Composite sensor reading system and method

Abstract

The invention relates to a composite sensor reading system and method, and the system comprises a composite sensor which is used for detecting environment data of a target environment; the field programmable gate array is connected with the composite sensor and is used for sending a single-bit serial instruction to the composite sensor based on a data reading instruction and receiving, identifying and storing environmental data detected by the composite sensor; the digital signal processor is connected with the field programmable gate array and used for sending a data reading instruction to the field programmable gate array and reading the environment data in the field programmable gate array, and the problem that an existing sensor reading method generally aims at a single sensor and lacks a method for reading a composite sensor can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of metrology and testing technology, and in particular to a composite sensor reading system and method. Background Technology

[0002] A composite sensor is a device that integrates multiple sensing technologies (multi-sensor units) and can simultaneously measure multiple physical or chemical quantities in the same device, realizing integrated measurement of multiple parameters. This not only significantly reduces the size of the device and the installation space, but also lowers the system integration cost. However, current sensor reading methods are usually for single sensors and lack methods for reading composite sensors. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a composite sensor reading system and method, which can solve the problem that current sensor reading methods are usually for single sensors and lack methods for reading composite sensors.

[0004] In a first aspect, this application provides a composite sensor reading system, comprising: Composite sensors are used to detect environmental data of the target environment. A field-programmable gate array (FPGA) is connected to the composite sensor and is used to send single-bit serial commands to the composite sensor based on data reading commands, and to receive, identify and store environmental data detected by the composite sensor. A digital signal processor, connected to the field-programmable gate array (FPGA), is used to send data reading commands to the FPGA to read environmental data from the FPGA.

[0005] In some embodiments, the composite sensor is a temperature, humidity, and pressure composite sensor, and the environmental data includes temperature data, humidity data, and pressure data.

[0006] In some embodiments, the field-programmable gate array includes: A data transmission module, connected to the composite sensor, is used to receive the data reading command, convert the data reading command into a single-bit serial command based on a data communication protocol, and send the single-bit serial command to the composite sensor. A data receiving module, connected to the composite sensor, is used to receive environmental data detected by the composite sensor, detect the validity of the environmental data, and output a data validity signal. A data storage module, connected to the data receiving module, is used to identify the environmental data received by the data receiving module and the data validity signal, store the environmental data in the target register, and output a data integrity and validity signal. The register management module, connected to the data sending module, the data receiving module, the data register module, and the digital signal processor, is used to receive and send the data reading instruction to the data sending module, receive the sending completion instruction returned by the data sending module, send a receive enable signal to the data receiving module and the data register module, receive the data integrity and validity signal output by the data register module, and return the environmental data to the digital signal processor when the environmental data is complete and valid.

[0007] In some embodiments, the field-programmable gate array (FPGA) further includes a baud rate generation module, which is connected to the system clock of the FPGA, the data transmission module, and the data reception module. The baud rate generation module is used to perform frequency division processing on the system clock of the FPGA to obtain a data acquisition enable signal and send the data acquisition enable signal to the data transmission module and the data reception module.

[0008] In some embodiments, the field-programmable gate array further includes a sensor reading top-level module, which is used to manage and connect the data transmission module, the data reception module, the data register module, the register management module, and the baud rate generation module, and to realize data transmission between the data transmission module, the data reception module, the data register module, the register management module, and the baud rate generation module.

[0009] In a second aspect, embodiments of this application provide a composite sensor reading method, applied to a composite sensor reading system as described in any one of the first aspects, comprising: Receive data reading instructions sent by the digital signal processor; The data reading command is sent to the composite sensor so that the composite sensor can detect environmental data of the target environment; Receive and store the environmental data detected by the composite sensor; The integrity and validity of the environmental data must be verified. When the environmental data is complete and valid, the environmental data is returned to the digital signal processor.

