Water-based bright cover paste with specular gloss effect, and preparation method and application of water-based bright cover paste

Abstract

The invention discloses water-based light cover slurry with a specular gloss effect and a preparation method and application thereof, and the water-based light cover slurry is prepared from the following raw material components in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of a water-based polyurethane dispersion, 0.1-0.5 part of a dispersing agent, 5-10 parts of a humectant, 1-5 parts of simethicone, 0.1-0.5 part of a flatting agent, 0.1-0.5 part of a defoaming agent, 1-5 parts of a thickening agent and 1-3 parts of aminated polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane. 5 to 10 parts of a beta-cyclodextrin grafted polyurethane aqueous emulsion, wherein the solid content of the beta-cyclodextrin grafted polyurethane aqueous emulsion is 65 wt% to 75 wt%; when in use, the covering paste and the cross-linking agent are mixed and stirred, the mixture is scraped and printed on a mucilage layer coated on the surface of a textile by silk-screen printing, and drying treatment is carried out after drying; the cover slurry is high in gloss, high in washability and high in wear resistance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of topcoat technology, and in particular to a water-based glossy topcoat with a mirror-like gloss effect, its preparation method and application. Background Technology

[0002] As a surface treatment material, topcoat paste is widely used in textiles, building materials, and industrial products. Its core function is to impart special properties to the substrate through film formation. Current technologies primarily utilize waterborne polyurethane, acrylates, and silicone copolymers, optimizing functionality through molecular structure design. For example, polyurethane topcoat pastes enhance film elasticity by introducing flexible segments, while silicone modification improves surface smoothness. Acrylic systems focus on rapid drying and improved weather resistance, with some products using nanoparticle composite technology to enhance abrasion resistance. In terms of application processes, tailored technologies have been developed for different substrates. For instance, in the textile industry, low-temperature crosslinking technology enables compatibility between machine and hand printing, while in the building materials industry, interface modifiers enhance the adhesion strength of concrete overcoat layers.

[0003] Traditional topcoat coatings have shortcomings in terms of gloss, washability, and abrasion resistance. In terms of gloss, traditional formulations are limited by the resin molecular structure, and the coating surface is prone to micro-roughness, which leads to enhanced light scattering and makes it difficult to achieve a high-gloss effect. In terms of washability, the film layer is prone to peeling or whitening after repeated washing due to the limitation of crosslinking density. In terms of abrasion resistance, pure organic film-forming substances are prone to scratches under mechanical friction. Although adding inorganic fillers can increase hardness, it will reduce flexibility and make the film layer brittle and prone to cracking. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of topcoat pastes in terms of gloss, washability, and abrasion resistance, a water-based glossy topcoat paste with a mirror-like gloss effect is provided, along with its preparation method and applications.

[0005] The first inventive objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: A water-based glossy top coat with a mirror-like finish comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of waterborne polyurethane dispersion Dispersant 0.1-0.5 parts, 5-10 parts moisturizer 1-5 parts of dimethyl silicone oil Leveling agent 0.1-0.5 parts, Defoamer 0.1-0.5 parts, Thickener 1-5 parts, amino-modified cage-type polysilsesquioxane 1-3 parts 5-10 parts of β-cyclodextrin-grafted polyurethane aqueous emulsion. The β-cyclodextrin-grafted polyurethane emulsion has a solid content of 65wt%-75wt%.

