, characterized in that, Also includes: S500, the signal acquisition component acquires the vibration and acoustic emission signals of the traction seat (110) in real time; S600, determine whether the following conditions are met simultaneously: whether the vibration and acoustic emission signals of the traction seat (110) increase to the loosening threshold signal, and whether the alarm control unit generates a first-level warning; If so, the signal acquisition component sends a third alarm signal to the alarm control module, causing the alarm control unit to switch from a first-level alarm to a second-level alarm, and then proceeds to step S400.
7. The traction device detachment alarm method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The alarm control unit includes a buzzer and an alarm light; The first-level alarm includes: the buzzer starting to sound and the alarm light starting to flash; The secondary alarm includes: increasing the sounding frequency of the buzzer and the flashing frequency of the alarm light; The third-level alarm includes: the buzzer and the alarm light maintaining the action of the second-level alarm, and the alarm control unit sending an emergency braking signal to the central control unit of the locomotive to cause the locomotive to brake suddenly.