Plant residue decomposition culture experiment station and experiment method

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of decomposition experiments, and particularly discloses a plant residue decomposition culture experiment station which comprises a cabin body with a cabin, a decomposition area, a culture area, a passing area, a water injection area, an extraction area and a sampling area are arranged in the cabin body, and an object taking arm assembly and a temperature and humidity adjusting device are installed in the passing area. A first transfer box and a second transfer box are placed in the decomposition area, a culture dish is arranged in the first transfer box, and a culture cylinder is arranged in the second transfer box. Comprising the steps of raw material treatment, sample proportioning, boxing fermentation, decomposition degree comparison, fermentation liquid preparation, fermentation liquid extraction, seed culture, germination index analysis and the like, an experiment station can be directly placed at a position close to a production area for experiments, the time in the sample transportation process is shortened, and the influence of oxidation is avoided; and all the steps can be automatically completed, and the environmental conditions are unified, so that the experimental period is shortened, and the accuracy of experimental results and data is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of composting experiments, and specifically relates to a plant residue composting culture experimental station and experimental method. Background Technology

[0002] Hemp plants such as sisal and abaca are widely used in industries such as rope making, carpet manufacturing, and paper production due to the abundance of long and tough fibers in their leaves and leaf sheaths. However, in the traditional extraction process of long-fiber hemp, 90% to 96% of the residue (including mesophyll tissue, pectin, hemicellulose, and a small amount of unseparated fibers) is usually discarded or simply incinerated, causing serious resource waste and environmental pollution. However, this residue contains abundant polysaccharides (such as pectin and hemicellulose), proteins, minerals, and antioxidants, possessing significant reuse value. One highly economically valuable application is the composting of this residue for fertilizer production.

[0003] To understand the effects of different composting agents on hemp plant residues and the growth-promoting effects of fermentation broth, a comparative experiment of composting and cultivation was conducted. The usual practice is to collect the plant residues at the processing site, transport them to the laboratory, divide the residue samples into multiple treatment portions, and then perform composting and fermentation on each treatment portion. The fermentation broth is then extracted with water and injected into petri dishes containing seeds for cultivation. The growth of seeds in different petri dishes is then observed and compared. During the experiment, the plant residues require long-term storage and transportation, and the large number of samples makes the manual operation not only cumbersome and inefficient, but also prone to errors due to different personnel handling. Samples are also susceptible to oxidation, deterioration, and contamination during handling. Furthermore, due to the long composting and cultivation periods, the environmental conditions of samples at different times are uncontrollable and difficult to standardize, thus significantly impacting the accuracy of the data.

[0004] The above background information is provided only to aid in understanding the inventive concept and technical solution of this invention. It does not necessarily belong to the prior art of this patent application. In the absence of clear evidence that the above information was disclosed on the filing date of this patent application, the above background information should not be used to evaluate the novelty and inventiveness of this application. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a plant residue composting culture experimental station and experimental method, thereby overcoming the shortcomings of existing plant residue composting culture experiments, such as low efficiency and large errors in manual operation, easy exposure of samples to oxidation and contamination, difficulty in unifying experimental environmental conditions, and low experimental accuracy.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a plant residue composting and cultivation experimental station, comprising a chamber, wherein a compartment is provided within the chamber and a sample-taking arm assembly is installed, and a temperature and humidity control device is installed within the compartment. One end of the chamber is provided with a first sample-taking port and a second sample-taking port. Composting zones and cultivation zones are provided on both sides of the compartment. A passageway for the sample-taking arm assembly is provided between the composting zone and the cultivation zone. One end of the compartment is provided with a water injection zone, an extraction zone, and a sampling zone. The extraction zone corresponds to the first sample-taking port, and the sampling zone corresponds to the second sample-taking port. The station also includes a first transfer box containing culture dishes. A second transfer box is stacked on top of the first transfer box and contains a culture cylinder. The bottom of the culture cylinder has a liquid outlet hole, the position of which corresponds to the position of the culture dish. The sample-taking arm assembly has a tray, which can support the bottom of the first transfer box and transfer it between the composting zone, the cultivation zone, the water injection zone, the extraction zone, and the sampling zone.

[0007] Preferably, in the above technical solution, the culture tube is provided with a piston cover, which can move along the inner wall of the culture tube. A water injection hole is provided on the piston, and a rubber plug is installed at the opening of the water injection hole. A cross slit is provided in the center of the rubber plug. The culture tube is also provided with a filter screen, which blocks the liquid outlet hole.

