An adjustable device for controlling runout during the finishing process of a slender shaft forging.

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of precision machining technology for slender shaft forgings. It discloses an adjustable device for controlling runout during the precision machining process of slender shaft forgings. The device includes an external cylindrical grinding machine, with a long shaft fixed to the top. The top of the external cylindrical grinding machine is equipped with a grinding mechanism and a displacement device. The displacement device is located on the side of the grinding mechanism closest to the long shaft. A grinding wheel is mounted on the grinding mechanism and is used to grind the long shaft. During grinding, the grinding mechanism automatically advances the grinding wheel forward to compensate for wear. This invention, through the cooperation between the grinding mechanism and the compensation mechanism, can apply a central support force to the long shaft, counteracting the grinding force on the long shaft, preventing the long shaft from bending due to the grinding force, significantly reducing runout caused by elastic deformation of the shaft, ensuring machining accuracy such as roundness, straightness, and surface roughness of the shaft, thereby improving grinding quality. Simultaneously, it avoids uneven wear of the grinding wheel, resulting in a longer service life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of precision machining technology for slender shaft forgings, and more particularly to an adjustable device for controlling runout during the precision machining process of slender shaft forgings. Background Technology

[0002] As a key basic component in fields such as machinery manufacturing, engineering machinery, and aerospace, the machining accuracy of slender shaft forgings directly affects the assembly accuracy and operational stability of the entire machine. Therefore, the finishing process has stringent requirements for the roundness, straightness, and surface roughness of the shaft. The cylindrical grinding machine is the core equipment for the finishing of slender shaft forgings. Existing cylindrical grinding machines typically include a bed, headstock, tailstock, grinding mechanism, and hydraulic system. The top surface of the bed is equipped with a drive slide rail. The headstock and tailstock are movably mounted at both ends of the drive slide rail. The slender shaft to be processed is fixed at both ends through the headstock and tailstock. The grinding mechanism is mounted on the bed through a displacement table. The grinding wheel is driven by a drive motor to rotate at high speed. The high-speed rotating grinding wheel approaches the slender shaft to be processed under the drive of the hydraulic system and completes the grinding process.

[0003] However, due to their large length-to-diameter ratio and insufficient rigidity, slender shaft forgings are subjected to grinding forces directly on their surface when precision-machined using an external cylindrical grinder. Since the shaft is only fixed at both ends by the headstock and tailstock, and lacks support in the middle, the grinding force causes elastic deformation of the shaft. Specifically, the middle of the shaft shifts away from the grinding wheel, and may even run out of control. This runout refers to the radial oscillation of the shaft during the precision machining of slender shaft forgings. Furthermore, the weight of the slender shaft itself can cause the middle to sag, further exacerbating the runout. This runout leads to uneven contact pressure between the grinding wheel and the shaft, which not only affects the machining accuracy of the shaft but may also cause accelerated local wear of the grinding wheel, shortening its service life.

[0004] Therefore, we propose an adjustable device for controlling runout during the finishing process of slender shaft forgings. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides an adjustable device for controlling runout during the finishing process of slender shaft forgings. It can adaptively support the middle part of the slender shaft forging and dynamically compensate for the grinding force, effectively counteracting the runout caused by elastic deformation of the shaft and gravity sagging, making the contact pressure between the grinding wheel and the shaft more uniform, thereby improving the machining accuracy and extending the service life of the grinding wheel.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows:

[0007] An adjustable device for controlling runout during the finishing process of a slender shaft forging includes an external cylindrical grinding machine. A long shaft is fixed to the top of the external cylindrical grinding machine. A grinding mechanism and a displacement device are located on the top of the external cylindrical grinding machine. The displacement device is located on the side of the grinding mechanism near the long shaft. A grinding wheel is mounted on the grinding mechanism and is used to grind the long shaft. During grinding, the grinding mechanism automatically advances the grinding wheel forward to compensate for wear. A compensation mechanism is located on the top of the displacement device to compensate for the pressure of the grinding wheel on the long shaft and to counteract the elastic deformation of the long shaft caused by grinding force and its own weight. A synchronization mechanism is located on the side of the displacement device near the grinding mechanism, and the displacement device is linked to the external cylindrical grinding machine through the synchronization mechanism. A proximity mechanism is located inside the displacement device, and the synchronization mechanism is linked to the compensation mechanism through the proximity mechanism. A positioning mechanism is located on the top of the displacement device, and the positioning mechanism limits the return position of the compensation mechanism through the proximity mechanism.

[0008] Preferably, the cylindrical grinding machine includes a bed, a drive slide rail mounted on the top surface of the bed, a tailstock movably mounted at the front end of the drive slide rail, a headstock movably mounted at the rear end of the drive slide rail, a long shaft fixedly mounted between the tailstock and the headstock, a displacement device located on the upper side of the drive slide rail and in its middle, a base located in its middle fixedly mounted on the side of the bed near the grinding mechanism, a hydraulic system inside the base, a frame fixedly connected to the top surface of the base, a main push rod located in its middle fixedly mounted on the side of the frame cavity away from the grinding mechanism, the main push rod being connected to the hydraulic system through an independent pipe, a displacement stage fixedly mounted on the end of the main push rod near the grinding mechanism, the displacement stage being slidably inserted into the frame cavity, two guide rods being slidably inserted into the displacement stage, the guide rods being parallel to the main push rod, the two guide rods being symmetrical about the main push rod, the two ends of the guide rods being fixedly mounted on the two sides of the frame cavity respectively, the grinding mechanism being located on the top surface of the displacement stage, and the synchronization mechanism being located on the side of the displacement stage near the long shaft.

[0009] Preferably, the grinding mechanism includes a grinding base, which is fixedly installed on the top surface of the displacement table and located in the middle position. Two mounting arm plates are installed on the side of the grinding base near the long axis, and a grinding wheel is installed between the two mounting arm plates. A drive motor is bolted on the side of the grinding base away from the mounting arm plates. The drive motor is electrically connected to the external control box, and the output shaft of the drive motor is connected to the grinding wheel via a transmission.

