Annular combustion chamber performance test method for multi-scheme synchronous combination verification

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of combustion chamber performance tests, and particularly relates to an annular combustion chamber performance test method based on multi-scheme synchronous combination verification. The method comprises the following steps: step 1, constructing a test piece outlet rotation measurement device suitable for synchronous combination verification of n schemes; 2, constructing a test control and acquisition system suitable for synchronous combination verification of n schemes; and step 3, performing an annular combustion chamber performance test for synchronous combination verification of n schemes, obtaining test data of different schemes, and realizing annular combustion chamber performance analysis. The test frequency can be greatly reduced, and the defects that an existing combustion chamber performance test method is high in test cost and long in test period are overcome; in addition, the problem of comparison accuracy caused by difference of simulation conditions of each round of test in a multi-scheme comparison verification process can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of combustion chamber performance testing, and specifically relates to a method for testing the performance of an annular combustion chamber by simultaneously verifying multiple schemes. Background Technology

[0002] After decades of technological development and evolution, aero-engine combustors are now mainly annular combustors, which generally consist of a casing, diffuser, several fuel nozzles and swirlers, inner / outer flame tubes, and igniter. The process of developing a combustor from preliminary design to finalization often requires multiple rounds of aerodynamic and structural optimization, while the selection of specific design schemes, the formulation of optimization schemes, and the finalization still mainly rely on combustor performance tests.

[0003] The performance testing of annular combustors relies on the coordinated operation of the test bench's intake and exhaust systems, heating system, fuel supply system, and cooling system to provide the necessary environmental simulation conditions, ensuring the operation of the combustor test specimen under specified conditions. Simultaneously, using the test specimen's outlet rotation measuring device and its supporting measurement and control acquisition system, various performance parameters of the combustor under operating conditions are collected, including the outlet temperature field, pressure field, pollutant emissions, and smoke count. In recent years, with the rapid development of the aero-engine industry, especially the successive establishment of multiple annular combustor test benches in China, convenient conditions have been provided for annular combustor performance testing.

[0004] Currently, annular combustor performance testing typically employs a "one design, one test" approach. This means that for each combustor design, a single annular test piece is fabricated and one round of testing is conducted. Valid test data is obtained by continuously collecting data 360° circumferentially using an outlet rotating measuring device and its sensing element or sampler. For multiple design schemes, multiple test pieces need to be fabricated and multiple rounds of testing conducted. It is crucial to ensure the consistency of the simulated environmental conditions in each round of testing to facilitate comparison of performance parameters across different schemes and to select the final design. Furthermore, to reduce the fabrication cost of test pieces and the air / fuel supply requirements of the test bench, a technical approach has been adopted to use sector-shaped test pieces capable of carrying information about the annular combustor design instead of annular test pieces for simulated combustor performance testing. For example, with a 16-head annular combustor, sector-shaped test pieces can be fabricated, including a 1 / 4 casing, a 1 / 4 diffuser, a 1 / 4 inner / outer flame tube, four fuel nozzles, and a swirler, etc. However, the testing method still needs to follow the "one design, one test" model.

[0005] Combustion chamber performance testing, which requires simulating the high-temperature and high-pressure inlet conditions of a combustion chamber during operation, is generally characterized by high energy consumption, high cost, and difficulty in maintaining and operating the testing equipment. The currently used "one test per case" methods for annular combustion chambers and "one test per case" methods for sector-shaped simulators have the following main shortcomings:

[0006] (1) In the design process of a type of combustion chamber, multiple candidate schemes are often proposed and iteratively optimized in multiple rounds. The "one scheme, one test" method has the disadvantages of high test costs and long test cycles. As the number of schemes increases, the test cycle and cost increase exponentially, and at the same time, it will bring a large amount of work for assembling and disassembling test pieces. In addition, as the test cycle is extended, the reliability of the measuring devices and auxiliary equipment of the test bench decreases sharply under high temperature and high pressure conditions, the failure rate increases significantly, and the test efficiency also decreases accordingly.

[0007] (2) While the method of using a sector-shaped simulant to conduct experiments reduces hardware processing costs and energy consumption per experiment to some extent, it does not significantly improve the experimental cycle. In addition, due to factors such as the sidewall effect of the sector-shaped simulant casing, the experimental results will differ from those of the annular combustion chamber.