[0006] By adopting the above technical solution, the waterborne polyurethane dispersion, as a continuous phase base material, forms the framework for film formation and performance. Its molecular chain contains soft segments composed of oligomeric polyols and hard segments composed of diisocyanates and small molecule chain extenders. During the drying and film formation process of the dispersion, water evaporates, and latex particles undergo irreversible close packing, deformation, and fusion. The soft segments provide the flexibility of the molecular chain, enabling the coating to have the necessary extensibility and low-temperature flexibility. The hard segments form physical cross-linking points through strong hydrogen bonds and ionic bonds, constituting rigid micro-regions, which enable the formation of a dense, tough, and elastic continuous paint film. The dispersant is adsorbed on the surface of the nanoparticles, and its hydrophilic end extends into the aqueous phase. By generating a strong steric hindrance effect, it prevents the particles from agglomerating or settling due to Brownian motion collisions, ensuring that the solid components are stably dispersed in the system at or near the original particle size throughout the entire storage and use period. Humectants reduce the vapor pressure of water in the system, slow down the evaporation rate of water, and reduce defects such as poor particle fusion, internal stress concentration and surface unevenness caused by excessive drying. Dimethyl silicone oil is a non-reactive, hydrophobic linear polysiloxane. Its incompatibility with aqueous systems and extremely low surface tension cause it to spontaneously migrate to the surface of the coating during film formation, forming a molecular-level organosilicon-rich layer on the outermost layer of the coating. This not only further reduces surface tension to promote leveling in the later stages of film formation and provides lubrication on the coating surface, but also reduces the dynamic and static friction coefficients of the coating due to the flexibility of its siloxane backbone and the outward orientation of the methyl groups. This makes it difficult for external friction objects to scratch the surface, improving the coating's scratch resistance and resistance to repeated friction. Leveling agents promote rapid spread of coatings after application, eliminate defects such as brush marks and orange peel, and ensure an extremely smooth macroscopic surface; defoamers prevent pinholes or depressions in the paint film due to bubble rupture by destroying and inhibiting the foam structure, thus ensuring the continuity and integrity of the paint film; thickeners regulate rheology, impart shear-thinning behavior, control the uniformity of coating thickness, prevent sagging, and ensure consistent gloss and abrasion resistance. Aminated cage-type polysilsesquioxane nano-reinforced fillers, with dimensions much smaller than the wavelength of visible light, do not cause light scattering. This allows them to improve the mechanical properties of the coating film while maintaining transparency. During the curing stage after film formation, the amino groups modified on their surface can undergo efficient covalent bonding reactions with the abundant carboxyl groups on the waterborne polyurethane molecular chains or with added crosslinking agents, forming a strong and tough organic-inorganic hybrid interpenetrating network. When subjected to external forces, this structure can effectively disperse stress, hinder the slippage and plastic deformation of polymer chain segments, and improve the hardness, modulus, tensile strength, and creep resistance of the coating. At the same time, the highly uniformly dispersed nanocages fill the gaps between polymer chains, making the coating denser and forming complex tortuous paths for the penetration of media such as water molecules and ionic detergents, thereby improving barrier properties and chemical resistance. β-Cyclodextrin-grafted polyurethane aqueous emulsions are aqueous emulsions formed by chemically grafting β-cyclodextrin units into the side chains or ends of polyurethane. The molecular structure of β-cyclodextrin is a truncated cone-shaped hydrophobic cavity, which can selectively accommodate hydrophobic molecules through "host-guest inclusion". During the drying and curing process of the coating, it can effectively control the migration rate and distribution of hydrophobic additives, realize the slow release of functional molecules, and avoid their excessive aggregation or precipitation, thereby maintaining the uniformity of surface properties. The polyurethane chain segments serve as the grafting skeleton, ensuring excellent chemical compatibility and physical entanglement between the emulsion and the main aqueous polyurethane dispersion. During the film formation process, it forms a tight interpenetrating network with the matrix. Through the participation of active groups (such as -NCO, -OH) in crosslinking, it strengthens the overall cohesion and density of the coating. Moreover, its strong bonding force with the matrix gives the coating excellent flexibility and adhesion, ensuring the integrity of the coating during repeated bending or washing of textiles. β-Cyclodextrin-grafted polyurethane, as a high-performance polymer dispersant and compatibilizer, can further promote and stabilize the depolymerization and uniform dispersion of aminated cage-like polysilsesquioxane nanoparticles in aqueous systems through steric hindrance and hydrogen bonding. This prevents self-aggregation due to high surface energy and ensures the macroscopic uniformity of the nano-reinforcement effect. Furthermore, the rigid cage structure of the aminated cage-like polysilsesquioxane serves as a physical crosslinking point, effectively enhancing the rigidity of the polymer network. Meanwhile, β-Cyclodextrin-grafted polyurethane provides a dynamic and flexible connection and stress dissipation mechanism through its supramolecular inclusion ability and polymer chain entanglement. This "rigid-flexible" structure allows the rigid particles to resist deformation and wear when the coating is subjected to mechanical stress from friction or washing, while the flexible supramolecular network absorbs and disperses stress, preventing the generation and propagation of cracks. In summary, the high gloss, high washability, and high abrasion resistance are achieved through the individual components and their synergistic effects.

[0007] Optionally, the dispersant is a polyacrylic acid dispersant.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the long hydrophilic segments of the polyacrylic acid dispersant extend in the medium to form a steric barrier, effectively preventing particles from agglomerating due to Brownian motion collisions. This allows components such as aminated cage-type silsesquioxanes to be dispersed uniformly and stably for a long time, avoiding precipitation or aggregation. It also prevents particles from agglomerating in the dry film and forming defects, thereby reducing the uniformity and clarity of surface gloss. Furthermore, uniform dispersion allows the reinforcing effect of each component to be fully utilized, avoiding local stress concentration, and thus improving the overall wear resistance and durability of the coating.

[0009] Optionally, the humectant may be one or more of propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, and 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solutions, propylene glycol, a small-molecule diol, has excellent volatility balance, effectively moisturizes, and possesses superior freeze-thaw stability, lowering the freezing point of the system and ensuring that the product maintains its original performance after low-temperature storage. Its moderate hygroscopicity avoids excessive moisture absorption that could reduce the coating's water resistance. The ether bond structure in diethylene glycol molecules gives it stronger hydrophilicity and a higher boiling point, enabling it to maintain the coating in a "wet state" for longer and providing a longer leveling window. 2-Methyl-2,4-pentanediol is a branched diol. The steric hindrance effect brought by its branched structure can effectively reduce the minimum film-forming temperature of emulsion polymers in aqueous systems, promote the fusion of polymer particles at lower temperatures, form a denser film, and significantly reduce the surface tension of the system. It also works synergistically with leveling agents to promote wetting of the substrate and dissolve some polymer segments, resulting in a more continuous and smooth film.

