Magnetic type directional explosion suppression device

Abstract

The application relates to a magnetic type directional explosion suppression device, and belongs to the technical field of explosion safety protection. The device comprises a magnetic suction base, a main cylinder, a hydrogen leakage detection device, a gas production power cabin, a piston throwing assembly and a plurality of explosion suppression sub-balls pulled by a cable. A center pressure bearing column, a piston and the gas production power cabin are arranged in the main cylinder from top to bottom; the explosion suppression sub-balls are loaded in positioning grooves on the top of the piston, are connected with the top end of the center pressure bearing column through a distance pulling and releasing mechanism, and the top end is locked by a fixed pull ring. When working, a detector transmits a signal to trigger the gas production power cabin to work, and the piston pushes the sub-ball array to be thrown to a predetermined space; the cable is immediately straightened to pull out the sub-ball safety pin, triggers an internal pure mechanical type firing and gas generating mechanism, breaks the sealing film to release the explosion suppression agent, and forms a uniform three-dimensional explosion suppression cloud. The device has the advantages of convenient installation, rapid response, uniform release in the air and no dead angle coverage, and is especially suitable for directional active protection of hydrogen energy equipment cabins and other limited spaces.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a magnetically attracted, directionally dispensing explosion suppression device, which belongs to the field of safety engineering and explosion suppression technology. Background Technology

[0002] In potential explosion scenarios involving leaks of flammable gases such as hydrogen, active explosion suppression technology needs to uniformly fill the entire space with suppressant within milliseconds to inhibit the development of the explosion. Existing explosion suppression devices are mainly divided into two categories: active and passive. Taking active explosion suppression devices—fixed pipeline spraying systems—as an example, their built-in detectors detect signals such as pressure and light before the explosion and release the suppressant in advance through a central storage tank, pipelines, and nozzles. However, they suffer from problems such as complex installation, numerous blind spots in coverage, response speed affected by pipeline length, and spray uniformity affected by tank pressure. The other type is suspended fire extinguishing bombs, which are simple to deploy and easy to replace, but their function relies entirely on passive triggering by the explosion impact. They suffer from a series of problems such as bouncing after landing, inability to respond quickly, random dispersion of the suppressant after the explosion, small aerial coverage, poor uniformity, and inability to achieve targeted pre-intervention.

[0003] Therefore, there is a need to invent a new type of explosion suppression device that integrates convenient deployment, active triggering, rapid release, and large-scale uniform coverage in three-dimensional space to make up for the shortcomings of existing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides a magnetically attracted, directionally dispensing explosion suppression device. Through a sophisticated mechanical structure design, it reduces the risk of secondary explosions caused by electrical sparks and achieves instantaneous, synchronous, and large-scale uniform distribution of the explosion suppressant within the protected space.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this patent adopts the following technical solution: a magnetically attracted, directionally dispensing explosion suppression device, comprising a magnetic base, a main cylinder, a control module, a piston-launching assembly, and multiple explosion suppression sub-spheres. The magnetic base enables convenient installation, and the built-in detector completes signal sensing, linking with the electric igniter at the bottom of the main cylinder; the piston-launching assembly provides controllable initial kinetic energy to directionally launch the sub-sphere array; each sub-sphere acts as an independent explosion suppression unit, reliably opening when it reaches a preset position via a "fixed-distance release" mechanism, releasing the explosion suppressant in a purely mechanical, spark-free manner; ultimately, the synchronized action of multiple sub-spheres constitutes a three-dimensional explosion suppression cloud.

[0006] A magnetically attracted, directionally dispensing explosion suppression device includes: a magnetic base with a permanent magnet array at its bottom, a ventilation and detection hole on its side wall, a hydrogen concentration sensor inside the detection hole, and a control module integrated inside.

[0007] The main cylinder is vertically fixed to the magnetic base, and its inner wall has an upper limit step; the piston ejection assembly includes an annular piston slidably disposed in the main cylinder and a gas-generating power chamber located below the piston; the top of the annular piston is provided with multiple positioning grooves; the gas-generating power chamber includes an annular gas-generating propellant column, an annular ignition trough located at its bottom and an electric igniter in the center.

[0008] The central pressure-bearing column is fixed to the center of the magnetic base and extends upward, with an anchor pile and a fixing ring at its top.

