Trephine device for spine endoscopic surgery

Abstract

The trephine device comprises a saw head, a trephine column body, a driving part and a protective sleeve, the trephine column body is arranged in the protective sleeve in a penetrating mode, the saw head is arranged at the bottom end of the trephine column body, the driving part is connected with the trephine column body, a mounting frame is arranged at the top end of the protective sleeve, a feeding sleeve is arranged on the mounting frame, and the trephine column body is connected with the feeding sleeve. The trephine column body is arranged in the feeding sleeve in a penetrating mode, a handle is arranged on one side of the installation frame, a trigger is hinged to the handle, the feeding sleeve is sleeved with a pushing piece, one end of the trigger abuts against the pushing piece, the feeding sleeve is sleeved with a first spring and a second spring, a non-return piece is hinged to the top of the installation frame, and the feeding sleeve is sleeved with the middle of the non-return piece. The trigger is pulled by fingers to drive the feeding sleeve to slide downwards, the trephine column body is driven to move axially, the saw head extends out of the protection sleeve, and continuous micro-feeding cutting is achieved; and the feeding sleeve cannot freely return through the non-return piece, so that the problems that the feeding force of a traditional trephine is difficult to control and the traditional trephine is easy to return are effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of orthopedic medical device technology, specifically to a trephine device for spinal endoscopic surgery. Background Technology

[0002] Spinal endoscopic surgery, as a minimally invasive surgical technique, has been widely used in the treatment of spinal diseases such as cervical and lumbar spine disorders due to its advantages of minimal trauma, rapid recovery, and clear visualization. The trephine saw is a core instrument used during surgery to cut diseased tissues such as vertebral bodies and intervertebral discs, and its performance directly affects surgical precision, safety, and treatment outcomes. However, most existing trephine saws rely on hand-held downward pressure for cutting, depending on the surgeon's feel, and the feed force is difficult to control. Furthermore, the saw head tends to retract after the surgeon releases the grip, making continuous micro-feed cutting impossible.

[0003] For example, Chinese patent application publication number CN121081061A discloses an extra-endoscopic rotary bone-grinding device for spinal endoscopic surgery. This device includes a handpiece and a drive assembly locked to its outer end. A shaft is axially connected to the drive end of the drive assembly, and a grinding head is integrally formed at the outer end of the shaft. The outer circumference of the grinding head has several interlaced molars, and the outer end is equipped with a toothed ring saw. A protective sleeve is fitted over the outer wall of the shaft, and an injection component is located within the inner layer of the protective sleeve. A debris-catching component is integrally formed between the inner wall of the protective sleeve and the outer wall of the shaft. The inner ring wall of the debris-catching component is interference-fitted with the outer wall of the shaft, and one end of the inner ring is gap-fitted with the outer wall of the grinding head. When using this device, the surgeon presses down on the handpiece to advance the toothed ring saw at the outer end of the grinding head towards the target bony tissue in the spinal canal stenosis area of ​​the L4-L5 segment of the lumbar spine for circumferential cutting. However, directly pressing down on the handpiece while simultaneously rotating and feeding axially is difficult to control, resulting in insufficient feed accuracy and a risk of over-cutting. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main objective of this invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a trephine device for spinal endoscopic surgery to solve the problems mentioned in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention proposes a trephine device for spinal endoscopic surgery, comprising a saw head, a trephine column, a drive component, and a protective sleeve. The trephine column passes through the protective sleeve, the saw head is fixedly mounted at the bottom end of the trephine column, the drive component is connected to the top end of the trephine column, the trephine column has an endoscope through-hole along its axis, the top end of the protective sleeve has a mounting frame, a feed sleeve is slidably mounted on the mounting frame, the upper part of the trephine column passes through the feed sleeve, and a handle is provided on one side of the mounting frame. A trigger is hinged to the handle, a push plate is fitted on the feed sleeve, one end of the trigger abuts against the upper end of the push plate, a first spring is fitted on the feed sleeve, the upper end of the first spring abuts against the bottom surface of the push plate, and the lower end of the first spring abuts against the mounting frame, a second spring is fitted on the feed sleeve, a check plate is hinged to the top of the mounting frame, the middle part of the check plate is fitted on the feed sleeve, the upper end of the second spring abuts against the check plate, and the lower end of the second spring abuts against the top of the mounting frame.