[0011] Optionally, the leveling agent is a silicone leveling agent.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the silicone leveling agent has extremely low surface tension. During the film formation process, it rapidly migrates to the surface of the paint film to form a monolayer with uniform surface tension. This eliminates the surface tension gradient caused by solvent evaporation, temperature differences, or different substrates, effectively suppresses the generation of leveling defects such as orange peel and brush marks, and promotes the smoothness of the coating at the microscopic level.

[0013] Optionally, the defoamer is a polyether-modified polysiloxane defoamer.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the polyether-modified polysiloxane defoamer has unique "amphiphilic balance" and "interface regulation" capabilities. Its molecular structure consists of a hydrophobic polydimethylsiloxane backbone and a hydrophilic polyether side chain. The hydrophilic polyether segment allows it to be well dispersed in aqueous media, avoiding pinholes caused by poor compatibility. The hydrophobic siloxane segment gives it extremely low surface tension, enabling it to spread rapidly at the gas-liquid interface. With its lower surface energy, the defoamer molecule quickly penetrates and replaces the stable interfacial film encapsulating the bubbles. At the same time, its hydrophobic part invades the bubble wall, causing uneven film thickness and surface tension imbalance, ultimately causing the bubble wall to rupture, merge, and escape. The hydrophilicity of its polyether segment allows it to partially reintegrate into the system after bubble rupture, avoiding long-term floating on the surface and forming defects, maintaining high gloss, and also avoiding a decrease in wear resistance due to surface defects.

[0015] Optionally, the thickener is a water-based polyurethane thickener.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, waterborne polyurethane thickener, as a non-ionic associative thickener, forms a three-dimensional network structure through the mutual association of hydrophobic groups in the molecular chain, providing shear-thinning rheological behavior. Under static conditions, its high viscosity prevents particle sedimentation. During construction, the network is temporarily disrupted by shear force, and the viscosity decreases to facilitate coating. Afterward, the viscosity is restored to prevent sagging. This rheological control results in uniform coating thickness, a smooth surface, consistent gloss, and improved workability.

[0017] The second objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: A method for preparing the above-mentioned water-based glossy top coat with a mirror-like finish includes the following steps: S1: Add the aqueous polyurethane dispersion and water to a mixing tank and stir to mix, obtaining mixture A; S2: Add dispersant and humectant to mixture A, stir for 5-10 minutes, then add dimethyl silicone oil and continue stirring for 10-30 minutes to obtain mixture B; S3: Add leveling agent, defoamer, aminated cage-type polysilsesquioxane and β-cyclodextrin-grafted polyurethane aqueous emulsion to mixture B, stir and disperse to obtain mixture C; S4: Add thickener to mixture C and stir to obtain a water-based glossy top coat with a mirror-like finish.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the main resin is first mixed, and then dispersion, moisturizing and silicone oil components are introduced in sequence to optimize the uniformity and leveling effect of the system. Then, surface additives are added to eliminate defects, and finally the rheology is adjusted. This sequence avoids component conflicts and excessive shearing, ensures the stability of the slurry, and ensures that the functions of each component are fully utilized, so that the film can achieve excellent gloss, washability and abrasion resistance.

[0019] The third inventive objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: The application of the above-mentioned water-based glossy topcoat with a mirror-like finish is as follows: the above-mentioned water-based glossy topcoat with a mirror-like finish is mixed and stirred with a crosslinking agent, and then screen-printed onto the adhesive layer coated on the surface of the textile using a screen printing tool. After drying, it is then subjected to a drying process.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solutions, screen printing can more accurately control the coating thickness and uniformity, ensuring consistent gloss. During the curing process, the crosslinking agent reacts with the active groups in the top coat to form a three-dimensional crosslinking network, which enhances the coating cohesion and adhesion to the substrate. This reinforced structure improves washability, resists friction and chemical erosion, and at the same time maintains a mirror-like gloss on the smooth surface.

[0021] Optionally, the mass ratio of water-based glossy topcoat paste with a mirror-like finish to crosslinking agent is 100:(0.3-0.8).

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, this ratio range ensures that the amount of crosslinking agent is moderate, which can fully react with the active groups in the system to form enough crosslinking points to improve hardness, wear resistance and solvent resistance, while avoiding excessive crosslinking that would cause the coating to become brittle. It participates in the reaction uniformly, builds a dense and flexible network structure, balances mechanical properties and adhesion, optimizes washability and wear resistance, and maintains high gloss.

