Power supply redundancy electric energy meter data acquisition method and system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of power data acquisition, in particular to a power supply redundancy electric energy meter data acquisition method and system. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring a power grid voltage data sequence and calculating statistical characteristics, and acquiring standby power supply voltage and communication signal strength in real time; determining a drop amplitude according to the voltage change, evaluating a communication load in combination with the signal strength and the length of the data to be sent, and evaluating a power supply survival pressure index based on the drop amplitude, the communication load and the closeness degree of a current voltage value and a shutdown threshold value; calculating a voltage sequence variance to represent a data value, and performing suppression processing on the data value by using a survival pressure index to obtain a data transmission priority score; and comparing the score with a basic transmission threshold, if the score is greater than the threshold, waking up the radio frequency unit to send data, otherwise, discarding the data and controlling the equipment to sleep. According to the scheme, the data length and the signal quality are comprehensively considered, and the energy cost required for sending the current data packet is accurately estimated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power data acquisition technology. More specifically, this invention relates to a method and system for acquiring data from a power meter with power supply redundancy. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of smart grid technology, electricity meters are no longer just simple metering tools, but have evolved into intelligent terminals with edge computing capabilities and remote communication functions. In practical industrial applications, electricity meters are usually equipped with a main power supply and a backup power supply to ensure that the equipment can still maintain operation for a short period of time and complete the final data reporting task when the main power supply is interrupted due to aging lines, malicious damage, or regional power outages.

[0003] However, existing redundant power supply schemes mostly employ a crude "fixed threshold cutoff method," where after the main power supply fails, the equipment switches to the backup power supply and continues to transmit data sequentially until the backup power supply voltage drops below a certain fixed value, at which point it is forcibly shut down. This approach has significant drawbacks: firstly, the backup power supply has extremely limited energy and lacks assessment of data value, resulting in a large amount of power being consumed in the initial stage of the power outage to transmit meaningless, stable load data—a "bad money drives out good" scenario—meaning that high-value data that truly describes the root cause of the power outage cannot be transmitted due to subsequent power depletion.

[0004] On the other hand, existing technologies neglect the "avalanche effect" of battery physical characteristics. Wireless communication modules generate large pulse currents when transmitting signals. When the battery charge is low and the internal resistance increases, forcibly transmitting large amounts of data will cause a huge voltage drop across the battery's internal resistance, resulting in the output voltage instantly dropping below the shutdown threshold, causing the device to "suddenly fail" without data being saved. Existing technologies only monitor static voltage and cannot predict the risk of voltage collapse under such dynamic loads, making it difficult to ensure the effective uploading of critical fault data. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to propose a power meter data acquisition method and system with power supply redundancy, in order to solve the problem that it is difficult to ensure the effective uploading of critical fault data in the prior art; to this end, this invention provides solutions in the following two aspects.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a power meter data acquisition method with power supply redundancy, comprising the following steps:

[0007] The system acquires the grid voltage data sequence within the current time window of the electricity meter, calculates the statistical characteristics of the grid voltage data sequence, and collects the current voltage value of the backup power supply, the voltage value of the previous cycle, and the current communication signal strength in real time. Based on the current voltage value and the voltage value of the previous cycle, it determines the voltage drop amplitude, assesses the communication load by combining the current communication signal strength and the length of data to be transmitted, and evaluates the power supply survival pressure index based on the voltage drop amplitude, the communication load, and the proximity of the current voltage value to the shutdown threshold. It calculates the variance of the grid voltage data sequence to characterize the data value, and uses the power supply survival pressure index to suppress the data value, obtaining the data transmission priority score for the current moment. The data transmission priority score is compared with a preset basic transmission threshold. If the data transmission priority score is greater than the basic transmission threshold, the radio frequency unit is woken up to transmit the grid voltage data sequence; otherwise, the grid voltage data sequence is discarded and the device is controlled to enter a sleep state, thereby achieving adaptive data acquisition and transmission under power supply redundancy.

