Energy storage device and power supply system

Abstract

The invention discloses an energy storage device and a power supply system, the energy storage device comprises a battery pack, a plurality of distance pieces and a guide piece with a guide channel, the battery pack comprises a plurality of single batteries arranged side by side in the Y-axis direction, and each single battery is provided with a first pressure relief mechanism; a spacer is clamped between the adjacent single batteries; the guide piece comprises a main body part arranged on one side of the battery pack, the main body part is provided with at least part of a guide channel, the main body part covers the first pressure relief mechanism of each single battery, a first conduction structure is arranged on one side, facing the battery pack, of the main body part, and the first conduction structure is configured to allow emissions discharged by each first pressure relief mechanism to enter the guide channel; wherein the main body part is connected with at least one spacer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of energy storage technology, and more specifically, to an energy storage device and a power supply system. Background Technology

[0002] In existing technologies, multiple individual cells are typically arranged in an array. Over time, the gas generated inside each cell cannot escape in time and gradually accumulates inside the battery casing, causing significant bulging and deformation in the thickness direction (i.e., the large surface area). When the battery bulges, adjacent cells press against each other, obstructing the gaps for heat dissipation and buffering. This blockage of heat dissipation channels prevents the heat generated during operation from dissipating quickly, easily leading to localized overheating, performance degradation, and even thermal runaway. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides an energy storage device and a power supply system to solve the technical problem in the related art where adjacent batteries squeeze and occupy heat dissipation channels due to battery swelling.

[0004] The energy storage device according to the embodiments of this application includes: A battery pack, comprising a plurality of individual cells arranged side by side along the Y-axis, each of the individual cells being provided with a first pressure relief mechanism; Multiple spacers are provided, with the spacers sandwiched between adjacent individual cells; A guide member having a guide channel, the guide member including a main body portion disposed on one side of the battery pack, the main body portion having at least a portion of the guide channel, the main body portion covering the first pressure relief mechanism of each of the individual cells, and the main body portion having a first conductive structure on the side facing the battery pack, the first conductive structure being configured to allow emissions from the battery pack to enter the guide channel; wherein, the main body portion is connected to at least one of the spacers.

[0005] According to some embodiments of this application, the plurality of spacers include at least one first spacer, at least one second spacer and at least one third spacer, wherein the first spacer is connected to the main body portion.

[0006] According to some embodiments of this application, the spacer connected to the main body is a first spacer. The first spacer includes a body and a connecting portion. The body is sandwiched between adjacent individual cells. The connecting portion is connected to one end of the body near the main body and extends out of the surface of the individual cell facing the main body.

[0007] According to some embodiments of this application, in the Y-axis direction, the size of the connecting portion is larger than the size of the main body portion.

[0008] According to some embodiments of this application, the connecting portion includes a substrate and hooks. The substrate is connected to the main body portion. The hooks are respectively provided at both ends of the substrate along the width direction of the battery pack. The hooks at both ends of the substrate are respectively located on both sides of the main body portion along the width direction of the battery pack to engage the main body portion.

[0009] According to some embodiments of this application, the two ends of the substrate are provided with a retaining wall on the opposite side of the hooks, and the retaining wall is connected between the hooks and the body.

[0010] According to some embodiments of this application, the connecting portion is connected to the main body portion by fasteners.

[0011] According to some embodiments of this application, the connecting portion has a first end close to the body portion and a second end away from the body portion in the height direction of the battery pack, the first end being connected to the body portion and the second end abutting against the main body portion; in the Y-axis direction, the size of the first end is less than or equal to the size of the second end.

[0012] According to some embodiments of this application, the main body portion is provided with a groove for avoiding the connecting portion.

[0013] According to some embodiments of this application, the battery pack is provided with end plates at both ends along the Y-axis direction, and the main body is fixedly connected to the end plates.

[0014] According to some embodiments of this application, one end of the guide member along the Y-axis is provided with a second conductive structure, the second conductive structure being configured to allow the discharge material in the guide channel to flow out of the guide channel.

[0015] According to some embodiments of this application, the second conductive structure includes a second through hole disposed in the guide member, the second through hole communicating with the guide channel; or... The second conduction structure includes a second pressure relief mechanism connected to the guide member and configured to release the discharge in the guide channel when the pressure in the guide channel is greater than or equal to a threshold.

[0016] According to some embodiments of this application, the first conductive structure includes a plurality of first through holes, which are disposed on the main body at positions corresponding to each of the first pressure relief mechanisms in a first direction, and each of the first through holes is connected to the guide channel, wherein the first direction is the height direction or the width direction of the battery pack.

[0017] According to some embodiments of this application, the first conductive structure further includes a vulnerable layer and a plurality of heat-resistant sheets. The vulnerable layer is disposed between the main body and the battery pack. The vulnerable layer covers the first pressure relief mechanism of each of the individual cells. The vulnerable layer is connected to the heat-resistant sheets at positions corresponding to the plurality of first pressure relief mechanisms in the first direction on one side surface facing away from the battery pack. The plurality of heat-resistant sheets cover the plurality of first through holes.

[0018] According to some embodiments of this application, the first conductive structure further includes a heat-resistant layer disposed between the main body and the battery pack, the heat-resistant layer covering each of the first pressure relief mechanisms, and the heat-resistant layer having a weak portion at the position corresponding to each of the first pressure relief mechanisms.

[0019] The power supply system of this application embodiment includes electrical equipment and the energy storage device described in any of the above claims, wherein the energy storage device supplies power to the electrical equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application. It is obvious that the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of this disclosure, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any inventive effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an energy storage system.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of a battery module according to an embodiment of this application.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a single battery cell according to an embodiment of this application.

[0024] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of its breakdown.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a perspective view of a guide component according to an embodiment of this application.

[0026] Figure 6 It is along Figure 2 A cross-sectional view with section AA in the middle, where the arrows indicate the direction of emission flow.

[0027] Figure 7 This is an exploded view of the guide and battery pack according to an embodiment of this application.

[0028] Figure 8This is a perspective view of the first spacer according to the first embodiment of this application.

[0029] Figure 9 yes Figure 8 A magnified view of the area at X3.

[0030] Figure 10 This is a perspective view of the first spacer in the second embodiment of this application.

[0031] Figure 11 yes Figure 10 A magnified view of the area at X4 in the middle.

[0032] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the first spacer and the main body of the guide member connected according to the second embodiment of this application.

[0033] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the second pressure relief mechanism and the extension of the guide component.

[0034] Figure 14 yes Figure 2 A magnified view of the area at X2 in the middle.

[0035] Figure 15 This is a side view of the assembled vulnerable layer and heat-resistant sheet according to an embodiment of this application.

[0036] Figure 16 yes Figure 15 Top view.

[0037] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the heat-resistant layer in an embodiment of this application.

[0038] Figure 18 This is an exploded view of an energy storage device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0039] Figure 19 This is an exploded view of a single battery module according to an embodiment of this application.

[0040] Figure 20 yes Figure 18 Exploded view of the middle side plate, cold plate and end plate.

[0041] Figure 21 This is a perspective view of a side panel according to an embodiment of this application.

[0042] Figure 22 This is a partial schematic diagram of the assembled reinforcement, side plates, end plates, and cold plates.

[0043] Figure 23 This is an exploded view of the reinforcing components, side plates, end plates, and cold plates.

[0044] Figure 24 yes Figure 20A magnified view of the area at point X1.

[0045] Figure 25 This is a schematic diagram of a power supply system.

