Microgrid terminal control system

Abstract

The invention provides a micro-grid terminal control system. The micro-grid terminal control system comprises a control unit, a grid construction converter, a power generation side bus bar and a load side bus bar, the control unit is used for predicting a control voltage reference value based on the bus voltage at the next moment and the load side power at the next moment, and issuing the control voltage reference value to the network construction converter, so that the network construction converter performs voltage control based on the control voltage reference value; the next moment bus voltage is determined based on the real-time bus voltage collected from the power generation side bus bar, and the next moment load side power is determined based on the real-time power collected from the load side bus bar. The control unit can effectively manage and optimize the voltage control of the power system by generating and issuing a control voltage reference value, and solves a series of problems of high power supply requirements of electrical loads, high system safety requirements and the like, such as wind and light volatility, water electrolysis hydrogen production and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of microgrid technology, and in particular to a microgrid terminal control system. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, wind and solar power generation has become an important supplement to petrochemical energy. In the traditional oil and gas field development process, gas turbine units are often used as the power source for operations in remote well areas. This model is not only costly but also has poor environmental benefits. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a microgrid terminal control system to address the deficiencies in existing technologies.

[0004] This invention provides a microgrid terminal control system, comprising: Control unit, grid converter, generator-side busbar and load-side busbar; The control unit is used to predict a control voltage reference value based on the bus voltage and load-side power at the next time step, and to send the control voltage reference value to the grid converter so that the grid converter can perform voltage control based on the control voltage reference value. The bus voltage at the next time step is determined based on the real-time bus voltage collected from the generator-side bus, and the load-side power at the next time step is determined based on the real-time power collected from the load-side bus.

[0005] According to a microgrid terminal control system provided by the present invention, the bus voltage at the next moment is determined by a power supply side bus voltage prediction model based on historical bus voltages in a historical bus voltage database and the real-time bus voltage.

[0006] According to a microgrid terminal control system provided by the present invention, the load-side power at the next moment is determined by a load-side power prediction model based on historical power in a historical load-side power database and the real-time power.

[0007] According to a microgrid terminal control system provided by the present invention, the grid converter is used to control the control voltage reference value and employs dual closed-loop voltage control.

[0008] According to a microgrid terminal control system provided by the present invention, the control unit is further configured to predict the power generation side based on the bus voltage at the next moment, using a power allocation model.

[0009] According to a microgrid terminal control system provided by the present invention, the system further includes a first protection unit, and the generator-side busbar is connected to the grid converter through the first protection unit.

[0010] According to a microgrid terminal control system provided by the present invention, the system further includes a grid-connected switch, and the grid converter is connected to the generator-side busbar through the grid-connected switch.

[0011] According to a microgrid terminal control system provided by the present invention, the system further includes a second protection unit, which is disposed between the grid-connected switch and the grid converter.

[0012] According to a microgrid terminal control system provided by the present invention, the load-side busbar is connected to a petrochemical load and a sensitive load.

[0013] According to a microgrid terminal control system provided by the present invention, the power generation side busbar is connected to a photovoltaic power generation module, a wind turbine generator set, and a gas turbine generator set.

[0014] The present invention also provides a control method based on a microgrid terminal control system, comprising: Based on the bus voltage and load power at the next moment, the control voltage reference value is predicted and sent to the grid converter so that the grid converter can perform voltage control based on the control voltage reference value. The bus voltage at the next moment is determined based on the real-time bus voltage collected from the generator side bus, and the load power at the next moment is determined based on the real-time power collected from the load side bus.

[0015] The present invention also provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the control method of the microgrid terminal control system described above.

[0016] The present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the control method based on the microgrid terminal control system as described above.

[0017] The present invention also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the control method based on a microgrid terminal control system as described above.

[0018] The microgrid terminal control system provided by this invention can effectively manage and optimize the voltage control of the power system by generating and issuing control voltage reference values, thus solving a series of problems such as the high power supply requirements of wind and solar power fluctuations, water electrolysis for hydrogen production, and other power loads, as well as high system safety requirements. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the microgrid terminal control system provided by the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a block diagram of the dual closed-loop voltage control of the grid converter provided by the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0024] In traditional oil and gas field development, gas turbines are often used as the power source for operations in remote well areas. This model is not only costly but also has poor environmental benefits. However, a new model that couples the volatility of wind and solar energy with gas turbines will greatly reduce carbon emissions from oil and gas field development, effectively solving the "double high" problem of high carbon emissions and high costs in the production process.