[0008] Preferably, the step of evaluating the communication load by combining the current communication signal strength and the length of the data to be sent includes: multiplying the number of bytes of the data packet to be sent by the data length weight normalization coefficient to obtain the length load component; multiplying the difference between the maximum signal strength and the current signal strength indication by the signal quality weight normalization coefficient to obtain the signal load component; and adding the length load component and the signal load component to obtain the communication load.

[0009] Preferably, the evaluation of the power supply survival stress index includes: calculating the product of the sensitivity adjustment coefficient, the voltage drop amplitude, and the communication load as the numerator; calculating the difference between the current voltage value of the backup power supply and the module hardware forced shutdown voltage threshold, and adding the difference to the zero-prevention protection constant as the denominator; dividing the numerator by the denominator to obtain a ratio, and calculating the natural logarithm of the sum of the ratio and the natural constant to obtain the power supply survival stress index.

[0010] Preferably, the step of using the power supply survival pressure index to suppress the data value and obtain the data transmission priority score at the current moment includes: calculating the average of the sum of squares of the differences between the data at each sampling point in the power grid voltage data sequence and the arithmetic mean of the data in the current window, to obtain the variance; calculating the pressure suppression index of the power supply survival pressure index raised to the power of the power supply survival pressure index as the denominator suppression term; and dividing the variance by the denominator suppression term to obtain the data transmission priority score.

[0011] Preferably, the statistical feature includes the arithmetic mean of the power grid voltage data sequence, which is used to characterize the steady-state component of the current power grid and serves as a benchmark value for subsequent variance calculation.

[0012] Preferably, the step of obtaining the grid voltage data sequence within the current time window of the electricity meter includes: opening a circular buffer in the memory of the communication module to store the data of the most recent sampling points in real time, and overwriting the earliest data when new sampling point data arrives, thus forming the grid voltage data sequence.

[0013] Preferably, the device enters a hibernation state by controlling the central processing unit to enter a light sleep mode and not activating the radio frequency transmission function, thereby reducing energy consumption and slowing down the voltage drop rate in order to wait for high-value data to appear.

[0014] Preferably, when the power supply survival pressure index increases with the consumption of backup power, the denominator suppression term increases exponentially. Only when the variance of the grid voltage data sequence is large enough to offset the effect of the denominator suppression term will the data transmission priority score be greater than the basic transmission threshold.

[0015] Preferably, the backup power supply includes a supercapacitor or a battery pack. The data acquisition and transmission process is automatically started after the main power supply is interrupted. The voltage drop reflects the dynamic trend of changes in battery internal resistance or abnormal increase in load.

[0016] In the second aspect, the power supply redundancy energy meter data acquisition system includes: processor; The memory stores computer instructions for acquiring electricity meter data with power supply redundancy. When the processor executes the computer instructions, the system performs the aforementioned electricity meter data acquisition method with power supply redundancy.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: (1) By comprehensively considering data length and signal quality, the energy cost required to send the current data packet can be accurately estimated.

[0018] (2) By constructing an exponential model that includes voltage dynamic changes and load prediction, it is possible to accurately simulate the risk of voltage collapse caused by the increase of internal resistance of the battery under low power, and achieve "anti-sudden death" protection.

[0019] (3) By coupling data value with survival pressure, a "cost-effectiveness" evaluation mechanism was established to ensure that only data with sufficient value can be sent when power is scarce.

[0020] (4) Strategic energy storage through active hibernation extends the equipment’s lifespan and increases the chance of capturing subsequent more serious failures. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 The flowchart illustrating the steps of the power meter data acquisition method with power supply redundancy in this embodiment is shown in the schematic diagram. Figure 2 This illustration illustrates the power supply survival pressure and dynamic threshold screening mechanism. Figure 3 The illustration shows a comparison of the survivability of the present invention with that of the prior art in a power outage scenario. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, the data acquisition method for power meter with power supply redundancy in this embodiment includes the following steps: Step S1: Obtain the grid voltage data sequence within the current time window of the electricity meter, calculate the statistical characteristics of the grid voltage data sequence, and collect the current voltage value of the backup power supply, the voltage value of the previous cycle, and the current communication signal strength in real time.

