Implementation method of compound microbial agent in early field saline-alkali soil treatment

Abstract

The invention discloses an implementation method of a compound microbial agent in early field saline-alkali soil treatment, and belongs to the technical field of saline-alkali soil treatment. The method comprises the steps of preparation of a compound microbial agent, pretreatment of early field saline-alkali soil, application of the compound microbial agent and matched management measures. The compound microbial agent is prepared by mixing bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus megaterium, bacillus mucilaginosus and azotobacter chroococcum according to the volume ratio of 3: 2: 2: 2: 1. The early field saline-alkali soil pretreatment comprises deep ploughing and soil loosening and land leveling; the fungicide is applied in two times, the first time is spraying application 10-15 days before sowing, and the second time is root irrigation application in the crop seedling stage. Through the synergistic effect of various strains, the soil salinity and alkalinity can be effectively reduced, the soil nutrient effectiveness is improved, the soil structure is improved, the crop growth is promoted, the yield is increased, the cost is low, no pollution is caused, and good economic benefits and ecological benefits are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of saline-alkali land management technology, and in particular to a method for implementing compound microbial agents in the management of early-season saline-alkali land. Background Technology

[0002] Hayata saline-alkali land refers to land in hayata agriculture where the soil contains excessive soluble salts and alkaline substances, leading to deterioration of soil physicochemical properties and affecting crop growth and development. This type of land generally suffers from poor soil structure, poor aeration and permeability, and low nutrient availability, severely restricting the sustainable development of agricultural production.

[0003] Currently, the main methods for managing saline-alkali land in Hayata include physical, chemical, and biological methods. Physical methods, such as deep plowing and topsoil application, are costly and their effects on improving soil structure are not long-lasting. Chemical methods, such as applying gypsum and phosphogypsum, can reduce soil salinity to some extent, but they are prone to causing secondary pollution, and long-term use can disrupt the soil's ecological balance. Among biological methods, using microorganisms to manage saline-alkali land has advantages such as low cost, no pollution, and long-lasting effects, making it a research hotspot in recent years.

[0004] However, most existing microbial agents used for saline-alkali land management suffer from problems such as single strains, poor adaptability, and unstable treatment effects, making it difficult to meet the actual needs of saline-alkali land management in Hayata.

[0005] Therefore, this invention proposes a compound microbial agent and its efficient implementation method to improve the treatment effect of saline-alkali land and promote sustainable agricultural development. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings in the existing technology, the present invention aims to solve the problems of single strain of microbial agents, poor adaptability and unstable treatment effect in the existing treatment of saline-alkali land in early-season fields. The present invention provides a method for implementing compound microbial agents in the treatment of saline-alkali land in early-season fields, so as to improve the treatment effect of saline-alkali land in early-season fields, improve soil quality and promote crop growth.

[0007] A method for implementing compound microbial agents in the treatment of saline-alkali land in Hayata includes the following steps:

[0008] S1. Preparation of compound microbial inoculants:

[0009] Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus mucilaginosus, and Azotobacter chrysophagus were screened for their salt and alkali tolerance, nitrogen fixation, phosphorus solubilization, and potassium solubilization functions. Single-strain bacterial solutions were cultured separately to obtain single-strain bacterial solutions. The single-strain bacterial solutions were then mixed in a volume ratio of 3:2:2:2:1 to obtain a compound microbial agent with a viable count of not less than 10⁹ CFU / mL.

[0010] S2. Pretreatment of Hayata saline-alkali land:

[0011] Deep plowing of the Hayata saline-alkali land to a depth of 25-30cm, followed by leveling the land;

[0012] S3. Application of compound microbial agents:

[0013] 10-15 days before sowing, mix the compound microbial agent with water at a rate of 200-300 mL / m2 and spray it; during the seedling stage, mix the compound microbial agent with water at a rate of 100-150 mL / m2 and drench the roots.

[0014] S4. Supporting Management Measures:

[0015] Irrigate properly to keep the soil moist, with irrigation water pH value of 7.0-8.0; apply appropriate amounts of organic and inorganic fertilizers, with organic fertilizer application rate of 2000-3000 kg / mu and inorganic fertilizer nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ratio of 1:0.5:0.8-1:0.8:1.2; plant salt-tolerant crops.

[0016] Preferably, the culture conditions for each strain in step S1 are as follows:

[0017] Bacillus subtilis culture time is 30-32℃, pH 7.0-7.2, aeration rate of 1:1.2-1:1.5 (v / v / min), and incubation time of 24-36h.

[0018] Bacillus licheniformis culture was performed at a temperature of 28-30℃, a pH of 7.2-7.4, an aeration rate of 1:1.0-1:1.2 (v / v / min), and a culture time of 36-48h.