[0046] The reference numerals in the attached figures are explained as follows: 100. Battery cell; 100a. Battery module; 110. Battery pack; 111. Single cell; 111a. Housing; 1111. First pressure relief mechanism; 1112. Terminal post; 1113. Terminal post row; 1114. Housing; 1115. End cap; 120. End plate; 121. Second flange; 122. Frame; 123. Horizontal rib; 124. Vertical rib; 130. Receiving cavity; 140. Cold plate; 141. Third flange; 142. Positioning protrusion 150. Reinforcing member; 151. Slider; 160. Guide member; 160a. Guide channel; 161. Main body; 1611. First through hole; 1612. Pressing edge; 162. Extension; 1621. Second through hole; 163. Second pressure relief mechanism; 164. Groove; 170. Sampling assembly; 180. First conductive structure; 181. Vulnerable layer; 182. Heat-resistant sheet; 183. Heat-resistant layer; 1831. Weak part; 190. Second conductive structure; 200, Side plate; 210, First flange; 220, Positioning groove; 230, Reinforcing rib; 240, Weight reduction hole; 250, Bending part; 251, Arc structure; 600, Spacer; 601, First spacer; 602, Second spacer; 603, Third spacer; 610, Body; 620, Connecting part; 621, Base plate; 622, Hook; 623, Barrier; 624, First end; 625, Second end; T1, first fastener; T2, second fastener; T3, third fastener; T4, fourth fastener; T5, fifth fastener. Detailed Implementation

[0047] Exemplary embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, these exemplary embodiments can be implemented in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, they are provided so that this application will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of the exemplary embodiments to those skilled in the art. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar structures, and therefore their detailed description will be omitted.

[0048] It is understood that the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the embodiments of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the steps or units listed, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or components inherent to these processes, methods, products, or devices.

[0049] For ease of explanation, the terms "X-axis direction," "Y-axis direction," and "Z-axis direction" are used in the specific embodiments of this application. These terms simply refer to a feature having one of these directions being perpendicular to a feature having another direction; they do not require implementation according to the "X-axis direction," "Y-axis direction," and "Z-axis direction" described in the embodiments. In the embodiments, the X-axis direction, Y-axis direction, and Z-axis direction are mutually perpendicular.

[0050] Unless otherwise specified, in the claims and description, the terms “top,” “bottom,” “inner,” “outer,” “upper,” “lower,” “front,” “rear,” “left,” “right,” etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation and positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the purpose of simplifying the description, and do not imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.

[0051] Because the energy we need is highly time- and space-dependent, in order to utilize energy rationally and improve energy efficiency, it is necessary to store one form of energy in the same way or by converting it into another, and then release it in a specific energy form based on future application needs. Currently, the main way to generate green electricity is to develop green energy sources such as photovoltaics and wind power to replace fossil fuels.

[0052] Currently, the generation of green electricity generally relies on solar, wind, and hydropower. However, wind and solar power are generally characterized by strong intermittency and large fluctuations, which can cause grid instability, insufficient power during peak demand periods, and excessive power during off-peak periods. Unstable voltage can also damage the power grid. Therefore, insufficient electricity demand or insufficient grid capacity may lead to the problem of "wind and solar curtailment." Solving these problems requires energy storage. This involves converting electrical energy into other forms of energy through physical or chemical means and storing it. When needed, this energy can be converted back into electrical energy and released. Simply put, energy storage is like a large "power bank," storing electrical energy when solar and wind power are abundant and releasing the stored electricity when needed.

[0053] Taking electrochemical energy storage as an example, this solution provides an energy storage device for use in energy storage systems. The energy storage device is equipped with a set of chemical batteries, which mainly use the chemical elements in the batteries as energy storage media. The charging and discharging process is accompanied by the chemical reaction or change of the energy storage media. Simply put, the electrical energy generated by wind and solar energy is stored in the chemical batteries. When the use of external electrical energy reaches its peak, the stored electricity is released for use, or transferred to places with a shortage of electricity for use.

[0054] Current energy storage applications are quite widespread, including generation-side energy storage, grid-side energy storage, and consumption-side energy storage. The corresponding types of energy storage devices include: (1) Large-scale energy storage power stations applied to wind power and photovoltaic power stations can help renewable energy power generation meet grid connection requirements and improve the utilization rate of renewable energy. As a high-quality active / reactive power regulation power source on the power supply side, energy storage power stations can achieve load matching of power in time and space, enhance the absorption capacity of renewable energy, reduce instantaneous power changes, reduce the impact on the power grid, improve the absorption of new energy power generation, and are of great significance in power grid system backup, alleviating peak load power supply pressure and peak regulation and frequency regulation. (2) Energy storage containers applied on the grid side mainly function as peak shaving, frequency regulation and relief of grid congestion. In terms of peak shaving, they can realize peak shaving and valley filling of electricity load, that is, charging the energy storage battery when the electricity load is low and releasing the stored electricity during the peak electricity load period, thereby achieving a balance between power production and consumption. (3) Small energy storage cabinets applied to the electricity consumption side mainly function as self-consumption of electricity, peak-valley price arbitrage, capacity cost management, and improvement of power supply reliability. Depending on the application scenario, electricity consumption side energy storage can be divided into industrial and commercial energy storage cabinets, household energy storage devices, energy storage charging piles, etc., which are generally used in conjunction with distributed photovoltaics. Industrial and commercial users can use energy storage for peak-valley price arbitrage and capacity cost management. In the electricity market implementing peak-valley pricing, by charging the energy storage system when the electricity price is low and discharging the energy storage system when the electricity price is high, peak-valley price arbitrage can be achieved, reducing electricity costs. In addition, industrial enterprises subject to two-part tariffs can use energy storage systems to store energy during off-peak hours and discharge during peak loads, thereby reducing peak power and the maximum demand declared, achieving the goal of reducing capacity costs. Household photovoltaics with energy storage can improve the level of self-consumption of electricity. Due to high electricity prices and poor power supply stability, the demand for household photovoltaic installations is driven. Given that photovoltaic power generation occurs during the day, while user load is generally higher at night, configuring energy storage can better utilize photovoltaic power, improve self-consumption levels, and reduce electricity costs. Furthermore, energy storage is needed in areas such as communication base stations and data centers for backup power.

[0055] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage system according to an embodiment of this application, and Figure 1 Taking the shared energy storage scenario on the power generation / distribution side as an example, the energy storage device in this application is not limited to the power generation / distribution side energy storage scenario.

[0056] This application provides an energy storage system, comprising: a high-voltage cable 2, a first power conversion device 3, a second power conversion device 4, and the energy storage device 1 provided in this application. In some embodiments of the power generation scenario, the second power conversion device 4 can be a wind power conversion device. Since the electricity generated by wind power conversion is volatile, random, and intermittent, the unstable electricity output by the wind power conversion device can be stored in the energy storage device 1 through grid connection. The energy storage device 1 is connected to the high-voltage cable 2 and outputs smooth electricity to the power consumption side of the distribution network, realizing peak shaving and frequency regulation, and ensuring stable grid operation; or, the wind power conversion device is always connected to the high-voltage cable 2. High-voltage cable 2 connects the wind power conversion device to the power distribution network under normal power generation conditions. When the current power load is low and the wind power conversion device generates excess power, the excess power is first stored in energy storage device 1 to reduce wind and solar curtailment and improve the absorption of new energy power generation. When the power load is high, the power grid issues an instruction to transmit the power stored in energy storage device 1 in conjunction with high-voltage cable 2 in grid-connected mode to the power consumption side. This provides the power grid with various services such as peak shaving, frequency regulation, and backup, giving full play to the peak shaving function of the power grid, promoting peak shaving and valley filling, and alleviating the power supply pressure on the power grid.

[0057] In some embodiments on the distribution network side, the first power conversion device 3 can be a photovoltaic power conversion device. The energy storage device 1 is connected to the high-voltage cable 2 and installed downstream of the high-voltage cable 2 between the user load and the high-voltage cable 2. The power output of the photovoltaic power conversion device is stored in the energy storage device 1, which can respond in time to act as a backup power source when the power grid / distribution network fails. Alternatively, it can provide power supply support to alleviate line blockage when the high-voltage cable 2 transmission line is blocked, and to delay the economic pressure caused by the expansion of the power grid / distribution capacity when the power grid is planned to be expanded.

[0058] Optionally, the first power conversion device 3 may include, but is not limited to, a wind power conversion device, and the second power conversion device 4 may include, but is not limited to, a photovoltaic power conversion device. The first power conversion device 3 and the second power conversion device 4 can convert at least one of solar energy, light energy, wind energy, thermal energy, tidal energy, biomass energy and mechanical energy into electrical energy.

[0059] Optionally, the energy storage device 1 may include, but is not limited to, energy storage applications such as energy storage power stations, hydropower / thermal / wind power generation systems, solar power generation systems, mobile power systems, smart home systems, or temporary power supply systems, and may also be applied in multiple fields such as data centers, military equipment, aerospace, charging piles, and electric vehicles.