[0010] Preferably, the grinding base has a rectangular channel inside, located on the side of the drive motor near the headstock. A rectangular box is fixedly inserted inside the rectangular channel. The end face of the rectangular box away from the grinding wheel has a through hole at its top. The end face of the rectangular box near the grinding wheel is open. The end face of the rectangular box near the grinding wheel is flush with the end face of the grinding base near the grinding wheel. A rectangular arm is slidably inserted inside the rectangular box. One end of the rectangular arm near the grinding wheel extends to the outside of the rectangular box. The ends of two mounting arms away from the grinding wheel are fixedly connected to the end face of the rectangular arm near the grinding wheel. The end face of the rectangular arm away from the grinding wheel has a receiving groove in its middle. A first hydraulic cylinder is fixedly installed on the side of the rectangular box cavity away from the grinding wheel. The first hydraulic cylinder is connected to the hydraulic system. The end of the first hydraulic cylinder near the grinding wheel extends into the receiving groove. The end of the extension rod inside the first hydraulic cylinder near the grinding wheel is fixedly connected to the side of the receiving groove cavity near the grinding wheel.

[0011] Preferably, the grinding base has a fixed shaft hole located on the side of the rectangular channel near the tailstock. A rotating cylinder is rotatably mounted inside the fixed shaft hole. The end of the rotating cylinder away from the grinding wheel is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the drive motor. Three linkage bars are fixedly mounted at equal intervals along the circumferential direction on the inner wall of the rotating cylinder. The end of the rotating cylinder near the grinding wheel is open. A linkage shaft is slidably inserted inside the rotating cylinder. Three linkage grooves are slidably opened at equal intervals along the circumferential direction on the surface of the linkage shaft. The three linkage bars are slidably inserted into the three linkage grooves respectively. A mounting short column is coaxially fixedly mounted on the surface of the linkage shaft near the grinding wheel. A drive bevel gear is sleeved on the outside of the mounting short column. The drive bevel gear has an opening on the side near the grinding base. A circular groove is provided, and a raised strip is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the circular groove. The raised strip is slidably inserted into the inside of the linkage groove. A locking nut is installed on the external thread of the mounting column, which fixes the drive bevel gear. A driven shaft is inserted into the center of the grinding wheel. The two ends of the driven shaft are rotatably mounted on the ends of two mounting arm plates. A driven bevel gear is fixedly sleeved on the end of the driven shaft near the rotating cylinder. The driven bevel gear meshes with the drive bevel gear. An isolation box is sleeved on the outside of the drive bevel gear and the driven bevel gear. The isolation box is fixedly connected to the surface of the mounting arm plate on the front side of the grinding wheel. The driven shaft is rotatably inserted into the rear side of the isolation box. The linkage shaft is rotatably inserted into the side of the isolation box near the grinding base.

[0012] Preferably, an electric telescopic rod is fixedly installed on the side of the grinding base near the isolation box. The electric telescopic rod is electrically connected to the external control box. The end of the electric telescopic rod extending from the inside of the rod near the isolation box points to the side of the isolation box near the grinding base. A probe head located between two mounting arm plates is fixedly installed on the end face of the rectangular arm near the grinding wheel. The probe head is signal connected to the external control box, and the axis of the probe head passes horizontally through the axis of the grinding wheel.

[0013] Preferably, the displacement device includes a displacement strip located on the upper side of the drive slide rail. The top surface of the drive slide rail is in contact with the bottom surface of the displacement strip. Limiting arm plates are fixedly connected to both ends of the bottom surface of the displacement strip. The two limiting arm plates are located on both sides of the drive slide rail, and the limiting arm plates are slidably connected to the sides of the drive slide rail.

[0014] Preferably, the compensation mechanism includes a compensation vertical bar located at the end of the top surface of the displacement bar away from the synchronization mechanism. Two compensation horizontal blocks are installed on the compensation vertical bar, and the two compensation horizontal blocks are parallel and symmetrical about the axis of the long axis. An extension block is installed on the side of the compensation horizontal block near the long axis. A second hydraulic cylinder is fixedly inserted into the other end of the extension block. The second hydraulic cylinder is connected to the hydraulic system, and the pipeline used is connected to the pipeline used by the first hydraulic cylinder. A pressure sensor is installed on the common pipeline. A U-shaped component is fixedly connected to the other end of the extension rod inside the second hydraulic cylinder. A compensation roller is rotatably installed inside the U-shaped component, and the surface of the compensation roller abuts against the surface of the long axis. Two support slide rods are symmetrically fixedly connected to the surface of the U-shaped component near the extension block. The support slide rods are movably inserted into the end face of the extension block and can move axially.

[0015] Preferably, the free end of the extension block is inclined toward a plane passing through the long axis, and the angle between the extension block and the horizontal plane is forty-five degrees.

[0016] Preferably, the compensating horizontal block has an open groove on its side away from the long axis, and the compensating vertical bar is slidably inserted into the open groove. Both compensating horizontal blocks have threaded holes in their middle parts, and a forward screw and a reverse screw are respectively threaded into the two threaded holes. The reverse screw is located above the forward screw, and the bottom end of the reverse screw is fixedly connected to the top end of the forward screw. An operating panel is fixedly connected to the top end of the reverse screw, and a crank handle that is off-center is fixedly connected to the top surface of the operating panel.

[0017] Preferably, the side of the compensation block away from the reverse screw is provided with an indicator arrow, and the side of the compensation bar away from the reverse screw is provided with a scale line, with the indicator arrow matching the scale line.

[0018] Preferably, the synchronization mechanism includes two synchronization grooves, which are symmetrically opened on the front and rear sides of the displacement strip. Synchronous sliders are slidably inserted into the interior of each of the two synchronization grooves. The ends of the two synchronized sliders away from the compensation mechanism extend out of the synchronization grooves and are fixedly connected to the same synchronization block. The synchronization block is fixedly installed on the side of the displacement stage near the long axis.

[0019] Preferably, the approach mechanism includes a lower sliding groove, an upper sliding cavity, and a track hole. The lower sliding groove is formed on the bottom surface of the displacement strip, the upper sliding cavity is formed inside the displacement strip and located at its top, and the track hole is formed on the top surface of the displacement strip and communicates with the upper sliding cavity. A fixing hole is formed at the top of the inner cavity of the lower sliding groove, and the top of the fixing hole communicates with the upper sliding cavity. A rotating shaft is movably inserted between the front and rear sides of the inner cavity of the fixing hole, and a linkage gear is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft. A lower plate is slidably inserted inside the lower sliding groove and slides along the trajectory of the lower sliding groove. An upper plate is slidably inserted inside the upper sliding cavity and slides along the trajectory of the upper sliding cavity. The bottom end of the compensation vertical bar is fixedly connected to the top surface of the upper plate away from the upper plate. At the end of the synchronizing block, the bottom end of the forward screw is movably inserted into the top surface of the upper plate. Multiple fixing teeth are evenly spaced on the two surfaces of the upper and lower plates that are close to each other. The fixing teeth mesh with the linkage gear. A sealing cover plate is bolted to the bottom surface of the displacement strip. The sealing cover plate seals the lower plate in the sliding groove. Two limiting arm plates are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the sealing cover plate and located at its two ends. Two head pins are fixedly connected to the end of the upper plate near the synchronizing block. Springs are movably installed on the two head pins respectively. A tail pin is movably installed on the other end of the spring. The bottom end of the tail pin is fixedly connected to the top surface of the displacement strip and away from the synchronizing block. The spring is in a stretched state.