[0010] In some embodiments, sending the data reading command to the composite sensor to enable the composite sensor to detect environmental data of the target environment includes: The register management module receives data reading instructions sent by the digital signal processor and sends the data reading instructions to the data transmission module. The data reading instruction is converted into a single-bit serial instruction based on the data communication protocol. The single-bit serial instruction is sent to the composite sensor so that the composite sensor can detect environmental data of the target environment.

[0011] In some embodiments, receiving and storing the environmental data detected by the composite sensor includes: Receive the data transmission module's signal indicating that transmission is complete; Based on the transmission completion signal, a receive enable signal is sent to the data receiving module so that the data receiving module receives the environmental data, detects the validity of the environmental data, and outputs a data validity signal. Based on the transmission completion signal, a receive enable signal is sent to the data register module so that the data register module can identify the environmental data received by the data receiving module and the data validity signal, store the environmental data in the target register, and output the data integrity and validity signal.

[0012] In some embodiments, before receiving and storing the environmental data detected by the composite sensor, the method further includes: The system clock of the field-programmable gate array is divided by the baud rate generation module to obtain the data acquisition enable signal. The data acquisition enable signal is sent to the data transmission module and the data receiving module.

[0013] In some embodiments, before receiving the data reading instruction sent by the digital signal processor, the method further includes: Configure the data communication protocol between the data sending module, the data receiving module, and the composite sensor.

[0014] The technical solutions provided in this application have the following advantages compared with the prior art: The composite sensor reading system and method provided in this application include a composite sensor for detecting environmental data of a target environment; a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) connected to the composite sensor for sending single-bit serial instructions to the composite sensor based on data reading instructions, and for receiving, identifying, and storing the environmental data detected by the composite sensor; and a digital signal processor (DSP) connected to the FPGA for sending data reading instructions to the FPGA and reading the environmental data in the FPGA. The FPGA uses hardware logic to implement data read / write instruction sending, data reception, and storage, which has stronger anti-interference capabilities and operational stability. Furthermore, the interaction between the FPGA, the composite sensor, and the DSP is all at the hardware level, resulting in low data transmission latency and small fluctuations, avoiding the response lag problem at the software-driven level. This addresses the problem that current sensor reading methods are typically for single sensors and lack methods for reading composite sensors. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example with reference numerals in the accompanying drawings. These illustrations do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments. Elements with the same reference numerals in the drawings are denoted as similar elements. Unless otherwise stated, the figures in the drawings are not to be limited by scale.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a composite sensor reading system provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of sensor data read / write logic in an FPGA provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a parallel composite sensor reading system provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 A flowchart of a composite sensor reading method provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 A flowchart of a composite sensor reading method provided in another embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0020] The following disclosure provides numerous different embodiments or examples for implementing various structures of the invention. To simplify the disclosure, specific examples of components and arrangements are described below. These are merely examples and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, reference numerals and / or letters may be repeated in different examples. Such repetition is for simplification and clarity and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various embodiments and / or arrangements discussed.

[0021] In industrial production, environmental monitoring, meteorological observation, and various scientific research fields, the accurate measurement of key parameters such as temperature, humidity, and pressure is a core prerequisite for ensuring stable and controllable production processes, safe and controllable environmental conditions, and accurate and reliable scientific experimental results.

[0022] Traditional monitoring solutions typically employ discrete, single-parameter sensors to collect multiple data points. For example, to simultaneously acquire temperature, humidity, and pressure data, separate independent sensors must be deployed, along with multiple data acquisition and transmission links. However, this approach has significant drawbacks: Firstly, the dispersed installation of multiple sensors greatly increases hardware costs and installation space requirements, limiting its applicability, especially in scenarios sensitive to size and cost, such as portable monitoring devices and dense monitoring nodes. Secondly, differences in signal interfaces and response timing among different sensors can lead to compatibility conflicts during system integration. Furthermore, the placement and acquisition times of each sensor are difficult to unify, potentially introducing additional measurement errors and affecting the correlation and accuracy of multi-parameter data.

