Static testing device and method for spatial light field distribution characteristics of laser irradiation effectors

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of photoelectric detection, and particularly relates to a static testing device and method for spatial light field distribution characteristics of laser irradiation effectors. The testing device comprises: a laser collimating mirror module, which is used for emitting collimated laser to the to-be-tested effectors and collecting laser power of the laser irradiation effectors and average laser power emitted by the laser; a laser irradiation effector turntable module, which is used for fixing the to-be-tested effectors and driving the to-be-tested effectors to rotate, so as to realize full coverage of the spatial detection direction; an optical intensity detection module, which is used for collecting optical intensity corresponding to the radiation light spot at a specified position at an angle; and a data processing module, which is used for calculating the spatial light field distribution of the to-be-tested effectors based on the collection results of the laser collimating mirror module and the optical intensity detection module and combining a TIE algorithm. The application adopts a scheme of mathematically solving a transmission equation in a spherical coordinate system, and reversely deduces spatial phase distribution information of the effector radiation based on the low-cost and high-precision characteristics of the distributed photometric scanning method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of photoelectric detection technology, and particularly relates to a static testing device and method for the spatial light field distribution characteristics of a laser-irradiated object. Background Technology

[0002] Measuring the spatial optical field distribution of laser-irradiated objects is a photoelectric detection technology with extremely high potential application value. It is a core means of remotely detecting the light intensity of laser-ablated targets and measuring the propagation characteristics of the diffuse reflection spatial optical field on the surface of laser-irradiated targets. It is also a key link in these important application scenarios and is now widely used in laser-irradiated remote sensing, laser communication, and laser alarm systems. Ideally, measuring the spatial optical field distribution of a laser-irradiated object can provide the spherical phase distribution of a specific object under laser irradiation, allowing for the further derivation of the object's light intensity distribution at any distance and azimuth angle using Huygens' principle. In laser-irradiated remote sensing, wavefront information can clearly define the optimal remote sensing detection azimuth as the propagation distance changes; while in laser communication and laser alarm systems, wavefront information can be used to estimate the intensity and azimuth information of the laser beam.

[0003] Currently, wavefront sensors primarily employ the Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor, proposed in 1880 by German astronomer Johannes Franz Hartmann. The original Hartmann wavefront sensor consisted of an imaging device and a flat mask with a perforated array of pinholes. After the light beam passes through the mask, it generates a sub-beam; the distortion of the incident beam's wavefront causes the sub-beam's position on the detector target surface to change. Finally, the spatial gradient of the wavefront at the corresponding pinhole can be calculated using Huygens' principle, thus completing wavefront reconstruction. The Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor utilizes a microlens array instead of a flat pinhole array, resulting in higher light-gathering efficiency and significantly increased accuracy and resolution. However, the Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor is expensive, computationally complex, and only suitable for precise measurements with a small field of view. Although global data can be obtained through data stitching, considering the accuracy degradation caused by stitching, multiple measurements and data stitching drastically increase measurement time with increasing test distance, resulting in very low cost-effectiveness. Therefore, in order to reduce the cost of wavefront distribution measurement and meet the scenario requirements mentioned above, it is necessary to propose a wavefront distribution measurement scheme that can measure quickly, has high intensity measurement accuracy, and moderate angular resolution. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention aims to provide a static testing device and method for the spatial light field distribution characteristics of laser-irradiated objects, to solve the problems of computational complexity and high cost of existing wavefront distribution measurement schemes. Based on the low cost and high precision of the distributed photometric scanning method, the present invention employs a mathematical solution to the transmission equation in spherical coordinates to deduce the spatial phase distribution information of the radiation from the object. Furthermore, because the unit used to detect light intensity is flexible, it can be configured with different devices such as photodiodes (high precision, low cost), spectrometers (spectral resolution), and CCD / CMOS photoelectric imaging devices (resolution of radiation sites in the object), thus achieving diverse functions to meet different scenario requirements.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution created by this invention is implemented as follows:

[0006] A static testing device for the spatial optical field distribution characteristics of a laser-irradiated object, comprising:

[0007] The laser collimating lens module is used to emit collimated laser light onto the object under test and to collect the laser power when the laser irradiates the object and the average laser power emitted by the laser.

[0008] The laser irradiation effect turntable module is used to fix the effect object under test and drive the effect object under test to rotate, so as to achieve full coverage of the space detection direction;

[0009] The light intensity detection module is used to collect the light intensity corresponding to the radiation spot at a specified location at each angle.

[0010] The data processing module calculates the spatial light field distribution of the object under test based on the acquisition results of the laser collimating lens module and the light intensity detection module, combined with the TIE algorithm.

[0011] Furthermore, the laser irradiation effect turntable module includes a multi-dimensional turntable, a laser irradiation effect placement stage, and a hollow support rod; the laser collimator module includes a laser collimator and a power monitor.

[0012] The static testing device for the spatial light field distribution characteristics of laser irradiated objects also includes a laser and a Y-type optical fiber. One end of the Y-type optical fiber is a beam splitter, which includes a six-core optical fiber and a one-core optical fiber. The other end of the Y-type optical fiber is a beam combiner. The laser is connected to the six-core optical fiber, the power monitor is connected to the one-core optical fiber, and the beam combiner passes through a hollow support rod and is connected to the laser collimator.

[0013] One end of the hollow support rod is mounted on the laser irradiation effect object mounting platform, and the other end of the hollow support rod is mounted on the laser collimating lens, which is perpendicular to the response plane of the effect object under test. The laser irradiation effect object mounting platform is fixedly installed on the multi-dimensional turntable. The effect object under test is flattened and fixed on the laser irradiation effect object mounting platform. The multi-dimensional turntable drives the laser irradiation effect object mounting platform to rotate in two dimensions. The laser output from the laser is collimated by the laser collimating lens and then irradiates the effect object under test. The laser reflected by the effect object under test is sequentially input to the power monitor through the beam combiner and a single optical fiber. The power monitor collects the laser power when the laser irradiates the effect object in real time.

[0014] Furthermore, the light intensity detection module includes a data acquisition unit and a rangefinder. The data acquisition unit can be a photodiode, a spectrometer, or an area array detector.