[0020] Preferably, the positioning mechanism includes a positioning strip and adjustment holes. The positioning strip is fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the inner cavity of the track hole. The positioning strip is located on the side of the forward screw closer to the synchronizing block and on the side of the head pin farther from the synchronizing block. There are multiple adjustment holes, which are respectively opened on the front and rear sides of the inner cavity of the track hole and located between the positioning strip and the head pin. The adjustment holes on the front and rear sides of the inner cavity of the track hole correspond one-to-one. An adjustment baffle is movably inserted into the third adjustment hole from the end of the displacement strip closer to the synchronizing block. The adjustment baffle is adapted to the head pin.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0022] 1. This invention, through the cooperation between the grinding mechanism and the compensation mechanism, can apply a central support force to the long shaft, counteract the grinding force on the long shaft, prevent the long shaft from bending due to the grinding force, significantly reduce the runout caused by the elastic deformation of the shaft, ensure the machining accuracy of the shaft roundness, straightness and surface roughness, thereby improving the grinding quality, while avoiding uneven wear of the grinding wheel and extending its service life.

[0023] 2. This invention, through a compensation mechanism, can apply clamping forces in both the upper and lower directions to the long shaft. The upper clamping force can prevent the long shaft from bending and jumping upwards, while the lower clamping force can lift the long shaft from below, preventing it from bending downwards under gravity. This significantly reduces the jumping caused by the elastic deformation of the shaft, ensuring the machining accuracy of the shaft's roundness, straightness, and surface roughness, further improving the grinding quality. At the same time, it more effectively prevents uneven wear of the grinding wheel, resulting in a longer service life.

[0024] 3. This invention controls the position of the compensation mechanism through the linkage between the external cylindrical grinding machine, the synchronization mechanism, and the approach mechanism. When the grinding wheel on the grinding mechanism approaches the long shaft, the compensation mechanism moves synchronously towards the long shaft. No additional human control or complex debugging is required, reducing the difficulty of operation and improving processing efficiency. The grinding mechanism can automatically push the grinding wheel forward to compensate for the radial wear of the grinding wheel, ensuring uniform force on the long shaft, improving grinding quality, and at the same time avoiding uneven wear of the grinding wheel and extending the service life of the grinding wheel. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the grinding mechanism and the compensation mechanism;

[0027] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the grinding mechanism;

[0028] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure from another perspective;

[0029] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the split structure;

[0030] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the rotating cylinder;

[0031] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 2 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the compensation mechanism;

[0032] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the split structure;

[0033] Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 8 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the lower middle plate;

[0034] In the diagram: 1. Cylindrical grinding machine; 101. Bed; 102. Tailstock; 103. Headstock; 104. Long spindle; 105. Base; 106. Frame; 107. Main push rod; 108. Guide slide rod; 109. Displacement stage;

[0035] 2. Grinding Mechanism; 201. Grinding Base; 202. Mounting Arm Plate; 203. Grinding Wheel; 204. Drive Motor; 205. Rectangular Channel; 206. Rectangular Box; 207. Through Hole; 208. Rectangular Arm; 209. Receiving Column Groove; 210. First Hydraulic Cylinder; 211. Fixed Shaft Hole; 212. Rotating Cylinder; 213. Linkage Bar; 214. Linkage Shaft; 215. Linkage Slide; 216. Mounting Short Column; 217. Drive Bevel Gear; 218. Locking Nut; 219. Driven Shaft; 220. Driven Bevel Gear; 221. Isolation Box; 222. Electric Telescopic Rod; 223. Probe Head;

[0036] 3. Displacement device; 301. Displacement strip; 302. Limiting arm plate;

[0037] 4. Compensation mechanism; 401. Compensating vertical bar; 402. Compensating horizontal block; 403. Extension block; 404. Second hydraulic cylinder; 405. U-shaped component; 406. Compensating roller; 407. Supporting slide bar; 408. Open slide groove; 409. Threaded hole; 410. Forward screw; 411. Reverse screw; 412. Control panel; 413. Handle;

[0038] 5. Synchronization mechanism; 501. Synchronization groove; 502. Synchronization slide bar; 503. Synchronization block;

[0039] 6. Approaching mechanism; 601. Sliding groove; 602. Upper sliding cavity; 603. Track hole; 604. Fixing hole; 605. Rotating shaft; 606. Linkage gear; 607. Lower plate; 608. Upper plate; 609. Fixing tooth hole; 610. Sealing cover plate; 611. Head pin; 612. Spring; 613. Tail pin;

[0040] 7. Positioning mechanism; 701. Positioning strip; 702. Adjustment hole; 703. Adjustment baffle. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The technical solutions of this invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0042] It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in this invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicator will also change accordingly.

[0043] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connection," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "fixed" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can mean a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can mean a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can mean the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0044] Furthermore, if the present invention uses terms such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. If the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, such a combination should be considered non-existent and not within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

[0045] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 1-9 This solution provides an adjustable device for controlling runout during the finishing process of a slender shaft forging. It includes an external cylindrical grinding machine 1, with a long shaft 104 fixed to the top. The top of the external cylindrical grinding machine 1 is equipped with a grinding mechanism 2 and a displacement device 3. The displacement device 3 is located on the side of the grinding mechanism 2 near the long shaft 104. A grinding wheel 203 is mounted on the grinding mechanism 2, and the grinding wheel 203 is used to grind the long shaft 104. During the grinding process, the grinding mechanism 2 automatically advances the grinding wheel 203 forward to compensate for the wear of the grinding wheel 203. The displacement device 3... The top is provided with a compensation mechanism 4, which is used to compensate for the pressure of the grinding wheel 203 on the long shaft 104 and to counteract the elastic deformation of the long shaft 104 caused by the grinding force and its own weight. The displacement device 3 is provided with a synchronization mechanism 5 on the side near the grinding mechanism 2. The displacement device 3 is linked with the external cylindrical grinding machine 1 through the synchronization mechanism 5. The displacement device 3 is provided with a proximity mechanism 6 inside. The synchronization mechanism 5 is linked with the compensation mechanism 4 through the proximity mechanism 6. The top of the displacement device 3 is provided with a positioning mechanism 7, which restricts the return position of the compensation mechanism 4 through the proximity mechanism 6.