[0008] (3) In order to meet the need for comparative verification of multiple schemes, the combustion chamber performance test of each scheme should ensure the consistency of the simulation conditions of each test as much as possible. However, due to the influence of the stability of each system of the test bench, measurement random error, actual operation control error and natural climate environment, the simulation conditions of each test cannot be completely consistent, which will bring a certain degree of interference to the comparative analysis of multiple schemes.

[0009] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a technical solution to overcome or mitigate at least one of the aforementioned defects in the existing technology. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The purpose of this application is to provide a multi-scheme simultaneous combined verification method for annular combustion chamber performance testing, in order to solve at least one problem existing in the prior art.

[0011] The technical solution of this application is:

[0012] A multi-scheme simultaneous combined verification method for annular combustion chamber performance testing includes:

[0013] Step 1: Construct a test specimen exit rotation measurement device suitable for simultaneous combined verification of n schemes;

[0014] Step 2: Construct a test control and data acquisition system suitable for the simultaneous combined verification of n schemes;

[0015] Step 3: Conduct annular combustion chamber performance tests to simultaneously verify n schemes, obtain test data for different schemes, and realize annular combustion chamber performance analysis.

[0016] In at least one embodiment of this application, in step one, the test piece exit rotation measuring device includes:

[0017] A rotating disk with no less than n test acquisition instruments evenly arranged along the circumference; a cooling water channel is provided on the side wall of the rotating disk; and a hollow inner cavity is provided along the axial direction inside the rotating disk.

[0018] The outer casing is fitted onto the outside of the rotating disc, and cooling air enters the hollow inner cavity through the opening of the outer casing;

[0019] The test channel includes a temperature measurement channel, a pressure measurement channel, and a gas sampling channel arranged in the hollow inner cavity. The gas sampling channel is equipped with a gas heat tracing pipeline.

[0020] The transmission mechanism is connected to the rotating disk and is used to drive the rotating disk to rotate.

[0021] In at least one embodiment of this application, the test acquisition device is a gas sensing element or a gas sampler.

[0022] In at least one embodiment of this application, each testing instrument is provided with 5 to 7 testing points.

[0023] In at least one embodiment of this application, step two, the test control and acquisition system, includes:

[0024] The data acquisition unit is used to acquire temperature signals from the temperature measurement channel and pressure signals from the pressure measurement channel, and send them to the test acquisition computer.

[0025] The component gas analyzer is used to collect gas samples from the gas sampling channel, analyze the gas composition parameters, and send them to the test acquisition computer.

[0026] The test acquisition computer is used to acquire test data from the data acquisition instrument and the component gas analyzer. It is also used to locate the real-time acquisition angle position of the test acquisition instrument by acquiring the encoder angle signal and generate a real-time angle signal.

[0027] A control computer is used to generate control signals based on real-time angle signals.

[0028] The PLC control module is used to control the drive motor and transmission mechanism according to the control signal, so as to drive the rotating disk to rotate and move the test acquisition instrument to the test acquisition angle position.

[0029] In at least one embodiment of this application, in step two, the test control and acquisition system includes a full-loop continuous acquisition mode, a custom area acquisition mode, and a fixed-point acquisition mode, depending on the different test delays.

[0030] In at least one embodiment of this application, the pressure loss test, temperature field test, and combustion efficiency test adopt a full-ring continuous acquisition mode.

[0031] In at least one embodiment of this application, the pollutant emission test subject adopts a custom area collection mode.

[0032] In at least one embodiment of this application, the smoke test subject adopts a fixed-point data collection mode.

[0033] In at least one embodiment of this application, in step three, test data from the parameter influence area at the intersection of different schemes are filtered out.

[0034] The invention has at least the following beneficial technical effects:

[0035] This application presents a multi-scheme synchronous combined verification method for annular combustion chamber performance testing. For annular combustion test specimens composed of multiple different design schemes, it achieves simultaneous testing of multiple schemes through improvements and optimizations to the structure of the rotating measuring device, the test control and acquisition system, and data processing. This method can significantly reduce the number of tests, overcoming the shortcomings of existing combustion chamber performance testing methods such as high testing costs and long testing cycles. Furthermore, it can also solve the problem of comparison accuracy caused by differences in simulation conditions in each round of testing during multi-scheme comparative verification. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a test specimen exit rotation measuring device according to one embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a test control and data acquisition system according to one embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the parameter influence area in one embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of this application. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application. The embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0040] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application.