[0023] With the development of sensor integration technology, temperature-humidity-pressure composite sensors have emerged. These sensors integrate multiple types of sensing units within the same package structure, achieving integrated synchronous acquisition of three core parameters. This solves the problems of high cost, large size, and poor compatibility of traditional discrete sensor solutions from a hardware perspective, and has become the mainstream choice in the field of modern multi-parameter monitoring.

[0024] However, existing sensor reading methods are still based on single-parameter sensors. If traditional reading methods are directly applied to obtain measurement data from temperature, humidity, and pressure composite sensors, not only will the data acquisition efficiency be low, but data transmission errors may also occur due to interface protocol incompatibility, which seriously restricts the full realization of the advantages of temperature-humidity-pressure composite sensors.

[0025] Firstly, such as Figure 1-3 As shown, to address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides a composite sensor reading system, including: Composite sensors are used to detect environmental data of the target environment. A field-programmable gate array (FPGA) is connected to the composite sensor and is used to send single-bit serial commands to the composite sensor based on data reading commands, and to receive, identify and store environmental data detected by the composite sensor. A digital signal processor, connected to the field-programmable gate array (FPGA), is used to send data reading commands to the FPGA to read environmental data from the FPGA.

[0026] It should be noted that the system adopts a functional division architecture of "FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) + DSP (Digital Signal Processor)" to decouple the underlying data acquisition from the upper-level data processing. The FPGA focuses on hardware-level operations such as high real-time instruction sending, data reception and storage, without occupying the computing resources of the DSP; the DSP can concentrate its computing power to carry out complex tasks such as in-depth data analysis and feature extraction, avoiding the computing power conflict in the traditional single processor "acquisition + processing" mode, and significantly improving the operating efficiency and stability of the entire reading system.

[0027] It should be noted that, due to the programmable and reconfigurable nature of FPGAs, their communication logic with composite sensors (such as interface protocols and data parsing rules) can be flexibly adjusted through hardware description languages ​​without modifying the system hardware architecture. This allows them to adapt to composite sensors of different types and combinations of sensing units, solving the problems of poor compatibility and weak scalability in traditional reading systems. Furthermore, as a data relay bridge, FPGAs can realize protocol conversion between composite sensors and DSPs, avoiding interface incompatibility issues when the two are directly connected, and reducing the difficulty of system integration.

[0028] It should be noted that the FPGA in this embodiment completes data reading, writing and storage operations based on hardware logic. Compared with software-level reading control, it has stronger resistance to electromagnetic interference and voltage fluctuations, and can adapt to complex and harsh working environments such as industrial sites, ensuring the stability of data transmission and storage processes. In addition, the FPGA's local data caching function can effectively avoid data loss caused by DSP busyness or bus transmission fluctuations, ensuring the data reliability of the system during long-term continuous operation.

[0029] It should be noted that, as Figure 3As shown, the FPGA can connect to multiple composite sensors simultaneously. Through the parallel processing architecture of the FPGA hardware, synchronous reading commands can be sent to multiple composite sensors at the same time, realizing the parallel acquisition of multiple parameters such as temperature, humidity, and pressure at different monitoring points. This avoids the "one-to-one" acquisition limitation of traditional single-sensor reading systems. Compared with the combination scheme of multiple independent reading modules, this design does not require additional processors or control units to extend the system monitoring range to multiple target environments. It is especially suitable for scenarios that require distributed multi-point data acquisition, such as multi-point environmental monitoring in industrial workshops, meteorological observation networking, and full-area monitoring of warehouse environments.

[0030] It should be noted that FPGA can ensure that all connected composite sensors trigger data acquisition at the same time through a precise hardware timing synchronization mechanism, effectively eliminating the acquisition time difference between different measurement points, and enabling the multi-parameter data of each monitoring point to have strict spatiotemporal consistency. This can solve the problem that multi-measurement data cannot be directly compared and analyzed in the traditional asynchronous acquisition mode.

[0031] In some embodiments, the composite sensor is a temperature, humidity, and pressure composite sensor, and the environmental data includes temperature data, humidity data, and pressure data.