[0024] In this embodiment, the system first senses external environmental data and internal power status.

[0025] Specifically, a circular buffer is allocated in the memory of the ML307R module to collect grid voltage data sequences at a fixed frequency and store the most recent data. Data from each sampling point. The arithmetic mean of the data within the current window is calculated in real time as the steady-state component. Simultaneously, a high-precision ADC is used to read the current voltage of the backup power supply and record the voltage value of the previous monitoring cycle; and the current signal strength indication is obtained.

[0026] For example, the backup power source includes a supercapacitor or a battery pack.

[0027] In this way, by filtering the dataset and collecting basic physical quantities, a more accurate dataset can be obtained, providing precise input variables for subsequent model calculations and ensuring the real-time perception of the system's environment and its own state.

[0028] Step S2: Determine the voltage drop amplitude based on the current voltage value and the voltage value of the previous cycle, assess the communication load in conjunction with the current communication signal strength and the length of data to be transmitted, and assess the power supply survival stress index based on the voltage drop amplitude, the communication load, and the proximity of the current voltage value to the shutdown threshold.

[0029] Specifically, the voltage drop amplitude is calculated first. The voltage drop amplitude reflects the battery discharge rate and the dynamic trend of changes in battery internal resistance or abnormal increase in load.

[0030] The voltage drop amplitude satisfies the expression:

[0031] In the formula, This refers to the voltage drop magnitude. This is the current voltage of the backup power supply; This is the voltage value from the previous cycle.

[0032] Next, evaluate the communication load. The communication load satisfies the expression:

[0033] In the formula, For communication load; The data length weighting normalization coefficient; The number of bytes in the data packet to be sent; The signal quality weighting normalization coefficient; This indicates the current communication signal strength. The value range is 0~31. The larger the value, the better the signal; 31 is the maximum signal strength.

[0034] When the current signal strength is poor, the energy cost of sending this data is high.

[0035] Then, based on the voltage drop magnitude, the communication load, and the proximity of the current voltage value to the shutdown threshold, a power supply survival stress index is constructed.

[0036] The power supply survival stress index satisfies the following expression:

[0037] In the formula, The power supply survival stress index; This is the sensitivity adjustment coefficient; This refers to the voltage drop magnitude. For communication load; This is the current voltage of the backup power supply; The module hardware forced shutdown voltage threshold; A divide-by-zero protection constant is used to prevent the denominator from being zero, for example... It is 0.5V; It is a natural constant; It is the natural logarithm function.

[0038] The Power Supply Survival Stress Index visually assesses the "risk factor" of the current transmission. The index rises rapidly as the current voltage of the backup power supply decreases or the voltage drop increases.

[0039] Thus, by introducing voltage drop rate and load prediction, the current battery's ability to withstand dynamic loads can be effectively assessed, preventing voltage collapse caused by increased internal resistance, thereby achieving an accurate assessment of the equipment's survival status.

[0040] Step S3: Calculate the variance of the power grid voltage data sequence to characterize the data value, and use the power supply survival pressure index to suppress the data value to obtain the data transmission priority score at the current moment.

[0041] In this embodiment, the system needs to weigh the value of the data against the cost of transmission. The value of the data is measured by variance; the larger the variance, the more severe the power grid waveform distortion, and the higher the value of the fault information contained within.

[0042] Data transmission priority scoring satisfies the expression:

[0043] In the formula, Prioritize data transmission. This represents the number of sampling points; For the first Data from each sampling point; The power supply survival stress index; The stress inhibition index; This is the arithmetic mean of the data within the current window.

[0044] In this way, by constructing a cost-effectiveness model, the hard constraints of the physical layer can be transformed into soft mathematical indicators, ensuring that only data whose value is sufficient to cover the cost of survival can obtain a high score, thus realizing a dynamic game between data value and survival pressure.