[0008] Preferably, in the above technical solution, a spring valve body is installed at the liquid outlet, the top of the spring valve body is provided with a first water passage hole, the bottom of the spring valve body extends downward from the liquid outlet hole and is provided with a second water passage hole, and the second water passage hole is provided with a spring cover, which can open the spring cover when the pressure inside the culture tube increases.

[0009] Preferably, in the above technical solution, the extraction area is provided with a pressing device, the pressing device is provided with a push rod that can move downward, the end of the push rod is provided with a pressing head, the position of the pressing head corresponds to the position of the piston cover, the bottom of the pressing head is provided with a rubber pad, the rubber pad can abut against the top of the rubber plug and seal the cross seam.

[0010] Preferably, in the above technical solution, the water injection area is provided with a water injection device, the water injection device is provided with a downward movable water injection pipe, the position of the water injection pipe corresponds to the position of the cross slit, and each water injection pipe is independently provided with a solenoid valve. When the water injection pipe moves downward, the water outlet end of the water injection pipe can push open the rubber plug and inject water into the culture tube.

[0011] Preferably, in the above technical solution, the composting area and the cultivation area are provided with several layers of racks, each layer of racks is arranged at intervals along the vertical direction, and each layer of racks is provided with several storage compartments arranged side by side. The bottom of each storage compartment is provided with several first pins and has a first clearance opening. The width of the first clearance opening is greater than the width of the tray and allows the tray to pass through the first clearance opening. The tray is provided with several second pins, and the bottom of the first transfer box is provided with a first pin hole and a second pin hole that match the first pins and the second pins.

[0012] Preferably, in the above technical solution, the water injection area, the extraction area, and the sampling area are respectively provided with a first bracket, a second bracket, and a third bracket. The first bracket, the second bracket, and the third bracket are each provided with a second clearance opening. The width of the second clearance opening is greater than the length of the tray and allows the tray to pass through the second clearance opening. The first bracket, the second bracket, and the third bracket are provided with a third pin, and the third pin matches the first pin hole.

[0013] Preferably, in the above technical solution, the first transfer box is provided with a detachable first partition, which can separate each of the culture dishes; the second transfer box is provided with a detachable second partition, which has a plurality of positioning slots, and the culture tube is inserted into the positioning slots for positioning.

[0014] Preferably, in the above technical solution, the retrieval arm assembly includes a first movable frame, a first guide rail, a second movable frame, a second guide rail, and a third guide rail; the first guide rail is installed in the passage area and its two ends are perpendicular to the two end faces of the compartment; the first movable frame is slidably matched and installed with the first guide rail and driven by a first drive unit; the second guide rail is installed vertically on the first movable frame; the second movable frame is slidably matched and installed with the second guide rail and driven by a second drive unit; the third guide rail is installed horizontally on the second movable frame; the two ends of the third guide rail are perpendicular to the two sides of the compartment; and the tray is slidably matched and installed with the third guide rail and driven by a third drive unit.

[0015] On the other hand, to achieve the above objectives, the present invention also provides a method for the composting and cultivation of plant residues, which requires the use of the plant residue composting and cultivation experimental station described above, and includes the following steps: Step 1, Raw material processing: Remove loose fibers and impurities from the recycled plant residue. The plant residue should be fresh, clean, free from mold and pollution. Step 2, Sample preparation: Divide the plant residue into several treatment portions, where the first treatment portion is pure plant residue, and the remaining treatment portions are pure plant residue mixed with composting agent. Each treatment portion is further divided into 12 replicate small treatment portions. Place all the small treatment portions into the culture tube. Step 3, Fermentation in boxes: Take small portions of culture tubes with different ingredients and mix them into the same second transfer box. Place a petri dish in the first transfer box below it, line the petri dish with filter paper, and put an equal amount of Chinese cabbage seeds in each petri dish. Then, the picking arm assembly puts the first transfer box and the second transfer box into the composting area at the same time for fermentation. Step 4, Comparison of the degree of decomposition: 3 samples were taken from each of the 12 sub-processes in each treatment, and the sampling was carried out every 7 days. The sampling arm assembly transported the second transfer box containing the sample and the first transfer box from the decomposition area to the extraction area. The experimenter observed and recorded the changes in color, odor and softness of the sample from the first sampling port. Step 5: Making fermentation broth: The sampling arm assembly transports the second transfer box and the first transfer box, which contain the observed samples from the previous step, to the water injection area. Tap water is added to the culture tube, and then the sampling arm assembly puts the first transfer box and the second transfer box back to the composting area and lets them stand for 24 hours. Step 6: Extracting Fermentation Broth: The picking arm assembly transports the culture tube containing the soaked fermentation broth from the previous step, together with the second transfer box and the first transfer box, to the extraction area, so that the fermentation broth flows from the culture tube into the petri dish. Then, the experimenter removes the used culture tube and the corresponding second transfer box from the first picking port. Step 7, Seed Culture: The picking arm assembly transfers the first transport box containing the culture dish from the previous step to the culture area. An additional control group culture dish containing only water and seeds needs to be placed in the culture area, and then cultured for 48 hours. Step 8: Germination Index Analysis: The sampling arm assembly transfers the first transport box containing the culture dishes after 48 hours of cultivation to the sampling area. The experimenter removes the first transport box as a whole from the second sampling port and compares and analyzes the germination index of the seeds in each culture dish.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. The plant residue composting and cultivation experimental station of this invention, by setting up a movable chamber, can be placed directly near the production area for experiments. This not only reduces the time spent transporting samples and avoids the effects of oxidation, but also includes temperature and humidity control devices. Furthermore, composting and fermentation, seed transfer, seed culture, and the preparation and extraction of fermentation broth are all automatically completed within the chamber under consistent environmental conditions. This not only shortens the experimental cycle and the time samples are exposed to air during the operation process, but also avoids errors from manual operation and contamination by other microorganisms, thus improving the accuracy of experimental results and data.

