Functionalized polythiophene composite electrode material, preparation thereof and application of functionalized polythiophene composite electrode material in uranium-containing wastewater treatment

Abstract

The invention discloses a functionalized polythiophene composite electrode material and preparation and application thereof in uranium-containing wastewater treatment, and a preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing a phytic acid solution with a 3-acetic acid-thiophene solution to obtain a mixed solution; and carrying out electro-deposition, washing and drying by taking carbon paper as a working electrode, a platinum sheet as a counter electrode, a calomel electrode as a reference electrode and the mixed solution as an electrolyte to obtain an electrode coated with polyphytic acid-3-acetic acid-thiophene, namely the functionalized polythiophene composite electrode material. The invention solves the problems of low uranium reduction selectivity, low adsorption capacity, insufficient active sites and high material preparation cost of the existing adsorption material. The prepared electrode material structure has high selectivity and high adsorption capacity (greater than or equal to 1484 mg / g) on U (VI) in wastewater by virtue of excellent conductivity of polythiophene and the characteristic that P = O active sites can be regenerated in situ in an electric field, the adsorption rate is remarkably increased, and excellent electrochemical uranium extraction performance is shown.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a method for preparing a composite electrode material, specifically to a functionalized polythiophene composite electrode material, its preparation, and its application in treating uranium-containing wastewater. Background Technology

[0002] Nuclear energy, due to its high energy density, stable power generation costs, and ease of transportation and storage, has made the efficient extraction of uranium from uranium-containing wastewater a hot topic for researchers. However, the concentration of uranium in wastewater is typically low (approximately 5 ppm to 50 ppm), and interference from various competing ions leads to low extraction efficiency, severely limiting its practical application and resource utilization. In traditional adsorption methods, commonly used adsorbents include porous polymers, modified chitosan, nano-zero-valent iron, and metal sulfides. However, these traditional adsorption methods still face problems such as poor selectivity and limited functionality of specific functional groups and active sites. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a new method for effectively extracting U(VI) from aqueous media.

[0003] In recent years, uranium extraction technology based on electrochemical methods has gradually attracted widespread attention from researchers due to its excellent adsorption performance and rapid adsorption kinetics. More importantly, existing literature (Qingyun Luo et al, Porous phytic acid-doped sodium alginate aerogels as the electrode material for the electrosorption of uranium from acidic solution) has been widely studied. Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry Reference 331 (2022) 2795–2804 reports that phytic acid-modified sodium alginate aerogel (Alg-PA) was successfully induced to undergo reduction deposition under negative pressure (−0.9V), but its adsorption capacity was limited (430.8 mg / g) and the equilibrium time was long (4 h), indicating that its reaction kinetics and site utilization still need to be improved. (XiaopengLiu et al, Efficient electrosorption of uranium(VI) by B, N, and P co-dopedporous carbon materials containing phosphate functional groups). Journal of Solid State ElectrochemistryThe B / N / P co-doped porous carbon (BNPCs-PO4) in 25 (2021) 2443–2454 exhibited extremely fast adsorption kinetics (equilibrium time 24 min), but its optimal operating potential was positive (+0.9 V), failing to fully utilize the advantages of electrochemical reduction, and the adsorption capacity (750 mg / g) still has room for improvement. (Jianfeng Zhang et al, Polydopamine-modified coal fly ash composite electrodes for improved electrosorption of uranium). Journal of Water Process Engineering The polydopamine-modified fly ash (CFA / PDA) composite material in 72 (2025)107612) demonstrates the low-cost advantage of "treating waste with waste", but its adsorption capacity is not high (416.96 mg / g), the time required to reach equilibrium is too long (6 h), and its optimal working voltage is high (1.2 V), which poses a risk of side reactions such as water electrolysis. Energy consumption and selectivity are also issues that need to be considered in practical applications.