[0025] The microgrid terminal control system provided by this invention solves a series of problems such as the volatility of wind and solar power, high power supply requirements for electricity loads such as water electrolysis for hydrogen production, and high system safety requirements through predictive models and grid control strategies.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the microgrid terminal control system provided by the present invention, as shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the system includes a control unit, a grid converter, a generator-side busbar, and a load-side busbar.

[0027] The control unit is used to predict the control voltage reference value based on the bus voltage and load-side power at the next time step, and then convert the control voltage reference value V... REFThe data is sent to the grid converter so that the grid converter can perform voltage control based on the control voltage reference value. The bus voltage at the next moment is determined based on the real-time bus voltage collected from the generator side bus, and the load side power at the next moment is determined based on the real-time power collected from the load side bus.

[0028] Specifically, the next moment bus voltage refers to the expected voltage level of the generator-side busbar some time in the future (e.g., a few seconds or minutes). The next moment load-side power refers to the expected power demand of each load in the load-side busbar at a future point in time.

[0029] The control unit first collects real-time bus voltage from the generator side bus and real-time power from the load side bus. The real-time bus voltage and real-time power can be obtained in real time through sensors or monitoring equipment.

[0030] Next, the control unit can use algorithms and control strategies to generate the control voltage reference value for the next time step. The control voltage reference value is a target value used to guide how the grid converter adjusts its output voltage. It is an ideal value determined by the control unit based on the current system state and future predictions, aiming to ensure that the voltage of each node in the system is maintained within a safe and stable range.

[0031] Specifically, the control voltage reference value is used to indicate how much the grid converter should adjust its output voltage to adapt to expected load demand and grid conditions. The grid converter (a power electronic device) is primarily used to convert direct current (DC) generated by renewable energy power generation equipment (such as solar photovoltaic systems or wind turbines) into alternating current (AC) and connect it to the public power grid. Its main function is to ensure the transmission and interconnection of electrical energy between renewable energy power generation equipment and the grid, so as to inject the electrical energy generated by the power generation equipment into the grid.

[0032] The grid converter adjusts the output voltage based on the received control voltage reference value. This adjustment is usually achieved by adjusting the winding ratio of the transformer or other electrical parameters to keep the voltage of each node in the system within a safe and stable range.

[0033] Maintaining appropriate voltage is crucial in power system operation, as both excessively high and low voltages can lead to equipment damage or system instability. Therefore, control units can effectively manage and optimize power system voltage control by generating and distributing control voltage reference values. The generated control voltage reference values ​​are sent to the grid converter via a communication system (such as a network or dedicated communication link). Upon receiving the control voltage reference values, the grid converter adjusts its operating parameters accordingly to ensure that its output voltage approaches or reaches the expected control voltage.

[0034] The microgrid terminal control system provided in this invention can effectively manage and optimize the voltage control of the power system by generating and issuing control voltage reference values, thus solving a series of problems such as the high power supply requirements of wind and solar power fluctuations, water electrolysis for hydrogen production, and other power loads, as well as high system safety requirements.

[0035] Based on the above embodiments, the bus voltage at the next moment is determined by the power supply side bus voltage prediction model based on the historical bus voltage in the historical bus voltage database and the real-time bus voltage.

[0036] Optionally, the power supply side bus voltage prediction model can first analyze historical bus voltages over a past period (which could be days, weeks, or longer) to perform trend analysis of historical data and identify and understand seasonal variations, daily patterns, and abnormal events in the bus voltage. Furthermore, the power supply side bus voltage prediction model receives and monitors the current bus voltage (i.e., real-time bus voltage) in real time. Based on trend analysis of historical data and the real-time bus voltage, it pre-calculates the possible bus voltage at a future time (typically a few minutes or hours later), i.e., the bus voltage at the next moment.

[0037] In addition, the power supply side bus voltage prediction model can be updated periodically based on the new bus voltage to improve the model's prediction accuracy and precision.