[0017] 2. In this invention, the culture dishes and culture tubes are placed in the first and second transfer boxes, respectively. The second transfer box is stacked on top of the first transfer box, so that the liquid outlet of the culture tube is directly opposite the mouth of the culture dish. The culture tube is equipped with a piston cap. When transferring, the second transfer box can be transferred simultaneously with the first transfer box. The fermentation liquid in each culture tube can be pressed into the corresponding culture dish by the pressing device. The operator can take out the second transfer box containing the culture tube with the extracted fermentation liquid from the first extraction port. This process not only avoids the separate transfer of the first and second transfer boxes, reducing the cumbersome procedures in the experimental process, but also shortens the extraction time of the fermentation liquid.

[0018] 3. The culture tube of this invention is equipped with a spring valve body at the liquid outlet, and a spring cover is provided at the bottom of the spring valve body. A rubber plug is provided in the middle of the piston cover. A cross slit is opened in the center of the rubber plug. When the fermentation agent and the sample are fermenting, the gas discharged can push the rubber plug open and be discharged from the cross slit. Then the cross slit closes quickly to prevent oxygen from entering. When water is injected, the water pipe can push the rubber plug open to inject water into the culture tube. When the water pipe is pulled out, the cross slit can also close automatically. When the pressure head pushes the piston cover downward, the rubber pad and the rubber plug stick together to seal the cross slit. When the piston moves downward, the pressure inside the culture tube increases, thereby pushing the spring cover open and allowing the fermentation liquid to flow out.

[0019] 4. The water injection area, extraction area and sampling area of ​​the present invention are respectively provided with a first bracket, a second bracket and a third bracket. The first bracket and the second bracket can support the first transfer box and the second transfer box, thereby increasing the support force on the box body during water injection and pressing, and preventing it from tipping over. The third bracket serves to temporarily store the sample, so that the staff can temporarily observe the sample through the second retrieval port or take away the first transfer box and the seed sample. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the plant residue composting and cultivation experimental station in Example 1.

[0021] Figure 2This is a structural diagram of the plant residue composting and cultivation experimental station in Example 1 from another angle.

[0022] Figure 3 This is an internal structural diagram of the plant residue composting and cultivation experimental station in Example 1.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the object-grabbing arm assembly in Example 1.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the pressure device and water injection device in Example 1.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the first transport box and the culture dish in Example 1.

[0026] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the first transfer box from the bottom view in Example 1.

[0027] Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of the second transport box and culture tube in Example 1.

[0028] Figure 9 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the culture tube in Example 1.

[0029] Figure 10 This is a flowchart of the experimental method for composting and culturing plant residues in Example 2.