[0019] Bacillus megaterium was cultured at a temperature of 32-34℃, a pH of 6.8-7.0, an aeration rate of 1:1.5-1:1.8 (v / v / min), and a culture time of 24-30h.

[0020] The optimal incubation period for Bacillus subtilis is 28-30℃, pH 7.0-7.2, aeration rate of 1:0.8-1:1.0 (v / v / min), and incubation time of 48-60h.

[0021] The optimal incubation period for *Azotobacter chrysoprase* is 25-28℃, pH 6.5-7.0, aeration rate of 1:0.5-1:0.8 (v / v / min), and incubation time of 60-72 h.

[0022] Preferably, in step S3, the mixing ratio of the compound microbial agent to water is 1:5 during the first application and 1:3 during the second application.

[0023] Preferably, the salt-tolerant crops mentioned in step S4 are chili peppers, soybeans, and corn.

[0024] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0025] The compound microbial agent used in this invention is composed of a variety of strains with different functions. These strains have a synergistic effect, which can improve the availability of nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in the soil, improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil, reduce soil salinity and alkalinity, and improve soil fertility.

[0026] The implementation method of this invention combines the pretreatment of early-maturing saline-alkali land, the phased application of compound microbial agents, and supporting management measures, which can give full play to the role of compound microbial agents, improve the treatment effect of early-maturing saline-alkali land, promote crop growth, and increase crop yield.

[0027] The method for preparing the compound microbial agent of the present invention is simple, low-cost, convenient to apply, and environmentally friendly, and has good economic and ecological benefits. Attached Figure Description

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for implementing compound microbial agents in the treatment of saline-alkali land in Hayata according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0031] A method for implementing compound microbial agents in the treatment of saline-alkali land in Hayata includes the following steps:

[0032] Preparation of compound microbial agents

[0033] (1) Strain screening and culture: Strains with salt and alkali tolerance, nitrogen fixation, phosphorus solubilization, and potassium solubilization functions were screened, including Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus mucilaginosus, and Azotobacter chrysophagus. Each strain was inoculated into its corresponding culture medium and cultured under suitable temperature, pH, and aeration conditions to obtain single-strain bacterial suspensions. The culture conditions for Bacillus subtilis were: temperature 30-32℃, pH 7.0-7.2, aeration rate 1:1.2-1:1.5 (v / v / min), and culture time 24-36 h; the culture conditions for Bacillus licheniformis were: temperature 28-30℃, pH 7.2-7.4, aeration rate 1:1.0-1:1.2 (v / v / min), and culture time 36-48 h; the culture conditions for Bacillus megaterium were: temperature 32-34℃, pH 6.8-7.0. The aeration rate for *Bacillus mucilaginosus* is 1:1.5-1:1.8 (v / v / min), and the culture time is 24-30 h. The culture conditions for *Bacillus mucilaginosus* are: temperature 28-30℃, pH 7.0-7.2, aeration rate 1:0.8-1:1.0 (v / v / min), and culture time 48-60 h. The culture conditions for *Azotobacter chrysophyte* are: temperature 25-28℃, pH 6.5-7.0, aeration rate 1:0.5-1:0.8 (v / v / min), and culture time 60-72 h.

[0034] (2) Preparation of compound microbial agent: The above single-strain bacterial solutions are mixed in a certain volume ratio: Bacillus subtilis: Bacillus licheniformis: Bacillus megaterium: Bacillus mucilaginosus: Azotobacter chrysophyll = 3:2:2:2:1 to obtain a compound microbial agent. The viable count of the compound microbial agent is not less than 10⁹ CFU / mL.

[0035] Hayata saline-alkali land pretreatment

[0036] (1) Deep plowing and loosening of soil: Deep plowing of early saline-alkali land to a depth of 25-30cm is carried out to break up the soil plow layer and improve soil aeration and water permeability.

[0037] (2) Leveling the land: Level the land after deep plowing, remove stones, weeds and other debris from the land, and ensure that the land surface is flat.

[0038] Application of compound microbial agents

[0039] (1) First application: 10-15 days before sowing, mix the compound microbial agent with an appropriate amount of water at a dosage of 200-300 mL / m2, and then spray it evenly on the surface of the early saline-alkali land by spraying.

[0040] (2) Second application: During the seedling stage of crops, mix the compound microbial agent with an appropriate amount of water at a dosage of 100-150 mL / m2 and apply it to the soil around the roots of the crops by root irrigation.