[0038] The bus voltage at the next moment can be calculated using the following weighted average method:

[0039] In the formula, k is the voltage calculation period, u(k) is the digitally sampled voltage value, N is the number of calculation periods, a is the weighting coefficient for historical data, and b is the weighting coefficient for real-time data, where a+b=1.

[0040] Based on any of the above embodiments, the load-side power at the next moment is determined by the load-side power prediction model based on the historical power and real-time power in the historical load-side power database.

[0041] Optionally, the load-side power forecasting model can first analyze and utilize historical power data to perform trend analysis. Historical data includes actual power usage over a past period (typically days, weeks, or even months), revealing daily load patterns, weekly patterns, and seasonal variations. By analyzing trends, seasonality, and periodic changes in historical data, the load-side power forecasting model can predict future load-side power trends. For example, machine learning algorithms, such as regression analysis, neural networks, or support vector machines, can be used to build the load-side power forecasting model based on historical data patterns and real-time data changes.

[0042] Real-time power can be obtained in real time through smart meters, load-side sensors, or other monitoring devices.

[0043] Based on any of the above embodiments, the grid converter is used to control the reference value of the control voltage and employs dual closed-loop voltage control.

[0044] Grid converters are typically used in the construction and operation of DC power fields, employing a dual-loop voltage control system with the goal of controlling the voltage reference value. The dual-loop voltage control system aims to ensure that the DC voltage output by the grid converter can be stabilized at a predetermined target value, thereby meeting the operational requirements and stability needs of the power system.

[0045] The dual closed-loop voltage control system includes an outer-loop voltage control and an inner-loop voltage control. The outer-loop voltage control sets the target value of the DC output voltage of the grid converter and measures the DC output voltage of the grid converter in real time. The inner-loop voltage control typically uses a PI controller to handle the output error of the outer-loop voltage controller and drive the control elements of the grid converter (such as IGBTs or MOSFET switches). The inner-loop controller generates control signals to stabilize the output voltage of the grid converter near the outer-loop setpoint.

[0046] The grid converter employs a dual closed-loop voltage control principle as follows: The outer loop controller sets the target DC voltage value to be output by the grid converter. The actual DC voltage value is measured from the grid converter's output. The outer loop controller calculates the error between the target value and the actual value. The PI regulator adjusts the output of the inner loop controller based on the control quantity calculated from the error. The inner loop controller, based on the PI regulator's output, adjusts the output control elements of the grid converter to gradually bring the actual output voltage closer to the set value. After adjustment, the DC voltage output by the grid converter eventually stabilizes near the set target value.

[0047] Through dual closed-loop voltage control, the grid converter can quickly respond to changes in external grid conditions while maintaining the stability and accuracy of the output voltage. Figure 2 This is a block diagram of the dual closed-loop voltage control of the grid converter provided by the present invention.

[0048] Based on any of the above embodiments, the control unit is also used to predict the power generation side based on the bus voltage at the next moment, using the power allocation model.

[0049] Optionally, the control unit can predict the generator-side power based on the next moment's bus voltage using a power allocation model, that is, use the predicted generator-side power to determine the power regulation strategy on the generator side. For example, if the prediction shows that the bus voltage may drop in the next moment, the control unit can guide the generator side to adjust its output to maintain a stable voltage level.

[0050] Based on any of the above embodiments, the system further includes a first protection unit, through which the generator-side busbar is connected to the grid converter.

[0051] Specifically, the grid converter is responsible for converting the alternating current (AC) from the power grid into the required direct current (DC). The output DC voltage of the grid converter needs to be controlled and regulated according to the grid's operational requirements and stability needs. The control unit is responsible for monitoring the grid and system status, formulating regulation strategies based on predicted voltage or load conditions, guiding the operation of the grid converter and other equipment, and ensuring stable grid operation.

[0052] The first protection unit is a crucial protection device located between the generator-side busbar and the grid converter. Its main function is to quickly cut off the current when abnormal conditions occur in the power grid or system, thus protecting the equipment from damage. The first protection unit typically monitors parameters such as current and voltage, and determines whether intervention is necessary, such as disconnecting the current path, based on preset protection logic.

[0053] Based on any of the above embodiments, the system further includes a grid-connected switch, and the grid converter is connected to the generator-side busbar through the grid-connected switch.

