Display panel and display device
By employing a color filter layer structure in the OLED display panel and utilizing a multi-layer color resist layer design with refractive index gradient, the problems of low light transmittance and process complexity caused by polarizers are solved, achieving high-efficiency light extraction, low power consumption, and simplified process, thus meeting the requirements for thinness and flexibility.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-29
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-13
AI Technical Summary
The use of polarizers in existing OLED display panels results in low light transmittance, brightness loss, increased power consumption, and is not conducive to thinning and flexibility. The technology of replacing polarizers with color filters increases the complexity and cost of the manufacturing process, while also causing the light to deviate from the forward emission direction.
The system employs a color filter layer structure, including first and second color resist layers. A first filter section and a second dimming section are located in the light-transmitting area. The second dimming section covers the edge of the first dimming section. The refractive index of the second color resist layer is higher than that of the first color resist layer. Combined with the refractive index gradient design of multiple color resist layers, light diffusion and scattering are suppressed, simplifying the manufacturing process and reducing costs.
It improves the light emission efficiency of OLED display panels, reduces screen-off reflectivity and power consumption, simplifies the manufacturing process, reduces production costs, and meets the demands for thinner and more flexible designs.
Smart Images
Figure CN121665862A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of display technology, and more particularly to a display panel and display device. Background Technology
[0002] As display technology advances towards thinner, more flexible, and wider viewing angles, Organic Light-Emitting Diode (OLED) display panels are widely used due to their advantages such as no backlight required, fast response time, high contrast, and flexibility. However, OLED display panels typically require a polarizer on the light-emitting side to suppress the reflection of ambient light from the metal cathode, thereby reducing surface reflectivity when the screen is off. However, polarizers have low light transmittance, which significantly reduces the brightness of the display panel and increases power consumption. Furthermore, their higher cost and greater thickness also hinder the development of thinner and more flexible display panels.
[0003] Among related technologies, a polarizer-less (POL-less) technology has been proposed, which uses color filters (CF) to replace polarizers. Compared to polarizer structures, color filters can improve the light transmittance of display panels and, to some extent, improve screen-off reflectivity. However, POL-less display panels typically require the introduction of a black matrix and multi-layer color resist structures to prevent light leakage in non-transparent areas and control reflection, resulting in the need for multiple photomasks in the manufacturing process, which complicates the process and increases production costs. Furthermore, when a single layer of color resist or a black matrix is arranged adjacent to the surrounding transparent areas, light is easily refracted or scattered at the edges of the transparent areas, causing some light to deviate from the forward emission direction. This reduces the forward light emission efficiency of the display panel, increases screen-off reflectivity, and further increases the power consumption of the display panel. Summary of the Invention
[0004] This application provides a display panel and a display device to simplify the manufacturing process of the display panel and reduce manufacturing costs.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solutions provided in this application are as follows: This application provides a display panel, including a light-transmitting area and a non-light-transmitting area located on at least one side of the light-transmitting area, the display panel comprising: Base; A light-emitting device layer is disposed on one side of the substrate, and the light-emitting device layer includes a plurality of light-emitting units, the light-emitting units being located within the light-transmitting area; A color filter layer is disposed on the side of the light-emitting device layer away from the substrate. The color filter layer includes a first color resist layer and a second color resist layer disposed on the side of the first color resist layer away from the substrate. The first color resist layer includes a first filter portion and a first dimming portion. The second color resist layer includes a second filter portion and a second dimming portion. The first filter portion and the second filter portion are both located in the light-transmitting area and have overlapping portions with the corresponding light-emitting units. The first dimming portion and the second dimming portion are both located in the non-light-transmitting area, and the second dimming portion or the second filter portion covers the edge of the first dimming portion. The refractive index of the second color resist layer is greater than that of the first color resist layer.
[0006] Optionally, in one embodiment, the color filter layer further includes a third color resist layer, which is disposed on the side of the first color resist layer near the substrate. The third color resist layer includes a third filter portion and a third dimming portion. The third filter portion is located in the light-transmitting area and has an overlapping portion with the corresponding light-emitting unit. The third dimming portion is located in the non-light-transmitting area. The colors of the first color resist layer, the second color resist layer, and the third color resist layer are different.
[0007] Optionally, in one embodiment, the refractive index of the third color resist layer is less than the refractive index of the first color resist layer.
[0008] Optionally, in one embodiment, the first filter is connected to its adjacent first dimming unit, the second filter is connected to its adjacent second dimming unit, and the third filter is connected to its adjacent third dimming unit.
[0009] Optionally, in one embodiment, the plurality of light-emitting units include a first light-emitting unit, a second light-emitting unit, and a third light-emitting unit, wherein the first filter is disposed corresponding to the first light-emitting unit, the second filter is disposed corresponding to the second light-emitting unit, and the third filter is disposed corresponding to the third light-emitting unit; The third color resist layer has a first opening and a second opening, the first opening being disposed corresponding to the first light-emitting unit and the second opening being disposed corresponding to the second light-emitting unit; The first color resist layer has a third opening and a fourth opening, the third opening being configured to correspond to the third light-emitting unit, and the fourth opening being configured to correspond to the second light-emitting unit; The second color resist layer has a fifth opening and a sixth opening, the fifth opening being configured to correspond to the third light-emitting unit, and the sixth opening being configured to correspond to the first light-emitting unit; The first filter portion fills the first opening, and the second filter portion fills the fourth opening and the second opening.
[0010] Optionally, in one embodiment, the size of the fifth opening is smaller than the size of the third opening, and the size of the sixth opening is larger than the size of the first opening.
[0011] Optionally, in one embodiment, at least two of the first dimming unit, the second dimming unit, and the third dimming unit form an overlapping portion in the thickness direction of the display panel; The light-emitting device layer includes a first electrode layer, wherein the orthographic projection of the first electrode layer on the substrate does not overlap with the edge of the orthographic projection of the overlapping portion on the substrate.