[0045] Step S4: Compare the data transmission priority score with a preset basic transmission threshold. If the data transmission priority score is greater than the basic transmission threshold, wake up the radio frequency unit to send the grid voltage data sequence; otherwise, discard the grid voltage data sequence and control the device to enter a sleep state, so as to realize adaptive data acquisition and transmission under power supply redundancy.

[0046] For example, the basic transmission threshold is 10; when the data transmission priority score calculated in S3 is less than or equal to If the system determines that the data packet is not valuable enough to warrant a risk, it discards the packet, and the CPU enters a light sleep mode to "strategically conserve energy." When the data transmission priority score calculated in S3 is greater than... At that moment, the system determined that the data was critical and immediately woke up the radio frequency unit to transmit it at full speed.

[0047] In this way, through an adaptive hierarchical transmission strategy, normal transmission can be allowed when the power is sufficient, while the threshold is automatically raised when the power is critical, allowing only critical fault data to pass through, thereby maximizing the utilization efficiency of the backup power supply.

[0048] Figure 2It demonstrates the power supply survival pressure and dynamic threshold screening mechanism.

[0049] Depend on Figure 2 As time progresses, the backup power decreases, and the dynamic decision threshold curve rises exponentially. In the first 0-6 seconds, the threshold is low, and ordinary data can be transmitted; in the first 6-8 seconds, the threshold is high, and a large amount of low-value data is intercepted and discarded, saving power; and in the 8th second, the high-value data bars representing serious faults break through the threshold line and successfully obtain the right to transmit.

[0050] Figure 3 The survivability of this invention and existing technologies in power outage scenarios was compared.

[0051] Depend on Figure 3 It is evident that existing technologies, due to indiscriminate data transmission, cause a rapid, linear voltage drop, reaching the 3.3V shutdown line at 6.1 seconds and resulting in a "sudden death." In contrast, this invention, by discarding low-value data in the early stages, exhibits a slower voltage drop rate, successfully surviving until 8.0 seconds and capturing critical fault waveforms. This directly demonstrates the effectiveness of this invention's strategy of "early restraint" in exchange for "late-stage survival."

[0052] The present invention also provides a power meter data acquisition system with power supply redundancy. The system includes a processor and a memory, the memory storing computer program instructions. When the processor executes the computer program instructions, it implements the power meter data acquisition method with power supply redundancy described above according to the present invention.

[0053] The system also includes other components well known to those skilled in the art, such as communication buses and communication interfaces, the settings and functions of which are known in the art and therefore will not be described in detail here.

[0054] In this invention, the aforementioned memory can be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that can be used or combined with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. For example, a computer-readable storage medium can be any suitable magnetic or magneto-optical storage medium, such as Resistive Random Access Memory (RRAM), Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), Enhanced Dynamic Random Access Memory (EDRAM), High-Bandwidth Memory (HBM), Hybrid Memory Cube (HMC), etc., or any other medium that can be used to store desired information and can be accessed by an application, module, or both. Any such computer storage medium can be part of a device or accessible to or connected to a device. Any application or module described in this invention can be implemented by computer-readable / executable instructions stored or otherwise maintained on such a computer-readable medium.

[0055] In the description of this specification, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three or more, etc., unless otherwise expressly and specifically defined.

[0056] While various embodiments of the invention have been shown and described in this specification, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that such embodiments are provided by way of example only. Many modifications, alterations, and alternatives will occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and essence of the invention.