[0023] In summary, this application has at least the following beneficial effects: (1) Aminated cage-type polysilsesquioxane is a transparent nano-reinforced filler. The surface amino groups can covalently crosslink with the resin during curing to form a strong organic-inorganic hybrid network, which effectively disperses stress, inhibits chain segment slippage, and improves the mechanical properties and dense barrier properties of the coating. (2) β-cyclodextrin grafted polyurethane emulsion utilizes the host-guest inclusion effect of cyclodextrin cavity to regulate the migration and distribution of functional additives, achieve sustained release, is highly compatible with matrix resin and participates in cross-linking, forming a tight interpenetrating network, and endows the coating with uniform surface properties. (3) β-cyclodextrin-grafted polyurethane stabilizes the dispersion of nanofillers through steric hindrance. Its flexible supramolecular network works synergistically with rigid nanoparticles to form a structure that combines rigidity and flexibility. While resisting deformation, it dissipates stress and enhances the wear resistance and crack resistance of the coating. Detailed Implementation

[0024] raw material Waterborne polyurethane dispersion, brand name U42, 50wt% solid content, anionic, purchased from Guangzhou Haoyi New Material Technology Co., Ltd. Polyacrylic acid dispersants, brand name A987 was purchased from Guangzhou Oupeng Chemical Co., Ltd. Polyether phosphate dispersant, brand name TEGO Dispers 655, purchased from Shanghai Buding Chemical Co., Ltd. Propylene glycol (99.9 wt%), diethylene glycol (98 wt%), and 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol (99 wt%) were all purchased from Shanghai Maclean Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd. Polyethylene glycol, with an average molecular weight of 400, was purchased from Shanghai Maclean Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd. Dimethyl silicone oil, viscosity 500 mPa.s, purchased from Shanghai Yuanye Biotechnology Co., Ltd. The silicone leveling agent, brand name Synde-122D, was purchased from Zhuhai Xiande New Material Technology Co., Ltd. Acrylic leveling agent, brand name LD-9601, Yangzhou Lida Resin Co., Ltd.; Polyether-modified polysiloxane defoamer, brand name RianPont8407, was purchased from Sichuan Ruikaibang Chemical Materials Co., Ltd. Polyether defoamer, model DH-X2215, purchased from Foshan Dihui Chemical Co., Ltd. Waterborne polyurethane thickener, brand name Ningbo Viscolam PS166, sourced from commercially available products; Hydroxyethyl cellulose, viscosity 1500 mPa·s, was purchased from Shanghai Maclean Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd. Aminated cage-type polysilsesquioxane, specifically an octaamino cage-type polysilsesquioxane with a purity of 95 wt%, was purchased from Xi'an Ruixi Biotechnology Co., Ltd. β-Cyclodextrin, 98 wt% purity, was purchased from Shanghai Maclean Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd. Polytetrahydrofuran, with an average molecular weight of 1800, was purchased from Shanghai Maclean Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd. Isophorone diisocyanate, purity 99.9 wt%, purchased from Shanghai Maclean Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd. Stannous octoate catalyst, 95 wt% purity, was purchased from Shanghai Maclean Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd. Dimethylolpropionic acid, 98 wt% purity, was purchased from Shanghai Maclean Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd. N,N-dimethylformamide, purity 99.8 wt%, purchased from Shanghai Maclean Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd. Triethylamine, 99.5 wt% purity, was purchased from Shanghai Maclean Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd.

[0025] Preparation Example 1 A β-cyclodextrin-grafted polyurethane aqueous emulsion is prepared by the following method: 2.39 kg of polytetrahydrofuran (PTMEG) and 4.86 kg of isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) were added to a reactor, and stirring was started at 80 rpm. Nitrogen gas was introduced into the reactor until the nitrogen volume content reached 99%. The temperature was raised to 85°C, and the stirring speed was adjusted to 120 rpm. 9.6 g of stannous octoate catalyst was added, and the reaction was carried out for 2 hours. 0.397 kg of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) was dissolved in 0.96 L of N,N-dimethylformamide. A β-cyclodextrin solution was obtained. The temperature inside the reactor was lowered to 70°C, and the β-cyclodextrin solution was added dropwise to the reactor at a rate of 5 mL / s. After the addition was complete, the reaction was carried out for 1 h. 0.424 kg of dimethylolpropionic acid (DMPA) was dissolved in 0.96 L of N,N-dimethylformamide solution to obtain a dimethylolpropionic acid solution. The temperature inside the reactor was lowered to 65°C, and the dimethylolpropionic acid solution was added dropwise to the reactor at a rate of 5 mL / s. After the addition was complete, the reaction was carried out for 2 h to obtain a prepolymer solution. The temperature inside the reactor was lowered to 40℃. 0.319 kg of triethylamine was added to 3.6 kg of deionized water to obtain a triethylamine solution. The prepolymer solution was then added to the triethylamine solution, and the mixture was dispersed at 12000 rpm for 2 hours at room temperature (25℃) using an emulsifier to obtain a β-cyclodextrin-grafted polyurethane aqueous emulsion with a solid content of 70 wt%. The formula for calculating the solid content is (W... IPDI +W PTMEG +W β-CD +W DMPA +W 三乙胺 ) / (W IPDI +W PTMEG +W β-CD +W DMPA +W 三乙胺 +W 水 )*100%.

[0026] Preparation Example 2 A β-cyclodextrin-grafted polyurethane aqueous emulsion differs from Preparation Example 1 in that: 4.523 kg of deionized water is added, i.e., the solid content is 65 wt%; the remaining portion is the same as Preparation Example 1.

[0027] Preparation Example 3 A β-cyclodextrin-grafted polyurethane aqueous emulsion differs from Preparation Example 1 in that: 2.8 kg of deionized water is added, resulting in a solid content of 75 wt%; the remaining components are the same as in Preparation Example 1.