[0030] Explanation of key figure labels: 100-Chamber, 101-Chamber, 102-First retrieval port, 103-Second retrieval port, 104-Inspection port, 110-Temperature and humidity control device, 120-Composting zone, 130-Cultivation zone, 140-Passage zone, 150-Water injection zone, 160-Extraction zone, 170-Sampling zone; 200-Lifting arm assembly, 210-Tray, 220-Second pin, 230-First moving frame, 231-First guide rail, 240-Second moving frame, 241-Second guide rail, 250-Third guide rail, 260-First drive unit, 270-Second drive unit, 280-Third drive unit; 300-First transfer box, 310-Cultural dish, 320-First pin hole, 330-Second pin hole, 340-First partition, 350-Card slot; 400 - Second transfer box, 410 - Second partition, 411 - Positioning groove, 420 - Engaging surface; 500-Cultivation tube, 501-Liquid outlet, 510-Piston cap, 511-Water injection hole, 520-Rubber plug, 521-Cross slit, 530-Filter screen, 540-Spring valve body, 541-First water passage hole, 542-Second water passage hole, 543-Spring cap, 544-Valve core rod, 545-Valve cavity; 600-Pressing device, 610-Push rod, 620-Press head, 630-Rubber pad, 640-First cylinder, 650-First connecting plate; 700-Water injection device, 710-Water filling pipe, 720-Solenoid valve, 730-Sleeve, 740-Second cylinder, 750-Second connecting plate; 800 - Hanging rack, 810 - Storage compartment, 820 - First pin, 821 - Third pin, 830 - First clearance opening, 831 - Second clearance opening, 840 - First bracket, 850 - Second bracket, 860 - Third bracket. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "top surface," "bottom surface," "inner," "outer," "inner side," and "outer side," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0033] In the description of this invention, "several" means one or more, "multiple" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. Where the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes and to distinguish technical features, they should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the sequential relationship of the indicated technical features.

[0034] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "setting" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances. The embodiments of this invention will now be described according to its overall structure. Example 1

[0035] like Figures 1 to 9 As shown, this embodiment discloses a plant residue composting and cultivation experimental station, including: a chamber 100, a compartment 101, a first retrieval port 102, a second retrieval port 103, an inspection port 104, a temperature and humidity control device 110, a composting zone 120, a cultivation zone 130, a passage zone 140, a water injection zone 150, an extraction zone 160, a sampling zone 170, a retrieval arm assembly 200, a tray 210, a second pin 220, a first moving frame 230, a first guide rail 231, a second moving frame 240, a second guide rail 241, a third guide rail 250, a first drive unit 260, a second drive unit 270, a third drive unit 280, a first transfer box 300, a culture dish 310, a first pin hole 320, a second pin hole 330, a first partition 340, a second transfer box 400, and a second partition 410. Positioning groove 411, culture tube 500, liquid outlet 501, piston cover 510, water injection hole 511, rubber plug 520, cross slit 521, filter screen 530, spring valve body 540, first water passage hole 541, second water passage hole 542, spring cover 543, valve core rod 544, valve cavity 545, pressing device 600, push rod 610, pressure head 620, rubber pad 630, first cylinder 640, first connecting plate 650, water injection device 700, water filling pipe 710, solenoid valve 720, sleeve 730, second cylinder 740, second connecting plate 750, bracket 800, storage compartment 810, first pin 820, third pin 821, first clearance port 830, second clearance port 831, first bracket 840, second bracket 850, third bracket 860.

[0036] The cabin 100 has a container structure with adjustable rubber pads installed at its bottom. The cabin 100 can be moved as a whole by a lifting device. Inside the cabin 100 is a compartment 101. One end of the cabin 100 has a first retrieval port 102 and a second retrieval port 103, and the other end has an inspection port 104. The first retrieval port 102 and the inspection port 104 are equipped with double doors, and the second retrieval port 103 is equipped with a single door. A composting zone 120 and a cultivation zone 130 are respectively located on both sides of the compartment 101. A passageway 140 is provided between the 20 and the culture zone 130 for the passage of the retrieval arm assembly 200. A water injection zone 150, an extraction zone 160 and a sampling zone 170 are provided at one end of the chamber 101. The extraction zone 160 corresponds to the first retrieval port 102, and the sampling zone 170 corresponds to the second retrieval port 103. A temperature and humidity control device 110 is installed at the other end of the chamber 101, corresponding to the culture zone 130. The temperature and humidity control device 110 can regulate and maintain the temperature and humidity inside the chamber 100 to avoid the growth of mold and other bacteria.

[0037] More specifically, the retrieval arm assembly 200 includes a first movable frame 230, a first guide rail 231, a second movable frame 240, a second guide rail 241, and a third guide rail 250; the first guide rail 231 is installed in the passage area 140 and its two ends are perpendicular to the two end faces of the compartment 101; the first movable frame 230 is slidably matched with the first guide rail 231 and driven by the first drive unit 260; the second guide rail 241 is installed vertically on the first movable frame 230; the second movable frame 240 is slidably matched with the second guide rail 241 and driven by the second drive unit 270; the third guide rail 250 is installed horizontally on the second movable frame 240; the two ends of the third guide rail 250 are perpendicular to the two sides of the compartment 101; and the tray 210 is slidably matched with the third guide rail 250 and driven by the third drive unit 280.

