Layered flow distribution structure and wide-variable axial plunger motor adopting same

Abstract

The invention discloses a layered flow distribution structure and a wide-variable axial plunger motor adopting the same. The layered flow distribution structure comprises a rotor assembly and an oil distribution disc, wherein the rotor assembly is used for grouped oil supply and variable control; the oil distribution disc is arranged at the end part of the rotor assembly and is used for providing a high-pressure oil inlet channel and a low-pressure oil return channel; wherein the rotor assembly comprises a cylinder body and plungers, the cylinder body is used for containing the plungers, the cylinder body is provided with an inner-layer sealing belt, an outer-layer sealing belt and a communicating inner cavity, a plurality of groups of plunger holes are formed between the two layers of sealing belts, and the plungers are arranged in the plunger holes. Through a layered flow distribution structure, a plunger hole flow distribution window is divided into an inner layer and an outer layer; a sealing belt of the oil distribution disc and the rotor assembly is divided into an inner layer and an outer layer which do not influence each other and can work independently, and therefore the four-time displacement variable function can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hydraulic piston motor technology, and in particular to a layered flow distribution structure and a wide-variable axial piston motor using the layered flow distribution structure. Background Technology

[0002] Axial piston variable displacement motors adjust their output speed and torque by changing their displacement. They are mainly divided into two types: swashplate and swashplate-shaft, and are widely used in mobile machinery and industrial fields. Due to structural limitations, the displacement adjustment range of swashplate variable displacement motors is usually about 2 times (maximum displacement / minimum displacement), corresponding to a swashplate tilt angle of about 9°-18°. Therefore, their torque and speed adjustment range is relatively limited. In contrast, the swashplate tilt angle of swashplate-shaft variable displacement motors can reach up to about 40°, and the displacement adjustment range can reach about 4 times. However, they are more difficult to integrate and often need to be matched separately with a reducer. In space-constrained machinery that requires high integration, swashplate variable displacement motors are not as advantageous as swashplate variable displacement motors.

[0003] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the background section above is only used to enhance the understanding of the background of this application, and therefore may include information that does not constitute prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a layered flow distribution structure and a wide-variable axial piston motor employing this structure to solve the problem of small displacement adjustment range in swashplate motors. To provide a basic understanding of some aspects of the disclosed embodiments, a brief summary is given below. This summary is not intended as a general commentary, nor is it intended to identify key / important components or describe the scope of protection of these embodiments. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts in a simple form as a prelude to the detailed description that follows.

[0005] In one embodiment, a hierarchical distribution structure includes: A rotor assembly for grouped oil supply and variable control, and an oil distribution plate provided at the end of the rotor assembly for providing high-pressure oil inlet and low-pressure oil return channels; The rotor assembly includes a cylinder for accommodating a plunger and a plunger. The cylinder is provided with inner and outer sealing strips and a communicating inner cavity. Several sets of plunger holes are provided between the two sealing strips, and a plunger is provided in each plunger hole.

[0006] Based on the above scheme, the oil distribution plate includes: Oil distribution plate body; The oil distribution plate body is provided with a double-layer distribution window that communicates with the oil inlet and the oil return port respectively; The oil distribution plate body is provided with a sealing part, which divides the surface of the oil distribution plate body into a double-layer high-pressure oil inlet window and a double-layer low-pressure oil return window.

[0007] Based on the above scheme, the double-layer high-pressure oil inlet window includes window A1 and window A2, and the double-layer low-pressure oil return window includes window B1 and window B2.

[0008] Based on the above scheme, the number of plunger holes and plungers are both 10.

[0009] In one embodiment, a wide-variable axial piston motor includes: Valve body, housing, main shaft, swashplate, variable piston, and the aforementioned layered flow distribution structure; The layered flow distribution structure includes a rotor assembly and an oil distribution plate. Through the coordinated operation of the four windows A1, A2, B1 and B2 on the oil distribution plate, the combined control of the number of working plungers and the swashplate tilt angle is achieved.