[0060] Optionally, the energy storage device 1 may include, but is not limited to, a single battery cell, or a battery module, battery pack, battery cluster, power bank, energy storage cabinet / container, or other battery integrated system composed of single batteries. The actual application form of the energy storage device 1 provided in this application embodiment may be, but is not limited to, the listed products, and may also be other application forms. This application embodiment does not strictly limit the application form of the energy storage device 1. This application embodiment only uses a multi-cell battery as an example for illustration.

[0061] Optionally, when the energy storage device 1 is a single battery, the energy storage device 1 can be, but is not limited to, at least one of cylindrical batteries, square batteries, prismatic batteries or batteries of other shapes.

[0062] like Figure 2 As shown, the energy storage device in this embodiment includes a battery module 100a, which includes a battery pack 110. The battery pack 110 includes multiple individual cells 111 arranged side by side along the Y-axis. The multiple individual cells 111 can be connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed configuration. A mixed configuration means that some of the multiple individual cells 111 are connected in series and others in parallel.

[0063] Specifically, the single-cell battery 111 can be a rechargeable battery, which refers to a battery cell that can be recharged after discharge to activate the active materials and continue to be used. The battery cell can be a lithium-ion battery, sodium-ion battery, sodium-lithium-ion battery, lithium metal battery, sodium metal battery, lithium-sulfur battery, magnesium-ion battery, nickel-metal hydride battery, nickel-cadmium battery, lead-acid battery, etc., and this application does not specifically limit it.

[0064] Optionally, the X-axis direction is the width direction of the battery module 100a, the Y-axis direction is the length direction of the battery module 100a, and the Z-axis direction is the height direction of the battery module 100a.

[0065] like Figure 3 As shown, the single cell 111 includes a housing 111a, the housing 111a includes a shell 1114 and an end cap 1115. The shell 1114 has an opening, and the end cap 1115 is connected to the shell 1114 and closes the opening of the shell 1114 to isolate the internal environment of the single cell 111 from the external environment.

[0066] The housing 1114 is an assembly used to fit with the end cap 1115 to form a cavity for the single cell 111. The cavity formed after the housing 1114 and the end cap 1115 are connected can be used to accommodate electrode assemblies, electrolyte, and other components.

[0067] The housing 1114 can have various shapes and sizes. The shape of the housing 1114 can be determined according to the shape and size of the electrode assembly. In addition, the material of the housing 1114 can be selected from various materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc.

[0068] End cap 1115 refers to a component that covers the opening of housing 1114 to isolate the cavity of single cell 111 from the external environment. End cap 1115 may be provided with terminal post 1112, which is used to electrically connect with electrode assembly for outputting or inputting electrical energy of single cell 111.

[0069] In one embodiment, the end cap 1115 is provided with two terminals 1112, one of which is a positive terminal and the other is a negative terminal.

[0070] The electrode assembly is the component in the single cell 111 where electrochemical reactions occur. The electrode assembly is mainly formed by winding or stacking positive and negative electrode sheets, and typically a separator is provided between the positive and negative electrode sheets to prevent internal short circuits. The portions of the positive and negative electrode sheets containing active material constitute the electrode body of the electrode assembly, while the portions without active material each constitute a tab. The positive and negative tabs can be located together at one end of the electrode body or separately at both ends. During the charging and discharging process of the single cell 111, the positive and negative active materials react with the electrolyte, and the tabs connect to the terminals 1112 to form a current loop.

[0071] In one embodiment, the outer casing 111a is provided with a first pressure relief mechanism 1111, which is used to release the internal pressure of the single cell 111.

[0072] In one specific embodiment, the first pressure relief mechanism 1111 is disposed on the end cap 1115, and the first pressure relief mechanism 1111 is located between the two pole posts 1112.

[0073] As an example, the internal pressure or temperature of a single cell 111 is actuated to release the internal pressure or temperature when it reaches a predetermined threshold. When the internal pressure or temperature of the single cell 111 reaches the predetermined threshold, the first pressure relief mechanism 1111 is activated or a weak structure provided in the first pressure relief mechanism 1111 is destroyed, thereby forming an opening or channel for the release of internal pressure or temperature. The threshold design varies depending on design requirements. The threshold may depend on the materials of one or more of the positive electrode, negative electrode, electrolyte, and separator in the single cell 111.

[0074] As an example, the first pressure relief mechanism 1111 can be integrally formed with the housing 111a. For example, grooves are made on the housing 111a to form a weak structure, which serves as the first pressure relief mechanism 1111.

[0075] As a modified embodiment, the first pressure relief mechanism 1111 can also be separately disposed from and connected to the outer casing 111a. For example, the first pressure relief mechanism 1111 can be welded to the outer casing 111a or connected through other components. For example, the first pressure relief mechanism 1111 can be provided with grooves to form a weak structure.

[0076] As an example, the first pressure relief mechanism 1111 can take the form of an explosion-proof valve, a balancing valve, a gas valve, a pressure relief valve, or a safety valve.

[0077] The term "actuation" as used in this application refers to the first pressure relief mechanism 1111 being activated or reaching a certain state, thereby releasing the internal pressure and temperature of the individual battery cell 111. The actions of the first pressure relief mechanism 1111 may include, but are not limited to: movement of components within the first pressure relief mechanism 1111 to form a venting channel, rupture, breakage, tearing, or opening of at least a portion of the first pressure relief mechanism 1111, etc. When the first pressure relief mechanism 1111 is activated, the high-temperature, high-pressure substances inside the individual battery cell 111 are discharged outwards from the activated portion as waste. This method allows for pressure and temperature relief of the individual battery cell 111 under controllable pressure or temperature, thereby preventing more serious accidents.

[0078] The emissions from the single cell 111 mentioned in this application include, but are not limited to: electrolyte, dissolved or split positive and negative electrode plates, fragments of the separator, high-temperature and high-pressure gases generated by the reaction, flames, etc.

[0079] like Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the battery module 100a of this application embodiment also includes a guide member 160 having a guide channel 160a. The guide member 160 includes a main body portion 161 disposed on one side of the battery pack 110. The main body portion 161 has at least a portion of the guide channel 160a. The main body portion 161 covers the first pressure relief mechanism 1111 of each individual battery cell 111. The side of the main body portion 161 facing the battery pack 110 is provided with a first conductive structure 180. The first conductive structure 180 is configured to allow the emissions released by the battery pack 110 to enter the guide channel 160a.

[0080] When the single cell 111 is in a state of thermal runaway, the first pressure relief mechanism 1111 of the single cell 111 is activated, and the emissions inside the single cell 111 are ejected through the first pressure relief mechanism 1111 and enter the guide channel 160a of the guide member 160 after passing through the first conduction structure 180.

[0081] The battery module 100a of this application embodiment has a guide member 160 with a guide channel 160a on one side of the battery pack 110, and a first conductive structure 180 on the side of the guide member 160 facing the battery pack 110. The first conductive structure 180 allows the emissions released by each first pressure relief mechanism 1111 to enter the guide channel 160a. In the event of thermal runaway of a single battery cell 111, the emissions generated by the single battery cell 111 can enter the guide channel 160a through the first conductive structure 180 after being ejected by the first pressure relief mechanism 1111. The emissions will not spread to the area where other adjacent single batteries cell 111 are located, thus avoiding contamination of other single batteries cell 111 by the emissions ejected by the single battery cell 111 that has experienced thermal runaway, and effectively reducing the risk of thermal propagation.

[0082] like Figure 7 As shown, the battery module 100a of this application embodiment also includes a plurality of spacers 600, with spacers 600 sandwiched between adjacent individual cells 111; the main body 161 is connected to at least one spacer 600.

[0083] In this embodiment, by sandwiching spacers 600 between adjacent individual cells 111, when an individual cell 111 swells, direct compression between two adjacent individual cells 111 can be prevented, thereby avoiding excessive local temperature and preventing deformation or even cracking of the battery casing due to excessive compression. Furthermore, at least one of the spacers 600 is not only sandwiched between adjacent individual cells 111, but also connected to the main body 161 of the guide member 160. This prevents the guide member 160 from being lifted open due to excessive impact force from the emissions ejected during thermal runaway of the individual cells 111. The connection between the spacer 600 and the main body 161 also serves to fix the guide member 160.