[0009] Multiple explosion suppressor sub-balls are detachably disposed in the positioning groove; each explosion suppressor sub-ball includes a shell, an internal mechanical firing mechanism, a solid gas generation unit, an explosion suppressant chamber, and a spray nozzle; the mechanical firing mechanism is locked in a pre-firing state by a safety pin, and a T-shaped pull ring is provided at the outer end of the safety pin; the outlet of the explosion suppressant chamber is sealed by an aluminum-plastic composite sealing film;

[0010] The cable has a Y-type connector at one end that connects to a safety pin; the other end of the cable is fixed to an anchor pile, and the length of the cable is less than the length of the trajectory of the detonator ball after it is launched.

[0011] Furthermore, the internal structure of the explosion suppressor ball, from top to bottom, includes: a crown shell, an excitation slider that mates with the safety pin cam surface, a pre-compressed spring, a blunt-tipped firing pin fixed by a firing pin fixing plate, a solid gas-generating agent pack, a high-pressure gas chamber, a rupture disc, an explosion suppressant chamber, a dispersion screen, an aluminum-plastic composite sealing membrane, and a spray nozzle; the outer shell is composed of an outer spherical shell and a tail fin at the bottom.

[0012] Furthermore, the blunt-tipped firing pin is made of polytetrafluoroethylene or copper alloy; the solid gas-generating agent package contains guanidine nitrate composite gas-generating agent; and the rupture disc is a pre-marked copper sheet.

[0013] Furthermore, at least one annular sealing groove is formed on the outer wall of the annular piston, and an O-ring is embedded in the groove; the O-ring is made of fluororubber, and its outer diameter is interference-fitted with the inner wall of the main cylinder, which is used to seal the high-pressure gas during the operation of the gas-generating power chamber, prevent leakage, and ensure that the effective pressure pushing the piston is large enough.

[0014] Furthermore, a sensor module is integrated inside the ventilation detection hole; the sensor module includes at least one hydrogen sensor for detecting hydrogen concentration.

[0015] Furthermore, the positioning groove has a crescent-shaped support surface that matches the outer contour of the explosion-suppressing sub-sphere.

[0016] The magnetic base has a built-in high-performance permanent magnet array, which allows it to be firmly attached to any ferrous surface, such as the cabin walls and valve blocks of hydrogen energy equipment, enabling it to be used immediately and greatly improving deployment flexibility and convenience.

[0017] The internal mechanical firing mechanism of the explosion suppressor ball is locked by a safety pin, which is connected to a Y-type connector at the end of the cable via a T-shaped pull ring. The cable is fixed to the top of the central pressure-bearing column, and its length is precisely calculated to ensure that the cable is taut and pulls out the safety pin in a straight line when the ball is launched and reaches the expected spatial position. The release of the safety pin triggers a pre-compressed spring inside the ball, which drives a blunt-tipped firing pin made of spark-resistant material (such as PTFE) to compress the solid gas-generating agent package. The gas-generating agent reacts to produce high-pressure nitrogen gas, which ruptures the calibrated pressure rupture disc and the aluminum-plastic composite sealing membrane, thereby ejecting the explosion suppressant from the explosion suppressant chamber at high speed. This fully mechanical, flameless triggering and release chain constitutes a key intrinsic safety design.

[0018] The gas-generating chamber adopts a design of central ignition, annular ignition, and surface combustion to ensure the stable and synchronous generation of high-pressure gas. The entire process is based on existing technology. Ignition, combustion, and gas generation all take place in a closed space with no gas exchange with the outside, eliminating the risk of explosion caused by ignition. Finally, the gas-generating propellant rapidly produces gas to drive the piston to accelerate smoothly.

[0019] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this patent are as follows: Through the magnetic base with embedded strong magnets, tool-free, multi-directional rapid adsorption and installation can be achieved on any ferrous equipment surface (such as hydrogen fuel cell compartments and hydrogen storage cylinder valve assembly boxes), adapting to various complex working conditions and greatly simplifying engineering deployment. It integrates multi-source detectors for hydrogen, flame, etc., achieving millisecond-level intelligent active triggering. The purely mechanical fixed-distance pull-out mechanism operates reliably with no delay, and the total time from detection to the formation of the suppressant cloud can be controlled within hundreds of milliseconds.

[0020] After being launched to different locations in space, the sub-spheres simultaneously release the suppressant, achieving a fundamental shift from point-source injection to volumetric diffusion, ensuring comprehensive coverage and excellent concentration field uniformity. Multiple safety features are incorporated. The sub-spheres utilize a purely mechanical, spark-free trigger (PTFE / copper blunt-tipped firing pin), employ safe gas-generating agents internally, and release the suppressant through controlled rupture discs and a sealing membrane. The entire process involves no open flames, no high-temperature chemical explosions, and no high-speed fragments. Key moving parts are made of impact-resistant, spark-resistant materials. The aluminum-plastic composite sealing membrane at the suppressant chamber outlet ensures no leakage and prevents moisture-induced clumping of the suppressant during long-term storage. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional view of the overall structure of this patent;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a main sectional view of the overall structure of this patent;

[0023] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the safety pin structure;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a longitudinal sectional view of the internal structure of the explosion suppressor sphere;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the positioning groove on the top of the piston.