[0028] Example 1 A water-based glossy topcoat with a mirror-like finish is prepared from the following raw material components by weight: 70 kg of water-based polyurethane dispersion, 0.3 kg of polyacrylic acid dispersant, 8 kg of propylene glycol, 3 kg of dimethyl silicone oil, 0.3 kg of organosilicon leveling agent, 0.3 kg of polyether-modified polysiloxane defoamer, 3 kg of water-based polyurethane thickener, 2 kg of aminated cage-type polysilsesquioxane, and 8 kg of β-cyclodextrin-grafted polyurethane aqueous emulsion. The β-cyclodextrin-grafted polyurethane aqueous emulsion is derived from Preparation Example 1.

[0029] Its preparation method is as follows: S1: Add 5 kg of deionized water to a mixing tank, add 70 kg of aqueous polyurethane dispersion at a stirring speed of 100 rpm, and stir for 15 min to obtain mixture A; S2: Increase the stirring speed to 200 rpm. While stirring, add 2 kg of aminated cage-type polysilsesquioxane, 0.3 kg of polyacrylic acid dispersant, 8 kg of propylene glycol, and 8 kg of β-cyclodextrin-grafted polyurethane aqueous emulsion in sequence. After the addition is complete, stir for 8 min. Adjust the stirring speed to 100 rpm and add 3 kg of dimethyl silicone oil. After the addition is complete, stir for 30 min to obtain mixture B. S3: Adjust the stirring speed to 50 rpm, add 0.3 kg of organosilicon leveling agent and 0.3 kg of polyether modified polysiloxane defoamer in sequence, stir for 10 min to obtain mixture C; S4: Add 3 kg of waterborne polyurethane thickener to 15 kg of deionized water and stir at 200 rpm for 15 min to obtain waterborne polyurethane thickener slurry. Add the waterborne polyurethane thickener slurry to mixture C and stir at 20 rpm for 20 min. Stop stirring and let stand for 15 min to obtain waterborne glossy topcoat with a mirror-like finish.

[0030] Comparative Example 1 A water-based glossy topcoat with a mirror-like finish differs from Example 1 in that it does not contain aminated cage-type polysilsesquioxane; the rest is the same as Example 1.

[0031] Comparative Example 2 A water-based glossy topcoat with a mirror-like finish differs from Example 1 in that it does not contain β-cyclodextrin-grafted polyurethane emulsion; the rest is the same as Example 1.

[0032] Example 2 A water-based glossy topcoat with a mirror-like finish differs from Example 1 in that it uses a polyether phosphate dispersant in place of a polyacrylic acid dispersant; the rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0033] Example 3 A water-based glossy topcoat with a mirror-like finish differs from Example 1 in that it uses diethylene glycol in place of propylene glycol by mass; the rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0034] Example 4 A water-based glossy topcoat with a mirror-like finish differs from Example 1 in that it uses 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol instead of propylene glycol by mass; the rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0035] Example 5 A water-based glossy topcoat with a mirror-like finish differs from Example 1 in that it uses polyethylene glycol in place of propylene glycol by mass; the rest is the same as Example 1.

[0036] Example 6 A water-based glossy topcoat with a mirror-like finish differs from Example 1 in that it uses an acrylic leveling agent in place of a silicone leveling agent; the rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0037] Example 7 A water-based glossy topcoat with a mirror-like finish differs from Example 1 in that it uses a polyether defoamer of equal mass to replace the polyether-modified polysiloxane defoamer; the rest is the same as Example 1.

[0038] Example 8 A water-based glossy topcoat with a mirror-like finish differs from Example 1 in that it uses hydroxyethyl cellulose in place of the water-based polyurethane thickener; the rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0039] Example 9 A water-based glossy topcoat with a mirror-like finish differs from Example 1 in that: 60 kg of water-based polyurethane dispersion, 0.1 kg of polyacrylic acid dispersant, 5 kg of propylene glycol, 1 kg of dimethyl silicone oil, 0.1 kg of silicone leveling agent, 0.1 kg of polyether-modified polysiloxane defoamer, 1 kg of water-based polyurethane thickener, 1 kg of aminated cage-type polysilsesquioxane, and 5 kg of β-cyclodextrin-grafted polyurethane aqueous emulsion, the β-cyclodextrin-grafted polyurethane aqueous emulsion being derived from Preparation Example 2; the remaining components are the same as in Example 1.

[0040] Example 10 A water-based glossy topcoat with a mirror-like finish differs from Example 1 in that: 80 kg of water-based polyurethane dispersion, 0.5 kg of polyacrylic acid dispersant, 10 kg of propylene glycol, 5 kg of dimethyl silicone oil, 0.5 kg of silicone leveling agent, 0.5 kg of polyether-modified polysiloxane defoamer, 5 kg of water-based polyurethane thickener, 3 kg of aminated cage-type polysilsesquioxane, and 10 kg of β-cyclodextrin-grafted polyurethane aqueous emulsion, the β-cyclodextrin-grafted polyurethane aqueous emulsion being derived from Preparation Example 3; the remaining components are the same as in Example 1.