[0046] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 The external cylindrical grinding machine 1 includes a bed 101, a drive slide rail mounted on the top surface of the bed 101, a tailstock 102 movably mounted at the front end of the drive slide rail, and a headstock 103 movably mounted at the rear end of the drive slide rail. A long shaft 104 is fixedly mounted between the tailstock 102 and the headstock 103. A displacement device 3 is located on the upper side of the drive slide rail and in its middle. A base 105 located in its middle is fixedly mounted on the side of the bed 101 near the grinding mechanism 2. The base 105 has a hydraulic system inside, which includes conventional components such as pipelines, overflow valves, and hydraulic pumps, and its connection method is conventional. A frame 106 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the base 105, and the inner cavity of the frame 106 is away from the grinding machine. The main push rod 107 located in the middle is fixedly installed on the side of the structure 2. The main push rod 107 is connected to the hydraulic system through an independent pipe. A displacement table 109 is fixedly installed on the end of the main push rod 107 near the grinding mechanism 2. The displacement table 109 is slidably inserted into the inside of the frame 106. Two guide slide rods 108 are slidably inserted on the displacement table 109. The guide slide rods 108 are parallel to the main push rod 107. The two guide slide rods 108 are symmetrical about the main push rod 107. The two ends of the guide slide rods 108 are fixedly installed on the two sides of the inner cavity of the frame 106. The grinding mechanism 2 is located on the top surface of the displacement table 109. The synchronization mechanism 5 is located on the side of the displacement table 109 near the long axis 104.

[0047] The extension and retraction of the main push rod 107 is controlled by the external control box.

[0048] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 , Figure 6 The grinding mechanism 2 includes a grinding base 201, which is fixedly installed on the top surface of the displacement stage 109 and located in the middle position. Two mounting arm plates 202 are installed on the side of the grinding base 201 near the long axis 104. The grinding wheel 203 is installed between the two mounting arm plates 202. A drive motor 204 is bolted on the side of the grinding base 201 away from the mounting arm plates 202. The drive motor 204 is electrically connected to the external control box. The output shaft of the drive motor 204 is connected to the grinding wheel 203 for transmission.

[0049] A rectangular channel 205 is provided inside the grinding base 201. The rectangular channel 205 is located on the side of the drive motor 204 near the headstock 103. A rectangular box 206 is fixedly inserted inside the rectangular channel 205. A through hole 207 is provided on the end face of the rectangular box 206 away from the grinding wheel 203. The end face of the rectangular box 206 near the grinding wheel 203 is open. The end face of the rectangular box 206 near the grinding wheel 203 is flush with the end face of the grinding base 201 near the grinding wheel 203. A rectangular arm 208 is slidably inserted inside the rectangular box 206. One end of the rectangular arm 208 near the grinding wheel 203 extends into the rectangular box 206. Externally, the ends of the two mounting arms 202 away from the grinding wheel 203 are fixedly connected to the end face of the rectangular arm 208 near the grinding wheel 203. The end face of the rectangular arm 208 away from the grinding wheel 203 has a receiving groove 209 located in the middle. The first hydraulic cylinder 210 is fixedly installed on the side of the rectangular box 206 away from the grinding wheel 203. The first hydraulic cylinder 210 is connected to the hydraulic system. The end of the first hydraulic cylinder 210 near the grinding wheel 203 extends into the interior of the receiving groove 209. The end of the extension rod inside the first hydraulic cylinder 210 near the grinding wheel 203 is fixedly connected to the side of the interior of the receiving groove 209 near the grinding wheel 203.

[0050] The grinding base 201 has a fixed shaft hole 211 located on the side of the rectangular channel 205 near the tailstock 102. A rotating cylinder 212 is rotatably mounted inside the fixed shaft hole 211. The end of the rotating cylinder 212 away from the grinding wheel 203 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the drive motor 204. Three linkage bars 213 are fixedly mounted at equal intervals along the circumferential direction on the inner wall of the rotating cylinder 212. The end of the rotating cylinder 212 near the grinding wheel 203 is open. A linkage shaft 214 is slidably inserted inside the rotating cylinder 212. Three linkage grooves 215 are slidably opened at equal intervals along the circumferential direction on the surface of the linkage shaft 214. The three linkage bars 213 are slidably inserted into the three linkage grooves 215 respectively. A mounting short column 216 is fixedly mounted coaxially on the surface of the linkage shaft 214 near the grinding wheel 203. A drive bevel gear 217 is sleeved on the outside of the mounting short column 216. A side opening of the drive bevel gear 217 near the grinding base 201 is provided. A circular groove has a raised rib fixedly connected to its inner wall. The raised rib slides into the linkage groove 215. A locking nut 218 is installed on the external thread of the mounting short column 216, which fixes the drive bevel gear 217. A driven shaft 219 is inserted into the center of the grinding wheel 203. The two ends of the driven shaft 219 are rotatably mounted on the ends of the two mounting arm plates 202. The end of the driven shaft 219 is closer to the rotating cylinder 212. A driven bevel gear 220 is fixedly sleeved on the upper part of the grinding wheel 203. The driven bevel gear 220 meshes with the driving bevel gear 217. An isolation box 221 is sleeved on the outside of the driving bevel gear 217 and the driven bevel gear 220. The isolation box 221 is fixedly connected to the surface of the mounting arm plate 202 on the front side of the grinding wheel 203. The driven shaft 219 is rotatably inserted into the rear side of the isolation box 221. The linkage shaft 214 is rotatably inserted into the side of the isolation box 221 near the grinding base 201.

[0051] An electric telescopic rod 222 is fixedly installed on the side of the grinding base 201 near the isolation box 221. The electric telescopic rod 222 is electrically connected to the external control box. The end of the electric telescopic rod 222 extending from the inside of the isolation box 221 points to the side of the isolation box 221 near the grinding base 201. A probe 223 located between the two mounting arm plates 202 is fixedly installed on the end face of the rectangular arm 208 near the grinding wheel 203. The probe 223 is signal connected to the external control box. The axis of the probe 223 passes horizontally through the axis of the grinding wheel 203.