[0012] Optionally, in one embodiment, the first electrode layer has a plurality of breaks, each break corresponding to the edge of an overlapping portion, and the orthographic projection of the break on the substrate overlaps with the edge of the orthographic projection of the overlapping portion on the substrate.
[0013] Optionally, in one embodiment, the colors of the first color resist layer, the second color resist layer, and the third color resist layer are different from each other, namely red, green, and blue.
[0014] This application also provides a display device, which includes any of the display panels described above.
[0015] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of this application are as follows: The embodiments of this application provide a display panel and a display device; the display panel includes a substrate, a light-emitting device layer, and a color filter layer; the light-emitting device layer includes a plurality of light-emitting units; the color filter layer includes a first color resist layer and a second color resist layer disposed on the side of the first color resist layer away from the substrate, the first color resist layer includes a first filter portion and a first dimming portion, the second color resist layer includes a second filter portion and a second dimming portion, the first filter portion and the second filter portion are both located in the light-transmitting area and have an overlap with the corresponding light-emitting unit, the first dimming portion and the second dimming portion are both located in the non-light-transmitting area, thereby simplifying the manufacturing process of the display panel and reducing manufacturing costs; at the same time, the second dimming portion or the second filter portion covers the edge of the first dimming portion, the refractive index of the second color resist layer is greater than the refractive index of the first color resist layer, thereby suppressing the diffusion and scattering of light at the edge of the light-transmitting area, improving the light emission efficiency of the display panel, reducing the screen-off reflectivity of the display panel, and reducing power consumption. Attached Figure Description
[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the display panel provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the display panel provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a partial top view of the color filter layer provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a partial top view of the first electrode layer provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the display device provided in this application.
[0018] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1-Display panel; 100-Transparent area; 200-Non-transparent area; 10-Substrate; 20-Driving circuit layer; 30-Pixel definition layer; 31-Pixel aperture; 40-Light-emitting device layer; 41-Light-emitting layer; 42-Cathode layer; 400-Light-emitting unit; 401-First light-emitting unit; 402-Second light-emitting unit; 403-Third light-emitting unit; 420-First electrode layer; 421-Break; 50-Encapsulation layer; 60-Color filter layer; 61-First color resist layer; 611-First filter section; 612-First... Dimming section; 61A-Third opening; 61B-Fourth opening; 62-Second color resist layer; 621-Second filter section; 622-Second dimming section; 62A-Fifth opening; 62B-Sixth opening; 63-Third color resist layer; 631-Third filter section; 632-Third dimming section; 63A-First opening; 63B-Second opening; 64-Overlapping section; 70-Planarization layer; 80-Touch layer; 81-Touch section; 2-Display device; 21-Middle frame; X-First direction; Y-Second direction; Z-Third direction. Detailed Implementation
[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application. In addition, it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for illustration and explanation of this application and are not intended to limit this application. In this application, unless otherwise stated, directional terms such as "upper" and "lower" generally refer to the upper and lower in the actual use or working mode of the device, specifically the drawing direction in the accompanying drawings; while "inner" and "outer" refer to the outline of the device.
[0020] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, and features defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the stated features. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.
[0021] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections or detachable connections; mechanical connections or electrical connections or connections that allow communication; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and connections within two components or interactions between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.
[0022] The following disclosure provides many different embodiments for implementing different structures of this application. To simplify the disclosure of this application, specific examples of components and arrangements are described below. Of course, these are merely examples and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Furthermore, various specific examples of processes and materials are provided in this application, but those skilled in the art will recognize the application of other processes and / or the use of other materials.
[0023] Please combine Figures 1 to 4 This embodiment provides a display panel 1, which can be an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display panel 1. The display panel 1 includes a substrate 10, a driving circuit layer 20, a pixel definition layer 30, a light-emitting device layer 40, an encapsulation layer 50, and a color filter layer 60 stacked together.
[0024] The substrate 10 is used to carry and support the thin film structure of the display panel 1, providing overall mechanical stability and preventing deformation during subsequent deposition or encapsulation. The substrate 10 can be a rigid substrate 10 or a flexible substrate 10. When the substrate 10 is a rigid substrate, its material can be a metal or glass, which have excellent mechanical strength and thermal stability. When the substrate 10 is a flexible substrate, its material can include at least one of acrylic resin, methacrylic resin, polyisoprene, vinyl resin, epoxy resin, polyurethane-based resin, cellulose resin, silicone resin, polyimide-based resin, and polyamide-based resin to meet the requirements of flexible devices for bending and mechanical compliance.
[0025] The driving circuit layer 20 is disposed on the substrate 10. The driving circuit layer 20 is used to provide driving electrical signals to the light-emitting device layer 40 to control the switching state and light emission brightness of the light-emitting device, thereby realizing the image display and color adjustment functions of the display panel 1. The driving circuit layer 20 may include multiple thin-film transistors for independent driving of each light-emitting unit. The thin-film transistors may be etch-block type, back-channel etch type, or classified into bottom-gate thin-film transistors, top-gate thin-film transistors, etc., according to the position of the gate and the active layer. This embodiment does not limit this. It is understood that the driving circuit layer 20 is a conventional film layer well known to those skilled in the art, and its specific structure will not be described in detail here.
[0026] Specifically, the driving circuit layer 20 may include a semiconductor layer, a gate insulating layer, a gate, an interlayer insulating layer, a source / drain electrode layer, a passivation layer, and a planarization layer 70 stacked on the substrate 10; wherein, the source / drain electrode layer includes a source and a drain electrode spaced apart, and the planarization layer 70 is used to provide a smooth surface, eliminate surface unevenness of the substrate 10 or other layers, and ensure that subsequent layers (such as pixel definition layer 30, light-emitting device layer 40, etc.) can be deposited uniformly, thereby improving the display effect and performance of the display panel 1.
[0027] The pixel definition layer 30 is located on the side of the driving circuit layer 20 away from the substrate 10, and is used to define the light-emitting area of each pixel. The pixel definition layer 30 has multiple pixel openings 31. By setting light-emitting functional structures with different light-emitting colors, such as red, green and blue light-emitting units, in different pixel openings 31, the display effect of full-color images can be achieved.