[0054] Specifically, the grid-connected switch is a key component connecting the grid converter and the generator-side busbar. The grid-connected switch allows the grid converter to connect to or disconnect from the power grid. When it is necessary to transmit DC power from the generator side to the grid, the grid-connected switch opens, allowing DC power to enter the grid through the generator-side busbar. When the system requires isolation or protection, such as during grid faults or maintenance, the grid-connected switch controls the disconnection of the grid converter from the grid to ensure safe operation.

[0055] Based on any of the above embodiments, the system further includes a second protection unit, which is disposed between the grid-connected switch and the grid converter.

[0056] Specifically, the main function of the second protection unit is to protect the grid converter and grid-connected switch from damage or overload. The second protection unit monitors parameters such as current, voltage, and temperature, and detects abnormal system conditions, taking timely protective measures such as disconnecting circuits or reducing output power to prevent equipment overload or damage.

[0057] When an abnormally high current occurs in the power grid or system, the second protection unit can respond quickly and disconnect the circuit to prevent equipment damage. When the grid voltage rises abnormally, the second protection unit can detect this and implement corresponding protective measures to prevent excessive voltage from damaging the grid converter or other equipment. Grid converters and grid-connected switches generate heat during operation, and the second protection unit can monitor the equipment temperature. When the temperature exceeds the safe range, it will take measures such as reducing the current or shutting down for cooling to protect the equipment from overheating damage. The second protection unit can also perform fault diagnosis, detecting the system's health status through sensors and monitoring equipment status, issuing alarm signals or notifications to remind operators to take appropriate measures to resolve the problem.

[0058] Based on any of the above embodiments, the load-side busbar is connected to both petrochemical loads and sensitive loads.

[0059] Specifically, petrochemical loads typically refer to production facilities and process equipment in the petrochemical industry. These loads usually have high power demands and significant electricity consumption, involving chemical production processes and control systems. Petrochemical loads have high requirements for power stability and reliability because power outages or fluctuations can lead to production interruptions or equipment damage, resulting in increased production costs and safety risks. Petrochemical loads also have stringent requirements for power quality, typically requiring stable voltage and frequency to ensure the normal operation of production processes and the stability of product quality.

[0060] Sensitive loads can encompass various sectors, such as medical facilities, communication base stations, and data centers. Their high requirements for power supply stability and quality classify them as a special load category. Sensitive loads are extremely sensitive to power outages and voltage fluctuations; even minor power issues can lead to significant impacts, such as equipment damage, data loss, or service interruptions. To ensure the normal operation of sensitive loads, additional power protection equipment, such as voltage regulators and UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply), is typically required to cope with grid fluctuations or temporary power outages. Sensitive loads may include water electrolysis hydrogen production units.

[0061] Based on any of the above embodiments, the power generation side busbar is connected to a photovoltaic power generation module, a wind turbine generator set, and a gas turbine generator set.

[0062] Specifically, photovoltaic (PV) power generation modules directly convert solar energy into electrical energy without the need for moving parts. PV modules typically consist of photovoltaic panels that generate direct current (DC) through solar radiation, which is then converted to alternating current (AC) by an inverter. A suitable inverter is required to convert DC to AC before the PV system can be connected to the generator-side bus. During connection, power matching, voltage and frequency stability, and grid connection standards must be considered to ensure the safe and stable operation of the PV system.

[0063] Wind turbines utilize wind energy to drive a wind turbine that generates mechanical energy, which is then converted into electrical energy by the generator. A typical wind turbine consists of a rotor, gearbox, and generator, with the generator's output connected to the power grid via cables. To ensure stable power output under various wind speed conditions, wind turbines usually require frequency converters or other control equipment for power regulation and grid synchronization before connecting to the generator's busbar.

[0064] Gas turbine generators utilize the combustion of fuels (such as natural gas) to generate heat energy, which is then converted into electrical energy, offering high efficiency and flexibility. Gas turbine generators can be started and stopped quickly, making them suitable for situations with large fluctuations in electricity demand. The connection of gas turbine generators requires consideration of fuel supply, combustion efficiency, and the regulation and control of the power generation system. They are typically connected to the generator-side busbar and require synchronization and dispatch with the power grid.