[0032] It should be noted that compared to the solution of using three independent sensors for temperature, humidity and pressure to build a monitoring system, the solution based on temperature-humidity-pressure composite sensor can significantly reduce the hardware purchase cost of sensors, installation space occupation and wiring complexity; and FPGA can complete the synchronous reading and storage of the three types of parameters through unified hardware logic, without the need to configure independent acquisition links for different parameters, simplifying the system hardware architecture and debugging process, and lowering the integration threshold of multi-parameter monitoring system.

[0033] In some embodiments, the field-programmable gate array includes: A data transmission module, connected to the composite sensor, is used to receive the data reading command, convert the data reading command into a single-bit serial command based on a data communication protocol, and send the single-bit serial command to the composite sensor. A data receiving module, connected to the composite sensor, is used to receive environmental data detected by the composite sensor, detect the validity of the environmental data, and output a data validity signal. A data storage module, connected to the data receiving module, is used to identify the environmental data received by the data receiving module and the data validity signal, store the environmental data in the target register, and output a data integrity and validity signal. The register management module, connected to the data sending module, the data receiving module, the data register module, and the digital signal processor, is used to receive and send the data reading instruction to the data sending module, receive the sending completion instruction returned by the data sending module, send a receive enable signal to the data receiving module and the data register module, receive the data integrity and validity signal output by the data register module, and return the environmental data to the digital signal processor when the environmental data is complete and valid.

[0034] It should be noted that, as Figure 2 As shown, the data transmission module converts the data reading command into a single-bit serial command before sending it to the composite sensor. Compared to the parallel command transmission mode, the single-bit serial command format can flexibly adapt to temperature, humidity, and pressure composite sensors with different communication protocols (such as SPI, I2C, etc.). By adjusting the command encoding logic, it can be compatible with the communication standards of multiple sensors, enhancing the system's adaptability to different models of composite sensors. Typically, the data communication protocol between the data transmission module, the data receiving module, and the composite sensor is pre-set. This data communication protocol can be: 8 data bits, 1 stop bit, no parity check, and a 1-bit pull-down serial port start bit (i.e., the command width is 8 bits of data + 1 bit of start bit + 1 bit of stop bit). When the FPGA sends a 0x7F command (i.e., the data reading command) to the sensor, the sensor initiates the conversion and returns the ambient temperature, humidity, and pressure data.

[0035] Temperature value (°C): If Data_T_0 && 0x80 is 0, then T = Data_T_0 + Data_T_1 / 10; if Data_T_0 && 0x80 is 1, then T = -(Data_T_0 & 0x7F + Data_T_1 / 10). Humidity value (%RH): H = Data_H; Pressure value (kPa): P = Data_P_0 + Data_P_1 / 100.

[0036] It should be noted that the data receiving module performs preliminary validity checks while receiving environmental data, filtering out invalid data caused by transmission interference or sensor malfunctions. The data storage module further verifies the integrity of the data by combining the data validity signal, ensuring that the temperature, humidity, and pressure data stored in the target register are all valid data. This dual-layer verification mechanism reduces the probability of erroneous data flowing into subsequent processing stages, improves the acquisition accuracy of the three parameters, and meets the stringent requirements for data accuracy in scenarios such as industrial monitoring and meteorological observation. Note that the data receiving module and the data storage module do not operate when they do not receive the receive enable signal.

[0037] It should be noted that the register management module is the core control hub. By uniformly issuing instructions, synchronously sending and receiving enable signals, and receiving feedback signals, it achieves automated management of the entire process of "instruction conversion - sending - data reception - verification - registering - uploading". The working timing of each module is strictly controlled by the register management module, which can accurately ensure the synchronization of instruction sending and data reception, and avoid data loss or acquisition delays caused by timing misalignment between modules. In addition, the register management module only returns data to the DSP when the data is complete and valid, avoiding the transmission and interaction of invalid data and reducing the communication frequency between the FPGA and the DSP.