[0041] Application Example 1 An application of a water-based glossy overcoat paste with a mirror-like finish is described. 0.2 kg of isocyanate crosslinking agent is added to 50 kg of the water-based glossy overcoat paste with a mirror-like finish. The mixture is stirred at 300 rpm for 5 minutes to obtain a mixed overcoat paste. The mixed overcoat paste is then printed onto a dry adhesive layer on the surface of a textile fabric using a 120-mesh screen (employing a two-stage printing process with three back-and-forth strokes per stage). The mixture is allowed to stand and dry for 12 hours, followed by drying at 120°C for 2 minutes. The textile fabric has a weight of 180 g / m². 2 The fabric is made of pure cotton, and the paste layer consists of an MP2338W machine-printed white paste base layer and a fluorescent green paste layer.

[0042] Application Example 2-11 The application of a water-based glossy top coat with a mirror-like finish differs from Application Example 1 in that the source of the water-based glossy top coat with the mirror-like finish is different, as detailed in Table 1; the rest is the same as Application Example 1.

[0043] Table 1. Sources of Water-Based Glossy Topcoat with Mirror-Smooth Effect source source Application Example 2 Example 2 Application Example 8 Example 8 Application Example 3 Example 3 Application Example 9 Example 9 Application Example 4 Example 4 Application Example 10 Example 10 Application Example 5 Example 5 Application Example 11 Comparative Example 1 Application Example 6 Example 6 Application Example 12 Comparative Example 2 Application Example 7 Example 7 Application Example 13 An application of a water-based glossy topcoat with a mirror-like finish differs from Application Example 1 in that: the isocyanate crosslinking agent is 0.15 kg; the rest is the same as in Application Example 1.

[0044] Application Example 14 An application of a water-based glossy topcoat with a mirror-like finish differs from Application Example 1 in that: the isocyanate crosslinking agent is 0.3 kg; the rest is the same as in Application Example 1.

[0045] Application Example 15 An application of a water-based glossy topcoat with a mirror-like finish differs from Application Example 1 in that: the isocyanate crosslinking agent is 0.1 kg; the rest is the same as in Application Example 1.

[0046] Application Example 16 An application of a water-based glossy topcoat with a mirror-like finish differs from Application Example 1 in that: the isocyanate crosslinking agent is 0.35 kg; the rest is the same as in Application Example 1.

[0047] The following tests were performed on test cases 1-15: The gloss was measured using a YS3060 high-precision grating spectrophotometer with a 3nh gloss meter and a measurement angle of 60°. The results are shown in Table 2. According to GB / T 3920-2008 "Textiles - Tests for color fastness to rubbing - Color fastness to rubbing", the abrasion resistance test was conducted. The diameter of the rubbing head was 16 mm, the downward pressure was 9 N, the reciprocating stroke was 100 mm, the reciprocating speed was 60 times / min, and the number of rubbing cycles was 10 dry rubbing cycles and 10 wet rubbing cycles (wet rubbing cloth with a moisture content of 95%). The test results are shown in Table 2. The water fastness test was conducted according to GB / T 5713-2013 "Textiles - Tests for color fastness - Water fastness". The test solution was deionized water, and the ratio of liquid volume (mL) to sample mass (g) was 50:1. The test results are shown in Table 2.

[0048] Table 2 Results of Performance Testing of Topcoat Slurry Based on Table 2, the test results are analyzed as follows: The gloss, rubbing fastness, and water fastness grades of Application Example 1 are all greater than those of Application Example 2.

[0049] The difference between Application Example 1 and Application Example 2 is that the dispersant added to the topcoat paste used in Application Example 1 is a polyacrylic acid dispersant. Polyacrylic acid dispersants form steric hindrance through their extended hydrophilic segments, effectively inhibiting particle aggregation caused by Brownian motion, and ensuring long-term uniform dispersion of components such as aminated cage-type silsesquioxanes, avoiding precipitation, intrafilm defects, and local stress concentration, thereby improving the gloss uniformity, abrasion resistance, and durability of the coating. It can be seen that adding a polyacrylic acid dispersant to the topcoat paste is superior.

[0050] The gloss, rubbing fastness, and water fastness grades of Application Examples 1 and 3-4 are all greater than those of Application Example 5.

[0051] The difference between Application Examples 1, 3-4, and 5 is as follows: In Application Examples 1 and 3-4, the humectant added to the topcoat is selected from propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, and 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol. Propylene glycol has both moisturizing properties and freeze-thaw stability, which can lower the freezing point and prevent excessive moisture absorption. Diethylene glycol has stronger hydrophilicity and a higher boiling point due to the presence of ether bonds, which helps to prolong the wet state and leveling time of the coating. The branched structure of 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol can reduce the film-forming temperature and surface tension of the system, promote the fusion of emulsion particles and continuous film formation, and synergistically improve the wetting effect with the leveling agent. It can be seen that the humectant added to the topcoat is selected from propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, and 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol.