[0004] In summary, existing technologies for electrochemical uranium extraction (EUE) involve cumbersome preparation processes, expensive reactants and catalysts, and demanding reaction conditions, making them unsuitable for large-scale production and industrial-scale treatment of uranium-containing wastewater. During adsorption, a removal rate of 91% is achieved using a relatively high negative voltage of −5V, while the removal rate drops below 25% at −1V. Therefore, developing electrode materials capable of efficiently and selectively reducing uranium is crucial for promoting the recycling of uranium resources and ensuring the sustainable development of the nuclear energy industry. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a functionalized polythiophene composite electrode material, its preparation, and its application in treating uranium-containing wastewater. This invention solves the problems of low selectivity, low adsorption capacity, insufficient active sites, and high material preparation cost of existing adsorption materials for uranium reduction. The prepared functionalized polythiophene composite electrode material has high stability, excellent conductivity, strong coordination effect, and high adsorption capacity (≥1484 mg / g). Under the drive of electric field force, the size of the working electrode area can be adjusted, which significantly improves the adsorption rate and exhibits excellent uranium extraction performance, thus having great application value.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a method for preparing a functionalized polythiophene composite electrode material, the method comprising: (1) Mix the phytic acid solution with the 3-acetic acid-thiophene solution to obtain a mixed solution; (2) Using carbon paper as the working electrode, platinum sheet as the counter electrode, calomel electrode as the reference electrode, and mixed solution as the electrolyte, electrodeposition was performed (voltage was +0.6V, time was 5-10 minutes), followed by washing and vacuum drying to obtain an electrode coated with polyphytic acid-3-acetic acid-thiophene, i.e., functionalized polythiophene composite electrode material.

[0007] Preferably, in step (1), the concentration of the phytic acid solution is 0.05 mol / L to 0.2 mol / L; the concentration of the 3-acetic acid-thiophene solution is 0.1 mol / L to 0.8 mol / L; and the volume ratio of the phytic acid solution to the 3-acetic acid-thiophene solution is (1~2):(1~2).

[0008] Preferably, the concentration of the phytic acid solution is 0.1 mol / L; and the concentration of the 3-acetic acid-thiophene solution is 0.3 mol / L to 0.7 mol / L.

[0009] Preferably, the volume ratio of the phytic acid solution to the 3-acetic acid-thiophene solution is 1:1.

[0010] Preferably, the concentration of the 3-acetic acid-thiophene solution is 0.5 mol / L. The composite electrode material prepared at this concentration exhibits the best adsorption performance for U(VI), reaching up to 1484 mg / g.

[0011] According to the preparation method of claim 1, in step (2), the electrodeposition voltage is −0.6V to −0.9V and the time is 10 minutes to 20 minutes; the vacuum drying temperature is 50 ℃ to 60 ℃ and the time is 12 hours to 18 hours.

[0012] This invention provides a functionalized polythiophene composite electrode material prepared by the method described above.

[0013] This invention provides an application of the functionalized polythiophene composite electrode material as described above in wastewater treatment.

[0014] Preferably, the wastewater contains uranium.

[0015] Preferably, the pH of the solution used to treat wastewater is 5.0. The composite electrode material reaches its maximum adsorption capacity of 1484 mg / g at pH=5; when pH<5, the adsorption capacity decreases with decreasing pH, because the high concentration of hydrogen ions leads to a strong hydrogen evolution reaction; when pH>5, the adsorption capacity decreases with increasing pH, possibly due to UO2. 2+ This is due to hydrolysis.

[0016] This invention discloses a functionalized polythiophene composite electrode material, its preparation, and its application in treating uranium-containing wastewater. It solves the problems of low selectivity, low adsorption capacity, insufficient active sites, and high material preparation cost of existing adsorption materials for treating uranium-containing wastewater, and has the following advantages: 1. The functionalized polythiophene composite electrode material prepared by this invention has the advantages of low raw material cost, mild preparation conditions, and high material stability. The polythiophene backbone has excellent conductivity, which is beneficial to electron transport and electrochemical processes. After functionalization, the abundant phosphoroyl groups (P=O) introduced on its branches can form strong coordination with uranyl ions (UO2²⁺) in wastewater. This interaction conforms to the "hard-to-hard" principle in the hard-soft acid-base theory, that is, UO2²⁺, as a hard acid, tends to form stable coordination compounds with phosphate groups, as a hard base, through ionic bonds, thereby achieving high selective adsorption of U(VI) and high adsorption capacity (≥1484 mg / g). An external electric field can drive uranyl ions to migrate rapidly to the working electrode, significantly improving the adsorption rate. The area of ​​the working electrode can be flexibly adjusted by adjusting the size of the carbon paper, enhancing its practicality.