[0010] Based on the above scheme, when the Ps control port pressure is zero, the motor enters the maximum torque output condition: The control valve actuates, simultaneously connecting the high-pressure oil circuit of the system to the oil circuits located at windows A1 and B1 on the distribution panel; High-pressure oil enters through window A1 and pushes the outer five plungers to do work, while it enters through window B1 and pushes the inner five plungers to do work, so that all 10 plungers on the rotor assembly work together in a large tilt angle. Window A2 and window B2 serve as the return oil channels for the corresponding plungers, respectively, and are connected to the system's return oil circuit.

[0011] Based on the above scheme, control oil is injected into the variable piston chamber from the Ps control oil port to drive the swashplate to its minimum tilt angle, and the motor enters the high-speed rotation condition: The control oil diverted through the valve body drives the variable control valve to operate, causing the pressure difference between ports A and B to drive the valve core displacement, so that the main high-pressure oil is only connected to window A1 of the distribution plate; the high-pressure oil drives the five plungers on the outer layer of the rotor assembly to do work, and the oil circuit where window B1 is located is connected to the return oil tank, so that the five plungers on the inner layer are in a low-pressure air circulation state, realizing the operation of the five plungers at a small tilt angle and outputting the maximum speed.

[0012] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention have the following beneficial effects: Compared to traditional structures, the oil distribution plate of this invention adds two flow distribution areas. The rotor assembly innovatively divides the original single planar sealing strip into two independent inner and outer sealing strips. By controlling the opening and closing of the flow distribution windows corresponding to these two sealing strips through external hydraulic valves, the number of plungers participating in the work can be selectively controlled within the same rotor, thereby precisely adjusting the output torque and speed of the motor, making its displacement adjustment range close to that of a slant-shaft variable displacement motor.

[0013] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and are not intended to limit the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0014] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a layered flow distribution structure according to an exemplary embodiment; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the rotor assembly according to an exemplary embodiment (showing the plunger bore). Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the cylinder block according to an exemplary embodiment; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a layered flow distribution structure (showing a plunger) according to an exemplary embodiment. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the oil distribution plate according to an exemplary embodiment; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the oil distribution plate according to an exemplary embodiment (showing the sealing part); Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a wide-variable axial piston motor according to an exemplary embodiment; Figure 8 This is a hydraulic schematic diagram of a wide-variable axial piston motor according to an exemplary embodiment; Figure 9 This is a hydraulic schematic diagram of a wide variable axial piston motor (showing continuously variable transmission) according to an exemplary embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The following description and accompanying drawings fully illustrate specific embodiments described herein to enable those skilled in the art to practice them. Some embodiments may include or substitute parts and features of other embodiments. The scope of the embodiments herein encompasses the entire scope of the claims and all available equivalents thereof. Throughout this document, the terms “first,” “second,” etc., are used only to distinguish one element from another without requiring or implying any actual relationship or order between the elements. Indeed, a first element can also be referred to as a second element, and vice versa. Furthermore, the terms “comprising,” “including,” or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a structure, apparatus, or device that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a structure, apparatus, or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase “comprising one…” does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the structure, apparatus, or device that includes said element. The various embodiments described herein are presented in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments; similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably.

[0017] The terms "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer" used in this document to indicate orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used solely for ease of description and simplification and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. In the description herein, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to mechanical or electrical connections, internal connections between two elements, direct connections, or indirect connections through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms according to the specific circumstances.

[0018] In this document, unless otherwise stated, the term "multiple" means two or more.

[0019] In this article, the character "" indicates that the objects before and after it are in an "or" relationship. For example, A / B means: A or B.

[0020] In this article, the term "and / or" describes an association between objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B means: A or B, or A and B.