[0052] The probe 223 monitors the radial wear of the grinding wheel 203 by detecting the distance. When the radial wear of the grinding wheel 203 exceeds the preset value in the control box (which can be two millimeters), the control box will control the electric telescopic rod 222 to extend by a distance preset in the control box. After the electric telescopic rod 222 extends, the isolation box 221 returns and is blocked by the electric telescopic rod 222. The distance between the isolation box 221 and the grinding base 201 will increase, thereby limiting the return distance of the grinding wheel 203 and the shortening distance of the first hydraulic cylinder 210. This achieves the purpose of controlling the position of the grinding wheel 203, ensuring that the grinding wheel 203 can reach the long shaft 104 with a very short movement relative to the grinding base 201 next time, reducing time waste.

[0053] A pressure monitor is fixedly installed on the left end of the electric telescopic rod 222 to monitor the force between the isolation box 221 and the electric telescopic rod 222. When the force reaches the preset value inside the control box, the control box controls the first hydraulic cylinder 210 to stop retracting.

[0054] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 The displacement device 3 includes a displacement strip 301, which is located on the upper side of the drive slide rail. The top surface of the drive slide rail is in contact with the bottom surface of the displacement strip 301. Limiting arm plates 302 are fixedly connected to both ends of the bottom surface of the displacement strip 301. The two limiting arm plates 302 are located on both sides of the drive slide rail, and the limiting arm plates 302 are slidably connected to the side of the drive slide rail.

[0055] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 7 The compensation mechanism 4 includes a compensation vertical bar 401, which is located at the end of the top surface of the displacement bar 301 away from the synchronization mechanism 5. Two compensation horizontal blocks 402 are installed on the compensation vertical bar 401. The two compensation horizontal blocks 402 are parallel and symmetrical about the axis of the long axis 104. An extension block 403 is installed on the side of the compensation horizontal block 402 near the long axis 104. A second hydraulic cylinder 404 is fixedly inserted into the other end face of the extension block 403. The second hydraulic cylinder 404 is connected to the hydraulic system and the pipeline used is connected to the pipeline used by the first hydraulic cylinder 210 to ensure that the hydraulic pressure inside the first hydraulic cylinder 210 and the two second hydraulic cylinders 404 is the same.

[0056] A pressure sensor is installed on the common pipeline. The sensor is used to monitor the hydraulic pressure in the pipeline and then control the pressure applied by the grinding wheel 203 and the compensating roller 406 to the long shaft 104.

[0057] The other end of the extension rod inside the second hydraulic cylinder 404 is fixedly connected to a U-shaped component 405. A compensating roller 406 is rotatably installed inside the U-shaped component 405. The surface of the compensating roller 406 abuts against the surface of the long shaft 104. Two supporting slide rods 407 are symmetrically fixedly connected to the surface of the U-shaped component 405 near the surface of the extension block 403. The supporting slide rods 407 are movably inserted into the end face of the extension block 403 and can move axially.

[0058] The free end of the extension block 403 is inclined toward the plane passing through the axis of the major axis 104, and the angle between the extension block 403 and the horizontal plane is forty-five degrees.

[0059] By setting the angle between the extension block 403 and the horizontal plane to 45 degrees, the pressure applied by the two compensating rollers 406 to the long shaft 104 can be decomposed into horizontal pressure and vertical clamping force. The horizontal pressure provided by the two compensating rollers 406 is in the same direction, and the resultant force is equal to the horizontal leftward pressure applied by the grinding wheel 203 to the long shaft 104, but in the opposite direction. This compensates for the grinding force on the long shaft 104 and has the effect of reducing vibration. The clamping forces of the two compensating rollers 406 in the vertical direction are in opposite directions and are the same in magnitude. They clamp the long shaft 104 from the upper and lower sides, preventing vibration caused by the long shaft 104 being too long and bending downward in the middle. This further reduces vibration.

[0060] An open groove 408 is provided on the side of the compensation block 402 away from the long axis 104. The compensation vertical bar 401 is slidably inserted into the open groove 408. A threaded hole 409 is provided in the middle of each of the two compensation blocks 402. A forward screw 410 and a reverse screw 411 are respectively threaded into the two threaded holes 409. The reverse screw 411 is located on the upper side of the forward screw 410. The bottom end of the reverse screw 411 is fixedly connected to the top end of the forward screw 410. An operating disc 412 is fixedly connected to the top end of the reverse screw 411. A crank handle 413 that is off-center is fixedly connected to the top surface of the operating disc 412.

[0061] The compensating horizontal block 402 has an indicator arrow on its side away from the reverse screw 411, and the compensating vertical bar 401 has a scale line on its side away from the reverse screw 411. The indicator arrow is matched with the scale line.

[0062] The compensating roller 406 and the grinding wheel 203 share a vertical center plane, so that the force applied by the grinding wheel 203 to the long shaft 104 is directly neutralized by the force applied by the compensating roller 406 to the long shaft 104, reducing the radial force on the long shaft 104, thereby reducing the runout.

[0063] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 7 and Figure 8The synchronization mechanism 5 includes two synchronization grooves 501, which are symmetrically opened on the front and rear sides of the displacement strip 301. Synchronous slide bars 502 are slidably inserted into the interior of each of the two synchronization grooves 501. The ends of the two synchronization slide bars 502 away from the compensation mechanism 4 extend out from the synchronization grooves 501 and are fixedly connected to the same synchronization block 503. The synchronization block 503 is fixedly installed on the side of the displacement stage 109 near the long axis 104.

[0064] Through the interlocking action between the synchronous slide bar 502 and the synchronous slide groove 501, the displacement strip 301 is fixed in place to prevent it from falling off. On the other hand, the displacement strip 301 can move synchronously with the displacement table 109, ensuring that the compensation roller 406 and the grinding wheel 203 share the same vertical center plane.