[0017] 2. This invention utilizes phytic acid-modified poly(3-acetic acid-thiophene) electrode material PA-PTAA to extract uranium from uranium-containing wastewater via an electrochemical method, exhibiting high adsorption efficiency, good selectivity, and long cycle life. Its high selectivity stems from the stable coordination structure between uranyl ions and the material, and the synergistic recognition effect of the potentially existing dense hydrogen bond network. Under an electric field, uranyl ions migrate rapidly towards the negative electrode, achieving efficient adsorption and reduction, thus completing the aqueous phase separation and extraction of uranium. The material's high conductivity, stability, large specific surface area, and abundant P=O active sites provided by grafted phytic acid collectively contribute to its high selectivity, high adsorption capacity, ultrafast adsorption rate (reaching equilibrium within 10-20 min), and good cycle stability (retaining over 85% performance after five cycles), demonstrating excellent electrochemical uranium extraction performance and application value. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 The images show the FT-IR spectra of PA-PTAA prepared in Examples 1-3 and PTAA prepared in Comparative Example 1.

[0019] Figure 2 The electrochemical adsorption performance diagrams of PA-PTAA prepared in Examples 1-3 and PTAA prepared in Comparative Example 1 are shown (comparison diagram of the effects of pH, phytic acid content and other factors on the adsorption amount).

[0020] Figure 3 The graph shows the selective adsorption performance of PA-PTAA5 prepared in Example 2 and PTAA prepared in Comparative Example 1.

[0021] Figure 4 The diagram shows the recycling performance of PA-PTAA5 prepared in Example 2 of this invention and PTAA prepared in Comparative Example 1.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the preparation of the functionalized polythiophene composite electrode material of the present invention and its application in the treatment of uranium-containing wastewater. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] The experimental reagents used in the following examples are as follows: Uranyl nitrate (25 g, analytical grade), 3-acetic acid-thiophene (100 mL, analytical grade), phytic acid (500 mL, analytical grade) and sodium carbonate (500 g, analytical grade) were purchased from Shanghai Aladdin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd. Concentrated sulfuric acid (500 mL, 95.0–98.0% analytical grade), concentrated hydrochloric acid (500 mL, 36.0–38.0% analytical grade), nitric acid (500 mL, 65.0–68.0% analytical grade), and ethanol (500 mL, analytical grade) were purchased from Xilong Scientific Co., Ltd., and azoarsine III (5 g, analytical grade) was purchased from Shanghai Maclean Biochemical Co., Ltd.

[0025] Example 1 A method for preparing a functionalized polythiophene composite electrode material, such as Figure 5 The diagram illustrates the preparation of the functionalized polythiophene composite electrode material and its application in treating uranium-containing wastewater according to the present invention. The method includes: (1) Prepare a 0.1 mol / L phytic acid (PA) solution in a mixture of water and ethanol (volume ratio of water to ethanol 1:1). Prepare a 0.3 mol / L 3-acetic acid-thiophene (TAA) solution in a mixture of water and ethanol (volume ratio of water to ethanol 1:1). Mix the freshly prepared phytic acid (PA) solution and the 3-acetic acid-thiophene (TAA) solution in equal volumes to obtain a PA / TAA3 mixed solution.

[0026] (2) Construction of the three-electrode system: Carbon paper was used as the working electrode (weighed, mass denoted as m1), a platinum sheet as the counter electrode, a calomel electrode as the reference electrode, and a PA / TAA mixed solution as the electrolyte. Electrodeposition was performed for 5 minutes at a constant voltage of +0.6V. PA / TAA was electrodeposited and polymerized in situ on the surface of the working electrode carbon paper to obtain a PA-PTAA coated electrode. The electrode was rinsed three times with distilled water and then rinsed once with anhydrous ethanol. It was then placed in a vacuum drying oven at a constant temperature of 55 °C for 18 hours (weighed, mass denoted as m2) to obtain an electrode coated with poly(phytic acid-3-acetic acid-thiophene), denoted as PA-PTAA3. The mass of the functionalized polythiophene composite electrode material (i.e., the mass of the PA-PTAA3 coated electrode) was calculated as: M = m2 - m1.