[0084] In one embodiment, the plurality of spacers 600 includes at least one first spacer 601, at least one second spacer 602 and at least one third spacer 603. The first spacer 601 is connected to the main body 161 of the guide 160. The first spacer 601 is made of insulating material, the second spacer 602 is made of heat-insulating material, and the third spacer 603 is made of cushioning material.

[0085] In this embodiment, the second spacer 602 is made of heat-insulating material, and the third spacer 603 is made of cushioning material, enabling these spacers to serve both heat insulation and to provide expansion gaps for the individual battery cells 111. When the individual battery cells 111 bulge, the second spacer 602 prevents two adjacent individual battery cells 111 from directly squeezing each other, thereby avoiding localized overheating. In addition, the third spacer 603 can undergo elastic deformation when the individual battery cells 111 bulge, converting the rigid compressive force of the battery into elastic force, preventing the battery casing from deforming or even cracking due to excessive compression. Furthermore, the first spacer 601 is made of insulating material, ensuring electrical insulation between the individual battery cells 111 and the guide member 160.

[0086] Optionally, the second spacer 602 may be made of ceramic fiber composite material with a thermal conductivity ≤0.15W / (m²). K) can effectively block the heat conduction path between adjacent single cells 111.

[0087] Optionally, the third spacer 603 can be made of foam. Foam has excellent compression resilience and can well adapt to the volume changes of the single cell 111 during charge and discharge cycles.

[0088] like Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the first spacer 601 includes a body portion 610 and a connecting portion 620. The body portion 610 is sandwiched between adjacent individual cells 111, and the connecting portion 620 is connected to one end of the body portion 610 near the main body portion 161, and the connecting portion 620 extends out of the side surface of the individual cell 111 facing the main body portion 161.

[0089] In this embodiment, since the connecting part 620 extends from the side surface of the single cell 111 facing the main body 161, the connecting part 620 does not occupy the space between adjacent single cells 111. Thus, the volume of the connecting part 620 can be designed to be larger to improve the connection strength between the connecting part 620 and the main body 161, without affecting the gap between adjacent single cells 111.

[0090] In one embodiment, the size of the connecting portion 620 is larger than the size of the main body portion 610 in the Y-axis direction. By designing the size of the connecting portion 620 to be larger, the contact area between the connecting portion 620 and the main body portion 161 can be increased, thereby increasing the connection strength between the connecting portion 620 and the main body portion 161, so that the main body portion 161 can withstand the impact force of the exhaust material ejected by the first pressure relief mechanism 1111.

[0091] like Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the connecting part 620 includes a substrate 621 and a hook 622. The substrate 621 is connected to the main body part 610. The substrate 621 has hooks 622 at both ends along the width direction (X-axis direction) of the battery pack 110. The hooks 622 at both ends of the substrate 621 are located on both sides of the main body part 161 along the width direction (X-axis direction) of the battery pack 110, so as to engage the main body part 161.

[0092] In this embodiment, the main body 161 and the first spacer 601 are connected by a snap-fit ​​method, which makes disassembly and assembly more convenient and improves the disassembly and assembly efficiency of the guide 160.

[0093] like Figure 9 As shown, the base plate 621 has a retaining wall 623 on the opposite side of the hooks 622 at both ends along the X-axis direction. The retaining wall 623 connects the hooks 622 and the body part 610.

[0094] In this embodiment, the retaining wall 623 improves the structural strength of the hook 622, enabling the hook 622 to withstand greater impact without detaching.

[0095] In one embodiment, the substrate 621 and the hook 622 have the same dimensions in the Y-axis direction and are greater than the thickness of the body portion 610.

[0096] In this embodiment, the dimensions of the hook 622 and the substrate 621 are designed to be as large as possible, so that when the hook 622 clamps the main body 161 of the guide member 160, the contact area between the hook 622 and the main body 161 is larger, and the clamping force of the hook 622 is greater, thus ensuring the firmness of the connection between the first spacer 601 and the guide member 160.

[0097] Of course, in other embodiments, the substrate 621 and the hook 622 may have the same dimensions in the Y-axis direction.

[0098] It should be noted that the first spacer 601 and the main body 161 are not limited to being snapped together. For example, in another embodiment, the first spacer 601 and the main body 161 can also be connected by fasteners.

[0099] For example, such as Figure 10 and Figure 11As shown, the main body 610 has a plurality of connecting portions 620 near the main body 161. The plurality of connecting portions 620 are arranged at intervals along the X-axis direction, and each connecting portion 620 is fixedly connected to the main body 161 by fasteners. The connecting portion 620 has a first end 624 near the main body 610 and a second end 625 away from the main body 610 in the height direction (Z-axis direction) of the battery pack 110. The first end 624 is connected to the main body 610, and the second end 625 abuts against the main body 161. In the Y-axis direction, the size of the first end 624 is less than or equal to the size of the second end 625.

[0100] In this embodiment, when the size of the first end 624 is smaller than the size of the second end 625, the connecting part 620 has a structure with one end larger and the other end smaller in the Z-axis direction. Connecting the smaller first end 624 to the main body 610 can prevent the connecting part 620 from occupying too much space between adjacent single cells 111. Connecting the larger second end 625 to the main body 161 can increase the contact area between the connecting part 620 and the main body 161 and improve the connection strength.

[0101] Optionally, both the connecting part 620 and the main body 161 are provided with connecting holes, and fasteners are passed through the connecting holes of the connecting part 620 and the connecting holes of the main body 161 to fix the connecting part 620 and the main body 161 together.

[0102] The fasteners can be screws, rivets, etc., and this application does not limit them.

[0103] like Figure 12 As shown, the main body 161 is provided with a groove 164 for avoiding the connecting part 620.

[0104] In this embodiment, when connecting the guide 160 and the first spacer 601, the connecting part 620 will not interfere with the main body 161, so that the main body 161 can be in close contact with the top surface of the battery pack 110.

[0105] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in one embodiment, the guide member 160 has a second conductive structure 190 at one end along the Y-axis direction. The second conductive structure 190 is configured to allow the discharge material in the guide channel 160a to flow out of the guide channel 160a. The guide channel 160a is configured to guide the discharge material released by each of the first pressure relief mechanisms 1111 to the second conductive structure 190.

[0106] In this embodiment, the emissions emitted by each individual battery cell 111 under thermal runaway conditions can be guided to the second conductive structure 190 by the guide channel 160a. Therefore, the emissions can be uniformly collected and centrally treated at the second conductive structure 190, effectively avoiding pollution caused by the disorderly diffusion of emissions.

[0107] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in one embodiment, the second conductive structure 190 includes a second through hole 1621 provided on the guide member 160, and the second through hole 1621 communicates with the guide channel 160a.

[0108] In this embodiment, by providing a second through hole 1621 at one end of the guide member 160, the emissions released by each of the first pressure relief mechanisms 1111 can be collected at the second through hole 1621, thereby preventing the emissions from being directly released into the air and polluting the environment.

[0109] It should be noted that the emissions discharged through the second through-hole 1621 can be discharged into the collection channel of the prefabricated container, and the emissions can be discharged in a directional manner through the collection channel.

[0110] This application does not impose any particular limitation on the shape of the second through hole 1621. Optionally, the shape of the second through hole 1621 can be rectangular, circular, elliptical, triangular, etc.

[0111] The second conductive structure 190 is not limited to the second through hole 1621, such as Figure 13 As shown, in another embodiment, the second conduction structure 190 includes a second pressure relief mechanism 163 connected to the guide member 160. The second pressure relief mechanism 163 is configured to be actuated to release the discharge in the guide channel 160a when the internal pressure or temperature of the guide channel 160a reaches a threshold.

[0112] In this embodiment, the second pressure relief mechanism 163 is activated only when the battery module 100a experiences thermal runaway, thereby releasing the emissions in the guide channel 160a. It is not activated when the battery module 100a does not experience thermal runaway, thus preventing external debris from entering the guide channel 160a through the second pressure relief mechanism 163 and causing blockage.

[0113] It should be noted that the second pressure relief mechanism 163 is used to release the internal pressure in the guide channel 160a.