[0041] To achieve simultaneous combined experimental verification, the following technical challenges need to be overcome:

[0042] (1) Independent and synchronous measurement of multiple parameters at the outlet of the high-temperature and high-pressure combustion chamber. Under the high-temperature and high-pressure test environment, it is technically challenging to set up a number of reliable test points on the combustion chamber outlet measuring device that is several times larger than the number of existing test points, and to arrange multiple types of independent test channels (temperature, pressure, gas sampling, gas insulation, cooling channels, etc.) within the limited internal space.

[0043] (2) Accurate angle positioning is a prerequisite for multi-scheme testing; otherwise, the judgment of the test results will be affected by the angle deviation.

[0044] (3) Different test methods with different parameters have different time delays. In order to accurately distinguish the results of each region, the test delay problem needs to be solved.

[0045] (4) Elimination of the influence of the boundary area between schemes on the performance comparison between multiple schemes. The aerodynamic and combustion characteristics of the boundary area between schemes affect each other, and the corresponding data will inevitably interfere with the performance comparison, which needs to be eliminated.

[0046] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1 to 3 This application will be described in further detail.

[0047] This application provides a test method for the performance of an annular combustion chamber that simultaneously verifies multiple schemes, including the following steps:

[0048] Step 1: Construct a test specimen exit rotation measurement device suitable for simultaneous combined verification of n schemes;

[0049] Step 2: Construct a test control and data acquisition system suitable for the simultaneous combined verification of n schemes;

[0050] Step 3: Conduct annular combustion chamber performance tests to simultaneously verify n schemes, obtain test data for different schemes, and realize annular combustion chamber performance analysis.

[0051] This application presents a test method for the performance verification of annular combustors with simultaneous combination of multiple design schemes. This method is applicable to various types of multi-head annular combustors (generally with 15-30 heads) and the simultaneous test verification of two or more design schemes. For ease of explanation and illustration, the technical solution is described using a test method for a 16-head annular combustor with four simultaneous combination design schemes as an example.

[0052] First, in step one, the overall structural layout of the test piece outlet rotating measuring device is basically the same as that of the measuring devices commonly used in the industry. It mainly consists of a rotating pendulum, a multi-segment outer casing, a test channel, and a transmission mechanism. At least n test acquisition instruments are evenly arranged along the circumference of the rotating pendulum. Cooling water channels are provided on the side walls of the rotating pendulum, and a hollow inner cavity is provided axially inside the rotating pendulum. The outer casing is fitted onto the outside of the rotating pendulum, and cooling gas enters the hollow inner cavity through the opening of the outer casing. The test channel includes a temperature measurement channel, a pressure measurement channel, and a gas sampling channel arranged in the hollow inner cavity. A gas heating pipe is provided on the gas sampling channel. The transmission mechanism is connected to the rotating pendulum and is used to drive the rotating pendulum to rotate.

[0053] like Figure 1 As shown, different types of test acquisition instruments are used to collect the exit test parameters of the test piece. In this embodiment, to meet the requirements of simultaneous testing of multiple schemes, the design scheme of the test piece exit rotation measuring device is as follows:

[0054] (1) At least four independent gas sensing elements or gas samplers are evenly arranged around the circumference of the rotating disk to meet the synchronous measurement of the four schemes respectively. Depending on the test density requirements, each gas sensing element or gas sampler generally includes 5 to 7 measuring points. In addition, the water cooling channel inside the side wall of the rotating disk is structurally adapted.

[0055] (2) The rotating disk shaft adopts a large-diameter hollow structure, which includes no less than 28 temperature test channels, pressure test channels, and gas sampling channels, 4 cooling gas channels, cooling water channels, and gas heat tracing pipelines. Due to the increased diameter of the rotating disk shaft, a large-size double-layer front cover plate with water-cooled internal reinforcing ribs is required to prevent structural deformation under high-temperature conditions. In addition, the cooling capacity of the high-pressure cooling gas inside the rotating disk shaft also needs to be further improved to meet the ambient temperature requirements of the test channels. The pressure of the high-pressure cooling gas is generally not less than 2MPa, and the specific pressure needs to be calculated based on the test conditions of the combustion chamber.