[0028] The light-emitting device layer 40 includes an anode layer, a light-emitting layer 41, and a cathode layer 42 stacked together. The anode layer is disposed between the pixel definition layer 30 and the driving circuit layer 20. The anode layer includes a plurality of anodes spaced apart. A pixel opening 31 is aligned with a certain anode, and at least a portion of the surface of the anode is exposed in the pixel opening 31 to facilitate subsequent deposition of the light-emitting layer 41 and the formation of electrical contacts. The light-emitting layer 41 is disposed on the anode layer and includes a plurality of light-emitting parts corresponding one-to-one with the plurality of anodes. Each light-emitting part is located in the corresponding pixel opening 31 and is electrically connected to the drain of the thin-film transistor through the anode, thereby realizing independent driving and brightness control of each light-emitting part. The cathode layer 42 is laid entirely on the side of the light-emitting layer 41 away from the anode layer.
[0029] Specifically, the light-emitting device layer 40 includes a plurality of light-emitting units 400 spaced apart. Each light-emitting unit 400 includes an anode, a light-emitting portion, and a cathode layer 42. The anode is electrically connected to the thin-film transistor. The thin-film transistor controls the current flow to the anode by adjusting the gate signal. The anode provides positive charge to drive the light-emitting portion. The organic material in the light-emitting portion recombines and emits light under the action of the positive charge of the anode and the negative charge of the cathode layer 42. Thus, the light-emitting unit 400 achieves high-efficiency light emission and independent control.
[0030] The encapsulation layer 50 is disposed on the side of the light-emitting device layer 40 away from the pixel definition layer 30. The encapsulation layer 50 is used to encapsulate the light-emitting device layer 40 to prevent the anode layer, the light-emitting layer 41 and the cathode layer 42 in the light-emitting device layer 40 from coming into contact with water and oxygen in the air, thereby shortening the service life of the display panel 1. The encapsulation layer 50 may include a first inorganic encapsulation layer 50, a first organic encapsulation layer 50 and a second inorganic encapsulation layer 50 stacked on the pixel definition layer 30. The materials of the first inorganic encapsulation layer 50 and the second inorganic encapsulation layer 50 include, but are not limited to, silicon nitride, silicon oxide or silicon oxynitride. The material of the first organic encapsulation layer 50 includes, but is not limited to, polyacrylate.
[0031] The color filter layer 60 is disposed on the side of the light-emitting device layer 40 away from the substrate 10. The color filter layer 60 includes a first color resist layer 61 and a second color resist layer 62 disposed on the side of the first color resist layer 61 away from the substrate 10. The first color resist layer 61 includes a first filter portion 611 and a first dimming portion 612. The second color resist layer 62 includes a second filter portion 621 and a second dimming portion 622. The first filter portion 611 and the second filter portion 621 are both located within the light-transmitting area 100 and have an overlap portion 64 with the corresponding light-emitting unit 400, so that the light emitted by the light-emitting unit 400 can be emitted through the corresponding filter portion.
[0032] Both the first dimming unit 612 and the second dimming unit 622 are located within the non-transparent area 200, and the color of the first dimming unit 612 is different from the color of the second dimming unit 622. By superimposing different colored color resists within the non-transparent area 200, effective light blocking of the non-transparent area 200 is achieved, preventing light leakage and reducing light interference between adjacent light-emitting units 400, thereby improving the contrast and color accuracy of the display panel 1.
[0033] It is understood that by providing the first dimming part 612 and the second dimming part 622 located in the non-transparent area 200 in the color filter layer 60, color resists of different colors are stacked in the non-transparent area 200 along the thickness direction of the display panel 1, thereby achieving multiple absorption and suppression of ambient light and stray light, replacing the light-shielding function of the black matrix in related technologies. This not only simplifies the manufacturing process of the display panel 1 and reduces the number of photomasks used, but also helps to reduce manufacturing costs.
[0034] Meanwhile, the first color resist layer 61 and the second color resist layer 62 are arranged in the light-transmitting area 100 and the non-light-transmitting area 200, so that the color filter layer 60 can simultaneously perform light filtering and light blocking functions in the same layer structure, which reduces the number of functional layers in the structure and provides a basis for further optimization of the optical performance and power consumption of the display panel 1.
[0035] It should be noted that the aforementioned "overlapping portion 64 points" refers to the fact that the first filter portion 611 and the second filter portion 621 have a projection overlap relationship with the corresponding light-emitting unit 400 in the thickness direction of the display panel 1. That is, the orthographic projection of the first filter portion 611 on the substrate 10 overlaps or at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the corresponding light-emitting unit 400 on the substrate 10, and the orthographic projection of the second filter portion 621 on the substrate 10 overlaps or at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the corresponding light-emitting unit 400 on the substrate 10. The "overlapping portion 64 points" only indicates the corresponding coincidence relationship in position and does not limit the contact method or connection method between the two.
[0036] Furthermore, the length direction of the display panel 1 is defined as the first direction X, the width direction of the display panel 1 is defined as the second direction Y, and the thickness direction of the display panel 1 is defined as the third direction Z; wherein, the first direction X, the second direction Y, and the third direction Z respectively correspond to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The X, Y, and Z directions.
[0037] Furthermore, in a direction perpendicular to the substrate 10, the second dimming part 622 covers the edge of the first dimming part 612, thereby forming a light-shielding structure by superimposing the second dimming part 622 and the first dimming part 612 along the thickness direction of the display panel 1 within the non-transparent area 200. This avoids light leakage or stray light emission caused by direct exposure of the edge of the first dimming part 612, which helps to improve the light-shielding consistency of the edge of the non-transparent area 200 and improve the appearance quality of the display panel 1.