[0006] To further optimize the technical solution, the upper and lower ends of the feed sleeve are respectively provided with bearing seats, and the bearing seats are respectively provided with thrust bearings that cooperate with and connect to the ring saw column.

[0007] To further optimize the technical solution, the bearing seat located at the lower end of the feed sleeve is provided with a first guide bar horizontally, and the mounting frame is provided with a first guide groove corresponding to the first guide bar.

[0008] To further optimize the technical solution, the bearing seat is provided with a second guide bar symmetrically arranged with the first guide bar, the mounting frame is provided with an elongated hole corresponding to the second guide bar, one end of the second guide bar extends from the elongated hole beyond the side wall of the mounting frame, and a fixed-depth slider perpendicular to the elongated hole is slidably provided on the side wall of the mounting frame, and a positioning bolt is provided on the fixed-depth slider.

[0009] To further optimize the technical solution, the depth-fixed slider has a U-shaped structure, the opening of the depth-fixed slider is provided with guide blocks extending in opposite directions, and the two side walls of the mounting frame are respectively provided with second guide grooves parallel to the elongated hole, and the guide blocks extend into the second guide grooves.

[0010] To further optimize the technical solution, a first scale is provided on the side wall of the mounting frame along the edge of the elongated hole.

[0011] To further optimize the technical solution, the bottom end of the protective sleeve is provided with an elastic sheath.

[0012] To further optimize the technical solution, the inner wall of the protective sleeve is provided with upward spiral blades, the inner circumference of the spiral blades is in contact with the outer circumferential surface of the ring saw column, and the upper surface of the spiral blades is provided with protruding barbs.

[0013] To further optimize the technical solution, the outer peripheral wall of the protective sleeve is provided with a threaded section, and a positioning plate is connected to the threaded section.

[0014] To further optimize the technical solution, a second scale is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the protective sleeve.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention include: by pulling the trigger with a finger, one end of the trigger abuts against the push plate, causing the feed sleeve to slide downwards, simultaneously driving the ring saw column to move axially, allowing the saw head to extend from the protective sleeve. At the same time, the drive component drives the saw head to rotate, gradually contacting the target tissue and performing rotary cutting. The first spring is compressed synchronously with the push plate as it is pressed down, playing an elastic buffering role and offsetting the instantaneous impact force of manual pressing. When the trigger is released, the check plate is pushed upwards under the action of the second spring, maintaining a close and inclined fit with the outer wall of the feed sleeve, preventing the feed sleeve from moving upwards and backing back freely. Continuing to pull the trigger will drive the feed sleeve to continue sliding downwards axially, achieving continuous micro-feed cutting. This solves the problems of difficult-to-control feed force and easy backing back in traditional ring saws. Moreover, this device adopts a handheld structure with a handle and hinged trigger, which conforms to the operating habits of doctors during surgery, reducing the difficulty of operation. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the ring saw device of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified view of a portion of point A in the middle.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the depth-fixed slider of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the spiral blades inside the protective sleeve of the present invention.

[0020] Reference numerals: 1. Saw head; 2. Ring saw column; 3. Drive component; 4. Protective sleeve; 5. Endoscope through hole; 6. Mounting frame; 7. Feed sleeve; 8. Handle; 9. Trigger; 10. Push plate; 11. First spring; 12. Second spring; 13. Check plate; 14. Shaft seat; 15. First guide bar; 16. First guide groove; 17. Second guide bar; 18. Long strip hole; 19. Depth slider; 20. Positioning bolt; 21. Guide block; 22. Second guide groove; 23. First scale; 24. Elastic sleeve; 25. Spiral blade; 26. Barb; 27. Threaded section; 28. Positioning plate; 29. ​​Second scale. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the technical problems, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0022] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on or indirectly on that other component. When a component is referred to as "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to or indirectly connected to that other component. Furthermore, a connection can be for both fixing and circuit connection purposes.