[0038] The opening of the first transfer box 300 is located at its top. A first partition 340 is installed inside the first transfer box 300. The first partition 340 is composed of several vertical plates arranged in a crisscross pattern. The outer edges of each vertical plate abut against the inner wall of the first transfer box 300, dividing the interior of the first transfer box 300 into several compartments. Petri dishes 310 are placed in each compartment and separated from each other. An annular groove 350 is provided on the inner edge of the opening of the first transfer box 300. A recessed engaging surface 420 is provided on the outer periphery of the bottom of the second transfer box 400. The engaging surface 420 can engage with the groove 350, allowing the second transfer box 400 to be stacked on top of the first transfer box 300. The opening of the second transfer box 400 is located at its top. A second partition 410 is installed inside the second transfer box 400. The plate is horizontally positioned and its side abuts against the inner wall of the second transfer box 400. Several positioning slots 411 are provided on the second partition 410, and the culture tube 500 can be inserted into the positioning slots 411 for positioning. A vertically positioned support plate is provided at the bottom of the second partition 410, and the bottom of the support plate can abut against the bottom of the second transfer box 400 to support the second partition 410. The bottom of the culture tube 500 is provided with a liquid outlet 501. When the second transfer box 400 is stacked on top of the first transfer box 300, the position of the liquid outlet 501 corresponds one-to-one with the position of the culture dish 310. The picking arm assembly 200 is provided with a tray 210, which can lift the bottom of the first transfer box 300 and transfer it between the composting zone 120, the culture zone 130, the water injection zone 150, the extraction zone 160 and the sampling zone 170.

[0039] More specifically, the opening of the culture tube 500 is located at its top. A piston cover 510 is installed inside the culture tube 500. A sealing ring is installed between the outer periphery of the piston cover 510 and the inner wall of the culture tube 500. The piston cover 510 can move up and down along the inner wall of the culture tube 500. A water injection hole 511 is provided through the top and bottom of the piston. A rubber plug 520 is installed at the opening of the water injection hole 511. A cross slit 521 is provided in the center of the rubber plug 520, making the center of the rubber plug 520 a petal-shaped structure. A filter screen 530 is installed at the bottom of the culture tube 500, which blocks the liquid outlet 501. A spring valve body 540 is installed at the liquid outlet 501. A first water passage hole 541 is provided at the top of the spring valve body 540. The filter screen 530 can... The first water passage 541 is blocked. The bottom of the spring valve body 540 extends downward from the liquid outlet 501 and is provided with a second water passage 542. A valve cavity 545 is opened inside the spring valve body 540. The first water passage 541 and the second water passage 542 are connected to the valve cavity 545. A valve core rod 544 is installed inside the spring valve body 540. A spring is installed between the valve core rod 544 and the valve body. A spring cover 543 is installed at the end of the valve core rod 544. The tension of the spring can pull the valve core rod 544 upward, so that the spring cover 543 can block the second water passage 542. When the pressure inside the culture tube 500 increases, its internal pressure can push the spring cover 543 open, so that the liquid inside the culture tube 500 flows out from the second water passage 542.

[0040] Several layers of racks 800 are provided in the composting zone 120 and the cultivation zone 130. Each layer of racks 800 is arranged at intervals in the vertical direction. Several storage compartments 810 are arranged side by side in each layer of racks 800. Four first pins 820 distributed in a rectangular shape are installed at the bottom of each storage compartment 810. A first clearance opening 830 is opened between the positions of the first pins 820. The side of the first clearance opening 830 extends outward from the front end of the storage compartment 810. The width of the first clearance opening 830 is greater than the width of the tray 210 and allows the end of the tray 210 to pass through the first clearance opening 830. Four second pins 220 are installed on the tray 210. The bottom of the first transfer box 300 is provided with a first pin hole 320 and a second pin hole 330 that match the first pins 820 and the second pins 220.