[0027] Example 2 The preparation method of a functionalized polythiophene composite electrode material is basically the same as that in Example 1, except that: In step (1), the concentration of the 3-acetic acid-thiophene (TAA) solution is 0.5 mol / L; The electrode obtained by the same operation as in Example 1 is denoted as PA-PTAA5.

[0028] Example 3 The preparation method of a functionalized polythiophene composite electrode material is basically the same as that in Example 1, except that: In step (1), the concentration of the 3-acetic acid-thiophene (TAA) solution is 0.7 mol / L. The electrode obtained by the same operation as in Example 1 is denoted as PA-PTAA7.

[0029] Comparative Example 1 The preparation method of the electrode material is basically the same as that in Example 1, except that: In step (1), without adding PA, the electrode obtained by the same operation as in Example 1 is denoted as: pure PTAA.

[0030] Experimental Example 1: Characterization of Structure The PA-PTAA prepared in Examples 1-3 of the present invention and the PTAA prepared in Comparative Example 1 were characterized by infrared radiation.

[0031] like Figure 1 The image shows the FT-IR spectra of PA-PTAA prepared in Example 1 of the present invention and PTAA prepared in Comparative Example 1. Figure 1 It can be seen that in the PTAA spectrum, 3440 cm⁻¹ -1 The broad peak at 1728 cm⁻¹ is attributed to the stretching vibration of the -OH group in the carboxylic acid. -1 The strong peak at 3141 cm⁻¹ clearly indicates the stretching vibration of C=O in carboxylic acids. Meanwhile, at 3141 cm⁻¹...-1 1402 cm -1 and 839 cm -1 The three absorption peaks at the specified positions all originate from the thiophene ring in PTAA, corresponding to the CH stretching vibration, the stretching vibration of the thiophene ring, and the CH bending vibration, respectively. Absorption peaks very close to the functional group positions of PTAA can still be observed in the PA-PTAA spectrum. Furthermore, compared to the infrared spectrum of PTAA, a new absorption peak appears at 1103 cm⁻¹ in the PA-PTAA spectrum. -1 and 1021cm -1 The peaks at the locations are attributed to P=O and P-OH in phytic acid, respectively, proving that phytic acid was successfully doped into PTAA in Examples 1-3.

[0032] Experimental Example 2: Determination of the electroadsorption effect of the prepared material on U(VI) The adsorption effects of PA-PTAA prepared in Examples 1-3 and PTAA prepared in Comparative Example 1 on U(VI) were determined. The specific operating method was as follows: PA-PTAA prepared in Examples 1-3 and PTAA prepared in Comparative Example 1 were used as working electrodes, and a platinum sheet and a saturated calomel electrode were used as the counter electrode and reference electrode, respectively. The adsorption concentration was 1 mol·L⁻¹. -1 A mixture of potassium nitrate aqueous solution and 50 mg / L uranyl nitrate was used as the electrolyte, and a reduction voltage of −0.9 V was applied. In each adsorption experiment, the ratio of the mass (g, M = m2-m1) of PA-PTAA to the volume (L) of the electrolyte was kept constant at 0.02, and the electrode spacing was 2 cm. The reduction was achieved by adding 0.1 mol L... - 1 Na2CO3 and 0.1 mol L -1 HNO3 was used to adjust the pH of the electrolyte. The concentration of residual U(VI) was determined using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer and the azoarsine III colorimetric method. The U content on the adsorbent was analyzed using ICP-MS (Agilent 7900). The concentrations of various ions were detected using ICP-OES (ICPE-9000, Shimadzu).