[0038] It should be noted that the internal modules of the FPGA are functionally independent and have clear interfaces, achieving a decoupled design of hardware logic. When system functions need to be upgraded, the logic of a single module can be modified specifically without changing the overall architecture. For example, when adapting sensors to new communication protocols, only the instruction conversion logic of the data transmission module needs to be adjusted; when optimizing data verification rules, the detection algorithm of the data receiving module can be upgraded separately. The modular design significantly reduces the system's debugging, upgrade, and maintenance costs, and enhances the system's long-term usability and functional scalability.

[0039] In some embodiments, the field-programmable gate array (FPGA) further includes a baud rate generation module, which is connected to the system clock of the FPGA, the data transmission module, and the data reception module. The baud rate generation module is used to perform frequency division processing on the system clock of the FPGA to obtain a data acquisition enable signal and send the data acquisition enable signal to the data transmission module and the data reception module.

[0040] It should be noted that the baud rate generation module generates a data acquisition enable signal (115200Hz) based on the FPGA system clock (19.6608MHz) and synchronously sends it to the data transmission module and the data receiving module, ensuring that the working timing of the two modules is completely identical and strictly aligned. This ensures that the single-bit serial command transmission of the data transmission module is precisely and synchronously triggered with the temperature, humidity, and pressure data reception actions of the data receiving module, avoiding command loss, data frame errors, or acquisition delays caused by asynchronous transmission and reception timing, and significantly improving the coordination and reliability of command transmission and data acquisition.

[0041] It should be noted that for multiple temperature, humidity, and pressure composite sensors connected to the FPGA, a unified data acquisition enable signal can drive all sensors to synchronously start the data acquisition process, ensuring that the three parameters of temperature, humidity, and pressure at different measuring points are detected and transmitted at exactly the same time. Moreover, the temperature, humidity, and pressure parameters of the same sensor are also acquired based on the same enable signal, eliminating the time difference between parameter acquisition. This provides spatiotemporally consistent raw data support for subsequent multi-measuring point data comparison and multi-parameter coupling analysis, meeting the needs of scenarios such as industrial monitoring and meteorological observation.

[0042] It should be noted that different models of temperature, humidity, and pressure composite sensors have different timing requirements for data acquisition. The baud rate generation module can flexibly generate data acquisition enable signals of different frequencies by adjusting the frequency division coefficient of the system clock. No changes to the hardware logic of other FPGA modules are required; the timing requirements of different sensors can be matched simply through parameter configuration.

[0043] In some embodiments, the field-programmable gate array further includes a sensor reading top-level module, which is used to manage and connect the data transmission module, the data reception module, the data register module, the register management module, and the baud rate generation module, and to realize data transmission between the data transmission module, the data reception module, the data register module, the register management module, and the baud rate generation module.

[0044] It should be noted that the top-level module encapsulates the interaction logic of the underlying functional modules. It only needs to provide a standardized interface to interact with the digital signal processor (DSP) for data exchange, while uniformly managing the working status of each sub-module. Through the layered architecture design, developers do not need to pay attention to the specific implementation details of the underlying modules. They only need to configure system parameters (such as acquisition baud rate, number of sensors, etc.) through the top-level module to complete the function deployment. When it is necessary to add or replace sub-modules, only the connection logic of the top-level module needs to be adjusted, without reconstructing the entire FPGA system, thus improving the system's iteration efficiency.

[0045] Secondly, such as Figure 4 , 5 As shown, this application provides a composite sensor reading method, applied to a composite sensor reading system as described in any one of the first aspects, comprising: S101: Receive the data reading instruction sent by the digital signal processor; S102: Send the data reading command to the composite sensor so that the composite sensor can detect environmental data of the target environment; S103: Receive and store the environmental data detected by the composite sensor; S104: Identify the completeness and validity of the environmental data; S105: When the environmental data is complete and valid, return the environmental data to the digital signal processor.