[0052] The gloss, rubbing fastness, and water fastness grades of Application Example 1 are all greater than those of Application Example 6.

[0053] The difference between Application Example 1 and Application Example 6 is that the leveling agent added to the top coat in Application Example 1 is an organosilicone leveling agent. Organosilicone leveling agents have extremely low surface tension, can quickly migrate to the coating surface, reduce the surface tension of the system, thereby improving the wetting and spreading ability of the substrate, and can homogenize the surface tension of the coating, eliminating defects such as orange peel and pinholes caused by solvent evaporation or uneven film formation, ensuring a smooth and flat coating surface. It can be seen that using an organosilicone leveling agent in the top coat is superior.

[0054] The gloss, rubbing fastness, and water fastness grades of Application Example 1 are all greater than those of Application Example 7.

[0055] The difference between Application Example 1 and Application Example 7 is that the defoamer added to the topcoat paste used in Application Example 1 is a polyether-modified polysiloxane defoamer. The polyether-modified polysiloxane defoamer has a unique amphiphilic structure: the hydrophobic siloxane backbone enables it to effectively destroy the stability of bubbles, while the hydrophilic polyether side chain ensures its good compatibility in the aqueous system, enabling it to defoam efficiently and avoid surface defects such as pinholes, thus helping to maintain the gloss and durability of the coating. It can be seen that the defoamer added to the topcoat paste is a polyether-modified polysiloxane defoamer, which is superior.

[0056] The gloss, rubbing fastness, and water fastness grades of Application Example 1 are all greater than those of Application Example 8.

[0057] The difference between Application Example 1 and Application Example 8 is that the thickener added to the topcoat in Application Example 1 is a water-based polyurethane thickener. Water-based polyurethane is a non-ionic associative thickener whose hydrophobic groups can associate to form a three-dimensional network, giving the system shear-thinning rheological properties. Its high viscosity at static conditions can effectively reduce sedimentation, and its viscosity decreases under construction shear to facilitate coating. It then recovers quickly to avoid sagging, thereby ensuring a uniform and smooth coating. It can be seen that using a water-based polyurethane thickener as the thickener in the topcoat is superior.

[0058] The gloss, rubbing fastness, and water fastness grades of Application Example 1 are all greater than those of Application Examples 9-10.

[0059] The difference between Application Example 1 and Application Examples 9-10 is that in Application Example 1, the mass ratio of the waterborne polyurethane dispersion, polyacrylic acid dispersant, propylene glycol, dimethyl silicone oil, organosilicon leveling agent, polyether-modified polysiloxane defoamer, waterborne polyurethane thickener, aminated cage-type polysilsesquioxane, and β-cyclodextrin-grafted polyurethane water emulsion in the topcoat paste is 70:0.3:8:3:0.3:0.3:3:2:8, wherein the β-cyclodextrin-grafted polyurethane water emulsion... The solid content is 70 wt%. It can be seen that the mass ratio of waterborne polyurethane dispersion, polyacrylic acid dispersant, propylene glycol, dimethyl silicone oil, organosilicon leveling agent, polyether-modified polysiloxane defoamer, waterborne polyurethane thickener, aminated cage-type polysilsesquioxane, and β-cyclodextrin-grafted polyurethane emulsion in the top dressing is 70:0.3:8:3:0.3:0.3:3:2:8, among which the solid content of β-cyclodextrin-grafted polyurethane emulsion at 70 wt% is preferred.

[0060] The gloss, rubbing fastness, and water fastness grades of Application Example 1 are all greater than those of Application Example 11.

[0061] The difference between Application Example 1 and Application Example 11 is that the topcoat used in Application Example 1 contains aminated cage-type polysilsesquioxane. Aminated cage-type polysilsesquioxane has a size smaller than the wavelength of visible light, which can keep the coating transparent. The amino groups on the surface can form covalent crosslinks with the resin during curing, constructing an organic-inorganic hybrid network, which improves the hardness, strength and creep resistance of the coating. At the same time, its uniformly dispersed nanostructure can densify the coating, effectively blocking the penetration of media such as water and ions, and enhancing chemical resistance. It can be seen that the addition of aminated cage-type polysilsesquioxane to the topcoat is necessary.

[0062] The gloss, rubbing fastness, and water fastness grades of Application Example 1 are all greater than those of Application Example 12.

[0063] The difference between Application Example 1 and Application Example 12 is that the topcoat used in Application Example 1 contains β-cyclodextrin-grafted polyurethane aqueous emulsion. As a dispersant and compatibilizer, β-cyclodextrin-grafted polyurethane can promote and stabilize the uniform dispersion of nanoparticles in the aqueous system through steric hindrance and hydrogen bonding. In the composite coating, rigid nanoparticles enhance the network strength, while the flexible supramolecular structure provides dynamic stress dissipation. This rigid-flexible synergistic mechanism effectively improves the wear resistance and crack resistance of the coating. Therefore, it is necessary to add β-cyclodextrin-grafted polyurethane aqueous emulsion to the topcoat.

[0064] The gloss, rubbing fastness, and water fastness grades of Application Example 1 are all greater than those of Application Examples 13-16; the gloss, rubbing fastness, and water fastness grades of Application Examples 13-14 are all greater than those of Application Examples 15-16.