[0026] Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating the linkage between the explosion suppression sub-ball functional modules.

[0027] In the diagram: 1. Magnetic base; 2. Permanent magnet; 3. Ventilation detection hole; 4. Hydrogen concentration sensor; 5. Lead wire; 6. Opening; 7. Electric igniter; 8. Annular ignition source; 9. Annular propellant column; 10. Annular piston; 11. Positioning groove; 12. O-ring seal; 13. Upper limit step; 14. Main cylinder; 15. Central pressure-bearing column; 16. Cable; 17. Anchor pile; 18. Y-connector; 19. Fixing cable. 20. Ring; 21. Explosion suppressor ball; 22. Crown shell; 23. Safety pin; 24. Cam surface; 25. Actuation slider; 26. Spring; 27. Firing pin fixing plate; 28. Blunt firing pin; 29. ​​Solid gas generating agent pack; 30. High-pressure gas chamber; 31. Rupture disc; 32. Explosion suppressant chamber; 33. Outer spherical shell; 34. Dispersion screen; 35. Injection nozzle; 36. Aluminum-plastic composite sealing membrane; 37. Tail fin; 38. Crescent-shaped support surface. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this patent will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the present invention provides a magnetically attracted, directionally dispensing explosion suppression device, the main body of which is a cylindrical structure. Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a main sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention. The explosion suppression ball 20 and the positioning groove 11 of the piston are simplified schematic diagrams, and their structures are shown in the figure below. Figure 4 , Figure 5 The magnetic base 1 has an array of neodymium iron boron permanent magnets 2 embedded in its bottom, which can firmly adhere to the surface of any ferrous equipment, such as the metal bulkheads of hydrogen energy equipment and pipe flanges. Its side wall has ventilation and detection holes 3, and a hydrogen concentration sensor 4 installed inside is used to monitor ambient gas in real time. The sensor signals are received and processed by a control module integrated inside the magnetic base 1.

[0030] The main cylinder 14, fixed to the magnetic base 1, has a fixed central pressure-bearing column 15 at its center, with an umbrella-shaped anchor pile 17 at the top. The annular piston 10 is clearance-fitted with the inner wall of the main cylinder 14, and its outer side has an O-ring seal 12 for sealing. The top of the annular piston 10 is machined with a positioning groove 11, which has a crescent-shaped support surface 37, such as... Figure 5 As shown. The crescent-shaped support surface 37 is a partially sloping curved surface with a through-hole at its center, providing support below and outside the explosion suppressor ball 20. The advantage of this design is that, at the moment the annular piston 10 accelerates upward, the explosion suppressor ball 20 tends to lag behind the annular piston 10 due to inertia. The crescent-shaped support surface 37, due to its downward tilting and converging characteristics at its support part, has a very small constraint area and friction on the explosion suppressor ball 20, which can minimize or even eliminate the risk of the explosion suppressor ball 20 being "wedged" or "stuck" in the groove, ensuring that the explosion suppressor ball 20 can reliably detach from the positioning groove 11 by inertia and enter the projectile trajectory. The gas-generating power chamber is located below the annular piston 10, and the electric igniter 7 at its center is connected to the annular gas-generating propellant column 9 above through the annular ignition transfer tank 8.