[0038] Specifically, the refractive index of the second color resist layer 62 is greater than that of the first color resist layer 61, causing light to be refracted when it propagates from the first color resist layer 61 to the second color resist layer 62 and guided into a medium with a higher refractive index. This suppresses the lateral diffusion and scattering of light at the edge of the light-transmitting area 100, and causes more light emitted by the light-emitting unit 400 to propagate along the forward emission direction of the display panel 1, thereby improving the light emission efficiency of the display panel 1, reducing the screen-off reflectivity of the display panel 1, and reducing power consumption.
[0039] It should be noted that the fact that the second dimming part 622 covers the edge of the first dimming part 612 in the direction perpendicular to the substrate 10 is only for illustrative purposes. In another embodiment, when the first dimming part 612 is located near the boundary of the light-transmitting area 100 in the non-transparent area 200, at least a portion of the second filter part 621 in the second color resist layer 62 is located at the boundary of the light-transmitting area 100, and the edge of the second filter part 621 covers the edge of the first dimming part 612, thereby forming a continuous covering structure at the junction of the light-transmitting area 100 and the non-transparent area 200 to suppress light leakage or stray light that may be generated at the boundary of the light-transmitting area 100.
[0040] Please continue to combine Figures 1 to 4 In one embodiment, the color filter layer 60 further includes a third color resist layer 63, which is disposed on the side of the first color resist layer 61 near the substrate 10. The third color resist layer 63 includes a third filter portion 631 and a third dimming portion 632. The third filter portion 631 is located within the light-transmitting area 100 and overlaps with the corresponding light-emitting unit 400 by a portion 64. The third dimming portion 632 is located within the light-blocking area 200. The colors of the first color resist layer 61, the second color resist layer 62, and the third color resist layer 63 are different.
[0041] Specifically, the colors of the first color resist layer 61, the second color resist layer 62, and the third color resist layer 63 are any one of red, green, and blue, and the three colors are different from each other. In this embodiment, the first color resist layer 61 is a green color resist layer, the second color resist layer 62 is a blue color resist layer, and the third color resist layer 63 is a red color resist layer, so as to facilitate understanding and illustration of the optical structure of the display panel 1.
[0042] It should be noted that the above color combinations do not constitute a limitation of this application. The arrangement order and specific colors of the first color resist layer 61, the second color resist layer 62 and the third color resist layer 63 can be adjusted according to actual design requirements to adapt to different configurations of the light-emitting unit 400 or color display needs.
[0043] It is understood that by sequentially stacking the third color resist layer 63, the first color resist layer 61, and the second color resist layer 62 in the color filter layer 60 along the thickness direction of the display panel 1, the first filter portion 611, the second filter portion 621, and the third filter portion 631 are all located within the light-transmitting area 100 and have an overlap portion 64 with the corresponding light-emitting unit 400, thereby ensuring that the light emitted by the light-emitting unit 400 can be transmitted through the corresponding filter portion.
[0044] Furthermore, the color filter layer 60 can suppress ambient light reflection to a certain extent without the need for a polarizer. Therefore, by setting the color filter layer 60, the function of the polarizer in the display panel 1 in related technologies can be replaced, thereby reducing the transmittance loss caused by the polarizer, reducing ambient light reflection, and improving the brightness and screen contrast of the display panel 1.
[0045] It should be noted that the aforementioned "overlapping portion 64" refers to the fact that the third filter portion 631 and the corresponding light-emitting unit 400 have a projection overlap relationship in the thickness direction of the display panel 1. That is, the orthographic projection of the third filter portion 631 on the substrate 10 overlaps or at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the corresponding light-emitting unit 400 on the substrate 10. The third filter portion 631 and the corresponding light-emitting unit 400 can be arranged at intervals, and the two are not in direct contact in structure. The "overlapping portion 64" only indicates the corresponding coincidence relationship in position, and does not limit the contact method or connection method between the two.
[0046] Furthermore, the refractive index of the third color resist layer 63 is less than that of the first color resist layer 61, thereby forming an optical path that gradually changes from low refractive index to high refractive index in the color filter layer 60 along the direction from the light-emitting layer 41 to the color filter layer 60.
[0047] Specifically, when the light emitted from the light-emitting layer 41 passes through the color filter layer 60, the light passes through layers with progressively increasing refractive indices (the refractive index of the third color resist layer 63 < the refractive index of the first color resist layer 61 < the refractive index of the second color resist layer 62), and is refracted and converged at the interfaces between the third color resist layer 63 and the first color resist layer 61 and between the first color resist layer 61 and the second color resist layer 62. This causes the light to be deflected towards the normal direction of the layer with the higher refractive index, allowing the light to be concentrated and effectively emitted, thereby improving the forward light emission efficiency of the display panel 1 and enhancing the display brightness and image contrast of the display panel 1.
[0048] Simultaneously, when ambient light shines on the display panel 1, the incident light passes sequentially through the multi-layered structure of the second color resist layer 62, the first color resist layer 61, and the third color resist layer 63. That is, the ambient light passes through layers with progressively decreasing refractive indices (refractive index of the second color resist layer 62 > refractive index of the first color resist layer 61 > refractive index of the third color resist layer 63). During this process, the light refracts in directions other than the normal at each interface, causing the light to gradually deviate from its original incident direction. After passing through the superposition of multiple layers, a light divergence effect is produced. At the same time, the dimming section located in the non-transparent area 200 absorbs the incident light, further weakening the ambient light intensity. Thus, through the combination of refraction and absorption, the reflection of ambient light on the display panel 1 can be effectively reduced, decreasing the reflected brightness in the screen-off state and suppressing stray light interference, thereby improving the color performance and image contrast of the display panel 1.
[0049] It is understandable that by setting a multi-layer dimming section with different colors and gradually changing refractive index along the thickness direction in the non-transparent area 200, not only can the specular reflection and edge reflection formed by ambient light in the non-transparent area 200 be weakened, but also the abnormal refraction or scattering of light at the junction of the transparent area 100 and the non-transparent area 200 can be suppressed. This reduces the screen-off reflectivity of the display panel 1 and improves the forward light emission efficiency, thereby reducing the driving power consumption required by the display panel 1 to achieve the same display effect while ensuring display brightness and screen contrast.