[0015] A static testing method for the spatial optical field distribution characteristics of a laser-irradiated object, implemented using a static testing device for the spatial optical field distribution characteristics of a laser-irradiated object, specifically includes the following steps:

[0016] S1: The acquisition unit is calibrated using a standard point light source and a calibrated illuminance meter to obtain the conversion coefficients between the standard point light source and the acquisition unit at different distances;

[0017] S2: The laser output from the laser is collimated by the laser collimating lens and then shines on the object under test. The detection optical axis of the light intensity detection module points to the radiation spot on the object under test.

[0018] S3: Let the distance between the detection target surface of the acquisition unit and the radiation spot be the first distance r1. Keep the azimuth angle of the test object unchanged, and let the multi-dimensional turntable drive the test object to rotate in the zenith angle within the domain of [0, π] based on the first step length. The light intensity detection module collects the light intensity of the test object at each sampling point.

[0019] S4: Keep the zenith angle of the test object unchanged, and make the multi-dimensional turntable drive the test object to rotate in the domain [0, π] based on the second step length, and the light intensity detection module collects the light intensity of the test object at each sampling point.

[0020] S5: Move the light intensity detection module a distance Δr along its own detection optical axis. Let the distance between the detection target surface of the acquisition unit and the radiation spot be the second distance r2. Replace the first distance r1 with the second distance r2 and repeat steps S3-S4.

[0021] S6: Based on the calibration results obtained in step S1, process the data obtained in S3-S5 to obtain the true light intensity at each sampling point;

[0022] S7: Calculate the radial gradient component of the true light intensity at each sampling point using the following formula:

[0023] ;

[0024] in, The angle of the multi-dimensional turntable is The radial difference in the true light intensity of the corresponding sampling points;

[0025] S8: Based on the calculation results of step S7, the phase information corresponding to the radial gradient component of each sampling point is calculated using the TIE algorithm.

[0026] S9: Based on the calculation results of step S8, the spatial light field distribution of the test object is calculated using the following formula:

[0027] ;

[0028] in, The laser-induced radiation light field of the object under test at a distance Location, spatial angle ( Complex electric vector under ) The laser-induced radiation light field of the object under test at a distance Location, spatial angle ( The electric vector amplitude under ) The laser-induced radiation light field of the object under test at a distance Location, spatial angle ( The wavefront phase under (j) is the imaginary unit.

[0029] Furthermore, the detailed steps of step S1 are as follows:

[0030] S11: Position the standard point light source, the calibrated illuminance meter, and the acquisition unit on the same optical axis. The photosensitive surface of the illuminance meter and the receiving end face of the calibrated module are both perpendicular to the optical axis. The distance between the calibrated illuminance meter and the standard point light source is the same as the distance between the calibrated module and the standard point light source.

[0031] S12: Let the light intensity collected by the calibrated module be... The light intensity collected by the calibrated illuminometer The first photoelectric conversion count rate measured by the calibrated illuminometer is n 0;

[0032] S13: Calculate the conversion coefficients between the standard point light source and the calibrated module at different distances using the following formula. :

[0033] ;

[0034] in, R LThis refers to the distance between the standard point light source and the acquisition unit.

[0035] Furthermore, in step S5, the distance Δr is 1%-2% of the first distance r1.

[0036] Furthermore, step S6 specifically includes:

[0037] S61: The multi-dimensional turntable drives the test object on the laser irradiation effect object placement stage to rotate until the light intensity detection module measures the light intensity and photon count rate corresponding to the complete radiation spot, while keeping the current deflection angle of the multi-dimensional turntable unchanged.

[0038] S62: Block the light inlet of the acquisition unit of the light intensity detection module, and use the acquisition unit of the light intensity detection module to acquire the dark environment signal C0;

[0039] S63: Ensure that the light inlet of the light intensity detection module's acquisition unit is unobstructed, and that the light intensity detection module's acquisition unit acquires the radiation spot of the test object at the current deflection angle, thereby obtaining the effective signal C1 of the radiation spot.

[0040] S64: Calculate the second photoelectric conversion count rate based on the dark environment signal C0 and the effective signal C1 of the radiated spot. n t ;

[0041] S65: Based on the second photoelectric conversion counting rate n t Based on the calibration results of step S1, the standard light intensity of the radiation spot is calculated using the following formula:

[0042] ;

[0043] in, The laser-induced radiation light field of the object under test at a distance R and a spatial angle ( The standard light intensity under (r1 or r2) is given by (r1 or r2).

[0044] S66: Based on step S65, the true intensity of the radiation spot, which excludes laser power fluctuations, is calculated using the following formula:

[0045] ;

[0046] in, The average laser power emitted by the laser. The laser power is the laser power when the object is irradiated.

[0047] Furthermore, if the acquisition unit is a photodiode, the dark environment signal is the dark environment current; if the acquisition unit is a spectrometer or an area array detector, the dark environment signal is the dark environment image.

[0048] Furthermore, in step S8, the calculation formula used to calculate the phase information corresponding to the radial gradient component of each sampling point in combination with the TIE algorithm is as follows:

[0049]

[0050] ;

[0051] in, The wavelength at which the laser outputs light. For the horizontal gradient, For phase, The distance is the midpoint between the object to be measured and the first and second distances.

[0052] Furthermore, the laser-induced radiation field of the test object at a spatial angle ( electric vector amplitude under ) The expression is:

[0053] ;

[0054] in, Z 0 represents vacuum impedance.

[0055] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0056] This invention presents a static testing device and method for the spatial light field distribution characteristics of laser-irradiated objects. It provides a wavefront distribution measurement scheme that offers rapid measurement, high intensity measurement accuracy, and moderate angular resolution. By employing a B-β coordinate system multi-dimensional turntable for spherical light field intensity measurement and combining it with the transmission intensity equation (TIE) to solve for the wavefront, it not only effectively controls measurement costs but also endows the system with the technical advantages of high measurement accuracy, rapid data acquisition, and high dynamic range. Furthermore, it possesses the effective measurement capability for wavefronts with large spatial curvature. In addition, the light intensity measurement unit in the system has flexible configuration characteristics, and can be equipped with various targeted photoelectric detectors according to actual needs, adapting to different application scenarios such as laser remote sensing, laser communication, and laser alarm, thus achieving diversified functional expansion. Attached Figure Description

[0057] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the invention are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0058] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the laser collimating lens module described in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 2A schematic diagram of the structure of the light intensity detection module described in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the static testing device for the spatial optical field distribution characteristics of a laser irradiated object as described in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure for multiple measurements as described in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of the static testing method for the spatial light field distribution characteristics of a laser irradiated object as described in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 6 The photon count rate of the infrared camera imaging the spot area described in the embodiment of the present invention and the current rotation angle of the multi-dimensional turntable. i The functional relationship.