Claims

1. A method for acquiring data from a power meter with redundant power supply, characterized in that, include: The system acquires the grid voltage data sequence within the current time window of the electricity meter, calculates the statistical characteristics of the grid voltage data sequence, and collects the current voltage value of the backup power supply, the voltage value of the previous cycle, and the current communication signal strength in real time. The voltage drop amplitude is determined based on the current voltage value and the voltage value of the previous cycle. The communication load is evaluated in combination with the current communication signal strength and the length of data to be transmitted. Based on the voltage drop amplitude, the communication load, and the proximity of the current voltage value to the shutdown threshold, the power supply survival stress index is evaluated. The variance of the power grid voltage data sequence is calculated to characterize the data value. The data value is suppressed using the power supply survival pressure index to obtain the data transmission priority score at the current moment. The data transmission priority score is compared with a preset basic transmission threshold. If the data transmission priority score is greater than the basic transmission threshold, the radio frequency unit is woken up to send the grid voltage data sequence. Otherwise, the grid voltage data sequence is discarded and the device is controlled to enter a sleep state, so as to realize adaptive data acquisition and transmission under power supply redundancy.

2. The method for acquiring data from a power meter with power supply redundancy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method of evaluating the communication load by combining the current communication signal strength and the length of the data to be sent includes: multiplying the number of bytes of the data packet to be sent by the data length weight normalization coefficient to obtain the length load component; multiplying the difference between the maximum signal strength and the current communication signal strength indication by the signal quality weight normalization coefficient to obtain the signal load component; and adding the length load component and the signal load component to obtain the communication load.

3. The method for acquiring data from a power meter with power supply redundancy according to claim 2, characterized in that, The evaluation of the power supply survival stress index includes: calculating the sensitivity adjustment coefficient, the voltage drop amplitude, and the communication load as the numerator; calculating the difference between the current voltage value of the backup power supply and the module hardware forced shutdown voltage threshold, and adding the difference to the zero-prevention protection constant as the denominator; dividing the numerator by the denominator to obtain a ratio, and calculating the natural logarithm of the sum of the ratio and the natural constant to obtain the power supply survival stress index.

4. The method for acquiring data from a power meter with power supply redundancy according to claim 3, characterized in that, The step of using the power supply survival pressure index to suppress the data value and obtain the data transmission priority score at the current moment includes: calculating the average of the sum of squares of the differences between the data at each sampling point in the power grid voltage data sequence and the arithmetic mean of the data in the current window, to obtain the variance; calculating the pressure suppression index of the power supply survival pressure index raised to the power of the power supply survival pressure index as the denominator suppression term; and dividing the variance by the denominator suppression term to obtain the data transmission priority score.

5. The method for acquiring data from a power meter with power supply redundancy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The statistical features include the arithmetic mean of the power grid voltage data sequence. The arithmetic mean is used to characterize the steady-state component of the current power grid and serves as a benchmark value when calculating the variance.

6. The method for acquiring data from a power meter with power supply redundancy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of obtaining the grid voltage data sequence within the current time window of the electricity meter includes: opening a circular buffer in the memory of the communication module to store the data of the most recent sampling points in real time; when new sampling point data arrives, it overwrites the oldest data to form the grid voltage data sequence.

7. The method for acquiring data from a power meter with power supply redundancy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device enters hibernation mode by controlling the central processing unit to enter a light sleep mode and disabling the radio frequency transmission function. This reduces energy consumption and slows down the voltage drop rate in order to wait for high-value data to appear.

8. The method for acquiring data from a power meter with power supply redundancy according to claim 4, characterized in that, As the power supply survival pressure index increases with the consumption of backup power, the denominator suppression term increases exponentially. Only when the variance of the grid voltage data sequence is large enough to offset the effect of the denominator suppression term will the data transmission priority score be greater than the basic transmission threshold.

9. The method for acquiring data from a power meter with power supply redundancy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The backup power source includes a supercapacitor or a battery pack. The data acquisition and transmission process is automatically started after the main power supply is interrupted. The voltage drop reflects the dynamic trend of changes in battery internal resistance or abnormal increase in load.

10. A power meter data acquisition system with power supply redundancy, characterized in that, include: processor; A memory storing computer instructions for acquiring power meter data with power supply redundancy, which, when executed by the processor, cause the system to perform the power meter data acquisition method with power supply redundancy according to any one of claims 1-9.

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