[0050] Furthermore, the refractive index of the third color resist layer 63 is greater than or equal to 1.5 and less than or equal to 1.65; the refractive index of the first color resist layer 61 is greater than or equal to 1.55 and less than or equal to 1.7; and the refractive index of the second color resist layer 62 is greater than or equal to 1.6 and less than or equal to 1.75. The refractive index of the second color resist layer 62 is greater than that of the first color resist layer 61, and the refractive index of the first color resist layer 61 is greater than that of the third color resist layer 63. This allows the desired beam guiding conditions or total internal reflection conditions to be formed at the interlayer interfaces between the second color resist layer 62 and the first color resist layer 61, and between the first color resist layer 61 and the third color resist layer 63.
[0051] It is understandable that when the light emitted by the light-emitting unit 400 enters the color filter layer 60 along the thickness direction of the display panel 1, the light will be deflected towards the normal direction as it enters the layer with a higher refractive index from the layer with a lower refractive index. This will form a progressively converging light path inside the color filter layer 60, which is beneficial to improving the forward emission ratio of the light. When some light is incident at a large angle to the interlayer interface with a sudden change in refractive index, total internal reflection or controlled reflection can occur at the interface, so that the light is redirected back to the forward emission direction, thereby reducing lateral leakage and ineffective light emission, and further reducing the power consumption of the display panel 1.
[0052] Furthermore, the materials of the first color resist layer 61, the second color resist layer 62, and the third color resist layer 63 can all be made of low-temperature negative photoresist materials. Along the thickness direction of the display panel 1, the cross-sectional structure of the first color resist layer 61, the second color resist layer 62, and the third color resist layer 63 all exhibit a trapezoidal structure that is wider at the bottom and narrower at the top, with a taper angle of 60 degrees. Since low-temperature negative photoresist naturally forms a positive taper cross-section after exposure and development, the trapezoidal structure can create a smooth optical transition interface at the edge of the color resist layer, reducing light scattering and reflection anomalies caused by abrupt changes in film layers or steep edge structures. It also helps improve the interlayer bonding stability and process consistency between the color resist layers.
[0053] Meanwhile, a planarization layer 70 may also be disposed on the color filter layer 60. The planarization layer 70 is disposed on the side of the second color resist layer 62 away from the substrate 10, and the refractive index of the planarization layer is greater than the refractive index of the second color resist layer 62. Specifically, the refractive index of the planarization layer is greater than 1.75. By forming an interface with a higher refractive index difference between the second color resist layer 62 and the planarization layer, the optical coupling and light-gathering effect of the multi-layer interface can be further enhanced, so that the light emitted from the color filter layer 60 is more concentrated within the forward viewing angle range of the display panel 1, thereby obtaining higher brightness output under the same driving current conditions.
[0054] Please continue to combine Figures 1 to 4 In one embodiment, the first filter 611 is connected to its adjacent first dimming part 612, the second filter 621 is connected to its adjacent second dimming part 622, and the third filter 631 is connected to its adjacent third dimming part 632, thereby forming a tight and continuous optical unit structure in the thickness direction and the length direction of the display panel 1, which can ensure a smoother transition between the light-transmitting area 100 and the non-light-transmitting area 200, thereby avoiding light leakage or stray light interference.
[0055] It is understandable that by connecting the filter portion of each color resist layer with the corresponding dimming portion, the light-blocking effect of each color resist layer in the non-transparent area 200 can be enhanced, making it easier for ambient light to be absorbed or deflected by the multi-layer dimming portion when incident, further reducing the screen reflectivity when the screen is off.
[0056] Meanwhile, the close connection between the filter section and the dimming section can also ensure the stability of the relative positions of each color resist layer during the manufacturing process, improve the reliability and consistency of the process, and reduce optical performance deviations caused by photomask alignment errors or uneven edges of the color resist.
[0057] Furthermore, the connection design between the filter section and the dimming section not only enables the effective emission of light rays within the light-transmitting area 100, but also further suppresses ambient light reflection in the non-light-transmitting area 200, improving the uniformity and contrast of the display panel 1. At the same time, it optimizes the optical performance of the display panel 1 and improves the process yield and product stability.
[0058] Please continue to combine Figures 1 to 4 In one embodiment, the plurality of light-emitting units 400 includes a first light-emitting unit 401, a second light-emitting unit 402, and a third light-emitting unit 403, wherein the first light-emitting unit 401, the second light-emitting unit 402, and the third light-emitting unit 403 are respectively used to emit light of different colors; wherein, the first filter 611 is disposed corresponding to the first light-emitting unit 401, the second filter 621 is disposed corresponding to the second light-emitting unit 402, and the third filter 631 is disposed corresponding to the third light-emitting unit 403.
[0059] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the first light-emitting unit 401 is a green light-emitting unit, the second light-emitting unit 402 is a blue light-emitting unit, and the third light-emitting unit 403 is a red light-emitting unit, as an example for explanation, so as to facilitate understanding and illustration of the optical structure of the display panel 1.
[0060] The third color resist layer 63 has a first opening 63A and a second opening 63B, the first opening 63A corresponding to the first light-emitting unit 401, and the second opening 63B corresponding to the second light-emitting unit 402; the first color resist layer 61 has a third opening 61A and a fourth opening 61B, the third opening 61A corresponding to the third light-emitting unit 403, and the fourth opening 61B corresponding to the second light-emitting unit 402; the second color resist layer 62 has a fifth opening 62A and a sixth opening 62B, the fifth opening 62A corresponding to the third light-emitting unit 403, and the sixth opening 62B corresponding to the first light-emitting unit 401; wherein, the first filter portion 611 fills the first opening 63A in the third color resist layer 63; the second filter portion 621 fills the fourth opening 61B in the first color resist layer 61 and the second opening 63B in the third color resist layer 63.