[0064] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0065] 1. Multidimensional turntable; 2. Laser irradiation effect object mounting stage; 3. Hollow support rod; 4. Laser collimating lens; 5. Y-type optical fiber; 6. Laser; 7. Power monitor; 8. Acquisition unit; 9. Rangefinder; 10. Data processing module; 11. Effect object to be measured. Detailed Implementation

[0066] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0067] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0068] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on this invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0069] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0070] The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0071] like Figure 1 As shown, this invention proposes a static testing device for the spatial optical field distribution characteristics of a laser-irradiated object, comprising:

[0072] The laser collimating lens module is used to emit collimated laser light to the object under test 11 and to collect the laser power when the laser irradiates the object and the average laser power emitted by the laser 6.

[0073] The average laser power emitted by laser 6 refers to the laser power measured for the first time by power monitor 7 when laser 6 is stabilizing its emission.

[0074] The laser irradiation effect turntable module is used to fix the effect object 11 under test and drive the effect object 11 under test to rotate, so as to achieve full coverage of the space detection direction.

[0075] The light intensity detection module is used to collect the light intensity corresponding to the radiation spot at a specified location at each angle.

[0076] The data processing module 10 calculates the spatial light field distribution of the test object 11 based on the acquisition results of the laser collimating lens module and the light intensity detection module, combined with the TIE algorithm.

[0077] This invention, based on the spectral photometric scanning method, employs a coaxial rangefinder 9 and a switchable acquisition unit 8 on the testing device. A motorized multi-dimensional turntable 1 changes the pose of the test object 11 and scans and measures its light intensity distribution, solving the measurement challenge of wavefronts with large curvature. This invention, based on the conventional spectral photometric scanning method, achieves the measurement of radiation propagation phase information, which is helpful in obtaining the spatial light field propagation characteristics of laser-induced radiation from the test object.

[0078] The main structure of this invention consists of three parts: a laser irradiation effector turntable module, a laser collimating lens module, and a light intensity detection module. The laser irradiation effector turntable module mainly comprises a laser irradiation effector mounting stage 2 and a B-... β The system consists of a multidimensional turntable 1, a laser collimating lens 4, and a hollow support. The B-β coordinate system is a custom coordinate system defined for the rotational degrees of freedom of the multidimensional turntable 1. The B-axis corresponds to the "azimuth rotation axis"—controlling the rotation of the effector around its own normal axis, corresponding to the azimuth angle in the spherical coordinate system. f The β-axis corresponds to the "polar rotation axis"—the control effector's pitch rotation about an axis perpendicular to the normal axis, corresponding to the polar angle θ in spherical coordinates. Its structure is shown in [link to documentation]. Figure 2 .

[0079] Among them, the effector on the laser irradiation effector mounting stage 2 should have a plane for responding to laser irradiation, which is related to B- β The coordinate system multidimensional turntable 1 rotates between -100° and 100° in the left-right and pitch directions. The laser collimating lens 4 is perpendicular to the response plane of the irradiated object and is connected to the laser output port via optical fiber. The laser collimating lens 4 rotates with the turntable but its relative position to the irradiated object remains fixed. A hollow, lightweight, rigid rod (hollow support rod 3) extends outward from the laser irradiated object turntable module to connect the laser collimating lens 4. The hollow support rod 3 is connected to the laser collimating lens 4 via set screws. The laser output port extends from the hollow support rod 3 via optical fiber and connects to the laser collimating lens 4, aiming to reduce light obstruction. The hollow support rod 3 has detachable and connectable set screws at both ends. If complete data cannot be measured on one side due to light obstruction by the support rod, the other end can be connected for measurement after the data on that side is measured. The laser collimating lens 4 is connected to a Y-shaped optical fiber 5. The six-core fiber is responsible for transmitting the laser emitted by the laser 6, and the single-core fiber is responsible for collecting the intensity signal of diffuse reflection / laser-induced radiation and transmitting it to the energy / power monitoring module (power monitor 7) to calculate the light intensity of the portion blocked by the laser collimating lens 4. The power monitor 7 is usually composed of a power meter or energy meter, but other types of photoelectric detection devices can also be used instead.

[0080] like Figure 2 As shown, the light intensity detection module consists of a data acquisition section and a ranging section. The data acquisition section uses a photodiode / spectrometer / area array detector paired with a lens corresponding to the radiation window and a bandpass filter. Absolute light intensity calibration is performed using a calibrated illuminometer. During measurement, the light intensity detection module is placed at a predetermined distance from the effector. r Location 1, computer-controlled B- β The left and right, and pitch rotors of the coordinate system multidimensional turntable 1 (usually stepper motors are sufficient, but more precise motors can be used for cases requiring higher angular resolution) record the deflection angle of the normal vector of the effector, i.e. ( i , f The light intensity was collected. The position of the effector was measured using a rangefinder 9, and this distance was recorded as r1. The light intensity collected at the origin of the B-β coordinate system was recorded as r1. I ( r 1, i , f ).

[0081] Move the light intensity detection module by a small displacement Δ along the line of sight (optical axis). r Repeat the above steps to collect the light intensity, and record it as . I ( r 1+Δ r , i , f ).Depend on I ( r 1, i , f )and I ( r 1+Δ r , i , f Calculate approximate partial differential components I / The phase distribution, i.e., the wavefront of the laser-induced radiation spatial field of the effector, is obtained by substituting r into the intensity transmission equation (TIE). Since a spherical coordinate system is used, the detection scheme theoretically possesses the capability to measure wavefronts with large spatial curvatures, such as elliptical or teardrop-shaped wavefronts. Furthermore, in spherical coordinates, wavefront data is angularly resolved rather than flatly resolved as in Cartesian coordinates; therefore, the resolution remains constant for different detection distances, and the acquisition time is also the same. Moreover, since the sensor itself only measures light intensity and not light deflection, filters, attenuators, and other components can be added before the entrance pupil when measuring the wavefront; a high signal-to-noise ratio measurement can be achieved with a simple linear transformation. Additionally, since the direct measurement of the wavefront itself is not involved, adding different types of attenuators will not significantly affect the phase of the wavefront measurement and can also result in a relatively large dynamic range for the sensor.