[0056] In step two, the test control and acquisition system consists of a data acquisition instrument, a component gas analyzer, an encoder, a PLC control module, a drive motor, a control computer, and a test acquisition computer. The data acquisition instrument collects temperature signals from the temperature measurement channel and pressure signals from the pressure measurement channel, sending them to the test acquisition computer. The component gas analyzer collects gas samples from the gas sampling channel, analyzes the gas composition parameters, and sends them to the test acquisition computer. The test acquisition computer acquires test data from the data acquisition instrument and the component gas analyzer, and simultaneously uses the encoder angle signal to locate the real-time acquisition angle position of the test acquisition instrument and generate a real-time angle signal. The control computer generates control signals based on the real-time angle signal. The PLC control module controls the drive motor and transmission mechanism according to the control signals, driving the rotating disk to rotate, thereby moving the test acquisition instrument to the test acquisition angle position. Specifically, the control computer, through the PLC control module, drive motor, and transmission mechanism, drives the rotating disk to move the gas sensing part / gas sampler to the designated test acquisition angle position (generally, data is collected every 1°~3° at the outlet of each scheme). Meanwhile, the temperature and pressure signals acquired by each test channel in the rotating disk are transmitted to the acquisition computer via the data acquisition instrument, while the gas composition parameters are obtained by sending the gas sample to the corresponding component gas analyzer for analysis and then transmitting the data to the acquisition computer.

[0057] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 As shown, to meet the requirements of simultaneous testing of multiple scenarios, the design scheme of the test control and acquisition system is as follows:

[0058] (1) During the rotation measurement process of the test specimen outlet rotation measuring device, the acquisition computer obtains the encoder angle signal to locate the real-time acquisition angle position of the gas sensing part / gas sampler. In order to prevent deviations in the test area of ​​different schemes and achieve accurate positioning, a positioning error feedback control program is added to the test control and acquisition system. The real-time angle signal is fed back to the control computer and compared with the target angle given by the system. Through the closed-loop feedback mechanism, the positioning error is controlled within ±0.25°.

[0059] (2) In the performance test of the annular combustion chamber, different parameter information needs to be collected for different test subjects. Due to the difference in response time of different test methods, the acquisition time delay of different test parameters varies from milliseconds to tens of seconds. In order to adapt to different test delay differences, in addition to the conventional full-ring continuous acquisition mode, a custom area acquisition mode and a fixed-point acquisition mode are added, and the instant switching between the modes is realized. The pressure loss test collects pressure signals. The response time of commonly used pressure scanning valves is at the millisecond level, and the test delay is negligible; therefore, a continuous full-loop acquisition mode is adopted. The temperature field test and combustion efficiency test collect temperature signals. The response time of commonly used thermocouples is at the millisecond level, and the test delay is negligible; therefore, a continuous full-loop acquisition mode is adopted. The pollutant emission test requires transporting gas samples from various angles in the outlet field to the corresponding component instruments for analysis and data acquisition. The test delay can be tens of seconds or more; therefore, a fixed-area acquisition mode is adopted, and endpoint compensation acquisition is required based on the calculated delay time. The smoke test allows selecting gas samples from a specified location in the outlet field to be transported to the corresponding instruments for analysis and data acquisition. The test delay can be tens of seconds or more; therefore, a fixed-point acquisition mode is adopted.

[0060] The multi-scheme synchronous combination verification annular combustor performance test method of this application, in step three, conducts annular combustor performance tests with n schemes for synchronous combination verification, obtains temperature field, pressure field and gas composition data of different schemes, and realizes annular combustor performance analysis.

[0061] In this embodiment, the sector-shaped region where each scheme is located can accurately and completely reflect the performance of the corresponding design scheme's annular combustion chamber, including temperature field, pressure field, pollutant emissions, ignition and flame propagation. Compared with the existing sector-shaped component simulation combustion chamber performance test method, it can eliminate the influence of the sector-shaped component casing sidewall effect. However, at the boundary between schemes, due to the unavoidable flow and heat exchange between the gases in different regions, the data in the boundary area will still have a certain impact on the judgment of the scheme performance. Therefore, it is necessary to screen out the test data of the parameter-affected area at the boundary between different schemes. On the other hand, because the axial airflow velocity inside the combustion chamber is very high, the affected boundary area is limited.