[0114] As an example, when the internal pressure or temperature of the guide channel 160a reaches a predetermined threshold, it is actuated to release the internal pressure or temperature of the guide channel 160a. When the internal pressure or temperature of the guide channel 160a reaches the predetermined threshold, the second pressure relief mechanism 163 performs an action or a weak structure provided in the second pressure relief mechanism 163 is destroyed, thereby forming an opening or channel for releasing internal pressure or temperature.

[0115] As an example, the second pressure relief mechanism 163 can be integrally formed with the guide member 160, for example, by making grooves on the guide member 160 to form a weak structure, which serves as the second pressure relief mechanism 163.

[0116] As a modified embodiment, the second pressure relief mechanism 163 can also be separately disposed from and connected to the guide member 160. For example, the second pressure relief mechanism 163 can be welded to the guide member 160 or connected through other components. For example, the second pressure relief mechanism 163 can be provided with grooves to form a weak structure.

[0117] As an example, the second pressure relief mechanism 163 may take the form of an explosion-proof valve, a balancing valve, a gas valve, a pressure relief valve, or a safety valve.

[0118] The term "actuation" as used in this application refers to the second pressure relief mechanism 163 being activated or undergoing a certain state, thereby releasing the internal pressure and temperature of the guide channel 160a. The actions of the second pressure relief mechanism 163 may include, but are not limited to: movement of components within the second pressure relief mechanism 163 to form a venting channel; rupture, breakage, tearing, or opening of at least a portion of the second pressure relief mechanism 163, etc. When the second pressure relief mechanism 163 is actuated, the discharge material inside the guide channel 160a is discharged outwards from the actuated portion.

[0119] like Figure 4 As shown, the battery module 100a also includes a cold plate 140, which is located on one side of the battery pack 110 and is used to cool down each individual cell 111 of the battery pack 110.

[0120] In an exemplary embodiment, the guide 160 and the cold plate 140 are located on both sides of the battery pack 110 along the Z-axis direction.

[0121] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 14 As shown, the guide 160 also includes an extension 162 formed by bending one end of the main body 161 in the Y-axis direction. The main body 161 has a partial guide channel 160a, the extension 162 has a partial guide channel 160a, and the second guide structure 190 is provided in the extension 162.

[0122] In this embodiment, the main body 161 is bent at one end in the Y-axis direction to form an extension 162, so that the extension 162 can be bent in multiple directions. For example, after bending, the extension 162 extends in the Z-axis direction. In this way, without increasing the volume of the battery module 100a too much, the size of the extension 162 can be designed to be larger. When the second conductive structure 190 is provided in the extension 162, the size of the second conductive structure 190 can also be designed to be larger. The larger size of the second conductive structure 190 is conducive to the timely discharge of emissions and avoids blockage of the guide channel 160a.

[0123] In one embodiment, the extension 162 extends from the main body 161 along a first direction, and the extension 162 overlaps with the orthographic projection of the battery pack 110 on the first projection plane; wherein, the first projection plane is perpendicular to the Y-axis direction, and the first direction is the height direction or width direction of the battery pack 110, that is, the first direction is the Z-axis direction or the X-axis direction.

[0124] In this embodiment, the extension 162 is located on one side of the battery pack 110 along the Y-axis direction. That is, the extension 162 only occupies the space in the Y-axis direction of the battery module 100a, and does not occupy the space in the Z-axis direction of the battery module 100a. With this design, although the guide 160 is added to the battery module 100a, the overall shape of the battery module 100a still maintains a regular cuboid shape, which is convenient for subsequent grouping of the battery module 100a or assembling into battery clusters. Because the battery module 100a is a regular cuboid shape, the integration is higher after grouping or forming battery clusters, which is beneficial to improving energy density.

[0125] It should be noted that when the first pressure relief mechanism 1111 is provided on one side of the single cell 111 along the Z-axis direction, the main body 161 is provided on one side of the battery pack 110 along the Z-axis direction, and the extension 162 extends from the main body 161 along the Z-axis direction; when the first pressure relief mechanism 1111 is provided on one side of the single cell 111 along the X-axis direction, the main body 161 is provided on one side of the battery pack 110 along the X-axis direction, and the extension 162 extends from the main body 161 along the X-axis direction.

[0126] Optionally, the main body 161 is a rectangular plate structure, and the extension 162 is a rectangular plate structure. The length direction of the main body 161 is parallel to the Y-axis direction. The main body 161 is laid on the top surface of the battery pack 110, that is, the larger surface area of ​​the main body 161 is perpendicular to the Z-axis direction.

[0127] Of course, in other embodiments, the guide 160 may also be a hollow tubular structure, such as a square tube.

[0128] In a modified embodiment, the guide 160 may not include the extension 162, but only the main body 161 extending along the Y-axis direction, with a second conductive structure 190 provided at one end of the main body 161 along the Y-axis direction.

[0129] like Figure 14 As shown, in one embodiment, when the second conductive structure 190 includes a second through hole 1621, the opening of the second through hole 1621 faces away from the battery pack 110.

[0130] In this embodiment, since the opening of the second through hole 1621 faces away from the battery pack 110, when emissions are ejected from the second through hole 1621, the emission direction is away from the battery pack 110, thus preventing the emissions from contaminating the individual cells 111 of the battery pack 110. Furthermore, since the side of the extension 162 facing away from the battery pack 110 is not equipped with the battery pack 110, this side has a larger operating space, making it convenient to install equipment for collecting and processing emissions near the second through hole 1621.

[0131] like Figure 5 As shown, the first conductive structure 180 includes a plurality of first through holes 1611, which are located on the main body 161 at positions corresponding to each of the first pressure relief mechanisms 1111 in the first direction, and each first through hole 1611 is connected to the guide channel 160a.

[0132] When the single cell 111 is in a thermal runaway state, the first pressure relief mechanism 1111 of the single cell 111 is activated, and the discharge inside the single cell 111 is ejected through the first pressure relief mechanism 1111 and enters the guide channel 160a of the guide member 160 after passing through the first through hole 1611 corresponding to the first pressure relief mechanism 1111.

[0133] like Figure 15 and Figure 16 As shown, the first conductive structure 180 also includes a vulnerable layer 181 and a plurality of heat-resistant sheets 182. The vulnerable layer 181 is disposed between the main body 161 and the battery pack 110. The vulnerable layer 181 covers the first pressure relief mechanism 1111 of each individual battery 111. The vulnerable layer 181 is connected to the heat-resistant sheets 182 at the positions corresponding to the plurality of first pressure relief mechanisms 1111 in the first direction on the side surface of the vulnerable layer 181 facing away from the battery pack 110. The plurality of heat-resistant sheets 182 cover the plurality of first through holes 1611 respectively.

[0134] Optionally, the heat-resistant sheet 182 is made of at least one of ceramic fiber, alumina insulation cotton, or high-temperature resistant silicone; the vulnerable layer 181 is made of polyethylene or polypropylene.

[0135] In this embodiment, when a single cell 111 is in a thermal runaway state, its first pressure relief mechanism 1111 ejects exhaust material. This exhaust material is under high temperature and pressure, melting the area in the vulnerable layer 181 corresponding to the first pressure relief mechanism 1111. This causes the heat-resistant sheet 182 to detach from the first through-hole 1611 corresponding to the first pressure relief mechanism 1111. At this time, the first through-hole 1611 is open, and the exhaust material enters the guide channel 160a through the first through-hole 1611. The remaining areas in the vulnerable layer 181 are not directly impacted by the exhaust material, so the remaining heat-resistant sheets 182 remain covering the first through-hole 1611. Thus, the exhaust material flowing within the guide channel 160a does not diffuse to other single cells 111 through other first through-holes 1611, preventing other single cells 111 from being affected by the exhaust material and preventing thermal propagation.

[0136] In one embodiment, in the corresponding heat-resistant sheet 182 and the first through hole 1611, the orthographic projection of the first through hole 1611 on a projection plane is a first orthographic projection, and the orthographic projection of the heat-resistant sheet 182 on the same projection plane is a second orthographic projection. The first orthographic projection falls within the area enclosed by the outer contour of the second orthographic projection. This projection plane is perpendicular to the Z-axis direction. This design ensures that the heat-resistant sheet 182 can completely cover the corresponding first through hole 1611, preventing leakage of discharge materials within the guide channel 160a.