[0065] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 The approach mechanism 6 includes a sliding groove 601, an upper sliding cavity 602, and a track hole 603. The sliding groove 601 is formed on the bottom surface of the displacement strip 301. The upper sliding cavity 602 is formed inside the displacement strip 301 and located at its top. The track hole 603 is formed on the top surface of the displacement strip 301 and communicates with the upper sliding cavity 602. A fixing hole 604 is formed at the top of the inner cavity of the sliding groove 601, and the top of the fixing hole 604 communicates with the upper sliding cavity 602. A rotating shaft 605 is movably inserted between the front and rear sides of the inner cavity of the fixing hole 604. A linkage gear 606 is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft 605. A lower plate 607 is slidably inserted into the lower slide groove 601 and slides along the trajectory of the lower slide groove 601. An upper plate 608 is slidably inserted into the upper slide cavity 602 and slides along the trajectory of the upper slide cavity 602. The bottom end of the compensating vertical bar 401 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the upper plate 608. At the end of the synchronizing block 503, the bottom end of the forward screw 410 is movably inserted into the top surface of the upper plate 608. Multiple fixing teeth 609 are evenly spaced on the two surfaces of the upper plate 608 and the lower plate 607 that are close to each other. The fixing teeth 609 mesh with the linkage gear 606. A sealing cover plate 610 is bolted to the bottom surface of the displacement strip 301. The sealing cover plate 610 seals the lower plate 607 in the sliding groove 601. Two limiting arm plates 302 are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the sealing cover plate 610 and located at both ends of it. Two head pins 611 are fixedly connected to the end of the upper plate 608 near the synchronizing block 503. Springs 612 are movably installed on the two head pins 611 respectively. A tail pin 613 is movably installed on the other end of the spring 612. The bottom end of the tail pin 613 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the displacement strip 301 and away from the synchronizing block 503. The spring 612 is in a stretched state.

[0066] The spring 612, based on the tail pin 613, applies a leftward pulling force to the upper plate 608 through the head pin 611, which drives the upper plate 608 to move to the left, and the upper plate 608 then moves to the left to reset the compensation mechanism 4.

[0067] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 7 The positioning mechanism 7 includes a positioning strip 701 and an adjustment hole 702. The positioning strip 701 is fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the inner cavity of the track hole 603. The positioning strip 701 is located on the side of the forward screw 410 close to the synchronizing block 503 and on the side of the head pin 611 away from the synchronizing block 503. There are multiple adjustment holes 702. The multiple adjustment holes 702 are respectively opened on the front and rear sides of the inner cavity of the track hole 603 and are located between the positioning strip 701 and the head pin 611. The adjustment holes 702 on the front and rear sides of the inner cavity of the track hole 603 correspond one to one. Starting from the end of the displacement strip 301 close to the synchronizing block 503, the third adjustment hole 702 is movably inserted into the adjustment baffle 703. The adjustment baffle 703 is adapted to the head pin 611.

[0068] The adjusting baffle 703 restricts the position of the upper plate 608 by blocking the head pin 611, thereby restricting the position of the compensation mechanism 4 after the return stroke.

[0069] The position of the adjusting baffle 703 relative to the positioning bar 701 is adjusted by removing the adjusting baffle 703 and inserting it into another adjusting hole 702, thereby adjusting the position of the compensation mechanism 4 after the approach mechanism 6 is reset, ensuring that the distance between the compensation mechanism 4 and the long axis 104 is short enough after the compensation mechanism 4 is reset, reducing the stroke of automatic adjustment.

[0070] Working principle

[0071] First, the long shaft 104 is fixed between the tailstock 102 and the headstock 103. Then, the operating disc 412 is rotated by the crank handle 413. The operating disc 412 then rotates the reverse screw 411 and the forward screw 410. Subsequently, the two compensating blocks 402 approach each other through the threaded engagement with the reverse screw 411 and the forward screw 410. Then, the two compensating blocks 402, through the extension block 403, the second hydraulic cylinder 404, and the U-shaped component 405, bring the two compensating rollers 406 closer together. The distance between the two compensating rollers 406 is monitored by the alignment of the indicator arrow and the scale line. Rotation of the operating disc 412 is stopped when the distance between the two compensating rollers 406 matches the diameter of the long shaft 104. Afterwards, an external device is used... The control box controls the drive motor 204 to run, which in turn drives the rotating cylinder 212 to rotate. The rotating cylinder 212 then drives the linkage shaft 214 to rotate via the connection between the linkage bar 213 and the linkage groove 215. The linkage shaft 214 then drives the drive bevel gear 217 to rotate. The drive bevel gear 217, through its meshing with the driven bevel gear 220, drives the driven shaft 219 to rotate. The driven shaft 219 then drives the grinding wheel 203 to rotate. The control box then controls the main push rod 107 to extend, which in turn drives the displacement table 109 to slide to the left along the guide slide bar 108. The displacement table 109 then moves the synchronizing block 503 to the left, and the synchronizing block 503 pushes the lower plate 607 to the left. 7. Move to the left, then the lower plate 607 moves the upper plate 608 to the right through the meshing action between the linkage gear 606 and the fixed tooth hole 609. Next, the upper plate 608 moves the compensation mechanism 4 to the right. Simultaneously, the upper plate 608 pulls the spring 612 through the head pin 611, causing the spring 612 to stretch elastically and increase its elastic potential energy. Then, the left end face of the synchronizing block 503 abuts against the right end face of the displacement strip 301. Then, the control box controls the hydraulic oil to flow synchronously into the first hydraulic cylinder 210 and the two second hydraulic cylinders 404. Next, the first hydraulic cylinder 210 and the two second hydraulic cylinders 404 extend. Then, the first hydraulic cylinder 210 pushes the rectangular arm 208 to the left inside the rectangular box 206. Then, the rectangular arm 208... Mounting arm plate 202 and driven shaft 219 move grinding wheel 203 closer to long shaft 104. Then, mounting arm plate 202 moves synchronously to the left inside rotating cylinder 212 via isolation box 221 and linkage shaft 214. At the same time, second hydraulic cylinder 404 gradually extends. Then, second hydraulic cylinder 404 moves closer to long shaft 104 via U-shaped component 405 and compensating roller 406. Then, grinding wheel 203 and compensating roller 406 abut against the surface of long shaft 104. Rotating grinding wheel 203 performs finishing on long shaft 104. Control box senses the hydraulic pressure in first hydraulic cylinder 210 and second hydraulic cylinder 404 through pressure sensor, and then controls the pressure of grinding wheel 203 and compensating roller 406 on long shaft 104 by controlling the hydraulic pressure.By maintaining the hydraulic pressure within a preset pressure range inside the control box, the grinding force on the long shaft 104 can be dynamically balanced and compensated.