[0062] Based on simulation evaluation and considering the typical structural inheritance of the sector region from the ring design scheme, the area with one head at the boundary of each scheme is identified as the parameter influence area. Test results from this area need to be filtered out. Figure 3 As shown. During the rotation acquisition test performance parameters, the corresponding angle parameters are collected in real time, which allows for the identification and deletion of data in each boundary area based on the angle information, and only the corresponding data of the remaining head in the middle of each sector is selected for result analysis.

[0063] The multi-scheme simultaneous combination verification annular combustor performance test method of this application significantly reduces the test cycle and test cost compared with traditional test methods. Taking the test method of 16-head annular combustor with 4 scheme combination test pieces as an example, the test cycle and test cost can be reduced by about 75%. In addition, it can avoid the problem of different test simulation conditions in each round of test in the multiple comparison verification method, and improve the accuracy of scheme comparison verification.

[0064] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for simultaneous verification of multiple schemes in annular combustion chamber performance testing, characterized in that, include: Step 1: Construct a test specimen exit rotation measurement device suitable for simultaneous combined verification of n schemes; Step 2: Construct a test control and data acquisition system suitable for the simultaneous combined verification of n schemes; Step 3: Conduct annular combustion chamber performance tests to simultaneously verify n schemes, obtain test data for different schemes, and realize annular combustion chamber performance analysis.

2. The annular combustion chamber performance test method for simultaneous verification of multiple schemes according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step one, the test piece exit rotation measuring device includes: A rotating disk with no less than n test acquisition instruments evenly arranged along the circumference; a cooling water channel is provided on the side wall of the rotating disk; and a hollow inner cavity is provided along the axial direction inside the rotating disk. The outer casing is fitted onto the outside of the rotating disc, and cooling air enters the hollow inner cavity through the opening of the outer casing; The test channel includes a temperature measurement channel, a pressure measurement channel, and a gas sampling channel arranged in the hollow inner cavity. The gas sampling channel is equipped with a gas heat tracing pipeline. The transmission mechanism is connected to the rotating disk and is used to drive the rotating disk to rotate.

3. The annular combustion chamber performance test method for simultaneous verification of multiple schemes according to claim 2, characterized in that, The test acquisition instrument is a gas sensing element or a gas sampler.

4. The annular combustion chamber performance test method for simultaneous verification of multiple schemes according to claim 3, characterized in that, Each testing instrument has 5 to 7 testing points.

5. The annular combustion chamber performance test method for simultaneous verification of multiple schemes according to claim 4, characterized in that, Step two involves testing the control and data acquisition system, including: The data acquisition unit is used to acquire temperature signals from the temperature measurement channel and pressure signals from the pressure measurement channel, and send them to the test acquisition computer. The component gas analyzer is used to collect gas samples from the gas sampling channel, analyze the gas composition parameters, and send them to the test acquisition computer. The test acquisition computer is used to acquire test data from the data acquisition instrument and the component gas analyzer. It is also used to locate the real-time acquisition angle position of the test acquisition instrument by acquiring the encoder angle signal and generate a real-time angle signal. A control computer is used to generate control signals based on real-time angle signals. The PLC control module is used to control the drive motor and transmission mechanism according to the control signal, so as to drive the rotating disk to rotate and move the test acquisition instrument to the test acquisition angle position.

6. The annular combustion chamber performance test method for simultaneous verification of multiple schemes according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step two, depending on the different test delays, the test control and acquisition system includes full-loop continuous acquisition mode, custom area acquisition mode, and fixed-point acquisition mode.

7. The annular combustion chamber performance test method for simultaneous verification of multiple schemes according to claim 6, characterized in that, The pressure loss test, temperature field test, and combustion efficiency test adopt a continuous full-ring data acquisition mode.

8. The annular combustion chamber performance test method for simultaneous verification of multiple schemes according to claim 7, characterized in that, The pollutant emission test subject adopts a custom area data collection mode.

9. The annular combustion chamber performance test method for simultaneous verification of multiple schemes according to claim 8, characterized in that, The smoke test adopts a fixed-point data collection mode.

10. The annular combustion chamber performance test method for simultaneous verification of multiple schemes according to claim 9, characterized in that, In step three, test data from the parameter-affected areas at the boundaries of different schemes are filtered out.

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