[0046] It should be noted that by adding an environmental data integrity and validity identification step to the method, the sensor-returned data is not directly uploaded to the DSP. Instead, the integrity and validity of the data are first verified, and only the verified data is fed back to the DSP. This effectively filters out invalid data caused by sensor anomalies, transmission interference, and timing misalignments, ensuring that the raw data received by the DSP are all high-quality temperature, humidity, and pressure parameters. This provides accurate data support for subsequent multi-parameter coupling analysis and environmental status assessment, and reduces the computational waste of the DSP due to processing invalid data. Furthermore, the DSP is only responsible for issuing the data reading instructions and receiving valid data, without participating in the underlying data acquisition, storage, and verification operations. The FPGA undertakes the entire process from instruction forwarding to data verification. This division of labor avoids invalid interactions between the FPGA and the DSP, shortens the total time from data acquisition to upload, and frees up the DSP's computing resources.

[0047] It should be noted that the reading method provided in this application embodiment can be directly reused to multiple temperature-humidity-pressure composite sensors connected to the FPGA. By synchronously issuing data reading commands and performing data receiving and verification operations in parallel, it ensures that the three-parameter data of all sensors are collected and valid identified in the same time sequence. Compared with the traditional method of reading the sensors one by one, it can significantly shorten the data collection cycle of multiple measurement points, while ensuring the spatiotemporal consistency of data from different measurement points. It is suitable for distributed multi-measurement point monitoring scenarios such as industrial workshops and warehouse environments.

[0048] In some embodiments, sending the data reading command to the composite sensor to enable the composite sensor to detect environmental data of the target environment includes: The register management module receives data reading instructions sent by the digital signal processor and sends the data reading instructions to the data transmission module. The data reading instruction is converted into a single-bit serial instruction based on the data communication protocol. The single-bit serial instruction is sent to the composite sensor so that the composite sensor can detect environmental data of the target environment.

[0049] It should be noted that the data transmission module can flexibly adjust the instruction conversion logic according to the communication protocols (such as SPI, I2C, etc.) of different models of temperature-humidity-pressure composite sensors to generate single-bit serial instructions that match the sensor interface requirements. Compared with the design of fixed instruction format, this process does not require modification of the register management module and other functional units. Only the protocol conversion rules of the data transmission module need to be adjusted to adapt to composite sensors with different communication standards. This significantly reduces the adaptation cost when replacing or adding sensors in the system and improves the versatility of the system.

[0050] It should be noted that the data communication protocol can be: 8 data bits, 1 stop bit, no parity check, and a 1-bit pull-down serial port start bit (i.e., the instruction width is 8 bits of data + 1 bit of start bit + 1 bit of stop bit); after the data reading instruction is converted into a single-bit serial instruction, the data sending module sends the data to the composite sensor in the order of receiving 8 bits of data according to the start bit and detecting the stop bit.

[0051] In some embodiments, receiving and storing the environmental data detected by the composite sensor includes: Receive the data transmission module's signal indicating that transmission is complete; Based on the transmission completion signal, a receive enable signal is sent to the data receiving module so that the data receiving module receives the environmental data, detects the validity of the environmental data, and outputs a data validity signal. Based on the transmission completion signal, a receive enable signal is sent to the data register module so that the data register module can identify the environmental data received by the data receiving module and the data validity signal, store the environmental data in the target register, and output the data integrity and validity signal.

[0052] It should be noted that by using the completion signal of the data transmission module as the trigger condition, the receive enable signal is only sent to the data receiving module and the data register module synchronously after confirming that the reading command has been successfully sent to the composite sensor, thus starting the data receiving and storage operation. This avoids the problems of data frame errors and loss caused by "starting reception before the command is completed" in traditional asynchronous operations, ensuring strict timing matching of the entire "command issuance-data feedback" link, and improving the stability of temperature-humidity-pressure three-parameter data acquisition.

[0053] It should be noted that by using the data receiving module and the data storage module, which are triggered by the same transmission completion signal, synchronous collaborative work of "validity detection and integrity identification" can be achieved: the data receiving module first screens the validity of the raw environmental data, filtering out invalid data caused by transmission interference or sensor malfunctions; the data storage module then simultaneously receives the environmental data and the data validity signal, further completing the data integrity verification and classified storage. This hierarchical verification mechanism forms a "double guarantee" for data quality, ensuring that the data stored in the target register are all accurate and valid temperature, humidity, and pressure parameters, thus improving the reliability of the raw data.