[0023] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0024] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of embodiments of the present invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified. Example 1

[0025] Please see Figures 1 to 4The trephine device for spinal endoscopic surgery disclosed in this embodiment includes a saw head 1, a trephine column 2, a drive component 3, and a protective sleeve 4. The trephine column 2 is rotatably inserted into the protective sleeve 4. The saw head 1 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the trephine column 2, and the saw head 1 and the trephine column 2 are integrally formed. The drive component 3 is connected to the top end of the trephine column 2 and is used to drive the trephine column 2 to rotate within the protective sleeve 4. The trephine column 2 has an endoscope through hole 5 along its axis. The top end of the protective sleeve 4 has a mounting frame 6, and a feed sleeve 7 is vertically slidable on the mounting frame 6. The upper part of the trephine column 2 is inserted into the feed sleeve 7 and can rotate within the feed sleeve 7, but the two cannot make relative axial displacement. That is, when the feed sleeve 7 slides up and down, it can synchronously drive the trephine column 2 within the protective sleeve 4. The sleeve 4 moves up and down, and the saw head 1 at the bottom can extend out from inside the protective sleeve 4. A handle 8 is provided on one side of the mounting frame 6, and a trigger 9 is hinged to the handle 8. A pusher 10 is fitted on the feed sleeve 7, and one end of the trigger 9 abuts against the upper end of the pusher 10. A first spring 11 is fitted on the body of the feed sleeve 7 located inside the mounting frame 6. The upper end of the first spring 11 abuts against the bottom surface of the pusher 10, and the lower end of the first spring 11 abuts against the mounting frame 6. A second spring 12 is fitted on the top body of the feed sleeve 7 located outside the mounting frame 6. A check plate 13 is hinged to the top of the mounting frame 6. The middle part of the check plate 13 is fitted on the feed sleeve 7. The upper end of the second spring 12 abuts against the bottom surface of the check plate 13, and the lower end of the second spring 12 abuts against the top of the mounting frame 6.Specifically, bearing seats 14 are fixed at both the upper and lower ends of the feed sleeve 7. Thrust bearings (not shown) are installed within the bearing seats 14 and are connected to the ring saw column 2. The thrust bearings are preferably ball bearings. The inner ring of the thrust bearing is interference-fitted with the shaft of the ring saw column 2, while the outer ring is interference-fitted with the inner wall of the bearing seat 14. When the feed sleeve 7 slides up and down, the bearing seat 14 drives the outer ring of the thrust bearing to move with the sleeve, and the inner ring synchronously drives the ring saw column 2 to move axially. This causes the saw head 1 at the bottom of the ring saw column 2 to extend or retract into the protective sleeve 4. Simultaneously, the drive unit 3 drives the ring saw column 2 to rotate, achieving linkage between rotary cutting and axial feeding. The drive unit 3 can be a miniature brushless DC motor with a gearbox, for example, a model combination of 3625BLDC+3. 7GB3525, with a rotation speed below 600 rpm and a torque above 100 mN·m, avoids high-speed circumferential cutting damage to the nerves and spinal cord; when using a brushless DC motor to drive the ring saw column 2 to rotate for cutting, a driven gear is fixedly provided on the outer periphery of the top of the ring saw column 2, and the output end of the miniature brushless DC motor is provided with a driving gear that meshes with the driven gear; of course, the drive component 3 can also be manually rotated to directly drive the ring saw column 2 to rotate for cutting. When driven manually, a handle for easy hand holding is provided on the top of the ring saw column 2 (not shown in the figure); the ring saw column 2 (endoscope through hole 5) is adapted to endoscopes with a viewing angle of 30°, a field of view of ≥80°, an outer diameter of ≥4.0 mm, and a working length of ≥175 mm, and the protective sleeve 4 has a length of ≥150 mm.In this embodiment, before using this trephine device, a puncture channel for the spine needs to be established first. Then, by holding the handle 8, the front end of the protective sleeve 4 is inserted along the puncture channel to fit the surgical incision site. The spinal endoscope is inserted into the trephine column 2 through the endoscope through-hole 5 and reaches the end of the saw head 1. The endoscope is used to observe and position the vertebral body / intervertebral disc tissue to be cut, ensuring that there are no nerves or blood vessels obstructing the cutting path. After confirming the alignment, the drive component 3 drives the trephine column 2 and the saw head 1 to rotate. The doctor pulls the trigger 9, and one end of the trigger 9 abuts against the push plate 10, causing the feed sleeve 7 to slide downward (when the trigger 9 presses down on one side of the push plate 10, the push plate 10 tilts, so that its inner wall is in contact with the feed sleeve 7). The outer walls are tightly fitted to form sufficient static friction. As trigger 9 continues to press down, the friction can stably drive the sleeve 7 to move (synchronously driving the ring saw column 2 axially), causing the saw head 1 to extend from the protective sleeve 4, gradually contacting the target tissue and performing rotary cutting. The first spring 11 compresses synchronously with the push plate 10 as it presses down, playing an elastic buffering role to offset the instantaneous impact force of manual pressing. The doctor can flexibly adjust the feed depth by controlling the trigger 9's pull stroke, achieving precise micro-feed operation. When trigger 9 is released, the first spring 11 releases elastic potential energy to push the push plate 10 upwards. The push plate 10 returns from its tilted state to a perpendicular position to the feed sleeve 7, waiting for the next pull. However, because the check plate 13 is in the second spring... Under the action of the spring 12's clamping force, it pushes upward, maintaining a tight, inclined fit with the outer wall of the feed sleeve 7, forming a one-way locking force that prevents the feed sleeve 7 from moving freely upward. (It should be noted that when the pusher 10 pushes the feed sleeve 7 downward, the downward axial force on the feed sleeve 7 can overcome the clamping force of the second spring 12, ensuring smooth feeding.) When the trigger 9 is pulled again, the end of the trigger 9 presses down on one side of the pusher 10, causing the pusher 10 to tilt again. Its inner wall tightly fits with the outer wall of the feed sleeve 7, forming sufficient static friction. Continuing to press down the trigger 9 will drive the feed sleeve 7 to continue sliding downward axially, achieving continuous micro-feed cutting and avoiding over-cutting. After each section of feed is completed, the check plate 13 always... The tilted locking feed sleeve 7 prevents the saw head 1 from retracting, ensuring a stable cutting depth. If the saw head 1 needs to be retracted into the protective sleeve 4, the other end of the check plate 13 must be manually pressed down to rotate it around the hinge point and compress the second spring 12. When the check plate 13 returns to its original position and is perpendicular to the feed sleeve 7, the locking state is released, and the feed sleeve 7 can be pulled upward to drive the ring saw column 2 and the saw head 1 to retract synchronously, achieving precise control of the cutting stroke and avoiding excessive cutting that could damage the nerves and blood vessels in the spinal canal. This completely solves the problems of difficult-to-control feed force and easy retraction of traditional ring saws. Moreover, this device adopts a hand-held structure with a handle 8 and a hinged trigger 9, which conforms to the operating habits of doctors during surgery, reducing the difficulty of operation.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment, a first guide bar 15 is horizontally provided on the outer wall of the bearing 14 located at the lower end of the feed sleeve 7, and a first guide groove 16 corresponding to the first guide bar 15 is provided on the inner side wall of the mounting frame 6. Specifically, the first guide bar 15 extends into the first guide groove 16 to form a guiding fit, restricting the movement trajectory of the feed sleeve 7, ensuring that it only slides axially in the vertical direction, without circumferential torsion or radial offset, further improving the straightness and stability of the feed action. Example 2