[0033] (1) (2) (3) In formulas (1) to (3), C0 is the initial concentration (mg / L) of the uranyl solution; C t The concentration (mg / L) of the uranyl solution at time t; C eThe concentration of the uranyl solution at adsorption equilibrium is (mg / L); V is the volume of the uranyl solution (L); M is the mass of PA-PTAA (g), in units of M = m2 - m1, where m1 is the mass of the carbon paper working electrode and m2 is the mass of the PA-PTAA coated carbon paper working electrode; q t At time t, the adsorption amount (mg / g) is given. q e The adsorption amount (mg / g) is at adsorption equilibrium; the removal rate (%) is the removal rate of uranyl ions.

[0034] The experimental adsorption data are detailed in Table 1, as follows: Table 1. Adsorption results of PA-PTAA prepared in Examples 1-3 and PTAA prepared in Comparative Example 1 for U(VI). Table 1 shows that the PA-PTAA5 prepared in Example 2 exhibited the best adsorption result for U(VI), reaching 1484 mg / g. Table 1 also indicates that Comparative Example 1, without phytic acid modification, had the lowest adsorption capacity, only 520 mg / g. Phytic acid (PA) molecules contain abundant P=O groups, demonstrating that the absence of active functional groups in the adsorbent material significantly impacts the adsorption capacity. From the ratio of 1:7 in Example 3 to 1:3 in Example 1, the amount of phytic acid increased, while the adsorption capacity initially increased and then decreased. This suggests that the abundant P=O groups played a dominant role in adsorption from Example 3 to Example 2. From Example 2 to Example 1, the presence of a large number of phytic acid molecules may have inhibited the polymerization of thiophene, reducing its relative molecular mass, decreasing electrode conductivity, and hindering electron transport, thus negatively impacting electrochemical adsorption and reduction.

[0035] Experiment Example 3: Determination of the effects of PA content and pH value on the electrochemical adsorption performance of the material. The specific operation for determining the effect of PA content and pH value on the electrochemical adsorption performance of the material in this invention is basically the same as the specific operation for determining the electro-adsorption effect of the prepared material on U(VI) in Experimental Example 2, except that the pH value is adjusted from 5.0 to 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7.

[0036] Specific measurement results are as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the electrochemical adsorption performance diagrams (comparison of the effects of pH, phytic acid content, and other factors on adsorption capacity) of PA-PTAA prepared in Examples 1-3 and PTAA prepared in Comparative Example 1 are presented. Figure 2 It is evident that chemical composition has a significant impact on the electrochemical adsorption performance of the materials. The phosphorus-functionalized sample exhibits significantly higher adsorption capacity than the unfunctionalized matrix material, demonstrating excellent adsorption properties. This is due to UO2...2 ⁺ is a hard acid, which combines with hard bases such as phosphoalkoxides through ionic bonds to form stable coordination compounds. This interaction conforms to the "hard-to-hard" principle of the hard-soft acid-base theory (HSAB theory), that is, hard acids tend to combine with hard bases. P=O has a strong coordination effect with uranyl ions. Furthermore, as pH increases, the adsorption capacity of all materials for uranium significantly increases, reaching a peak of 1484 mg / g at pH=5.0. This is because: ① the high acid concentration results in a high hydrogen ion concentration in the aqueous solution, which is conducive to the adsorption of uranium by UO₂. 2+ The presence of like ions repelling each other (Coulomb repulsion) is unfavorable for UO2. 2+ ① The adsorption capacity moves towards the working electrode; ② High concentrations of hydrogen ions lead to a strong hydrogen evolution reaction, which is unfavorable for adsorption experiments; When the pH value is greater than 5, the adsorption capacity decreases with increasing pH, which may be due to UO2. 2+ This is due to hydrolysis. The adsorption capacity reaches its maximum at a molar ratio of 1:5 (PA-PTAA5). This is because low phytic acid content results in insufficient active sites, while excessively high phytic acid content inhibits thiophene polymerization, reduces its relative molecular mass, worsens electrode conductivity, and hinders electron transport, which is detrimental to electrochemical adsorption and reduction.