[0137] It should be noted that the shape of the heat-resistant sheet 182 can be the same as or different from the shape of the first through hole 1611.

[0138] As a modified embodiment, such as Figure 17 As shown, the vulnerable layer 181 and multiple heat-resistant sheets 182 in the above embodiment can also be replaced by a heat-resistant layer 183. The heat-resistant layer 183 is disposed between the main body 161 and the battery pack 110. The heat-resistant layer 183 covers each of the first pressure relief mechanisms 1111. The heat-resistant layer 183 and each of the first pressure relief mechanisms 1111 are provided with weak parts 1831 at the positions corresponding to the heat-resistant layer 183 and each of the first pressure relief mechanisms 1111.

[0139] Optionally, the heat-resistant layer 183 may be made of at least one of ceramic fiber, alumina insulation cotton, or high-temperature resistant silicone.

[0140] In this embodiment, when a single cell 111 is in a thermal runaway state, its first pressure relief mechanism 1111 ejects exhaust material. This exhaust material is under high temperature and pressure, causing it to break through the weak portion 1831 in the heat-resistant layer 183 corresponding to the location of the first pressure relief mechanism 1111. The exhaust material then enters the guide channel 160a through the first through-hole 1611 corresponding to the first pressure relief mechanism 1111. The remaining weak portions 1831 in the heat-resistant layer 183 are not directly impacted by the exhaust material, so they remain undamaged. Thus, the exhaust material flowing within the guide channel 160a does not diffuse to other single cells 111 through other first through-holes 1611, preventing other single cells 111 from being affected by the exhaust material and preventing thermal propagation.

[0141] It should be noted that a weak point 1831 can be formed in the heat-resistant layer 183 through processes such as machining and chemical treatment. The thickness of the weak point 1831 is less than the thickness of the rest of the heat-resistant layer 183, or the area where the weak point 1831 is located is provided with grooves.

[0142] As a modified embodiment, the plurality of first through holes 1611 on the main body 161 can also be replaced by a plurality of thinning portions, which correspond to the positions of the plurality of first pressure relief mechanisms 1111 in the Z-axis direction. The structural strength of the thinning portions is less than that of other positions on the main body 161. The thinning portions are configured to rupture when the impact force of the exhaust ejected from the first pressure relief mechanism 1111 reaches a threshold, so that the exhaust enters the guide channel 160a through the thinning portions.

[0143] In this embodiment, when a single cell 111 is in a thermal runaway state, its first pressure relief mechanism 1111 ejects exhaust material. This exhaust material is under high temperature and pressure, causing it to rupture the thinned portion of the main body 161 corresponding to the position of the first pressure relief mechanism 1111. The exhaust material then enters the guide channel 160a through the ruptured thinned portion. The remaining thinned portions of the main body 161 are not directly impacted by the exhaust material, so they remain undamaged. Therefore, the exhaust material flowing within the guide channel 160a does not diffuse to other single cells 111, preventing other single cells 111 from being affected by the exhaust material and preventing thermal propagation.

[0144] like Figure 4 and Figure 14 As shown, the battery pack 110 has end plates 120 at both ends along the Y-axis, and the main body 161 is fixedly connected to the end plates 120. The extension 162 is located on the side of the end plate 120 facing away from the battery pack 110.

[0145] In this embodiment, by connecting the main body 161 to the end plate 120, the stability of the relative position of the guide member 160 with respect to each individual battery cell 111 of the battery pack 110 can be ensured. On the one hand, this avoids the problem that the first pressure relief mechanism 1111 of each individual battery cell 111 cannot be aligned with the first through hole 1611 of the guide member 160 due to misalignment of the guide member 160 with respect to the battery pack 110, thereby preventing the emissions generated in the event of thermal runaway of the individual battery cell 111 from not flowing into the guide channel 160a in time. On the other hand, this further strengthens the function of fixing the guide member 160, preventing the guide member from being lifted up due to excessive impact force of the emissions ejected when the individual battery cell experiences thermal runaway. In addition, connecting the main body 161 to the end plate 120 in this embodiment makes full use of the existing components in the battery module 100a, eliminating the need for additional components for connection with the main body 161, which simplifies the structure of the battery module 100a and saves costs.

[0146] like Figure 14 As shown, the main body 161 has pressing edges 1612 extending along the Y-axis on both sides along the X-axis direction. The pressing edges 1612 are fixedly connected to the end plate 120 by the fifth fastener T5.

[0147] In this embodiment, the fifth fastener T5 is used to connect the guide 160 and the end plate 120, which can ensure the connection strength between the guide 160 and the end plate 120 and prevent the guide 160 from being misaligned relative to the individual cells 111 of the battery pack 110.

[0148] Optionally, the fifth fastener T5 can be a screw, rivet, etc.

[0149] like Figure 4 and Figure 14 As shown, the terminals 1112 of the multiple individual cells 111 of the battery pack 110 form two rows of terminals 1113 in the Y-axis direction, and the main body 161 is located between the two rows of terminals 1113.

[0150] In this embodiment, the main body 161 is disposed between the two columns of pole posts 1113, that is, the size of the main body 161 is smaller than the size between the two columns of pole posts 1113. Without affecting the connection between the pole posts 1113 and the busbar, a guide member 160 with a guide channel 160a can also be additionally provided.

[0151] Please continue reading. Figure 4 and Figure 14 Each electrode column 1113 is electrically connected to a sampling component 170. There is no overlap between the main body 161 and the orthographic projections of each sampling component 170 on the second projection plane, which is perpendicular to the Z-axis. The sampling component 170 is used to collect the temperature and / or voltage of the individual battery cell 111.

[0152] In this embodiment, the main body 161 is positioned to avoid the two columns of pole posts 1113, so that the pole posts 1113 can be electrically connected to the sampling component 170. The sampling component 170 does not interfere with the main body 161, thus avoiding the sampling component 170 from burning out due to the temperature rise of the main body 161 when the discharge is introduced into the guide channel 160a.

[0153] Optionally, the sampling assembly 170 includes a sampling circuit board and multiple buses, each of which is electrically connected to a plurality of terminals 1112 included in a terminal column 1113, and the sampling circuit board is electrically connected to the multiple buses.

[0154] In one embodiment, the guide 160 has a hollow cavity, at least a portion of which forms a guide channel 160a.

[0155] Optionally, the guide 160 may include two plates, one of which has a folded edge on its outer edge, the folded edge of which connects to the larger surface area of ​​the other plate, such that the two plates form a guide channel 160a. The other plate has a plurality of through first holes 1611, each first through hole 1611 penetrating the plate along its thickness direction.

[0156] like Figure 18 As shown, the energy storage device of this application embodiment includes multiple electrically connected battery modules 100a, which are arranged along the Z-axis and constitute a battery unit 100. Side plates 200 are fixedly connected to both sides of the battery unit 100 along the X-axis, and each battery module 100a is fixedly connected between at least two side plates 200.

[0157] The number of battery modules 100a can be two, three, four, or other quantities. Multiple battery modules 100a can be connected in series, parallel, or a combination thereof.

[0158] like Figures 18 to 20 As shown, each battery module 100a includes a battery pack 110, an end plate 120, and a cold plate 140. The battery pack 110 has end plates 120 at both ends along the Y-axis, and the cold plate 140 is located on one side of the battery pack 110 along the Z-axis. The end plates 120, the cold plate 140, and the side plate 200 are connected to form a receiving cavity 130 for accommodating the battery pack 110.

[0159] The energy storage device of this application embodiment includes a battery unit 100 comprising multiple battery modules 100a. The end plate 120 and cold plate 140 of each battery module 100a are connected to a side plate 200 to form a receiving cavity 130 for accommodating a battery pack 110. Under the combined action of the end plate 120, cold plate 140, and side plate 200, multiple battery modules 100a can be stacked together along the Z-axis and grouped. Compared to the "box + cover" encapsulation structure used in the prior art, the energy storage device of this application embodiment omits the box and cover. On the one hand, this significantly reduces the weight and volume of the entire energy storage device, facilitating handling and operation, and reducing the risk of collisions with other components. On the other hand, because the volume of each energy storage device is smaller, when multiple energy storage devices are assembled into a battery cluster, each energy storage device occupies less space, resulting in a higher integration rate of the battery cluster and improved energy density.