[0031] Six blast suppression sub-spheres 20 are respectively embedded in their corresponding positioning slots 11. The outer shell of each blast suppression sub-sphere 20 consists of a crown shell 21 made of PA66 engineering plastic, an outer spherical shell 32, and an integrally injection-molded tail fin 36, shaped like a dart to optimize aerodynamic performance. Its internal core structure is as follows: Figure 4As shown: The safety pin 22 extends laterally through and locks the firing mechanism. Its tail end has a T-shaped pull ring. Near the inner end of the body of the safety pin 22, a semi-cylindrical cam surface 23 is machined, with a ring-shaped guide protrusion on the outer side of the cam surface 23. The upper part of the trigger slider 24 has a semi-cylindrical groove that matches the aforementioned cam surface 23. The process of pulling out the safety pin 22 is as follows: The T-shaped pull ring is laterally fitted into the Y-type connector 18 at the end of the cable 16. When the detonator ball 20 is launched and the cable 16 is taut, the Y-type connector 18 applies a purely axial pulling force to the T-shaped pull ring. This force acts directly on the axis of the safety pin 22, driving it to be pulled out horizontally from the housing of the detonator ball 20. The interaction between the cam surface 23 of the safety pin 22 and the trigger slider 24 is as follows: In the ready-to-fire state (i.e., when the safety pin 22 is fully inserted), the trigger slider 24 is at its highest position under the thrust of the preload spring 25 below it. At this point, the trigger slider 24 achieves lateral and vertical limiting through contact between its side plane and the corresponding plane of the safety pin 22. Simultaneously, its upper semicircle is tangent or slightly gapped with the semi-cylindrical cam surface 23 of the safety pin 22, forming a stable geometric lock. When the safety pin 22 is pulled out linearly, the annular guide protrusion of its cam surface 23 immediately embeds into the groove of the trigger slider 24, forming a precise guide. As it continues to move outward, the two semicircular surfaces change from a tangent state to a tightly fitted sliding state. During this process, the cam surface 23 of the safety pin 22, using its fixed semi-cylindrical profile as the driving element, forcibly compresses the trigger slider 24 as the driven element, thereby converting the horizontal linear motion of the safety pin 22 into a precise vertical downward linear motion of the trigger slider 24. This is the core working principle of the double semi-circular cam surface nested propulsion mechanism. Below the ignition slider 24 are arranged a pre-compressed spring 25, a firing pin fixing plate 26, and a blunt-tipped firing pin 27. Directly below the blunt-tipped firing pin 27 are a solid gas-generating agent package 28 and a high-pressure gas chamber 29. The bottom of the high-pressure gas chamber 29 is sealed by a pre-marked copper rupture disc 30. Below the rupture disc 30 is a rupture suppressant chamber 31 filled with rupture suppressant. The bottom of the chamber is arranged with a dispersion screen 33, an aluminum-plastic composite sealing membrane 35, and a spray nozzle 34. The blunt-tipped firing pin 27 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or copper alloy to ensure that no sparks are generated when the gas-generating agent is extruded. The aluminum-plastic composite sealing membrane 35 ensures the sealing and moisture-proof properties of the rupture suppressant during storage.

[0032] The safety pin 22 has a T-shaped pull ring at its outer end, and the Y-shaped connector 18 at the end of the cable 16 is laterally fitted onto the crossbar of the T-shaped pull ring with its U-shaped notch. Figure 3 The other end of the cable 16 is attached to the anchor pile 17 via a fixed pull ring 19.

[0033] Working principle of the device: When the hydrogen concentration sensor 4 detects a dangerous concentration, the control module issues an instruction to activate the electric igniter 7. The flame instantly ignites the entire ring-shaped gas-generating charge 9 through the annular transfer powder groove 8. The ring-shaped gas-generating charge 9 burns rapidly to generate high-pressure gas, pushing the ring-shaped piston 10 to accelerate upward along the main cylinder 14 until it is suddenly stopped by the upper limit step 13. Inertia causes the explosion suppression ball 20 to break away from the positioning groove 11 and be vertically projected upward.

[0034] After the explosion suppression ball 20 flies out, the cable 16 connecting it to the anchor pile 17 is quickly straightened. When the explosion suppression ball 20 flies to the designed distance, the cable 16 becomes taut, and the Y-shaped connector 18 applies a pure axial tension to the T-shaped pull ring, pulling out the safety pin 22 linearly. After the safety pin 22 is pulled out, its cam surface 23 interacts with the firing slider 24, driving the firing slider 24 to move downward against the pre-pressure of the spring 25, thereby releasing the firing mechanism. The spring 25 drives the firing pin fixing plate 26 and the blunt firing pin 27 to press down violently, squeezing and breaking the solid gas-generating agent package 28. The gas-generating agent undergoes a rapid chemical reaction in the high-pressure gas chamber 29 to generate high-pressure nitrogen. When the pressure reaches the set value of the bursting disc 30, the bursting disc 30 ruptures regularly along the pre-scored line, and the high-pressure gas immediately rushes into the explosion suppression agent chamber 31, squeezing and breaking the aluminum-plastic composite sealing film 35, agitating the explosion suppression agent to make it homogenized through the dispersion screen 33 and then spraying it out at high speed from the spraying nozzle 34. Six explosion suppression balls 20 synchronously form an explosion suppression agent cloud mass at different positions in space. Their tail fins 36 are designed to ensure stable spraying attitude and air retention time, thus achieving three-dimensional, uniform, and rapid coverage within the protected space and suppressing the explosion in the initial stage.