[0082] Furthermore, the laser irradiation effect turntable module includes a multi-dimensional turntable 1, a laser irradiation effect placement stage 2, and a hollow support rod 3; the laser collimating lens module includes a laser collimating lens 4 and a power monitor 7.

[0083] The static testing device for the spatial light field distribution characteristics of laser-irradiated objects also includes a laser 6 and a Y-type optical fiber 5. One end of the Y-type optical fiber 5 is a beam splitter, which includes a six-core optical fiber and a one-core optical fiber. The other end of the Y-type optical fiber 5 is a beam combiner. The laser 6 is connected to the six-core optical fiber, the power monitor 7 is connected to the one-core optical fiber, and the beam combiner passes through the hollow support rod 3 and is connected to the laser collimating lens 4.

[0084] One end of the hollow support rod 3 is mounted on the laser irradiation effect object mounting stage 2, and the other end of the hollow support rod 3 is mounted on the laser collimating lens 4. The laser collimating lens 4 is perpendicular to the response plane of the effect object 11 under test. The laser irradiation effect object mounting stage 2 is fixedly mounted on the multi-dimensional turntable 1. The effect object 11 under test is flattened and fixed on the laser irradiation effect object mounting stage 2. The multi-dimensional turntable 1 drives the laser irradiation effect object mounting stage 2 to rotate in two dimensions. The laser output by the laser 6 is collimated by the laser collimating lens 4 and then irradiates the effect object 11 under test. The laser reflected by the effect object 11 under test is sequentially input to the power monitor 7 through the beam combiner and a single optical fiber. The power monitor 7 collects the laser power when the laser irradiates the effect object in real time.

[0085] Furthermore, the light intensity detection module includes a data acquisition unit 8 and a rangefinder 9. The data acquisition unit 8 is a photodiode, a spectrometer, or an area array detector.

[0086] A static testing method for the spatial optical field distribution characteristics of a laser-irradiated object, implemented using a static testing device for the spatial optical field distribution characteristics of a laser-irradiated object, specifically includes the following steps:

[0087] S1: The acquisition unit 8 is calibrated using a standard point light source and a calibrated illuminance meter to obtain the conversion coefficients between the standard point light source and the acquisition unit 8 at different distances.

[0088] S2: The laser output from laser 6 is collimated by laser collimating lens 4 and then irradiates the test object 11. The detection optical axis of the light intensity detection module points to the radiation spot on the test object 11.

[0089] S3: Let the distance between the detection target surface of the acquisition unit 8 and the radiation spot be the first distance r1. Keep the azimuth angle of the test object 11 unchanged, and make the multi-dimensional turntable 1 drive the test object 11 to rotate in the zenith angle based on the first step length in the domain of [0, π]. The light intensity detection module collects the light intensity of the test object 11 at each sampling point.

[0090] If the object under test 11 is a transmission type, the multidimensional turntable 1 drives the object under test 11 to rotate at the zenith angle within the domain of [0, 2π] based on the first step length. Here, the object under test 11 is a reflection type.

[0091] S4: Keep the zenith angle of the test object 11 unchanged, and make the multi-dimensional turntable 1 drive the test object 11 to rotate in the domain of [0, π] based on the second step length, and the light intensity detection module collects the light intensity of the test object 11 at each sampling point.

[0092] S5: Move the light intensity detection module a distance Δr along its own detection optical axis. Let the distance between the detection target surface of the acquisition unit 8 and the radiation spot be the second distance r2. Replace the first distance r1 with the second distance r2 and repeat steps S3-S4.

[0093] S6: Based on the calibration results obtained in step S1, process the data obtained in S3-S5 to obtain the true light intensity at each sampling point;

[0094] S7: Calculate the radial gradient component of the true light intensity at each sampling point using the following formula:

[0095] ;

[0096] in, The angle of the multi-dimensional turntable is The radial difference in the true light intensity of the corresponding sampling points;

[0097] S8: Based on the calculation results of step S7, the phase information corresponding to the radial gradient component of each sampling point is calculated using the TIE algorithm.

[0098] S9: Based on the calculation results of step S8, the spatial light field distribution of the test effect 11 is calculated using the following formula:

[0099] ;

[0100] in, The laser-induced radiation light field of the object under test at a distance Location, spatial angle ( Complex electric vector under ) The laser-induced emission light field of the test object 11 at a distance Location, spatial angle ( The electric vector amplitude under ) The laser-induced radiation light field of the object under test at a distance Location, spatial angle ( The wavefront phase under (j) is the imaginary unit.

[0101] Furthermore, the detailed steps of step S1 are as follows:

[0102] S11: Position the standard point light source, the calibrated illuminance meter, and the acquisition unit 8 on the same optical axis. The photosensitive surface of the illuminance meter and the receiving end face of the calibrated module are both perpendicular to the optical axis. The distance between the calibrated illuminance meter and the standard point light source is the same as the distance between the calibrated module and the standard point light source.

[0103] S12: Let the light intensity collected by the calibrated module be... The light intensity collected by the calibrated illuminometer The first photoelectric conversion count rate measured by the calibrated illuminometer is n 0;

[0104] S13: Calculate the conversion coefficients between the standard point light source and the calibrated module at different distances using the following formula. :

[0105] ;

[0106] in, R L The distance between the standard point light source and the acquisition unit 8.

[0107] Furthermore, in step S5, the distance Δr is 1%-2% of the first distance r1.

[0108] It should be noted that the effect object on the laser irradiation effect object mounting stage 2 should have a plane for responding to laser irradiation, and the size of the effect object plane should be larger than the irradiation range of the beam, i.e., the size of the laser spot. During measurement, the effect object rotates with the B-β coordinate system multidimensional turntable 1 between -95° and 95° in the left-right and pitch directions. This multidimensional turntable 1 is remotely controlled by a computer, and in larger-scale experiments, a remote wireless connection can be used. The laser collimating lens 4 is usually perpendicular to the effect object's response plane (a specific irradiation angle can also be set), and is connected to the laser's output port by optical fiber. It rotates with the turntable and its relative position to the irradiated effect object is fixed. A hollow, lightweight rigid rod extends outward from the laser irradiation effect object turntable module to connect to the laser collimating lens 4 via a set screw. The laser's output port is connected to the collimating lens 4 via optical fiber passing through the hollow support rod 3. The purpose is to measure the light intensity at the part blocked by the laser collimating lens 4. The laser collimating lens 4 is connected to a Y-shaped optical fiber 5. The six-core fiber transmits the laser light emitted by the laser 6, while the single-core fiber collects the intensity signal of diffuse reflection / laser-induced radiation and transmits it to the energy / power monitoring module to calculate the intensity of the light in the portion blocked by the laser collimating lens 4. Due to the limitations of the acquisition efficiency of the acquisition unit 8 and the form of the photoelectric conversion data, the acquisition module cannot directly measure the intensity of the blocked portion in most cases. I [W / cm 2However, this physical quantity can be calibrated using a photometer. The specific steps are as follows:

[0109] (1) Using a standard point light source, at the same distance from the standard point light source R L A calibrated illuminometer and a calibrated laser collimator module were placed below [cm], and data were collected simultaneously. The collected laser power was [value missing]. P 0.