[0027] To achieve a fixed-depth cut and avoid excessive penetration that could damage nerves and blood vessels, this embodiment adds a second guide strip 17, an elongated hole 18, and a fixed-depth slider 19 to the design of Embodiment 1. Please refer to the following documentation. Figures 1 to 3In this embodiment, a second guide bar 17 is provided on the bearing seat 14, symmetrically arranged with the first guide bar 15, and an elongated hole 18 corresponding to the second guide bar 17 is provided on the mounting frame 6. One end of the second guide bar 17 extends out of the elongated hole 18 and beyond the side wall of the mounting frame 6. The first guide bar 15 and the second guide bar 17 restrict the circumferential torsion and radial offset of the feed sleeve 7 from both sides of the bearing seat 14, further ensuring that the feed sleeve 7 can only slide in the vertical direction. A depth-fixing slider 19 perpendicular to the elongated hole 18 is slidably provided on the side wall of the mounting frame 6. A positioning bolt 20 is provided on the depth-fixing slider 19. The depth-fixing slider 19 has a U-shaped structure. A guide block 21 extending in opposite directions is provided in the opening of the depth-fixing slider 19. A second guide groove 22 parallel to the elongated hole 18 is provided on each of the two side walls of the mounting frame 6. The guide block 21 extends into the second guide groove 22. A first scale 23 is provided on the side wall of the mounting frame 6 along the edge of the elongated hole 18. In the initial state, the saw head 1 is housed inside the protective sleeve 4, with its bottom end aligned with the bottom end of the protective sleeve 4. Before surgery, the surgeon can quickly move the depth-fixing slider 19 according to the planned surgical depth, referring to the first scale 23. Then, the positioning bolt 20 is rotated to abut against the side wall of the mounting frame 6 for positioning. When the feed sleeve 7 slides downwards, it causes the saw head 1 of the ring saw column 2 to extend from inside the protective sleeve 4 to the preset depth (the second guide bar 17 simultaneously slides downwards within the elongated hole 18). The second guide bar 17 then abuts against the depth-fixing slider 19, preventing the feed sleeve 7 from continuing to slide towards the other side. This achieves a precise match between the saw head 1's extension depth and the planned depth, completely eliminating depth deviation. This effectively solves the significant clinical risks of traditional trephine saws blindly drilling too deep under limited endoscopic vision, which can easily lead to excessive penetration and damage to nerves and blood vessels. It achieves safe depth control under visualization. At the same time, depth adjustment does not require complicated tools. Doctors only need to move the depth slider 19 according to the first scale 23, and then lock it against the side wall of the mounting frame 6 by rotating the positioning bolt 20. All operations can be completed with one hand. Moreover, the precise cooperation between the guide block 21 and the second guide groove 22 makes the depth slider 19 slide smoothly and without deviation from the trajectory. With the intuitive markings of the first scale 23, the depth setting can be completed quickly and accurately before surgery without taking up too much surgical time, effectively improving efficiency and meeting the needs of efficient and precise operation in clinical surgery.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment, the bottom end of the protective sleeve 4 is provided with an elastic sheath 24. Specifically, the elastic sheath 24 is made of flexible biocompatible materials such as medical silicone. When the protective sleeve 4 is inserted along the puncture channel and fits the surgical incision site, the elastic sheath 24 can flexibly fit with the surrounding soft tissue, avoiding the rigid edge of the protective sleeve 4 from squeezing or scratching the incision and paravertebral tissue, reducing the risk of tissue irritation and bleeding during the operation. At the same time, the initial state of the saw head 1 is flush with the elastic sheath 24. When it extends to cut, the elastic sheath 24 always fits with the tissue surface, isolating the saw head 1 blade from the surrounding nerve roots, dural sac and other key soft tissues, and can also block bone fragments from flying, avoiding secondary damage to the surrounding tissues and nerves, thus taking into account both protection and practicality. Example 3