[0061] It is understood that by setting corresponding openings for different light-emitting units 400 in different color resist layers, each light-emitting unit 400 corresponds to only one filter part in the color filter layer 60 that matches its light emission color. Color resist layers of colors that do not correspond to it are covered on top of it by not opening holes or forming dimming parts. Thus, an optical structure of "single-layer filtering and other layers blocking" is formed in the light-transmitting area 100. This can effectively ensure that the light emitted by the light-emitting unit 400 is mainly emitted through the corresponding filter part, reducing the absorption loss of effective light emission due to the superposition of multiple color resist layers.
[0062] Furthermore, by filling the first filter portion 611 and the second filter portion 621 into the corresponding openings of different color resist layers, a light-shielding structure consisting of multiple dimming portions stacked along the thickness direction of the display panel 1 can be formed in the non-transparent area 200 using the unopened color resist layer without introducing an independent black matrix structure. This achieves multiple absorption and suppression of ambient light and stray light. At the same time, it simplifies the manufacturing process of the color filter layer 60, reduces the number of photomasks, and also reduces material and manufacturing costs.
[0063] Furthermore, the size of the fifth opening 62A is smaller than the size of the third opening 61A, and the size of the sixth opening 62B is larger than the size of the first opening 63A. By differentiating the opening sizes of the same light-emitting unit 400 in different color resist layers, the opening positions of each color resist layer in the thickness direction of the display panel 1 exhibit a gradually converging or gradually enlarging structural relationship, thereby forming an optical channel structure with an enveloping relationship within the light-transmitting area 100, which can ensure that the light emitted by the light-emitting unit 400 is emitted smoothly.
[0064] Specifically, since the size of the fifth opening 62A is smaller than the size of the third opening 61A, the second dimming part 622 covers the edge of the first dimming part 612, thereby forming a light-shielding overlap area between the edges of the second dimming part 622 and the first dimming part 612, which helps to suppress lateral light leakage and stray light from entering the light-transmitting area 100. At the same time, since the size of the sixth opening 62B is larger than the size of the first opening 63A, the second dimming part 622 can avoid blocking the emitted light of the light-emitting unit 400 corresponding to the filter part below it, ensuring that the emitted light propagates smoothly between different color resist layers and improving the forward light emission efficiency of the display panel 1.
[0065] Furthermore, the size of the fourth opening 61B is greater than or equal to the size of the second opening 63B, so that the second color resist layer 62 at the corresponding position will not excessively cover the third color resist layer 63, reducing the superposition and shading of the edges of multiple color resist layers in the light-transmitting area 100, avoiding the reduction of the effective light-emitting area due to opening misalignment or insufficient size, which is conducive to maintaining the light emission consistency between different color light-emitting units, and further improving the brightness uniformity and display stability of the display panel 1.
[0066] Please continue to combine Figures 1 to 4 In one embodiment, at least two of the first dimming unit 612, the second dimming unit 622, and the third dimming unit 632 form an overlapping portion 64 in the thickness direction of the display panel 1; the light-emitting device layer 40 includes a first electrode layer 420, the edge of the orthographic projection of the first electrode layer 420 on the substrate 10 does not overlap with the edge of the orthographic projection of the overlapping portion 64 on the substrate 10, thereby avoiding the formation of a completely corresponding reflective interface between the first electrode layer 420 and the overlapping portion 64 in the thickness direction of the display panel 1, and reducing the possibility that ambient light will be reflected again to the surface of the display panel 1 after being reflected by the overlapping area of the dimming unit.
[0067] Specifically, the first electrode layer 420 can be a cathode layer 42. Since the cathode layer 42 is usually made of metal, it has a high reflectivity. When ambient light passes through the color filter layer 60 and is incident on the cathode layer 42, it is easy to undergo specular reflection on the cathode layer 42 and return along the original path, resulting in increased reflectivity in the screen-off state. To address this, this embodiment uses local patterning of the first electrode layer 420 as an auxiliary means to reduce the reflectivity at the corresponding position of the overlapping portion 64. The cathode patterning can be achieved using cathode patterning material (CPM) technology or laser drilling technology, and this embodiment does not impose any specific limitations on this.
[0068] Furthermore, the first electrode layer 420 has a plurality of breaks 421, which are disposed corresponding to the edges of the overlapping portion 64. The orthographic projection of the breaks 421 on the substrate 10 overlaps with the edge of the orthographic projection of the overlapping portion 64 on the substrate 10, thereby interrupting the continuous metal reflection path of the cathode layer 42 at the corresponding position of the overlapping portion 64, weakening the reflection intensity of ambient light after it is incident on the cathode layer 42 at the overlapping portion 64, and thus reducing the probability that the reflected light will pass through the color filter layer 60 again and be emitted to the surface of the display panel 1.
[0069] Specifically, the break 421 is located within the non-transparent area 200. The break 421 can be annular, and the annular break 421 extends circumferentially along the overlapping portion 64, so that the overlapping portion 64 is surrounded by the break 421. By setting the annular break 421, while maintaining the continuity of the cathode layer 42 in the transparent area 100, an effective reflective isolation zone is formed for the overlapping portion 64, so that the ambient light entering the non-transparent area 200 is weakened before reaching the cathode layer 42 or cannot be effectively reflected along the original path after reaching the cathode layer 42, further reducing the reflected brightness in the screen-off state.
[0070] It is understandable that by co-designing the overlapping portion 64 and the locally patterned structure of the cathode layer 42, the multi-layer dimming portion absorbs and attenuates ambient light. At the same time, by weakening the reflectivity of the cathode layer 42 at the corresponding position of the overlapping portion 64, the generation and return path of reflected light are suppressed. This ensures that even if there is an overlapping area of the dimming portion, the off-screen reflectivity of the display panel 1 will not increase. Furthermore, the cathode patterning is only set for a local area and does not affect the integrity of the cathode layer 42 of the light-transmitting area 100, which is beneficial to maintaining the brightness and power consumption performance of the display panel 1 while reducing reflectivity.