[0110] (2) Since the point source is a spherical wave and is isotropic, the light intensity collected by the laser collimating lens module is denoted as . I col [W / cm 2 [It is related to the light intensity collected by the illuminometer] I lum [W / cm 2 If they are equal, then:

[0111] At this time, the power collected by the calibrated illuminometer P 0 is proportional to light intensity I col Therefore, the conversion factor can be obtained:

[0112] ;

[0113] (3) In the actual experiment, let the power collected by the laser collimating lens module be... P 1. The distance between the laser collimating lens module and the effect object is... R 1 [cm] corresponds to the absolute light intensity I for:

[0114] ;

[0115] Similarly, any digital quantity measured by the light intensity detection module (similar to the power acquired by the laser collimating lens module) P Or the photon count rate collected by acquisition unit 8 n t Absolute light intensity can also be obtained using the methods described above. For example, the photoelectric count corresponding to a certain wavelength obtained by a spectrometer can be used to obtain the power spectral density using a photometer. i lum [W / cm 2 The absolute power spectral density of the effector plane normal was obtained by calibration using the same method. i col [W / cm] 2 ·nm).

[0116] The light intensity detection module consists of an acquisition section and a ranging section. The acquisition section uses a photodiode / spectrometer / area array detector with a lens and bandpass filter corresponding to the radiation window to complete the acquisition. The absolute light intensity of the acquisition section is calibrated using a calibrated illuminance meter.

[0117] Furthermore, step S6 specifically includes:

[0118] S61: The multi-dimensional turntable 1 drives the test object 11 on the laser irradiation effect object placement stage 2 to rotate until the light intensity detection module measures the light intensity and photon count rate corresponding to the complete radiation spot, while keeping the current deflection angle of the multi-dimensional turntable 1 unchanged.

[0119] S62: Block the light inlet of the acquisition unit 8 of the light intensity detection module, and use the acquisition unit 8 of the light intensity detection module to acquire the dark environment signal C0.

[0120] S63: Ensure that the light inlet of the acquisition unit 8 of the light intensity detection module is not blocked, and enable the acquisition unit 8 of the light intensity detection module to acquire the radiation spot of the test effect object 11 at the current deflection angle, and obtain the effective signal C1 of the radiation spot.

[0121] S64: Calculate the second photoelectric conversion count rate based on the dark environment signal C0 and the effective signal C1 of the radiated spot. n t ;

[0122] S65: Based on the second photoelectric conversion counting rate n t Based on the calibration results of step S1, the standard light intensity of the radiation spot is calculated using the following formula:

[0123] ;

[0124] in, The laser-induced radiation light field of the test object 11 at a distance R and a spatial angle ( The standard light intensity under (r1 or r2) is given by (r1 or r2).

[0125] S66: Based on step S65, the true intensity of the radiation spot, which excludes laser power fluctuations, is calculated using the following formula:

[0126] ;

[0127] in, The average laser power emitted by laser 6. The laser power is the laser power when the object is irradiated.

[0128] Furthermore, if the acquisition unit 8 is a photodiode, the dark environment signal is the dark environment current; if the acquisition unit 8 is a spectrometer or an area array detector, the dark environment signal is the dark environment image.

[0129] Furthermore, in step S8, the calculation formula used to calculate the phase information corresponding to the radial gradient component of each sampling point in combination with the TIE algorithm is as follows:

[0130]

[0131] ;

[0132] in, The wavelength of the laser output by laser 6. For the horizontal gradient, For phase, The distance is the distance between the midpoint of the test effect 11 and the first and second distances.

[0133] Furthermore, the laser-induced radiation light field of the test object 11 at a spatial angle ( electric vector amplitude under ) The expression is:

[0134] ;

[0135] in, Z 0 represents vacuum impedance.

[0136] Example 1:

[0137] The overall setup of the experimental system is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, it should be noted that the specific wavelengths and other information involved are just one example of the measurement method and experimental platform described in this patent. Simple changes in devices, wavelengths, or structures should not be outside the scope of protection of this patent.

[0138] In this embodiment, the laser source is a Thorlabs MX10C high-speed C-band modulated laser 6 with an output center wavelength of 1550.126 nm. The typical output power is 22.4 mW, the tuning resolution is 1 MHz, the typical optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) is 60 dB, and the linewidth is 10 kHz. Using FC / PC fiber optic output, the measured laser power output from the collimating lens 4 ranges from 5.6 μW to 5 mW, with a spot diameter of 10 mm. For more general scenarios, photoelectric signal acquisition elements and ranging devices need to be selected according to the actual situation. The ranging device can be optical (e.g., laser rangefinder 9) or acoustic (e.g., ultrasonic rangefinder 9), among other devices. Additionally, the shaded dashed lines indicate that wired (near-field experiment) and wireless (far-field experiment) communication with the computer is possible. Since the computer should ideally acquire light intensity data in real time, it is usually placed in the same location as the light intensity detection module and communicates using a wired connection. The light intensity detection module moves only in the radial direction; changes in azimuth and polar angles are controlled by motors 1 and 2 at B- β The effector's pose is adjusted in the coordinate system. This is equivalent to the light intensity detection module moving on a spherical surface.