[0029] To prevent bone and tissue fragments from obstructing the surgical field and to ensure timely removal of diseased tissue, this embodiment adds a spiral blade 25 and barbs 26 to the above embodiment. Please refer to [link to previous embodiment]. Figure 1 and Figure 4 In this embodiment, the inner wall of the protective sleeve 4 is provided with an upward spiral blade 25. The spiral blade 25 is integrally formed with the protective sleeve 4. The inner circumference of the spiral blade 25 is fitted with the outer circumferential surface of the ring saw column 2. The upper surface of the spiral blade 25 is provided with protruding barbs 26. By precisely fitting the inner circumference of the spiral blade 25 with the outer circumferential surface of the ring saw column 2, the rotational cutting and axial feeding action of the ring saw column 2 are not affected, and a closed conveying channel is formed to prevent bone fragments from leaking out from the gap. In this embodiment, the bone fragments and diseased tissue fragments generated by cutting will fall into the spiral channel formed by the spiral blade 25 and the side wall of the ring saw column 2. As the ring saw column 2 rotates at a constant speed, the spiral blade 25 generates an upward conveying force by means of relative motion, pushing the bone fragments and tissue fragments upward along the spiral channel and discharged from the top of the protective sleeve 4, avoiding accumulation in the surgical area and interfering with the field of vision. Meanwhile, during the upward transfer, the barbs 26 form a one-way limit to prevent tissue and bone fragments from falling back into the surgical area during the pushing process, further ensuring that the diseased tissue is completely removed from the body and maintaining a clear surgical field.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment, the outer peripheral wall of the protective sleeve 4 is provided with a threaded section 27, and a positioning plate 28 is connected to the threaded section 27. A second scale 29 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the protective sleeve 4 along its length. In use, the doctor can rotate the positioning plate 28 with reference to the second scale 29 to adjust the axial position of the positioning plate 28 on the protective sleeve 4, thereby controlling the depth of the protective sleeve 4 inserted into the puncture channel (after adjustment, the positioning plate 28 abuts against the patient's skin surface or the starting port of the puncture channel after the protective sleeve 4 is inserted into the correct position). The insertion depth of the protective sleeve 4 can be precisely matched with the surgical plan without the need for additional measuring tools, providing a stable benchmark for the saw head 1 to cut at a fixed depth and collect bone fragments, thereby improving operational efficiency and accuracy.