[0160] like Figure 20 and Figure 21 As shown, in an exemplary embodiment, the side plate 200 is generally a rectangular plate structure. The length direction of the side plate 200 is parallel to the Y-axis direction, the width direction of the side plate 200 is parallel to the Z-axis direction, and the thickness direction of the side plate 200 is parallel to the X-axis direction.

[0161] like Figure 21 As shown, at least one of the surfaces of the side plate 200 facing the battery cell 100 and the surface facing away from the battery cell 100 is provided with reinforcing ribs 230, which extend along the Y-axis direction.

[0162] In this embodiment, by providing reinforcing ribs 230 on the side plate 200, the structural strength of the side plate 200 can be significantly improved, thereby ensuring the structural robustness of the multiple battery modules 100a after assembly, and avoiding the side plate 200 from being easily twisted and deformed due to the excessive length of the battery module 100a.

[0163] Please continue reading. Figure 21 The side plate 200 is also provided with a through weight reduction hole 240, which penetrates the side plate 200 along the X-axis direction.

[0164] In this embodiment, the weight-reducing holes 240 can reduce the weight of the side plate 200 to a certain extent, thereby further reducing the overall weight of the energy storage device. In addition, the weight-reducing holes 240 on the side plate 200 can also save on the material cost of the side plate 200.

[0165] This application does not impose any particular limitation on the shape of the weight-reducing hole 240. For example, the shape of the weight-reducing hole 240 can be any of the following: circular, rectangular, elliptical, oval, etc.

[0166] In one exemplary embodiment, the side plate 200 is provided with multiple rows of weight-reducing holes 240, each row including multiple weight-reducing holes 240.

[0167] In one embodiment, the side plate 200 can be a stamped part, formed by stamping reinforcing ribs 230 and weight-reducing holes 240 on a flat plate.

[0168] like Figure 20 and Figure 21 As shown, the side plate 200 has a first flange 210 at both ends along the Y-axis, and the first flange 210 is folded from the side plate 200 toward the end plate 120. The first flange 210 at one end of the side plate 200 along the Y-axis is arranged at intervals along the Z-axis.

[0169] In one exemplary embodiment, the side panel 200 has two first flanges 210 at each end along the Y-axis, the same number as the number of battery modules 100a. For example, if there are two battery modules 100a, the side panel 200 also has two first flanges 210 at each end along the Y-axis.

[0170] Of course, in other embodiments, the side plate 200 is provided with a first flange 210 at both ends along the Y-axis direction. The first flange 210 is longer along the Z-axis direction so that multiple end plates 120 located at the same end in the Y-axis direction of multiple battery modules 100a are connected to a first flange 210 at one end of the side plate 200.

[0171] like Figure 22 and Figure 23 As shown, the first flange 210 is fixedly connected to the corresponding end plate 120 by the first fastener T1.

[0172] In this embodiment, the first flange 210 at one end of the side plate 200 is fixedly connected to the corresponding end plate 120 by the first fastener T1. The design of the first flange 210 increases the contact area when the side plate 200 and the end plate 120 are connected, thereby improving the connection strength between the side plate 200 and the end plate 120, so that the side plate 200 and the end plate 120 can form a stable receiving cavity 130 after being connected.

[0173] In one embodiment, the first fastener T1 can be a screw, rivet, etc.

[0174] In one embodiment, the first flange 210 is elongated and extends along the Z-axis.

[0175] like Figure 22 and Figure 23 As shown, the first flange 210 is located on the side of the end plate 120 facing away from the battery pack 110, that is, the first flange 210 is located on the outside of the end plate 120.

[0176] Compared to the solution of inserting the first flange 210 between the end plate 120 and the battery pack 110, in this embodiment, the first flange 210 is set on the outside of the end plate 120, which ensures that no extra parts are set between the end plate 120 and the battery pack 110, thereby ensuring that the end plate 120 and the battery pack 110 can fit tightly together and improving the compactness of the battery module 100a structure.

[0177] Return to reference Figure 20 The end plate 120 has a frame 122 at both ends along the X-axis direction. The frame 122 and the corresponding first flange 210 are fixedly connected by the first fastener T1.

[0178] The end plate 120 has at least one transverse rib 123 and at least one longitudinal rib 124 protruding on the side facing away from the battery pack 110. The transverse rib 123 extends along the X-axis, and the longitudinal rib 124 extends along the Z-axis. The transverse rib 123 and the longitudinal rib 124 intersect each other. The two ends of the transverse rib 123 are respectively connected to the frame 122 at both ends of the end plate 120 along the X-axis.

[0179] like Figure 20 and Figure 22 As shown, the end plate 120 near the cold plate 140 is provided with a second flange 121 that bends toward the direction away from the receiving cavity 130. The second flange 121 is fixedly connected to the cold plate 140 by a second fastener T2.

[0180] In this embodiment, the second flange 121 provided on the end plate 120 increases the contact area between the end plate 120 and the cold plate 140, thereby improving the connection strength between the end plate 120 and the cold plate 140, making the cold plate 140 less prone to deformation under pressure, and ensuring that the cold plate 140 can provide stable support for the battery pack 110.

[0181] In one embodiment, the second fastener T2 can be a screw, rivet, etc.

[0182] Optionally, one end of the longitudinal stiffener 124 may be connected to the second flange 121.

[0183] In one embodiment, the second flange 121 is elongated and extends along the X-axis.

[0184] In one embodiment, the cold plate 140 is fixedly connected between the two side plates 200.

[0185] In this embodiment, the cold plate 140 is perpendicular to the Z-axis, the end plate 120 is perpendicular to the Y-axis, and the side plate 200 is perpendicular to the X-axis. The cold plate 140, the end plate 120, and the side plate 200 are connected to each other. Through this structural design, the cold plate 140, the end plate 120, and the side plate 200 form a three-dimensional support structure, thereby improving the overall connection strength and stability of the energy storage device.

[0186] like Figure 22 and Figure 23 As shown, the cold plate 140 has a third flange 141 at both ends along the X-axis direction, which bends toward the direction away from the battery pack 110. The third flange 141 is fixedly connected to the corresponding side plate 200 by a third fastener T3.

[0187] In this embodiment, the third flange 141 provided on the cold plate 140 increases the contact area between the cold plate 140 and the side plate 200, thereby improving the connection strength between the cold plate 140 and the side plate 200, so that the cold plate 140 can be stably connected between the two side plates 200, and further ensure that the cold plate 140 can provide stable support for the battery pack 110.

[0188] In one embodiment, the third flange 141 is elongated and extends along the Y-axis.

[0189] In one embodiment, the third fastener T3 can be a screw, rivet, etc.

[0190] like Figure 22 and Figure 23 As shown, the third flange 141 is also provided with a reinforcing member 150 on the side facing away from the side plate 200. The reinforcing member 150 is connected to the cold plate 140. The reinforcing member 150, the third flange 141 and the side plate 200 are fixedly connected by the third fastener T3, and the third flange 141 is sandwiched between the reinforcing member 150 and the side plate 200.

[0191] On the one hand, when the third fastener T3 fixes the side plate 200 to the third flange 141, the connection strength between the side plate 200 and the third flange 141 may be affected due to the insufficient thickness of the third flange 141. In this embodiment, a reinforcing member 150 is provided on the side of the third flange 141 facing away from the side plate 200. The setting of the reinforcing member 150 is equivalent to increasing the thickness of the third flange 141. Thus, when the third fastener T3 fixes the side plate 200 to the third flange 141 and the reinforcing member 150, the reinforcing member 150 can significantly improve the connection strength between the third flange 141 and the side plate 200. On the other hand, the reinforcing member 150 is connected to the cold plate 140, and the reinforcing member 150 can assist the cold plate 140 in providing stable support to the battery pack 110 to a certain extent.

[0192] In one embodiment, the reinforcing member 150 and the cold plate 140 may be welded together.

[0193] Of course, in other embodiments, the reinforcing member 150 and the cold plate 140 can also be connected by fasteners.