[0139] The laser irradiation effector stage 2 is placed at the center of a square optical plate, with its rotation axis coinciding with the central axis. Rotation in the left-right direction (azimuth angle) is provided by an electric rotary table to offer higher torque. This electric rotary table has a maximum horizontal load capacity of 7.5 kg, a positioning accuracy of 0.05°, uses a 2-phase 28-stepper motor, and is equipped with photoelectric limit switches. It communicates with a computer via a CAN bus to achieve rotation angle control. The effector used is a 100mm × 100mm sheet of light field modulation fabric, a blend of metal wires and polymer microfilaments. An optical fiber passes through the center of a hollow support rod 3, bypassing the optical path, and connects to the laser collimator 4 to avoid the fiber optic cable obstructing the light path. The effector is flattened and adhered to a fork-shaped bracket, allowing it to rotate together with the fiber optic collimator 4 using the electric rotary table. Measurements showed that the transmittance of the effector to C-band laser was very low and negligible. The actual rotation stroke during measurement was 190° (referred to as -95°~95° after centering) to reduce the measurement of meaningless data and shorten the experimental time. When the effector itself has strong transmittance, the stroke should be set to 360°.

[0140] First, a static testing device for the spatial light field distribution characteristics of the laser irradiated object needs to be set up, and the connection and communication status of each hardware component needs to be confirmed. Using a computer-controlled electric rotary table, the scattered irradiance is measured every 2° (this value can be reduced to the motor's positioning accuracy limit if higher angular resolution data is required). A set of measurement data includes the laser power emitted from the single branch of the Y-shaped fiber (essentially photon counting, therefore it can be used for light intensity calibration). N PReal-time distance between the optical rangefinder's effect plane and the camera target surface. R c Photon count rate of infrared camera imaging spot area r Ω And the current rotation angle of the electrically controlled rotary table (multi-dimensional rotary table 1). θ,φ When the modulated scattered light of the effector is isotropic, its symmetry can be used to reduce the dimensionality of the data. In spherical coordinates, the polar angle... i The domain is [0,π], and the azimuth angle is... f The domain of the definition is [0, 2π]. Considering that the isotropy of the effector represents its rotational invariance about the normal axis, the light intensity can be considered to be related to the azimuth angle. f It's irrelevant. At this point, scanning only in one direction (left or right) is sufficient. If the spatial distribution of material light intensity is non-isotropic, i.e., lacks rotational symmetry about the normal axis, then motor 2 needs to perform a scan of the azimuth angle when motor 1 rotates to each angle. f The azimuth direction data is scanned. When the azimuth direction effect object is opaque, the scanning stroke is 190°. When the transmission is strong, the stroke is set to 360°.

[0141] To obtain wavefront phase results, more than two spherical scans are required, such as... Figure 4 As shown. In the case of pursuing high scanning speed, only two scans are needed. Let the light intensity result of the first spherical scan be... I ( r 1, i , f Move the light intensity detection module forward or backward a small distance Δ along the line of sight. r (This can typically be set to the real-time distance between the optical rangefinder's 9-effect plane and the camera) R c The scanned light intensity is 1%-2%, meaning the shape of the image formed by the scanned radiation after passing through the collecting optical system changes somewhat but not drastically (i.e., the normalized cross-correlation coefficient between the two is between 90% and 95%). The scanned light intensity result is denoted as... I ( r 1+Δ r , i , f Thus, the gradient component of light intensity in the radial direction can be approximated by the central difference (second-order accuracy), that is:

[0142] ;

[0143] If multiple scans are performed, a more precise method can be used, such as the central difference method (fourth-order precision, requiring at least four scans), to obtain the gradient component values ​​at the corresponding positions.

[0144] like Figure 5The experimental procedure for a single spherical scanning is shown below:

[0145] (1) Connect and initialize all instruments;

[0146] (2) Check the instrument and power calibration data to verify that the connection is successful;

[0147] (3) Rotate to an angle where the light spot is more complete (ensure that the measured data is complete data that is not blocked by the collimating lens 4) and take a picture of the light spot;

[0148] (4) Adjust the integration time of the detector (infrared camera in this embodiment) until the returned photoelectric conversion count data (gray value of the spot image) is slightly less than the saturation value (255);

[0149] (5) Obtain the average grayscale value of the laser spot image in the selected area (the area where the laser spot is located is the selected area). C 1 and the number of pixels in the selected area m ;

[0150] If the detector is a photodiode, then the effective electrical signal of the radiated spot is collected. C 1;

[0151] (6) Close the shutter or block the light inlet;

[0152] (7) Calculate the average dark environment gray value in the current acquisition domain (detector target area). C 0;

[0153] If the detector is a photodiode, then it collects the ambient current in the dark. C 0;

[0154] (8) Remove gray values ​​from dark environments, i.e. calculate the average effective gray value. C 1- C 0;

[0155] (9) Through integration time t Divide to calculate the photoelectric conversion count rate of the acquisition area:

[0156] ;

[0157] If the detector is a photodiode, the photoelectric conversion count rate of the acquisition area is calculated using the following formula:

[0158] ;

[0159] (10) Obtain distance data from rangefinder 9 r 1 and current angle coordinates ( i, (In this case, due to rotational symmetry, only the polar angle is involved.) i );

[0160] (11) By collecting coarse data on light intensity (i.e., standard light intensity) I ( r 1, i , ):

[0161] R=r1;

[0162] Under normal conditions, the intensity of the modulated optical field is linearly related to the laser intensity. Therefore, the laser power emitted from the single core of the Y-shaped fiber is measured in real time using a power meter. P This can eliminate the influence of beam power fluctuations on light intensity. The rough data from the first measurement when the light power is stable is as follows: Power P st Based on this, the true light intensity is:

[0163] ;

[0164] (12) Save the data to a table;

[0165] (13) If the detector signal is saturated, reduce the integration time until it is no longer saturated, and repeat the above measurement steps (4)-(13) until the end of the stroke; otherwise, repeat steps (5)-(13); the end of the stroke is the end of one spherical scan, and complete all data acquisition by scanning more than twice.

[0166] (14) Data processing and mathematical model building, the specific methods will be described in detail in the next section;

[0167] (15) Plot and export data and images;

[0168] Among them, steps (14)-(15) are the analysis, solution and visualization of data after multiple scans, which are the core steps of converting light intensity into phase information.

[0169] Next, we will process the data:

[0170] Since this embodiment solves for the phase surface in spherical coordinates, it is necessary to explain its basic equations.