[0072] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adjustable device for controlling run-out of an elongated shaft forging during a finishing process, comprising an external cylindrical grinder (1), characterized in that, The external cylindrical grinding machine (1) has a long shaft (104) fixed on its top. The top of the external cylindrical grinding machine (1) is provided with a grinding mechanism (2) and a displacement device (3). The displacement device (3) is located on the side of the grinding mechanism (2) near the long shaft (104). A grinding wheel (203) is installed on the grinding mechanism (2). The grinding wheel (203) is used to grind the long shaft (104). During the grinding process, the grinding mechanism (2) automatically pushes the grinding wheel (203) forward to compensate for the wear of the grinding wheel (203). A compensation mechanism (4) is provided on the top of the displacement device (3). The compensation mechanism (4) is used to compensate for the wear of the grinding wheel. The pressure of the wheel (203) on the long shaft (104) counteracts the elastic deformation of the long shaft (104) caused by the grinding force and its own weight. The displacement device (3) is provided with a synchronization mechanism (5) on the side near the grinding mechanism (2). The displacement device (3) is linked with the external cylindrical grinding machine (1) through the synchronization mechanism (5). The displacement device (3) is provided with a proximity mechanism (6) inside. The synchronization mechanism (5) is linked with the compensation mechanism (4) through the proximity mechanism (6). The top of the displacement device (3) is provided with a positioning mechanism (7). The positioning mechanism (7) restricts the return position of the compensation mechanism (4) through the proximity mechanism (6). The external cylindrical grinding machine (1) includes a bed (101), a drive slide rail is mounted on the top surface of the bed (101), a tailstock (102) is movably mounted at the front end of the drive slide rail, a headstock (103) is movably mounted at the rear end of the drive slide rail, a long shaft (104) is fixedly mounted between the tailstock (102) and the headstock (103), a displacement device (3) is located on the upper side of the drive slide rail and in the middle, a base (105) located in the middle is fixedly mounted on the side of the bed (101) near the grinding mechanism (2), a hydraulic system is provided inside the base (105), a frame (106) is fixedly connected to the top surface of the base (105), and a main push rod located in the middle is fixedly mounted on the side of the inner cavity of the frame (106) away from the grinding mechanism (2). (107) The main push rod (107) is connected to the hydraulic system through an independent pipe. A displacement table (109) is fixedly installed at one end of the main push rod (107) near the grinding mechanism (2). The displacement table (109) is slidably inserted into the inside of the frame (106). Two guide slide rods (108) are slidably inserted on the displacement table (109). The guide slide rods (108) are parallel to the main push rod (107). The two guide slide rods (108) are symmetrical about the main push rod (107). The two ends of the guide slide rods (108) are fixedly installed on the two sides of the inner cavity of the frame (106). The grinding mechanism (2) is located on the top surface of the displacement table (109). The synchronization mechanism (5) is located on the side of the displacement table (109) near the long axis (104). The displacement device (3) includes a displacement strip (301), which is located on the upper side of the drive slide rail. The top surface of the drive slide rail is in contact with the bottom surface of the displacement strip (301). Limiting arm plates (302) are fixedly connected to both ends of the bottom surface of the displacement strip (301). The two limiting arm plates (302) are located on both sides of the drive slide rail, and the limiting arm plates (302) are slidably connected to the side of the drive slide rail. The compensation mechanism (4) includes a compensation vertical bar (401), which is located at the end of the top surface of the displacement bar (301) away from the synchronization mechanism (5). Two compensation horizontal blocks (402) are installed on the compensation vertical bar (401). The two compensation horizontal blocks (402) are parallel and symmetrical about the axis of the long axis (104). An extension block (403) is installed on the side of the compensation horizontal block (402) near the long axis (104). A second hydraulic cylinder (404) is fixedly inserted into the other end face. The second hydraulic cylinder (404) is connected to the hydraulic system and the pipeline used is connected to the pipeline used by the first hydraulic cylinder (210). A pressure sensor is installed on the common pipeline. The other end of the extension rod inside the second hydraulic cylinder (404) is fixedly connected to a U-shaped component (405). A compensating roller (406) is rotatably installed inside the U-shaped component (405). The surface of the compensating roller (406) abuts against the surface of the long shaft (104). The free end of the extension block (403) is inclined toward the plane passing through the axis of the major axis (104), and the angle between the extension block (403) and the horizontal plane is forty-five degrees. The synchronization mechanism (5) includes two synchronization grooves (501). The two synchronization grooves (501) are symmetrically opened on the front and rear sides of the displacement strip (301). Synchronous slide bars (502) are slidably inserted into the interior of each of the two synchronization grooves (501). The ends of the two synchronized slide bars (502) away from the compensation mechanism (4) extend out from the synchronization grooves (501) and are fixedly connected to the same synchronization block (503). The synchronization block (503) is fixedly installed on the side of the displacement stage (109) near the long axis (104). The approach mechanism (6) includes a sliding groove (601), an upper sliding cavity (602), and a track hole (603). The sliding groove (601) is located on the bottom surface of the displacement strip (301), the upper sliding cavity (602) is located inside the displacement strip (301) and at its top, and the track hole (603) is located on the top surface of the displacement strip (301) and communicates with the upper sliding cavity (602). A fixing hole (604) is located in the middle of the top of the inner cavity of the sliding groove (601). The top of the fixing hole (604) communicates with the upper sliding cavity (602). 04) A rotating shaft (605) is movably inserted between the front and rear sides of the inner cavity. A linkage gear (606) is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft (605). A lower plate (607) is slidably inserted inside the lower slide groove (601). The lower plate (607) slides along the trajectory of the lower slide groove (601). An upper plate (608) is slidably inserted inside the upper slide cavity (602). The upper plate (608) slides along the trajectory of the upper slide cavity (602). The bottom end of the compensation vertical bar (401) is fixedly connected to the end of the top surface of the upper plate (608) away from the synchronous block (503).

2. An adjustable device for controlling run-out of an elongated shaft forging during a finishing process according to claim 1, wherein, The grinding mechanism (2) includes a grinding base (201), which is fixedly installed on the top surface of the displacement stage (109) and located in the middle position. Two mounting arms (202) are installed on the side of the grinding base (201) near the long shaft (104). The grinding wheel (203) is installed between the two mounting arms (202). A drive motor (204) is bolted on the side of the grinding base (201) away from the mounting arms (202). The drive motor (204) is electrically connected to the external control box. The output shaft of the drive motor (204) is connected to the grinding wheel (203) in a transmission connection.