[0035] Figure 6 It is a flowchart of the functional module linkage of the explosion suppression ball 20. In the figure, modules A1 to A4 respectively represent four key stages of the internal functions of the explosion suppression ball 20:

[0036] A1 is the safety locking module (lock / release): corresponding to the standby state where the safety pin 22 locks the firing slider 24. When the cable 16 is taut, the safety pin 22 is linearly pulled out, triggering the state switch; A2 is the internal activation module (slider triggers the firing pin): After the safety pin 22 is pulled out, its cam surface 23 drives the firing slider 24 to move downward, releasing the spring 25, and then driving the blunt firing pin 27 to impact the solid gas-generating agent package 28 to generate an activation signal; A3 is the explosion suppression agent storage module (guided release): The solid gas-generating agent package 28 reacts in the high-pressure gas chamber 29 to generate high-pressure gas,冲破爆破片30后进入抑爆剂仓31,导向释放过程准备完成;A4为喷向导射模块(对外喷射):高压气体冲破铝塑复合密封膜35,抑爆剂经分散筛网33均化后,从喷射喷嘴34高速喷出,完成对外喷射。

[0037] It should be noted that there is an unclear part in the original text of ID=10 where it says "冲破爆破片30后进入抑爆剂仓31" which seems a bit abrupt in the context. I've translated it as best as possible based on the overall meaning. You may want to double-check this part in the original for accuracy.Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A magnetically oriented explosion suppression device, wherein a magnetic base (1) is provided at the bottom of the device, an array of permanent magnets (2) is provided at the bottom of the magnetic base (1), a control module is integrated inside, a ventilation detection hole (3) is opened on the side wall, and a hydrogen concentration sensor (4) is provided inside the ventilation detection hole (3); characterized in that, The device also includes: a main cylinder (14), which is vertically fixed to the magnetic base (1), and an upper limit step (13) is provided on the upper part of its inner wall; a piston ejection assembly, including an annular piston (10) in the main cylinder (14) and a gas-generating power chamber located below the piston; the top of the annular piston (10) is provided with multiple positioning grooves (11); the gas-generating power chamber includes an annular gas-generating propellant column (9), an annular ignition trough (8) and an electric igniter (7); the annular ignition trough (8) is located below the annular gas-generating propellant column (9); a central pressure-bearing column (15), which is fixed to the center of the magnetic base (1) and extends upward, and its top end is provided with an anchor pile (17) and a fixing pull ring (19); multiple explosion-suppressing sub-balls (20), which are contact-type arranged in the positioning grooves (11); each explosion-suppressing sub-ball (20) includes a shell, a mechanical firing mechanism, and a solid gas-generating unit. The explosion suppressant chamber (31) and the injection nozzle (34) are included. The mechanical firing mechanism is locked in a pre-firing state by a safety pin (22), and a T-shaped pull ring is provided at the outer end of the safety pin (22). The outlet of the explosion suppressant chamber (31) is sealed by an aluminum-plastic composite sealing film (35). The mechanical firing mechanism includes an excitation slider (24) that cooperates with the cam surface (23) of the safety pin (22), a pre-compressed spring (25), and a blunt-tipped firing pin (27) fixed by a firing pin fixing plate (26). The solid gas generating unit includes a solid gas generating agent pack (28), a high-pressure gas chamber (29), and a rupture disc (30). The cable (16) is provided with a Y-type connector (18) at its end that connects to the safety pin (22). The other end of the cable (16) is fixed to an anchor pile (17), and the length of the cable (16) is less than the length of the trajectory of the explosion suppressant ball (20) after it is launched.

2. The magnetically attracted, directionally dispensing explosion suppression device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A dispersing screen (33) is provided between the aluminum-plastic composite sealing film (35) and the spray nozzle (34); the outer shell includes an outer spherical shell (32) and a tail fin (36) at the bottom.

3. The magnetically attracted, directionally dispensing explosion suppression device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The blunt-tipped firing pin (27) is made of polytetrafluoroethylene or copper alloy; the solid gas generating agent package (28) contains guanidine nitrate composite gas generating agent; the rupture disc (30) is a copper sheet with pre-marked grooves.

4. The magnetically suction-type directional spraying explosion suppression device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the annular piston (10) has at least one annular sealing groove, and an O-ring (12) is embedded in the groove; the O-ring (12) is made of fluororubber, and its outer diameter is interference fit with the inner wall of the main cylinder (14).

5. The magnetically attracted, directionally dispensing explosion suppression device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning groove (11) has a crescent-shaped support surface (37) that matches the outer contour of the explosion suppressor ball (20).

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