[0171] The gradient of spherical coordinates in the Cartesian basis is expressed as:

[0172] ;

[0173] The expressions for the three unit vectors in Cartesian coordinates are as follows:

[0174] e r= [sin i cos f , sin i sin f cos i ] T ;

[0175] e θ = [cos i cos f cos i sin f , -sin i ] T ;

[0176] e φ = [-sin f cos f , 0] T ;

[0177] in, f Let r be the radial distance and θ be the polar angle. f It is the azimuth angle. e r A radial unit vector, e θ The polar angle direction is the unit vector. e φ This is the unit vector for the azimuth direction.

[0178] Calculating the wavefront profile using the intensity distribution gradient in spherical coordinates is similar in core to the approach in Cartesian coordinates: the phase gradient and intensity distribution are linked through the transmission equation (TIE), the phase distribution is obtained by solving for it, and then the wavefront profile of the radiation is calculated by considering the phase. In this embodiment, the intensity transmission equation in spherical coordinates is used to directly solve for the phase on the sphere. ψ ( r , i , f Assume the main propagation direction is along the radial direction. r ,strength I = I ( r , i , f ), phase is ψ ( r , i , f The azimuth and polar components of spherical coordinates are... i and f The lateral gradient is denoted as ⊥ .

[0179] ;

[0180] ;

[0181] ;

[0182] For radial transmission, TIE provides:

[0183] ;

[0184] The calculation method has been given on the left side of the equation, which is discretized into a column vector, where each matrix element corresponds to a coordinate. i , f ) I / r Sampling, if we assume ( i , f The mesh fractions in the direction are respectively m and n Then the vector has a total of s = m n n matrix elements, with a size of ( s× 1). The right side of the equation is similar: it can be obtained through interpolation or direct measurement. r = r 1+Δ r The light intensity at / 2, i.e. I ( r 1+Δ r / 2, i , f Using the central difference method, it can be transformed into a matrix (i.e., an operator of size ). s×s )and ψ Vector (also of size) s× 1) Matrix multiplication transforms the TIE into a system of linear equations, which can be computed by solving the inverse of the operator matrix. ψ Vector, i.e. ψ ( r 1+Δ r / 2, i , f Regarding the setting of boundary conditions, since the phase changes continuously with the angle, Neumann boundary conditions can be used. I / θ| 边界 = I / f | 边界= 0. If the effector has strong transmission, then use periodic boundary conditions. I / θ| θ=0 = I / θ| θ=π ,as well as I / φ| φ=0 = I / θ| φ=2π The specific calculations of partial differential equations can be accomplished using tools such as MATLAB's pdetool package or other mature partial differential equation solvers, and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0185] After obtaining the phase information, the light intensity can be obtained from the light intensity, and the electric vector intensity can be further obtained. E 0, the specific calculation method is as follows:

[0186] ;

[0187] in Z 0 represents the vacuum impedance, which is approximately 377 Ω.

[0188] Furthermore, the wavefront (in complex amplitude form) of a specified sphere can be represented using the form of a complex electric vector:

[0189] ;

[0190] The wavefront shape can be determined by equipotential surfaces, i.e. ψ ( r 1+Δ r / 2, i , f The wavefront is described by a constant. Furthermore, the wavefront form after the light intensity continues to propagate any distance along the radial axis can be calculated from the complex amplitude expression of the current wavefront. If the wavefront data is noisy, it is recommended to introduce regularization (such as Tikhonov regularization) into the solution to improve robustness.

[0191] like Figure 6As shown, the scattered signal in the normal direction of the effector (approximately 27°, corresponding to the dashed line in the figure) is blocked by collimating lens 4. The light intensity can be calibrated using a photometer calibration method. Other data that cannot be fully measured due to obstruction in the middle (the central dip of the solid line) can be obtained using interpolation methods or by fitting near-coaxial data ("blocks") ("+" lines). The vertical axis represents the photon count rate of the infrared camera imaging the spot area. n t The horizontal axis represents the current rotation angle of the electrically controlled rotary table. i , and azimuth f Irrelevant.

[0192] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used to reorder, add, or delete steps. For example, the steps described in this invention disclosure can be executed in parallel, sequentially, or in different orders, as long as the desired result of the technical solution disclosed in this invention can be achieved, and this is not limited herein.

[0193] The specific embodiments described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this invention should be included within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A static testing device for the spatial optical field distribution characteristics of a laser-irradiated object, characterized in that: include: The laser collimating lens module is used to emit collimated laser light onto the object under test and to collect the laser power when the laser irradiates the object and the average laser power emitted by the laser. The laser irradiation effect turntable module is used to fix the effect object under test and drive the effect object under test to rotate, so as to achieve full coverage of the space detection direction; The light intensity detection module is used to collect the light intensity corresponding to the radiation spot at a specified location at each angle. The specific operation for collecting the light intensity corresponding to the radiation spot at a specified location at each angle is as follows: Let the distance between the detection target surface of the acquisition unit and the radiation spot be the first distance r1. Keep the azimuth angle of the test object unchanged, and let the multi-dimensional turntable drive the test object to rotate in the zenith angle within the domain of [0, π] based on the first step length. The light intensity detection module collects the light intensity of the test object at each sampling point. Keeping the zenith angle of the test object constant, the multi-dimensional turntable drives the test object to rotate in the domain [0, π] based on the second step length, and the light intensity detection module collects the light intensity of the test object at each sampling point. Move the light intensity detection module a distance Δr along its own detection optical axis. Let the distance between the detection target surface of the acquisition unit and the radiation spot be the second distance r2. Replace the first distance r1 with the second distance r2 and repeat the above operation to obtain the acquisition result corresponding to the distance between the detection target surface of the acquisition unit and the radiation spot being the second distance r2. The data processing module calculates the spatial light field distribution of the object under test based on the acquisition results of the laser collimating lens module and the light intensity detection module, combined with the TIE algorithm.

2. The static testing device for the spatial optical field distribution characteristics of a laser-irradiated object according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser irradiation effect turntable module includes a multi-dimensional turntable, a laser irradiation effect placement stage, and a hollow support rod; the laser collimator module includes a laser collimator and a power monitor. The static testing device for the spatial light field distribution characteristics of laser irradiated objects also includes a laser and a Y-type optical fiber. One end of the Y-type optical fiber is a beam splitter, which includes a six-core optical fiber and a one-core optical fiber. The other end of the Y-type optical fiber is a beam combiner. The laser is connected to the six-core optical fiber, the power monitor is connected to the one-core optical fiber, and the beam combiner passes through a hollow support rod and is connected to the laser collimator. One end of the hollow support rod is mounted on the laser irradiation effect object mounting platform, and the other end of the hollow support rod is mounted on the laser collimating lens, which is perpendicular to the response plane of the effect object under test. The laser irradiation effect object mounting platform is fixedly installed on the multi-dimensional turntable. The effect object under test is flattened and fixed on the laser irradiation effect object mounting platform. The multi-dimensional turntable drives the laser irradiation effect object mounting platform to rotate in two dimensions. The laser output from the laser is collimated by the laser collimating lens and then irradiates the effect object under test. The laser reflected by the effect object under test is sequentially input to the power monitor through the beam combiner and a single optical fiber. The power monitor collects the laser power when the laser irradiates the effect object in real time.