[0037] Experiment Example 4: Determination of the selectivity of uranyl ion adsorption on electrode materials The selectivity of PA-PTAA5 prepared in Example 2 and PTAA prepared in Comparative Example 1 was determined. The specific operation method was basically the same as that used in Example 2 to study the electroadsorption effect, except that the electrolyte used in the previous electroadsorption experiment was a mixed solution containing 1 mol / L potassium nitrate aqueous solution and 50 mg / L uranyl nitrate. In this experiment, interfering ions (Cr, Li, Fe, Al, and Co, etc.) were added to the electrolyte, with an ion concentration of 50 mg / L. At a voltage of −0.9 V, the adsorption selectivity of uranyl ions was tested using PA-PTAA5 and PTAA as electrode materials, respectively. The results showed that PA-PTAA5 had significant adsorption selectivity (e.g., ...). Figure 3 The strong interaction between uranyl ions and the PA-PTAA5 material (as shown in the figure) is attributed to this. The stable coordination structure and dense hydrogen bond network formed between PA-PTAA5 and uranyl ions play a crucial role in the effective recognition of uranyl ions. Furthermore, when an electric field is introduced, some uranyl ions are electrochemically reduced to water-insoluble uranium oxide or hydroxide particles. Considering that the standard reduction potential of other ions is generally lower than that of uranyl ions, making them difficult to reduce at −0.9 V, this mechanism further enhances the selectivity of the electrochemical adsorption process for U(VI).

[0038] Experiment Example 5: Determination of the recyclability of electrode material adsorbing uranyl ions The recyclability of adsorbent materials plays an important role in practical applications. The specific operation method is basically the same as that used in Experiment 2 to study the electroadsorption effect. The difference is that after each adsorption, the working electrode (adsorbent material) is eluted four times with 0.1 M HCl solution.

[0039] The results of repeating the adsorption experiment 5 times are as follows Figure 4 As shown in the diagram, the recycling performance of PA-PTAA5 prepared in Example 2 and PTAA prepared in Comparative Example 1 is compared. PA-PTAA5 maintained 85.1% of its initial adsorption capacity at a voltage of −0.9V, while PTAA only maintained 71.98% of its initial adsorption capacity. The decrease in removal rate is mainly attributed to the presence of impurities or competing ions in the adsorbent material, which are difficult to completely remove during elution, leading to a reduction in the effective specific surface area of ​​the electrode material and a decrease in active sites. Figure 4 It has been fully demonstrated that PA-PTAA5 exhibits high structural stability in both acidic and electric field environments, and also demonstrates good recyclability.

[0040] Although the present invention has been described in detail through the preferred embodiments above, it should be understood that the above description should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention. Various modifications and substitutions to the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art after reading the above description. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a functionalized polythiophene composite electrode material, characterized in that, The preparation method includes: (1) Mix the phytic acid solution with the 3-acetic acid-thiophene solution to obtain a mixed solution; (2) Using carbon paper as the working electrode, platinum sheet as the counter electrode, calomel electrode as the reference electrode, and mixed solution as the electrolyte, electrodeposition, washing, and vacuum drying were performed to obtain an electrode coated with polyphytic acid-3-acetic acid-thiophene, i.e., functionalized polythiophene composite electrode material.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (1), the concentration of the phytic acid solution is 0.05 mol / L to 0.2 mol / L; the concentration of the 3-acetic acid-thiophene solution is 0.1 mol / L to 0.8 mol / L; and the volume ratio of the phytic acid solution to the 3-acetic acid-thiophene solution is (1~2):(1~2).

3. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The concentration of the phytic acid solution is 0.1 mol / L; the concentration of the 3-acetic acid-thiophene solution is 0.3 mol / L to 0.7 mol / L.

4. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The volume ratio of the phytic acid solution to the 3-acetic acid-thiophene solution is 1:

1.

5. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The concentration of the 3-acetic acid-thiophene solution is 0.5 mol / L.

6. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (2), the electrodeposition voltage is -0.6V to -0.9V and the time is 10 minutes to 20 minutes; the drying temperature is 50 ℃ to 60 ℃ and the time is 12 hours to 18 hours.

7. A functionalized polythiophene composite electrode material prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. The application of the functionalized polythiophene composite electrode material as described in claim 7 in wastewater treatment.

9. The application according to claim 8, characterized in that, The wastewater contains uranium.

10. The application according to claim 9, characterized in that, When treating wastewater, the pH of the solution is 5.0.

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