[0071] Furthermore, the display panel 1 also includes a touch layer 80, which is disposed between the encapsulation layer 50 and the color filter layer 60, and includes a plurality of touch units 81. The touch units 81 are disposed on the light-emitting side of the display panel 1 and are used to realize the acquisition and transmission of touch signals. The color filter layer 60 covers the touch units 81, thereby providing electrical isolation and protection for the touch units 81 and preventing external environmental factors from interfering with the touch signals.
[0072] Specifically, the first dimming part 612, the second dimming part 622 and the third dimming part 632 form an overlapping part 64 in the thickness direction of the display panel 1. The orthographic projection of the overlapping part 64 on the substrate 10 covers the orthographic projection of the touch part 81 on the substrate 10, thereby preventing the touch part 81 from being directly exposed in the light emission direction of the display panel 1. This effectively shields the reflected light and stray light generated by the touch structure and reduces the interference of the touch layer 80 on the display light path.
[0073] The technical solution of this application will now be described in conjunction with specific embodiments.
[0074] Example 1 provides a display panel 1, which includes a substrate 10, a driving circuit layer 20, a pixel definition layer 30, a light-emitting device layer 40, an encapsulation layer 50, a touch layer 80, and a color filter layer 60 stacked together.
[0075] The light-emitting device layer 40 includes a plurality of light-emitting units 400 spaced apart, the plurality of light-emitting units 400 including blue light-emitting units, green light-emitting units and red light-emitting units; the color filter layer 60 includes a first color resist layer 61, a second color resist layer 62 and a third color resist layer 63 stacked on the encapsulation layer 50, the first color resist layer 61 includes a first filter part 611 and a first dimming part 612, the second color resist layer 62 includes a second filter part 621 and a second dimming part 622, and the third color resist layer 63 includes a third filter part 631 and a third dimming part 632.
[0076] The first filter 611, the second filter 621, and the third filter 631 are all located within the light-transmitting area 100 and have an overlap of 64 with the corresponding light-emitting unit 400; the first dimming part 612, the second dimming part 622, and the third dimming part 632 are all located within the non-light-transmitting area 200, and the colors of the first dimming part 612, the second dimming part 622, and the third dimming part 632 are different.
[0077] Comparative Example 1 provides a display panel, which includes a substrate, a driving circuit layer, a pixel definition layer, a light-emitting device layer, an encapsulation layer, a touch layer, and a color filter layer stacked together.
[0078] The light-emitting device layer includes a plurality of light-emitting units spaced apart; the color filter layer includes a color resist layer and a black matrix, the color resist layer includes a plurality of color resist blocks spaced apart, and the black matrix has a plurality of first grooves; wherein, one color resist block is disposed in a corresponding first groove, and one color resist block is disposed opposite to a corresponding light-emitting unit, so that the light emission paths of the light-emitting units of different colors pass through the color resist blocks of corresponding colors respectively, thereby achieving the desired color filtering effect.
[0079] In conjunction with Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, to verify the reflectivity, hue control, and power consumption performance of the technical solution provided in this application under the screen-off state of the display panel, a comprehensive simulation analysis of the reflectivity and energy efficiency of the above-mentioned display panels with different structures was performed; the simulation results are shown in Table 1:
[0080] Specifically, the optical simulation establishes an optical model based on the stacked structure of the display panel, the optical parameters of each functional layer, and the spectral characteristics of the light-emitting units. By simulating the comprehensive reflection spectrum of ambient light incident from the light-emitting side of the display panel, after reflection, absorption, and transmission in each layer, the reflective optical performance of different display panel structures in the screen-off state is obtained. The ambient light can be regarded as a white light source with a continuous spectral distribution, used to simulate external incident light in daily use environments.
[0081] Based on the obtained reflection spectrum, the comprehensive optical properties of the reflected light are quantitatively characterized. For hue characteristics, the CIE L*a*b color space is used for evaluation. It should be noted that the CIE La*b* color space is a color representation system proposed by the International Commission on Illumination (CIE) that is highly correlated with human visual perception. Here, a* represents the chromaticity components from green to red; a larger a* value indicates a stronger red component, and a smaller (or negative) a* value indicates a stronger green component. b* represents the chromaticity components from blue to yellow; a larger b* value indicates a stronger yellow component, and a smaller (or negative) b* value indicates a stronger blue component. In the evaluation of reflected hue, the closer the a* and b* values are to zero, the closer the comprehensive hue of the reflected light is to a neutral color, reflecting a more uniform appearance and less color cast in the screen-off state of the display panel 1.
[0082] Simultaneously, based on the obtained reflection spectrum, the comprehensive optical properties of the reflected light are quantitatively characterized. First, the reflectivity is calculated by weighted integration of the reflection spectrum in the visible light band (typically 380 nm to 780 nm). This value reflects the overall reflectivity of the display panel 1 to incident ambient light; the lower the value, the weaker the visual interference caused by ambient light in the screen-off state.
[0083] In addition, to comprehensively evaluate the overall performance of the display panel, a power consumption simulation analysis is also included in Table 1. This power consumption simulation refers to the total electrical power consumed by the internal circuitry and light-emitting units of the simulated display panel 1 when it is driven to a specific standard brightness (such as maximum brightness or typical usage brightness) in an active display state. To facilitate a direct comparison of the energy efficiency differences between different solutions, this simulation uses the power consumption of Comparative Example 1 as a baseline (set to 100%), and calculates and lists the relative power consumption percentage of Example 1.
[0084] Specifically, reflection optics simulations were performed on Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 under the same ambient light incident conditions, observation direction, and spectral calculation standards. Their reflection spectra were extracted, and the corresponding reflectance and chromaticity parameters (a*, b*) were calculated. Simultaneously, power consumption simulations were performed under the same electrical boundary conditions and operating states. By comparing the reflectance, chromaticity parameters (a*, b*), and operating power consumption of different display panel structures in Table 1, the actual effectiveness of each technical solution can be comprehensively evaluated from two dimensions: visual appearance (screen-off reflection intensity and color shift) and energy efficiency.