3. The static testing device for the spatial optical field distribution characteristics of a laser-irradiated object according to claim 2, characterized in that: The light intensity detection module includes a data acquisition unit and a rangefinder. The data acquisition unit can be a photodiode, a spectrometer, or an area array detector.

4. A static testing method for the spatial light field distribution characteristics of a laser-irradiated object, implemented using the static testing device for the spatial light field distribution characteristics of a laser-irradiated object as described in claim 3, characterized in that: Specifically, the steps include the following: S1: The acquisition unit is calibrated using a standard point light source and a calibrated illuminance meter to obtain the conversion coefficients between the standard point light source and the acquisition unit at different distances; S2: The laser output from the laser is collimated by the laser collimating lens and then shines on the object under test. The detection optical axis of the light intensity detection module points to the radiation spot on the object under test. S3: Let the distance between the detection target surface of the acquisition unit and the radiation spot be the first distance r1. Keep the azimuth angle of the test object unchanged, and let the multi-dimensional turntable drive the test object to rotate in the zenith angle within the domain of [0, π] based on the first step length. The light intensity detection module collects the light intensity of the test object at each sampling point. S4: Keep the zenith angle of the test object unchanged, and make the multi-dimensional turntable drive the test object to rotate in the domain [0, π] based on the second step length, and the light intensity detection module collects the light intensity of the test object at each sampling point. S5: Move the light intensity detection module a distance Δr along its own detection optical axis. Let the distance between the detection target surface of the acquisition unit and the radiation spot be the second distance r2. Replace the first distance r1 with the second distance r2 and repeat steps S3-S4. S6: Based on the calibration results obtained in step S1, process the data obtained in S3-S5 to obtain the true light intensity at each sampling point; S7: Calculate the radial gradient component of the true light intensity at each sampling point using the following formula: ； in, The angle of the multi-dimensional turntable is The radial difference in the true light intensity of the corresponding sampling points; S8: Based on the calculation results of step S7, the phase information corresponding to the radial gradient component of each sampling point is calculated using the TIE algorithm. S9: Based on the calculation results of step S8, the spatial light field distribution of the test object is calculated using the following formula: ； in, The laser-induced radiation light field of the object under test at a distance Location, spatial angle ( Complex electric vector under ) The laser-induced radiation light field of the object under test at a distance Location, spatial angle ( The electric vector amplitude under ) The laser-induced radiation light field of the object under test at a distance Location, spatial angle ( The wavefront phase under (j) is the imaginary unit.

5. The static testing method for the spatial optical field distribution characteristics of a laser-irradiated object according to claim 4, characterized in that: The detailed steps of step S1 are as follows: S11: Position the standard point light source, the calibrated illuminance meter, and the acquisition unit on the same optical axis. The photosensitive surface of the illuminance meter and the receiving end face of the calibrated module are both perpendicular to the optical axis. The distance between the calibrated illuminance meter and the standard point light source is the same as the distance between the calibrated module and the standard point light source. S12: Let the light intensity collected by the calibrated module be... The light intensity collected by the calibrated illuminometer The first photoelectric conversion count rate measured by the calibrated illuminometer is n 0; S13: Calculate the conversion coefficients between the standard point light source and the calibrated module at different distances using the following formula. : ； in, R L This refers to the distance between the standard point light source and the acquisition unit.

6. The static testing method for the spatial optical field distribution characteristics of a laser-irradiated object according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S5, the distance Δr is 1%-2% of the first distance r1.

7. The static testing method for the spatial optical field distribution characteristics of a laser-irradiated object according to claim 5, characterized in that: Step S6 specifically includes: S61: The multi-dimensional turntable drives the test object on the laser irradiation effect object placement stage to rotate until the light intensity detection module measures the light intensity and photon count rate corresponding to the complete radiation spot, while keeping the current deflection angle of the multi-dimensional turntable unchanged. S62: Block the light inlet of the acquisition unit of the light intensity detection module, and use the acquisition unit of the light intensity detection module to acquire the dark environment signal C0; S63: Ensure that the light inlet of the light intensity detection module's acquisition unit is unobstructed, and that the light intensity detection module's acquisition unit acquires the radiation spot of the test object at the current deflection angle, thereby obtaining the effective signal C1 of the radiation spot. S64: Calculate the second photoelectric conversion count rate based on the dark environment signal C0 and the effective signal C1 of the radiated spot. n t ; S65: Based on the second photoelectric conversion counting rate n t Based on the calibration results of step S1, the standard light intensity of the radiation spot is calculated using the following formula: ； in, The laser-induced radiation light field of the object under test at a distance R and a spatial angle ( The standard light intensity under (r1 or r2) is given by (r1 or r2). S66: Based on step S65, the true intensity of the radiation spot, which excludes laser power fluctuations, is calculated using the following formula: ； in, The average laser power emitted by the laser. The laser power is the laser power when the object is irradiated.

8. The static testing method for the spatial optical field distribution characteristics of a laser-irradiated object according to claim 7, characterized in that: If the acquisition unit is a photodiode, the dark environment signal is the dark environment current; if the acquisition unit is a spectrometer or an area array detector, the dark environment signal is the dark environment image.

9. The static testing method for the spatial optical field distribution characteristics of a laser-irradiated object according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S8, the formula used to calculate the phase information corresponding to the radial gradient component of each sampling point in combination with the TIE algorithm is as follows: ； ； in, The wavelength at which the laser outputs light. For the horizontal gradient, For phase, The distance is the midpoint between the object to be measured and the first and second distances.

10. The static testing method for the spatial optical field distribution characteristics of a laser-irradiated object according to claim 7, characterized in that: The laser-induced emission field of the test object at a spatial angle ( electric vector amplitude under ) The expression is: ； in, Z 0 represents vacuum impedance.

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