[0065] The difference between Application Example 1 and Application Examples 13-16 is that the mass ratio of the top coat to the isocyanate crosslinking agent used in the application examples is 100:(0.3-0.8). This ratio of crosslinking agent dosage is moderate, which can fully react with the system to enhance hardness, abrasion resistance and solvent resistance, and can avoid embrittlement caused by excessive crosslinking. It can be seen that a mass ratio of 100:(0.3-0.8) of top coat to isocyanate crosslinking agent is better when used.

[0066] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art can make modifications to this embodiment without contributing any inventive step, but as long as they are within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention, they are protected by patent law.

Claims

1. An aqueous, brilliant, covering size having a mirror gloss effect, characterized in that The raw material components include the following parts by weight: aqueous polyurethane dispersion 60-80 parts, dispersant 0.1-0.5 parts, humectant 5-10 parts, dimethyl silicone oil 1-5 parts, leveling agent 0.1-0.5 parts, antifoaming agent 0.1-0.5 parts, thickening agent 1-5 parts, aminated cage polysilsesquioxane 1-3 parts, β-cyclodextrin grafted polyurethane water emulsion 5-10 parts, the solid content of the β-cyclodextrin grafted polyurethane water emulsion being 65wt%-75wt%.

2. The aqueous basecoat material according to claim 1, characterized in that The dispersant is a polyacrylic dispersant.

3. The aqueous basecoat material with a mirror gloss effect according to claim 1, characterized in that The humectant is one or more than one of propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol.

4. The aqueous basecoat material according to claim 1, wherein the aqueous basecoat material has a mirror gloss effect. The leveling agent is a silicone leveling agent.

5. The aqueous basecoat material according to claim 1, wherein the aqueous basecoat material has a mirror gloss effect. The antifoaming agent is a polyether modified polysiloxane antifoaming agent.

6. The aqueous basecoat material according to claim 1, wherein the aqueous basecoat material has a mirror gloss effect. The thickening agent is an aqueous polyurethane thickening agent.

7. A method for preparing a water-based glossy topcoat with a mirror-like finish as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: S1: adding the aqueous polyurethane dispersion and water into a stirring tank, stirring and mixing to obtain mixture A; S2: adding the dispersant and humectant into mixture A, stirring for 5-10 minutes, then adding the dimethyl silicone oil, continuing to stir for 10-30 minutes to obtain mixture B; S3: adding the leveling agent, antifoaming agent, aminated cage polysilsesquioxane and β-cyclodextrin grafted polyurethane water emulsion into mixture B, stirring and dispersing to obtain mixture C; S4: adding the thickening agent into mixture C, stirring and mixing to obtain the aqueous bright finish paste with mirror gloss effect.

8. Use of an aqueous, high-gloss, ready-to-use finishing paste according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The application scheme is: mixing and stirring the aqueous bright finish paste with mirror gloss effect according to any one of claims 1-6 and the crosslinking agent, using silk screen printing to print on the paste layer coated on the surface of the textile, and then drying and treating.

9. Use of an aqueous, high-gloss, ready-to-use, covering paste according to claim 8, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the aqueous bright finish paste with mirror gloss effect to the crosslinking agent is 100:(0.3-0.8). The raw material components include the following parts by weight: aqueous polyurethane dispersion 60-80 parts, dispersant 0.1-0.5 parts, humectant 5-10 parts, dimethyl silicone oil 1-5 parts, leveling agent 0.1-0.5 parts, antifoaming agent 0.1-0.5 parts, thickening agent 1-5 parts, aminated cage polysilsesquioxane 1-3 parts, β-cyclodextrin grafted polyurethane water emulsion 5-10 parts, the solid content of the β-cyclodextrin grafted polyurethane water emulsion being 65wt%-75wt%. The dispersant is a polyacrylic dispersant. The humectant is one or more than one of propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol. The leveling agent is a silicone leveling agent. The antifoaming agent is a polyether modified polysiloxane antifoaming agent. The thickening agent is an aqueous polyurethane thickening agent. The method includes the following steps: S1: adding the aqueous polyurethane dispersion and water into a stirring tank, stirring and mixing to obtain mixture A; S2: adding the dispersant and humectant into mixture A, stirring for 5-10 minutes, then adding the dimethyl silicone oil, continuing to stir for 10-30 minutes to obtain mixture B; S3: adding the leveling agent, antifoaming agent, aminated cage polysilsesquioxane and β-cyclodextrin grafted polyurethane water emulsion into mixture B, stirring and dispersing to obtain mixture C; S4: adding the thickening agent into mixture C, stirring and mixing to obtain the aqueous bright finish paste with mirror gloss effect. The application scheme is: mixing and stirring the aqueous bright finish paste with mirror gloss effect according to any one of claims 1-6 and the crosslinking agent, using silk screen printing to print on the paste layer coated on the surface of the textile, and then drying and treating. The mass ratio of the aqueous bright finish paste with mirror gloss effect to the crosslinking agent is 100:(0.3-0.8).

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