[0041] In addition, a pressing device 600 is installed in the extraction area 160. The pressing device 600 is provided with multiple push rods 610. The end of the push rod 610 is equipped with a pressing head 620. The position of the pressing head 620 corresponds to the position of the piston cover 510. A rubber pad 630 is installed at the bottom of the pressing head 620. The rubber pad 630 can abut against the top of the rubber plug 520 and seal the cross seam 521. A first connecting plate 650 is connected between each push rod 610. A first cylinder 640 is also provided in the pressing device 600. The telescopic end of the first cylinder 640 is fixedly connected to the first connecting plate 650. The first cylinder 640 can drive each push rod 610 and the first connecting plate 650 to move synchronously in the vertical direction, so that the pressing head 620 presses down the piston covers 510 of all the culture cylinders 500 in the second transfer box 400 synchronously.

[0042] In addition, a water injection device 700 is installed in the water injection area 150. The water injection device 700 is equipped with multiple water injection pipes 710. The position of the water injection pipes 710 corresponds to the position of the cross slit 521 on the piston cover 510. Each water injection pipe 710 is independently equipped with a solenoid valve 720. The water injection pipe 710 is sleeved in a pipe sleeve. Each pipe sleeve is fixedly connected to the second connecting plate 750. A second cylinder 740 is also provided in the water injection device 700. The telescopic end of the second cylinder 740 is fixedly connected to the second connecting plate 750. The second cylinder 740 can drive each water injection pipe 710 and the second connecting plate 750 to move synchronously in the vertical direction. When the water injection pipe 710 moves downward, the water outlet end of the water injection pipe 710 can push open the rubber plug 520 and inject water into the interior of the culture cylinder 500.

[0043] A first bracket 840, a second bracket 850, and a third bracket 860 are respectively installed in the water injection area 150, the extraction area 160, and the sampling area 170. The first bracket 840, the second bracket 850, and the third bracket 860 are each provided with a second clearance opening 831. The width of the second clearance opening 831 is greater than the length of the tray 210 and allows the side of the tray 210 to pass through the second clearance opening 831. A third pin 821 is installed on the first bracket 840, the second bracket 850, and the third bracket 860. The third pin 821 matches the first pin hole 320. Example 2

[0044] like Figure 10 As shown, this embodiment discloses a method for the composting and cultivation of plant residues, which requires the use of the plant residue composting and cultivation experimental station in Example 1. The method includes the following steps: Step 1, Raw material processing: Remove loose fibers and impurities from the recycled plant residue. The plant residue should be fresh, clean, free from mold and pollution. Step 2, Sample Preparation: Divide the plant residue into eight treatment portions: T0: pure hemp residue; T1: hemp residue + composting agent 1; T2: hemp residue + composting agent 2; T3: hemp residue + composting agent 3; T4: hemp residue + composting agent 4; T5: hemp residue + composting agent 5; T6: hemp residue + composting agent 6; T7: hemp residue + composting agent 7. Each treatment portion is further divided into 12 replicates. Place all replicates into a 500ml culture tube. Step 3, Fermentation in boxes: Take small portions of culture tubes 500 with different ingredients and mix them into the same second transfer box 400. Place culture dishes 310 in the first transfer box 300 below, line the culture dishes 310 with filter paper, and put 20 plump Chinese cabbage seeds in each culture dish 310. Then place the first transfer box 300 and the second transfer box 400 into the composting zone 120 for fermentation. The total fermentation time is controlled at 28 days. Step 4, Comparison of the degree of decomposition: Sampling was carried out 4 times for each of the 12 sub-treatments in each treatment, with 3 sub-treatments taken each time (i.e., samples from the three second transfer boxes 400). Sampling was carried out every 7 days, and the changes in color, odor and hardness of the samples were observed and recorded. During observation, the second transfer box 400 and the first sample box to be sampled were first placed on the second bracket 850 through the sample arm assembly 200. The experimenter opened the piston cover 510 through the first sample opening 102, observed and recorded the sample in the culture tube 500, and then closed the piston cover 510 again. Step 5: Making fermentation broth: The second transfer box 400 and the first transfer box 300, which contain the observed samples from the previous step, are transferred together by the picking arm assembly 200 to the first bracket 840 in the water injection area 150. The water inlet pipe 710 in the water injection device 700 moves downward, and the water outlet of the water inlet pipe 710 pushes open the rubber plug 520 on the piston cover 510. The solenoid valve 720 is opened and tap water is added to the culture cylinder 500. Then, the second transfer box 400 and the first transfer box 300, which contain the water-injected samples, are placed back into the composting area 120 and left to stand for 24 hours by the picking arm assembly 200. Step Six: Extracting Fermentation Broth: The culture tube 500 containing the soaked fermentation broth, together with the second transfer box 400 and the first transfer box 300, is transferred to the second bracket 850 of the extraction area 160 via the picking arm assembly 200. All the pressure heads 620 of the pressing device 600 move downward and make the rubber pad 630 abut against the rubber plug 520. When the piston cover 510 moves downward, the pressure inside the culture tube 500 increases, causing the spring cover 543 to open and the fermentation broth to flow into the culture dish 310. Then, the experimenter removes the second transfer box 400 and the culture tube 500 after extracting the fermentation broth from the first picking port 102. Step 7, Seed Culture: The picking arm assembly 200 transfers the culture dish 310 containing the fermentation broth from the previous step and the first transfer box 300 to the culture area 130. The culture area 130 also needs to be filled with a control group culture dish 310 containing only water and seeds, and then cultured for 48 hours. Step 8, Germination Index Analysis: The first transfer box 300 containing the culture dishes 310 after 48 hours of cultivation in the previous step is transferred to the sampling area 170 using the picking arm assembly 200. The experimenter removes the first transfer box 300 as a whole from the second picking port 103, records the number of seeds germinated and the seed root length in each culture dish 310, and compares and analyzes the seed germination index of each culture dish 310 and the seed germination index of different samples.