[0021] Where there is no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0022] In existing technologies, the rotor-distributor structure has only a single flow channel and sealing strip. This means that for a motor with a given displacement, all the plungers on its rotor must work simultaneously as a whole, and changes in displacement can only be achieved by changing the swashplate angle. The displacement adjustment range of traditional swashplate motors is generally around 2 times, which directly results in a much smaller range of output torque and speed adjustment compared to swashplate motors (which can reach 4 times). This makes it impossible to meet the extreme operating conditions of equipment such as construction machinery that require a wide speed range and adaptive torque variation.

[0023] To address this issue, this invention proposes a layered flow distribution structure, namely a novel rotor oil distribution plate configuration, which enables its displacement adjustment range to approach that of a slant-shaft variable displacement motor.

[0024] Example 1

[0025] Figure 1 An embodiment of the layered flow distribution structure of the present invention is shown.

[0026] The layered flow distribution structure includes a rotor assembly 5 and an oil distribution plate 6 disposed at the end of the rotor assembly 5.

[0027] like Figures 2-4 As shown, the rotor assembly 5 includes a cylinder 5-1 for accommodating the plunger 5-2 and the plunger 5-2. The cylinder 5-1 is provided with inner and outer sealing strips corresponding to the inner cavity. Several sets of plunger holes and their plungers 5-2 are provided between the two sealing strips. Specifically, there are 10 plunger holes and 10 plungers 5-2.

[0028] Specifically, the valve body 1 is provided with an oil outlet and an oil return port, and one end of the oil outlet and the oil inlet are connected to an oil passage; the cylinder body 5-1 is located in the central core position of the plunger motor and is a key cavity component that houses the plungers and other actuators. The cylinder body 5-1 usually has a fitting or sealing structure with the inner wall of the housing 2, and multiple plungers 5-2 are nested inside. Each plunger 5-2 has a ball joint and a slipper hinge at its top, and is connected to the oil circuit system composed of the valve body 1, the variable control valve, etc., to realize the intake and discharge of hydraulic oil in the cylinder body 5-1, providing the hydraulic power basis for the reciprocating motion of the plungers 5-2.

[0029] The plunger 5-2 is evenly arranged in the plunger hole of the cylinder 5-1 along the circumference of the cylinder 5-1, and can reciprocate along the axis of the cylinder 5-1. The plunger 5-2 is connected to the slipper by a ball joint or other connection, and the other end is in contact with the swashplate 4. When the cylinder 5-1 rotates, it is pushed by the swashplate 4 to complete the reciprocating motion, converting hydraulic energy into mechanical energy.

[0030] In use, the oil enters the plunger motor through the oil inlet. After the oil circuit is controlled by the valve body 1 and the variable control valve, it flows into the cylinder 5-1. The plunger 5-2 in the cylinder 5-1 contacts the swashplate 4 under the action of the return plate and the slipper. When the main shaft 3 drives the cylinder 5-1 to rotate, the tilt angle of the swashplate 4 causes the plunger 5-2 to reciprocate, realizing the intake and discharge of oil and completing the oil suction and pressure process. When working as a motor, the high-pressure oil enters and pushes the plunger 5-2 to move, which in turn drives the cylinder 5-1 and the main shaft 3 to rotate and output mechanical energy.

[0031] like Figures 5-6 As shown, the oil distribution plate 6 includes an oil distribution plate body, on which a double-layer distribution window is provided, communicating with the oil inlet and the oil return port respectively. The oil distribution plate body is also provided with a sealing part, which divides the surface of the oil distribution plate body into a high-pressure oil inlet window and a low-pressure oil return window. The high-pressure oil inlet window includes window A1 6-1 and window A2 6-2, and the low-pressure oil return window includes window B1 6-3 and window B2 6-4.