3. The adjustable device for controlling runout during the finishing process of a slender shaft forging according to claim 2, characterized in that, The grinding base (201) has a rectangular channel (205) inside. The rectangular channel (205) is located on the side of the drive motor (204) near the head frame (103). A rectangular box (206) is fixedly inserted inside the rectangular channel (205). The end face of the rectangular box (206) away from the grinding wheel (203) has a through hole (207) at its top. The end face of the rectangular box (206) near the grinding wheel (203) is open. The end face of the rectangular box (206) near the grinding wheel (203) is flush with the end face of the grinding base (201) near the grinding wheel (203). A rectangular arm (208) is slidably inserted inside the rectangular box (206). One end of the rectangular arm (208) near the grinding wheel (203) extends into the rectangular box (206). Outside of 206), the ends of two mounting arm plates (202) away from the grinding wheel (203) are fixedly connected to the end face of the rectangular arm (208) near the grinding wheel (203). The end face of the rectangular arm (208) away from the grinding wheel (203) is provided with a receiving groove (209) located in the middle. The first hydraulic cylinder (210) is fixedly installed on the side of the rectangular box (206) away from the grinding wheel (203). The first hydraulic cylinder (210) is connected to the hydraulic system. The end of the first hydraulic cylinder (210) near the grinding wheel (203) extends into the inside of the receiving groove (209). The end of the extension rod inside the first hydraulic cylinder (210) near the grinding wheel (203) is fixedly connected to the side of the receiving groove (209) near the grinding wheel (203).

4. The adjustable device for controlling runout during the finishing process of a slender shaft forging according to claim 3, characterized in that, The grinding base (201) has a fixed shaft hole (211) located on the side of the rectangular channel (205) near the tailstock (102). A rotating cylinder (212) is rotatably installed inside the fixed shaft hole (211). The end of the rotating cylinder (212) away from the grinding wheel (203) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the drive motor (204). Three linkage bars (213) are fixedly installed at equal intervals along the circumferential direction on the inner wall of the rotating cylinder (212). The end of the rotating cylinder (212) near the grinding wheel (203) is open. The rotating cylinder (212) has a slidingly inserted linkage shaft (214) inside. Three linkage grooves (215) are evenly spaced along the circumference of the surface of the linkage shaft (214). Three linkage bars (213) are slidably inserted into the three linkage grooves (215). A mounting short column (216) is coaxially fixedly installed on the surface of the linkage shaft (214) near the grinding wheel (203). A drive bevel gear (217) is sleeved on the outside of the mounting short column (216). The drive bevel gear (217) has openings on the side near the grinding base (201). A circular groove is provided, and a protruding strip is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the circular groove. The protruding strip is slidably inserted into the linkage groove (215). A locking nut (218) is installed on the external thread of the mounting column (216). The locking nut (218) fixes the drive bevel gear (217). A driven shaft (219) is inserted into the center of the grinding wheel (203). The two ends of the driven shaft (219) are rotatably mounted on the ends of the two mounting arm plates (202). The end of the driven shaft (219) near the rotating cylinder (212) is fixed. A driven bevel gear (220) is fixedly connected to the drive bevel gear (217). An isolation box (221) is fitted on the outside of the drive bevel gear (217) and the driven bevel gear (220). The isolation box (221) is fixedly connected to the surface of the mounting arm plate (202) on the front side of the grinding wheel (203). The driven shaft (219) is rotatably inserted into the rear side of the isolation box (221). The linkage shaft (214) is rotatably inserted into the side of the isolation box (221) near the grinding base (201). An electric telescopic rod (222) is fixedly installed on the side of the grinding base (201) near the isolation box (221). The electric telescopic rod (222) is electrically connected to the external control box. The end of the electric telescopic rod (222) extending inside the isolation box (221) points to the side of the isolation box (221) near the grinding base (201). A probe (223) located between two mounting arm plates (202) is fixedly installed on the end face of the rectangular arm (208) near the grinding wheel (203). The probe (223) is signal connected to the external control box. The axis of the probe (223) passes horizontally through the axis of the grinding wheel (203).

5. An adjustable device for controlling runout during the finishing process of a slender shaft forging according to claim 1, characterized in that, Two support slide rods (407) are symmetrically fixedly connected to the surface of the U-shaped component (405) near the extension block (403). The support slide rods (407) are movably inserted into the end face of the extension block (403) and able Axial movement; The compensation block (402) has an open groove (408) on its side away from the long axis (104). The compensation vertical bar (401) is slidably inserted into the open groove (408). Both compensation blocks (402) have threaded holes (409) in the middle. The two threaded holes (409) are respectively threaded with a forward screw (410) and a reverse screw (411). The reverse screw (411) is located on the upper side of the forward screw (410). The bottom end of the reverse screw (411) is fixedly connected to the top end of the forward screw (410). The top end of the reverse screw (411) is fixedly connected to an operating plate (412). A crank handle (413) that is off-center is fixedly connected to the top surface of the operating plate (412). The compensation horizontal block (402) has an indicator arrow on its side away from the reverse screw (411), and the compensation vertical bar (401) has a scale line on its side away from the reverse screw (411). The indicator arrow is matched with the scale line.

6. The adjustable device for controlling runout during the finishing process of a slender shaft forging according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom end of the forward screw (410) is movably inserted into the top surface of the upper plate (608). Multiple fixing teeth (609) are evenly spaced on the two surfaces of the upper plate (608) and the lower plate (607) that are close to each other. The fixing teeth (609) mesh with the linkage gear (606). A sealing cover plate (610) is bolted to the bottom surface of the displacement strip (301). The sealing cover plate (610) seals the lower plate (607) in the sliding groove (601). The two limiting arm plates (302) are fixedly connected. Two head pins (611) are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the sealing cover plate (610) and located at both ends of it. Two head pins (611) are fixedly connected to the end of the upper plate (608) near the synchronous block (503). Springs (612) are movably installed on the two head pins (611). A tail pin (613) is movably installed on the other end of the spring (612). The bottom end of the tail pin (613) is fixedly connected to the top surface of the displacement strip (301) and away from the synchronous block (503). The spring (612) is in a stretched state.

7. An adjustable device for controlling runout during the finishing process of a slender shaft forging according to claim 6, characterized in that, The positioning mechanism (7) includes a positioning strip (701) and an adjustment hole (702). The positioning strip (701) is fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the inner cavity of the track hole (603). The positioning strip (701) is located on the side of the forward screw (410) close to the synchronizing block (503) and on the side of the head pin (611) away from the synchronizing block (503). There are multiple adjustment holes (702). Multiple adjustment holes (702) are respectively opened on the front and rear sides of the inner cavity of the track hole (603) and located between the positioning strip (701) and the head pin (611). The adjustment holes (702) on the front and rear sides of the inner cavity of the track hole (603) correspond one to one. Starting from the end of the displacement strip (301) close to the synchronizing block (503), the third adjustment hole (702) is movably inserted with an adjustment baffle (703). The adjustment baffle (703) is adapted to the head pin (611).

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