[0194] like Figure 22 and Figure 23 As shown, the reinforcing member 150 is a hollow tubular structure, and the reinforcing member 150 extends along the Y-axis direction. Further, the reinforcing member 150 can be a square tube.

[0195] In this embodiment, the reinforcing member 150 is designed as a hollow tubular structure, which not only ensures the connection strength between the third flange 141 and the side plate 200, but also reduces the weight of the reinforcing member 150, which is beneficial to reducing the weight of the entire energy storage device.

[0196] like Figure 23 As shown, a slider 151 protrudes from the side of the reinforcing member 150 facing away from the battery pack 110. The slider 151 is used to slide with a guide rail.

[0197] In this embodiment, the reinforcing member 150 is also provided with a slider 151, so that the reinforcing member 150 and the slider 151 in this embodiment are equivalent to the slide rail on the box with the "box body + box cover" encapsulation structure in the prior art. When the energy storage device of this embodiment is installed into the prefabricated compartment, the slider 151 can slide and cooperate with the guide rail in the prefabricated compartment, so that even if the box body is omitted, the energy storage device of this embodiment can be smoothly installed into the prefabricated compartment with the help of the slider 151.

[0198] like Figure 22 and Figure 23 As shown, one end face of the side plate 200 along the Z-axis direction is recessed to form multiple positioning grooves 220, and the multiple positioning grooves 220 are arranged at intervals along the Y-axis direction; the third flange 141 is provided with multiple positioning protrusions 142 on one side surface facing the corresponding side plate 200, and the multiple positioning protrusions 142 are respectively positioned in the multiple positioning grooves 220.

[0199] In this embodiment, when assembling the side plate 200, the side plate 200 can first be pressed against one side of the battery unit 100 along the X-axis direction. Then, the side plate 200 is slid relative to the battery unit 100 from top to bottom along the Z-axis direction. When the positioning groove 220 of the side plate 200 is positioned and engaged with the positioning protrusion 142, it indicates that the side plate 200 has been installed in place in the Z-axis direction. Finally, the third fastener T3 is assembled to fix the side plate 200, the third flange 141, and the reinforcing member 150 together. Therefore, by providing the positioning groove 220 on the side plate 200 and the positioning protrusion 142 on the third flange 141, the positioning protrusion 142 and the positioning groove 220 are positioned and engaged, which plays a positioning role when the side plate 200 is installed, thereby improving the installation efficiency and installation accuracy of the side plate 200.

[0200] In one exemplary embodiment, at least one third fastener T3 is provided between two adjacent positioning protrusions 142.

[0201] like Figure 22 and Figure 23 As shown, the reinforcing member 150 and the third flange 141 are fixedly connected by a plurality of fourth fasteners T4; the caps of the plurality of fourth fasteners T4 respectively form a plurality of positioning protrusions 142.

[0202] In this embodiment, the reinforcing member 150 is connected to the third flange 141 not only by the third fastener T3, but also by the fourth fastener T4. The cap of the fourth fastener T4 serves as the positioning protrusion 142, eliminating the need to set other components to form the positioning protrusion 142, thus simplifying the structure of the reinforcing member 150.

[0203] like Figure 24 As shown, the side plate 200 has a bent portion 250 at one end away from the positioning groove 220, and the bent portion 250 bends from the side plate 200 in a direction away from the battery unit 100.

[0204] In this embodiment, the upper end of the side plate 200 is provided with a curved portion 250, which bends away from the battery unit 100 to avoid the upper end of the side plate 200 scratching the individual battery cells 111 of the battery unit 100.

[0205] In one embodiment, the curved portion 250 includes an arcuate structure 251. By designing the curved portion 250 to include the arcuate structure 251, the surface of the curved portion 250 can be made smoother, further avoiding the problem of the individual battery cell 111 being scratched by the side plate 200.

[0206] like Figure 25 As shown, this application also provides a power supply system 6, including an electrical device 5 and an energy storage device 1 of any of the above, wherein the energy storage device 1 supplies power to the electrical device 5.

[0207] It is understood that the various embodiments / implementations provided in this application can be combined with each other without creating contradictions, and will not be described one by one here.

[0208] In the embodiments of this application, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance; the term "multiple" refers to two or more unless otherwise expressly defined. The terms "install," "connect," "link," and "fix" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connect" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; "link" can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0209] In the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "specific embodiment," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the claims. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0210] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the application examples and are not intended to limit the application examples. For those skilled in the art, the application examples can have various modifications and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the application examples should be included within the protection scope of the application examples.

Claims

1. An energy storage device, characterized in that, include: A battery pack, comprising a plurality of individual cells arranged side by side along the Y-axis, each of the individual cells being provided with a first pressure relief mechanism; Multiple spacers are provided, with the spacers sandwiched between adjacent individual cells; A guide member having a guide channel, the guide member including a main body portion disposed on one side of the battery pack, the main body portion having at least a portion of the guide channel, the main body portion covering the first pressure relief mechanism of each of the individual cells, and the main body portion having a first conductive structure on the side facing the battery pack, the first conductive structure being configured to allow emissions from the battery pack to enter the guide channel; wherein, the main body portion is connected to at least one of the spacers.

2. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plurality of spacers includes at least one first spacer, at least one second spacer and at least one third spacer, wherein the first spacer is connected to the main body.

3. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spacer connected to the main body is a first spacer. The first spacer includes a body and a connecting part. The body is sandwiched between adjacent individual cells. The connecting part is connected to one end of the body near the main body and extends out of the surface of the individual cell facing the main body.

4. The energy storage device according to claim 3, characterized in that, In the Y-axis direction, the size of the connecting part is larger than the size of the body part.

5. The energy storage device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The connecting part includes a substrate and hooks. The substrate is connected to the main body. The hooks are provided at both ends of the substrate along the width direction of the battery pack. The hooks at both ends of the substrate are located on both sides of the main body along the width direction of the battery pack. The main body is snapped into connection with the connecting part.

6. The energy storage device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The two ends of the substrate are provided with a retaining wall on the opposite side of the hooks, and the retaining wall is connected between the hooks and the body.

7. The energy storage device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The connecting part is connected to the main body part by fasteners.

8. The energy storage device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The connecting portion has a first end close to the body portion and a second end away from the body portion in the height direction of the battery pack. The first end is connected to the body portion, and the second end abuts against the body portion. In the Y-axis direction, the size of the first end is less than or equal to the size of the second end.

9. The energy storage device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The main body is provided with a groove for avoiding the connecting part.

10. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery pack has end plates at both ends along the Y-axis, and the main body is fixedly connected to the end plates.

11. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guide member has a second conductive structure at one end along the Y-axis, and the second conductive structure is configured to allow the discharge material in the guide channel to flow out of the guide channel.

12. The energy storage device according to claim 11, characterized in that, The second conductive structure includes a second through hole disposed in the guide member, the second through hole communicating with the guide channel; or, The second conduction structure includes a second pressure relief mechanism connected to the guide member and configured to release the discharge in the guide channel when the pressure in the guide channel is greater than or equal to a threshold.

13. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first conductive structure includes a plurality of first through holes, which are located on the main body in a first direction corresponding to each of the first pressure relief mechanisms, and each first through hole is connected to the guide channel. The first direction is the height direction or the width direction of the battery pack.

14. The energy storage device according to claim 13, characterized in that, The first conductive structure further includes a vulnerable layer and a plurality of heat-resistant sheets. The vulnerable layer is disposed between the main body and the battery pack. The vulnerable layer covers the first pressure relief mechanism of each individual battery cell. The vulnerable layer is connected to the heat-resistant sheets at positions corresponding to the plurality of first pressure relief mechanisms in the first direction on one side surface facing away from the battery pack. The plurality of heat-resistant sheets cover the plurality of first through holes.

15. The energy storage device according to claim 13, characterized in that, The first conductive structure further includes a heat-resistant layer disposed between the main body and the battery pack, the heat-resistant layer covering each of the first pressure relief mechanisms, and the heat-resistant layer having a weak point at the position corresponding to each of the first pressure relief mechanisms.

16. A power supply system, characterized in that, It includes electrical equipment and an energy storage device as described in any one of claims 1-15, wherein the energy storage device supplies power to the electrical equipment.

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