[0085] By comparing and analyzing the reflectivity, a* value, b* value, and power consumption of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, the comprehensive technical effects achieved by the color filter layer used in this application in terms of screen-off reflection control, reflective hue stability, and energy efficiency can be intuitively reflected.
[0086] Specifically, compared with Comparative Example 1, which uses a traditional "color resist layer and black matrix" structure, the reflectivity of Example 1 in the screen-off state is reduced from 6.57% to 6.33%. This indicates that by setting a light-shielding structure formed by superimposing different color dimming parts in the non-transparent area 200, and combining the refractive index gradient and absorption characteristics between multiple color resist layers, this application effectively weakens the multiple reflection paths of ambient light in the color film layer and the film layer below it, thereby reducing the reflection intensity of the display panel.
[0087] Meanwhile, regarding the reflectance hue parameters, the a* value in Example 1 decreased from 0.97 to 0.49, and the b* value decreased from... 3.78 significantly improved to The values of 0.74 are significantly closer to zero, indicating that in the screen-off state, the overall hue of the reflected light in Example 1 is closer to a neutral color, and the color deviation is significantly reduced.
[0088] Furthermore, the power consumption simulation results in active display mode show that the relative power consumption of Example 1 is 94.7%, which is significantly lower than that of Comparative Example 1 (100%). This indicates that, while ensuring display brightness and color display effects, the color filter layer proposed in this application can reduce the driving power required by the light-emitting unit by improving light utilization efficiency and reducing ineffective reflection and stray light loss, thereby achieving better energy efficiency.
[0089] Please combine Figures 1 to 5 This embodiment also provides a display device 2, which includes the display panel 1 described in any of the above embodiments; wherein, the display device 2 may further include a middle frame 21, which is integrated with the display panel 1 to provide support, fixation and protection for the display panel 1.
[0090] It is understood that the display panel 1 has been described in detail in the above embodiments and will not be described again here; in particular, since the display device 2 adopts all the technical solutions of the above embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, and will not be described in detail here.
[0091] In specific applications, the display device 2 can be at least one of the following devices with display functions: smartphone, tablet computer, mobile phone, video phone, e-book reader, desktop computer, laptop computer, netbook, workstation, server, personal digital assistant, portable media player, MP3 player, mobile medical device, camera, game console, digital camera, car navigation system, electronic billboard, ATM or wearable device.
[0092] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.
[0093] The above provides a detailed description of a display panel and display device provided in the embodiments of this application. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the technical solutions and core ideas of this application. Those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. These modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.
Claims
1. A display panel, characterized in that, The display panel includes a light-transmitting area and a non-light-transmitting area located on at least one side of the light-transmitting area. Base; A light-emitting device layer is disposed on one side of the substrate, and the light-emitting device layer includes a plurality of light-emitting units, the light-emitting units being located within the light-transmitting area; A color filter layer is disposed on the side of the light-emitting device layer away from the substrate. The color filter layer includes a first color resist layer and a second color resist layer disposed on the side of the first color resist layer away from the substrate. The first color resist layer includes a first filter portion and a first dimming portion. The second color resist layer includes a second filter portion and a second dimming portion. The first filter portion and the second filter portion are both located in the light-transmitting area and have overlapping portions with the corresponding light-emitting units. The first dimming portion and the second dimming portion are both located in the non-light-transmitting area, and the second dimming portion or the second filter portion covers the edge of the first dimming portion. The refractive index of the second color resist layer is greater than that of the first color resist layer.
2. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The color filter layer further includes a third color resist layer, which is disposed on the side of the first color resist layer near the substrate. The third color resist layer includes a third filter section and a third dimming section. The third filter section is located in the light-transmitting area and has an overlapping portion with the corresponding light-emitting unit. The third dimming section is located in the non-light-transmitting area. The colors of the first color resist layer, the second color resist layer, and the third color resist layer are different.
3. The display panel according to claim 2, characterized in that, The refractive index of the third color resist layer is less than that of the first color resist layer.
4. The display panel according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first filter unit is connected to its adjacent first dimming unit, the second filter unit is connected to its adjacent second dimming unit, and the third filter unit is connected to its adjacent third dimming unit.
5. The display panel according to claim 4, characterized in that, The plurality of light-emitting units include a first light-emitting unit, a second light-emitting unit, and a third light-emitting unit. The first filter is disposed corresponding to the first light-emitting unit, the second filter is disposed corresponding to the second light-emitting unit, and the third filter is disposed corresponding to the third light-emitting unit. The third color resist layer has a first opening and a second opening, the first opening being disposed corresponding to the first light-emitting unit and the second opening being disposed corresponding to the second light-emitting unit; The first color resist layer has a third opening and a fourth opening, the third opening being configured to correspond to the third light-emitting unit, and the fourth opening being configured to correspond to the second light-emitting unit; The second color resist layer has a fifth opening and a sixth opening, the fifth opening being configured to correspond to the third light-emitting unit, and the sixth opening being configured to correspond to the first light-emitting unit; The first filter portion fills the first opening, and the second filter portion fills the fourth opening and the second opening.
6. The display panel according to claim 5, characterized in that, The fifth opening is smaller than the third opening, and the sixth opening is larger than the first opening.
7. The display panel according to claim 2, characterized in that, At least two of the first dimming unit, the second dimming unit, and the third dimming unit form an overlapping portion in the thickness direction of the display panel; The light-emitting device layer includes a first electrode layer, wherein the orthographic projection of the first electrode layer on the substrate does not overlap with the edge of the orthographic projection of the overlapping portion on the substrate.
8. The display panel according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first electrode layer has multiple breaks, each break corresponding to the edge of an overlapping portion, and the orthographic projection of the break on the substrate overlaps with the edge of the orthographic projection of the overlapping portion on the substrate.
9. The display panel according to claim 2, characterized in that, The colors of the first color resist layer, the second color resist layer, and the third color resist layer are all different from each other, namely red, green, and blue.
10. A display device, characterized in that, Includes the display panel as described in any one of claims 1-9.