[0031] The above description provides a further detailed explanation of the present invention in conjunction with specific / preferred embodiments, and it should not be construed that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art, various substitutions or modifications can be made to these described embodiments without departing from the concept of the present invention, and all such substitutions or modifications should be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. In the description of this specification, the reference to terms such as "an embodiment," "some embodiments," "preferred embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicates that the specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples. Although the embodiments of the present invention and their advantages have been described in detail, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions, and modifications can be made herein without departing from the scope of protection of the patent application.

Claims

1. A trephine device for use in endoscopic spinal surgery, characterised in that: The application relates to a saw head, a ring saw cylinder, a driving member and a protective sleeve, the ring saw cylinder is arranged in the protective sleeve, the saw head is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the ring saw cylinder, the driving member is connected with the top end of the ring saw cylinder, the ring saw cylinder is provided with an inner mirror through hole along the axis, the top end of the protective sleeve is provided with a mounting frame, a feeding sleeve is slidably arranged on the mounting frame, the upper part of the ring saw cylinder is arranged in the feeding sleeve, a handle is arranged on one side of the mounting frame, a trigger is hinged to the handle, a push piece is sleeved on the feeding sleeve, one end of the trigger is in abutment with the upper end of the push piece, a first spring is sleeved on the feeding sleeve, the upper end of the first spring is in abutment with the bottom surface of the push piece, the lower end of the first spring is in abutment with the mounting frame, a second spring is sleeved on the feeding sleeve, a check piece is hinged to the top of the mounting frame, the middle part of the check piece is sleeved on the feeding sleeve, the upper end of the second spring is in abutment with the check piece, and the lower end of the second spring is in abutment with the top of the mounting frame.

2. The trephine device for endoscopic spinal surgery of claim 1, wherein: The upper and lower ends of the feeding sleeve are respectively provided with shaft seats, and the shaft seats are respectively provided with thrust bearings matched with the ring saw cylinder.

3. The trephine device for endoscopic spinal surgery of claim 2, wherein: The shaft seat at the lower end of the feeding sleeve is horizontally provided with a first guide strip, and the mounting frame is provided with a first guide groove corresponding to the first guide strip.

4. The trephine device for endoscopic spinal surgery of claim 3, wherein: The shaft seat is provided with a second guide strip symmetrically arranged with the first guide strip, the mounting frame is provided with a long hole corresponding to the second guide strip, one end of the second guide strip extends out of the long hole and beyond the side wall of the mounting frame, the side wall of the mounting frame is slidably provided with a depth setting sliding block perpendicular to the long hole, and the depth setting sliding block is provided with a positioning bolt.

5. The trephine system for use in endoscopic spinal surgery according to claim 4, wherein: The depth setting sliding block is in a U-shaped structure, the opening of the depth setting sliding block is provided with guide blocks extending towards each other, and the side walls of the mounting frame are respectively provided with second guide grooves parallel to the long hole.

6. The trephine system for use in endoscopic spinal surgery of claim 5, wherein: The side wall of the mounting frame is provided with a first scale along the edge of the long hole.

7. The trephine device for use in endoscopic spinal surgery according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The bottom end of the protective sleeve is provided with an elastic sheath.

8. The trephine system for use in endoscopic spinal surgery according to claim 7, wherein: The inner wall of the protective sleeve is provided with upwardly spirally arranged spiral blades, the inner periphery of the spiral blades is matched with the outer periphery of the ring saw cylinder, and the upper surface of the spiral blades is provided with protruding barbs.

9. The trephine system for use in endoscopic spinal surgery of claim 8, wherein: The outer periphery wall of the protective sleeve is provided with a threaded section, and a positioning disc is matched and connected with the threaded section.

10. The trephine device for endoscopic spinal surgery of claim 9, wherein: The outer periphery of the protective sleeve is provided with a second scale.

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