[0045] In summary, the plant residue composting and cultivation experimental method of this invention is carried out in a mobile experimental station. The chamber 100 can be placed directly near the production area for the experiment, which not only reduces the time spent transporting samples and avoids the impact of sample oxidation, but also includes temperature and humidity control devices. Furthermore, composting and fermentation, fermentation broth preparation and extraction, and seed culture are all automatically completed within the chamber 100 under uniform environmental conditions. This not only shortens the experimental cycle and the time that samples are exposed to air during the operation process, but also avoids errors caused by manual operation and improves the accuracy of experimental results and data.

[0046] The foregoing description of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention is for illustrative and explanatory purposes. These descriptions are not intended to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed, and it is obvious that many changes and variations can be made based on the above teachings. Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, these specific embodiments are merely explanations of the invention and are not intended to limit it. The specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. The purpose of selecting and describing exemplary embodiments is to explain the specific principles of the invention and its practical application, so that those skilled in the art, after reading this specification, can make modifications, substitutions, variations, and various choices and changes to the embodiments as needed without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, provided that such modifications, substitutions, variations, and choices and changes are within the scope of the claims of the invention and are protected by patent law.

Claims

1. A plant residue composting and cultivation experimental station, comprising a chamber, wherein the chamber is equipped with a compartment and a material retrieval arm assembly, and the compartment is equipped with a temperature and humidity control device, characterized in that: The chamber has a first retrieval port and a second retrieval port at one end. The chamber has a composting zone and a culture zone on both sides. A passageway for the retrieval arm assembly is provided between the composting zone and the culture zone. A water injection zone, an extraction zone, and a sampling zone are provided at one end of the chamber. The extraction zone corresponds to the first retrieval port, and the sampling zone corresponds to the second retrieval port. The chamber also includes a first transfer box containing a culture dish. A second transfer box is stacked on top of the first transfer box and contains a culture cylinder. The bottom of the culture cylinder has a liquid outlet, the position of which corresponds to the position of the culture dish. The retrieval arm assembly has a tray that can support the bottom of the first transfer box and transfer it between the composting zone, the culture zone, the water injection zone, the extraction zone, and the sampling zone.

2. The plant residue composting and cultivation experimental station according to claim 1, characterized in that, The culture tube is equipped with a piston cover that can move along the inner wall of the culture tube. A water injection hole is provided on the piston, and a rubber plug is installed at the opening of the water injection hole. A cross slit is provided in the center of the rubber plug. The culture tube is also equipped with a filter screen that blocks the liquid outlet hole.

3. The plant residue composting and cultivation experimental station according to claim 2, characterized in that, A spring valve body is installed at the liquid outlet. The top of the spring valve body is provided with a first water passage hole, and the bottom of the spring valve body extends downward from the liquid outlet and is provided with a second water passage hole. The second water passage hole is provided with a spring cover. When the pressure inside the culture tube increases, the spring cover can be opened.

4. The plant residue composting and cultivation experimental station according to claim 2, characterized in that, The extraction area is equipped with a pressing device, which has a downwardly movable push rod. The end of the push rod is equipped with a pressure head, the position of which corresponds to the position of the piston cover. The bottom of the pressure head is equipped with a rubber pad, which can abut against the top of the rubber plug and seal the cross seam.