[0054] It should be noted that when the data receiving module receives the environmental data, it typically does the following: detects the start bit, receives 8 bits of data, detects the stop bit, concatenates the 8 single bits of data into 8 bits (1 byte), and simultaneously reports that the 8 bits of data are valid; when the data register module identifies and stores the environmental data, it typically does the following: identifies the 8 bits of data and data validity signal returned by the data receiving module, identifies the start data 0x7F, writes the subsequent temperature, humidity, and pressure data into the corresponding registers in sequence, and outputs a complete and valid data signal when all temperature, humidity, and pressure data have been received; the DSP is typically connected to the FPGA via an emif interface.

[0055] In some embodiments, before receiving and storing the environmental data detected by the composite sensor, the method further includes: The system clock of the field-programmable gate array is divided by the baud rate generation module to obtain the data acquisition enable signal. The data acquisition enable signal is sent to the data transmission module and the data receiving module.

[0056] It should be noted that the baud rate generation module divides the FPGA system clock to generate a unified data acquisition enable signal, which is then synchronously sent to the data transmission module and the data reception module. This ensures that the timing of the two modules is driven entirely by the same clock source, guaranteeing that the single-bit serial command transmission of the data transmission module and the temperature, humidity, and pressure data reception of the data reception module are strictly synchronized. This avoids command transmission delays, data frame errors, or missed acquisitions caused by asynchronous transmission and reception timing.

[0057] It should be noted that different models of composite sensors have different timing requirements for data acquisition. The baud rate generation module can flexibly change the frequency of the data acquisition enable signal by adjusting the frequency division coefficient to match the communication timing requirements of different sensors. The whole process does not require modification of the core logic of the data sending module and the data receiving module. Only the frequency division parameter needs to be adjusted to complete the adaptation. This can reduce the difficulty and cost of modification when replacing or adding sensors to the system, and improve the versatility and scalability of the system.

[0058] In some embodiments, before receiving the data reading instruction sent by the digital signal processor, the method further includes: Configure the data communication protocol between the data sending module, the data receiving module, and the composite sensor.

[0059] It should be noted that by pre-configuring the communication protocol between the data transmission module, the data reception module, and the composite sensor before receiving the data reading command from the DSP, the FPGA's transmit and receive logic can be precisely matched with the communication standards (such as SPI, I2C, UART, etc.) of the temperature-humidity-pressure composite sensor. This ensures that the format of the single-bit serial command, the data frame structure, and the verification rules all meet the sensor's recognition requirements. This avoids problems such as command recognition failure and data parsing errors caused by protocol incompatibility from the underlying level, and can significantly improve the stability of command issuance and data transmission between the FPGA and the composite sensor.

[0060] It should be noted that, for example, such as Figure 5 As shown, the DSP writes a data reading instruction to the register management module via the EMIF interface. The register management module sends the data reading instruction to the data transmission module. The data transmission module converts the data reading instruction into a single-bit serial instruction and sends it to the composite sensor. The register management module sends a receive enable signal and waits for the sensor to return data. It detects the start bit of the returned data, receives 8 bits of data, detects the stop bit, and concatenates the 8 bits of data into 1 byte. It identifies the validity of the data, stores the data in a designated register, and disables the receive enable signal. It identifies whether the environmental data is valid. The DSP reads the data validity via the EMIF bus and reads the temperature, humidity, and pressure data.

[0061] The device / system embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0062] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented using software plus a general-purpose hardware platform, or of course, using hardware. Based on this understanding, the above technical solutions, in essence or the parts that contribute to the related technology, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.