[0032] The plunger holes are evenly distributed along the circumference. The oil passage is directly connected to the oil distribution plate 6 through the window on the end face of the rotor assembly. It then forms an independent high-pressure oil inlet and low-pressure oil return oil passage through the external oil passage and control valve. There is an oil distribution plate 6 fixed on the housing 2 on the end face of the plunger cylinder 5-1. The oil distribution plate 6 has a double-layer high-pressure oil inlet waist-shaped hole A and a low-pressure oil return waist-shaped hole B. The inlet and return oil holes on the plunger holes are connected to the high-pressure oil inlet and low-pressure oil return oil passages on the oil distribution plate 6 on the end face of the plunger cylinder 5-1.

[0033] Example 2

[0034] Based on the layered flow distribution structure of Example 1, this example provides a layered flow distribution structure and an example of a wide-variable axial piston motor using the layered flow distribution structure.

[0035] like Figure 7 As shown, the wide-variable axial piston motor includes: Valve body 1, housing 2, main shaft 3, swash plate 4, variable piston 7, rotor assembly 5 mounted on main shaft 3, and oil distribution plate 6 provided on one side of rotor assembly 5; The coordinated operation of the above four windows enables four working conditions: 5-piston small tilt angle operation (minimum torque, fastest speed), 10-piston small tilt angle operation, 5-piston large tilt angle operation, and 10-piston large tilt angle operation (maximum torque, slowest speed).

[0036] Among them, such as Figure 8As shown, in operating condition 1, the maximum torque output is achieved when all 10 plungers 5-2 operate at a large tilt angle, the Ps control port pressure is 0, A is the motor high-pressure oil inlet, and B is the hydraulic oil outlet. The high-pressure oil, passing through the rotor, drives all plungers 5-2, converting hydraulic energy into mechanical energy, resulting in the maximum output torque. Specifically, the external control valve simultaneously connects the high-pressure oil to the oil circuits located at windows A1 (6-1) and B1 (6-3). High-pressure oil enters both windows A1 (6-1) and B1 (6-3) simultaneously, driving the five plungers 5-2 in the outer and inner layers respectively to perform work. Windows A2 (6-2) and B2 (6-4) are responsible for the return oil from their respective system plungers.

[0037] Operating Condition 2: High-speed rotation: 5 plungers 5-2 operate at a small angle. A is the high-pressure oil inlet for the motor, and B is the hydraulic oil outlet. Control oil enters the piston chamber from the Ps control port, pushing the variable piston to move the swashplate 4 to its minimum tilt angle. Simultaneously, the control oil diverted through valve body 1 pushes the variable control valve, connecting the oil circuits at ports A and B to both ends of the variable control valve. Since port A is high pressure, it pushes the valve core towards port B. At this time, the high-pressure oil passing through port A enters the rotor assembly 5 from the outer window of the distributor plate 6, pushing the 5 plungers 5-2 to complete the conversion of hydraulic energy into mechanical energy. The other 5 plungers 5-2, due to the connection of their inlet and outlet windows, are at low pressure and do not undergo energy conversion. Specifically, the external control valve connects the main high-pressure oil only to the oil circuit at window A1 6-1, while connecting the oil circuit at window B1 6-3 back to the oil tank (low pressure).

[0038] In this design, the high-pressure oil inlet windows (A1 window 6-1 and A2 window 6-2) and the low-pressure oil return windows (B1 window 6-3 and B2 window 6-4) belong to two completely isolated hydraulic distribution systems. By controlling the on / off combination of A1 window 6-1 and B1 window 6-3 through external valves, the switching between 10-plunger (full power) or 5-plunger (half power) working modes can be achieved. This is the core mechanism of this invention to achieve wide-range variable adjustment.

[0039] The above solution is a two-point variable displacement motor design. A third variable displacement control valve can be added as needed to achieve functions such as stepless speed regulation and adaptive torque variation. Figure 9 As shown.