5. The plant residue composting and cultivation experimental station according to claim 3, characterized in that, The water injection area is equipped with a water injection device, which has a downward-moving water inlet pipe. The position of the water inlet pipe corresponds to the position of the cross-shaped seam. Each water inlet pipe is independently equipped with a solenoid valve. When the water inlet pipe moves downward, the water outlet end of the water inlet pipe can push open the rubber plug and inject water into the culture tube.

6. The plant residue composting and cultivation experimental station according to claim 1, characterized in that, The composting area and the cultivation area are provided with several layers of racks, each layer of racks is arranged at intervals along the vertical direction, and several storage compartments are arranged side by side in each layer of racks. The bottom of each storage compartment is provided with several first pins and has a first clearance opening. The width of the first clearance opening is greater than the width of the tray and allows the tray to pass through the first clearance opening. The tray is provided with several second pins, and the bottom of the first transfer box is provided with a first pin hole and a second pin hole that match the first pins and the second pins.

7. The plant residue composting and cultivation experimental station according to claim 6, characterized in that, The water injection area, the extraction area, and the sampling area are respectively provided with a first bracket, a second bracket, and a third bracket. The first bracket, the second bracket, and the third bracket are each provided with a second clearance opening. The width of the second clearance opening is greater than the length of the tray and allows the tray to pass through the second clearance opening. The first bracket, the second bracket, and the third bracket are provided with a third pin, which matches the first pin hole.

8. The plant residue composting and cultivation experimental station according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first transport box is provided with a detachable first partition, which can separate the various culture dishes. The second transport box is provided with a detachable second partition, which has a plurality of positioning slots. The culture tube is inserted into the positioning slots for positioning.

9. The plant residue composting and cultivation experimental station according to claim 1, characterized in that, The retrieval arm assembly includes a first movable frame, a first guide rail, a second movable frame, a second guide rail, and a third guide rail. The first guide rail is installed in the passage area and its two ends are perpendicular to the two end faces of the compartment. The first movable frame is slidably matched and installed with the first guide rail and driven by a first drive unit. The second guide rail is installed vertically on the first movable frame and the second movable frame is slidably matched and installed with the second guide rail and driven by a second drive unit. The third guide rail is installed horizontally on the second movable frame and its two ends are perpendicular to the two sides of the compartment. The tray is slidably matched and installed with the third guide rail and driven by a third drive unit.

10. A method for experimental cultivation of plant residue composting, which requires the use of the experimental station for composting plant residue as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1, Raw material processing: Remove loose fibers and impurities from the recycled plant residue. The plant residue should be fresh, clean, free from mold and pollution. Step 2, Sample preparation: Divide the plant residue into several treatment portions, where the first treatment portion is pure plant residue, and the remaining treatment portions are pure plant residue mixed with composting agent. Each treatment portion is further divided into 12 replicate small treatment portions. Place all the small treatment portions into the culture tube. Step 3, Fermentation in boxes: Take small portions of culture tubes with different ingredients and mix them into the same second transfer box. Place a petri dish in the first transfer box below it, line the petri dish with filter paper, and put an equal amount of Chinese cabbage seeds in each petri dish. Then, the picking arm assembly puts the first transfer box and the second transfer box into the composting area at the same time for fermentation. Step 4, Comparison of the degree of decomposition: 3 samples were taken from each of the 12 sub-processes in each treatment, and the sampling was carried out every 7 days. The sampling arm assembly transported the second transfer box containing the sample and the first transfer box from the decomposition area to the extraction area. The experimenter observed and recorded the changes in color, odor and softness of the sample from the first sampling port. Step 5: Making fermentation broth: The sampling arm assembly transports the second transfer box and the first transfer box, which contain the observed samples from the previous step, to the water injection area. Tap water is added to the culture tube, and then the sampling arm assembly puts the first transfer box and the second transfer box back to the composting area and lets them stand for 24 hours. Step 6: Extracting Fermentation Broth: The picking arm assembly transports the culture tube containing the soaked fermentation broth from the previous step, together with the second transfer box and the first transfer box, to the extraction area, so that the fermentation broth flows from the culture tube into the petri dish. Then, the experimenter removes the used culture tube and the corresponding second transfer box from the first picking port. Step 7, Seed Culture: The picking arm assembly transfers the first transport box containing the culture dish from the previous step to the culture area. An additional control group culture dish containing only water and seeds needs to be placed in the culture area, and then cultured for 48 hours. Step 8: Germination Index Analysis: The sampling arm assembly transfers the first transport box containing the culture dishes after 48 hours of cultivation to the sampling area. The experimenter removes the first transport box as a whole from the second sampling port and compares and analyzes the germination index of the seeds in each culture dish.

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