[0063] It should be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular exemplary embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “described” as used herein may also mean including the plural forms. The terms “comprising,” “including,” “containing,” and “having” are inclusive and therefore indicate the presence of stated features, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or combinations thereof. The method steps, processes, and operations described herein are not to be construed as requiring them to be performed in a particular order described or illustrated unless the order of execution is explicitly indicated. It should also be understood that additional or alternative steps may be used. The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the invention to enable those skilled in the art to understand or implement the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims

1. A composite sensor reading system, characterized by, The composite sensor is a temperature-humidity-pressure composite sensor, and the environmental data includes temperature data, humidity data, and pressure data. The field programmable gate array comprises: The data sending module is connected with the composite sensor, and is configured to receive the data reading instruction, convert the data reading instruction into a single-bit serial instruction based on a data communication protocol, and send the single-bit serial instruction to the composite sensor. The data receiving module is connected with the composite sensor, and is configured to receive the environmental data detected by the composite sensor, detect validity of the environmental data, and output a data validity signal.

2. The composite sensor reading system of claim 1, wherein, The data storage module is connected with the data receiving module, and is configured to identify the environmental data received by the data receiving module and the data validity signal, store the environmental data into a target register, and output a data integrity validity signal.

3. The composite sensor reading system of claim 1, wherein, The register management module is connected with the data sending module, the data receiving module, the data storage module, and the digital signal processor, and is configured to receive and send the data reading instruction to the data sending module, receive a sending completion instruction returned by the data sending module, send a receiving enable signal to the data receiving module and the data storage module, receive the data integrity validity signal output by the data storage module, and return the environmental data to the digital signal processor when the environmental data is complete and valid. The field programmable gate array further comprises a baud rate generation module connected with a system clock of the field programmable gate array, the data sending module, and the data receiving module, and configured to perform frequency division processing on the system clock of the field programmable gate array to obtain a data acquisition enable signal and send the data acquisition enable signal to the data sending module and the data receiving module. The field programmable gate array further comprises a sensor reading top-level module configured to manage, connect, and realize data transmission among the data sending module, the data receiving module, the data storage module, the register management module, and the baud rate generation module. The composite sensor reading system comprises: receiving the data reading instruction sent by the digital signal processor; 4. The composite sensor reading system of claim 3, wherein, sending the data reading instruction to the composite sensor to enable the composite sensor to detect environmental data of a target environment; 5. The composite sensor reading system of claim 4, wherein, receiving and storing the environmental data detected by the composite sensor; and 6. A composite sensor reading method, characterized by, ​ ​ ​ ​ identifying completeness and validity of the environmental data; returning the environmental data to the digital signal processor when the environmental data is complete and valid.

7. The composite sensor reading method of claim 6, wherein, The sending of the data reading instruction to the composite sensor to enable the composite sensor to detect environmental data of a target environment comprises: receiving the data reading instruction sent by the digital signal processor through a register management module and sending the data reading instruction to a data sending module; translating the data reading instruction into a single-bit serial instruction based on a data communication protocol; sending the single-bit serial instruction to the composite sensor to enable the composite sensor to detect environmental data of a target environment.

8. The composite sensor reading method of claim 6, wherein, The receiving and storing of the environmental data detected by the composite sensor comprises: receiving a sending completion signal returned by the data sending module; sending a receiving enable signal to a data receiving module based on the sending completion signal to enable the data receiving module to receive the environmental data, detect validity of the environmental data and output a data validity signal; sending a receiving enable signal to a data storage module based on the sending completion signal to enable the data storage module to identify the environmental data received by the data receiving module and the data validity signal, store the environmental data to a target register and output a data completeness and validity signal.

9. The composite sensor reading method of claim 6, wherein, Before the receiving and storing of the environmental data detected by the composite sensor, the method further comprises: performing frequency division processing on a system clock of the field programmable gate array through a baud rate generation module to obtain a data acquisition enable signal; sending the data acquisition enable signal to the data sending module and the data receiving module.

10. The composite sensor reading method according to any one of claims 6-9, wherein, Before the receiving of the data reading instruction sent by the digital signal processor, the method further comprises: setting a data communication protocol between the data sending module, the data receiving module and the composite sensor.

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