[0040] This invention combines the advantages of swashplate and swashplate variable displacement motors, proposing a novel rotor distribution plate configuration that makes its displacement adjustment range close to that of a swashplate variable displacement motor. The rotor assembly 5 integrates flow pulsation and structural design, adopting a 10-plunger design. Compared with the traditional distribution plate, the distribution plate 6 adds two additional flow distribution areas, dividing the original single-layer sealing strip into inner and outer layers. The opening or closing of the windows of the inner and outer sealing strips is controlled by a valve to control the number of plungers in the same rotor, thereby controlling torque and speed.

[0041] This invention is not limited to the structures described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of this invention is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A layered flow distribution structure, characterized by, It comprises: a rotor assembly (5) for grouping oil supply and variable control, and an oil distribution disc (6) provided at the end of the rotor assembly (5) for providing high-pressure oil inlet and low-pressure oil return channels; wherein the rotor assembly (5) comprises a cylinder (5-1) for accommodating a plunger (5-2), and the plunger (5-2), the cylinder (5-1) is provided with two layers of sealing bands inside and outside and a communication cavity, a plurality of groups of plunger holes are provided between the two layers of sealing bands, and the plunger (5-2) is arranged in the plunger hole.

2. The layered flow distribution structure of claim 1, wherein, The oil distribution disc (6) comprises: an oil distribution disc body; a double-layer oil distribution window corresponding to the oil inlet and the oil return is arranged on the oil distribution disc body; a sealing part is arranged on the oil distribution disc body, and the sealing part divides the surface of the oil distribution disc body into a double-layer high-pressure oil inlet window and a double-layer low-pressure oil return window.

3. The layered flow distribution structure of claim 2, wherein, The double-layer high-pressure oil inlet window comprises an A1 window (6-1) and an A2 window (6-2), and the double-layer low-pressure oil return window comprises a B1 window (6-3) and a B2 window (6-4).

4. The layered flow distribution structure of claim 2, wherein, The number of plunger holes and plungers (5-2) is 10.

5. A wide variable axial piston motor characterized in that, It comprises: a valve body (1), a housing (2), a main shaft (3), a swash plate (4), a variable piston (7), and the layered oil distribution structure of any one of claims 1-4; the layered oil distribution structure comprises a rotor assembly (5) and an oil distribution disc (6), and through the cooperative work of the A1 window (6-1), the A2 window (6-2), the B1 window (6-3), and the B2 window (6-4) on the oil distribution disc (6), the combination control of the number of working plungers and the inclination angle of the swash plate is realized.

6. The wide variable axial plunger motor according to claim 5, wherein when the Ps control oil port pressure is zero, the motor enters the maximum torque output working condition: the control valve acts, and the system high-pressure oil circuit is connected to the oil circuits of the A1 window (6-1) and the B1 window (6-3) on the oil distribution disc (6) at the same time; high-pressure oil enters through the A1 window (6-1) and pushes the outer 5 plungers (5-2) to work, and at the same time, high-pressure oil enters through the B1 window (6-3) and pushes the inner 5 plungers (5-2) to work, so that all 10 plungers (5-2) on the rotor assembly (5) work cooperatively in a large inclination angle state; the A2 window (6-2) and the B2 window (6-4) are respectively used as the oil return channels of the corresponding plungers (5-2) and are connected to the system oil return circuit.

7. The wide variable axial piston motor of claim 5, wherein, The control oil is injected into the variable piston cavity from the Ps control oil port to drive the swash plate (4) to become the smallest inclination angle, and the motor enters the high-speed rotating working condition: the control oil distributed by the valve body (1) drives the variable control valve to act, the A and B oil port pressure difference drives the valve core to displace, the main high-pressure oil is connected to only the A1 window (6-1) of the oil distribution disc (6), the high-pressure oil pushes the outer 5 plungers (5-2) of the rotor assembly (5) to work, the oil circuit of the B1 window (6-3) is connected to the oil return tank, the inner 5 plungers (5-2) are in a low-pressure idle state, 5 plungers (5-2) work in a small inclination angle, and the highest rotating speed is output.

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