[0065] Based on any of the above embodiments, the present invention also provides a control method based on a microgrid terminal control system, the method comprising: Based on the bus voltage and load power at the next moment, the control voltage reference value is predicted and sent to the grid converter so that the grid converter can perform voltage control based on the control voltage reference value. The bus voltage at the next moment is determined based on the real-time bus voltage collected from the generator side bus, and the load power at the next moment is determined based on the real-time power collected from the load side bus.

[0066] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided by the present invention, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the electronic device may include a processor 310, a communication interface 320, a memory 330, and a communication bus 340. The processor 310, communication interface 320, and memory 330 communicate with each other via the communication bus 340. The processor 310 can call logic instructions in the memory 330 to execute a control method based on a microgrid terminal control system. This method includes: predicting a control voltage reference value based on the next-time bus voltage and the next-time load-side power, and sending the control voltage reference value to the grid converter so that the grid converter performs voltage control based on the control voltage reference value. The next-time bus voltage is determined based on the real-time bus voltage collected from the generator-side bus, and the next-time load-side power is determined based on the real-time power collected from the load-side bus.

[0067] Furthermore, the logical instructions in the aforementioned memory 330 can be implemented as software functional units and, when sold or used as independent products, can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0068] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program that can be stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer can execute the control method based on the microgrid terminal control system provided by the above methods. The method includes: predicting a control voltage reference value based on the bus voltage and the load-side power at the next moment, and sending the control voltage reference value to the grid converter so that the grid converter can perform voltage control based on the control voltage reference value. The bus voltage at the next moment is determined based on the real-time bus voltage collected from the generator-side bus, and the load-side power at the next moment is determined based on the real-time power collected from the load-side bus.

[0069] In another aspect, the present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon. When executed by a processor, the computer program is implemented to perform the control method based on the microgrid terminal control system provided by the above methods. The method includes: predicting a control voltage reference value based on the bus voltage and the load-side power at the next moment, and sending the control voltage reference value to the grid converter so that the grid converter performs voltage control based on the control voltage reference value. The bus voltage at the next moment is determined based on the real-time bus voltage collected from the generator-side bus, and the load-side power at the next moment is determined based on the real-time power collected from the load-side bus.

[0070] The system embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement this without any creative effort.

[0071] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms, and of course, it can also be implemented by hardware. Based on this understanding, the above technical solutions, in essence or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.

[0072] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A microgrid terminal control system, characterized by, The system comprises a control unit, a grid-forming converter, a power generation side busbar and a load side busbar. The control unit is configured to predict a control voltage reference value based on a next time bus voltage and a next time load side power, and send the control voltage reference value to the grid-forming converter, so that the grid-forming converter performs voltage control based on the control voltage reference value, wherein the next time bus voltage is determined based on a real-time bus voltage collected from the power generation side busbar, and the next time load side power is determined based on a real-time power collected from the load side busbar. The next time bus voltage is determined by a power source side bus voltage prediction model based on historical bus voltages in a historical bus voltage database and the real-time bus voltage.

2. The microgrid terminal control system of claim 1, wherein, The next time load side power is determined by a load side power prediction model based on historical powers in a historical load side power database and the real-time power.

3. The microgrid terminal control system of claim 1, wherein, The grid-forming converter is configured to adopt double closed-loop voltage control with the control voltage reference value as a control target.

4. The microgrid terminal control system of claim 1, wherein, The control unit is further configured to predict a power generation side power based on the next time bus voltage by using a power distribution model.

5. The microgrid terminal control system of claim 1, wherein, The system further comprises a first protection unit, and the power generation side busbar is connected to the grid-forming converter through the first protection unit.

6. The microgrid terminal control system of claim 1, wherein, The system further comprises a grid-connected switch, and the grid-forming converter is connected to the power generation side busbar through the grid-connected switch.

7. The microgrid terminal control system of claim 1, wherein, The system further comprises a second protection unit, and the second protection unit is arranged between the grid-connected switch and the grid-forming converter.

8. The microgrid terminal control system of claim 7, wherein, The load side busbar is connected to a petrochemical load and a sensitive load.

9. The microgrid terminal control system of claim 1, wherein, The power generation side busbar is connected to a photovoltaic power generation module, a wind turbine generator set and a gas turbine generator set.

10. The microgrid terminal control system of claim 1, wherein, ​

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