[0041] Supporting management measures

[0042] (1) Irrigation management: Irrigate reasonably according to soil moisture and crop growth needs to keep the soil moist, but avoid flooding to prevent secondary soil salinization. The pH value of irrigation water should be controlled between 7.0 and 8.0.

[0043] (2) Fertilizer management: Combine the application of compound microbial agents with appropriate amounts of organic and inorganic fertilizers. The application rate of organic fertilizer is 2000-3000 kg / mu, and the application rate of inorganic fertilizer is determined according to the soil nutrient status and crop requirements. The ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 1:0.5:0.8-1:0.8:1.2.

[0044] (3) Crop planting: Plant chili peppers, soybeans, corn, etc., and sow them according to appropriate planting density and planting methods.

[0045] Example 1 (Cultivating Chili Peppers)

[0046] 1. Experimental site: A saline-alkali land in a certain early-season field was selected as the experimental field. The soil pH value of the experimental field was 9.0-11.8, and the total salt content was 0.25-0.4%.

[0047] 2. Pretreatment of saline-alkali land in Hayata: The experimental field was deeply plowed to a depth of 28cm, then the land was leveled and debris was removed.

[0048] 3. Application of compound microbial agents

[0049] (1) First application: 12 days before sowing, apply the compound microbial agent at a rate of 250 mL / m 2 The dosage is mixed evenly with clean water at a ratio of 1:5, and then sprayed evenly on the surface of the experimental field using a spraying method.

[0050] (2) Second application: During the crop seedling stage (30 days after sowing), apply the compound microbial agent at a rate of 120 mL / m³. 2 Mix the dosage with water at a ratio of 1:3 and apply it to the soil around the crop roots by root irrigation.

[0051] 4. Supporting Management Measures

[0052] (1) Irrigation management: Irrigate once every 10-15 days according to soil moisture, keep the soil moisture content between 60-70% of field capacity, and the pH value of irrigation water is 7.5.

[0053] (2) Fertilizer management: Apply 2500 kg / mu of organic fertilizer. The ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in inorganic fertilizer is 1:0.6:1.0. The application amount is 15 kg / mu of nitrogen fertilizer (calculated as N), 9 kg / mu of phosphorus fertilizer (calculated as P2O5), and 15 kg / mu of potassium fertilizer (calculated as K2O).

[0054] (3) Crop planting: Chili peppers were selected as the crop, with a planting density of 6,000 plants per mu, and the seeding was carried out by hole sowing.

[0055] Example 2 (Soybean Cultivation)

[0056] 1. Experimental site: Another saline-alkali land in Hayata was selected as the experimental field, with a soil pH of 8.9-12 and a total salt content of 0.3-0.45%.

[0057] 2. Pretreatment of saline-alkali land in Hayata: The experimental field was deeply plowed to a depth of 26cm, and then the land was leveled and debris was removed.

[0058] 3. Application of compound microbial agents

[0059] (1) First application: 10 days before sowing, apply the compound microbial agent at a rate of 220 mL / m 2 The dosage is mixed evenly with clean water at a ratio of 1:5, and then sprayed evenly on the surface of the experimental field using a sprayer.

[0060] (2) Second application: During the seedling stage of the crop (25 days after sowing), apply the compound microbial agent at a rate of 110 mL / m³. 2 Mix the dosage with water at a ratio of 1:3 and apply it to the soil around the roots of the crop by root irrigation.

[0061] 4. Supporting Management Measures

[0062] (1) Irrigation management: Irrigate once every 12-16 days according to soil moisture conditions to maintain soil moisture content at 55-65% of field capacity, and the pH value of irrigation water is 7.3.

[0063] (2) Fertilizer management: Apply 2200 kg / mu of organic fertilizer and the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in inorganic fertilizer is 1:0.5:0.9. The application amount is 12 kg / mu of nitrogen fertilizer (calculated as N), 6 kg / mu of phosphorus fertilizer (calculated as P2O5) and 10.8 kg / mu of potassium fertilizer (calculated as K2O).

[0064] (3) Crop planting: Soybeans were selected as the crop, with a planting density of 6,000 plants per mu, and sowing was carried out by row sowing.

[0065] Example 3 (Corn Planting)

[0066] 1. Experimental site: The third plot of Hayata saline-alkali land was selected as the experimental field, with a soil pH of 9.1-12.8 and a total salt content of 0.30-0.55%.

[0067] 2. Pretreatment of Hayata saline-alkali land: The experimental field was deeply plowed to a depth of 29cm, and then the land was leveled and debris was removed.

[0068] 3. Application of compound microbial agents

[0069] (1) First application: 14 days before sowing, apply the compound microbial agent at a rate of 280 mL / m 2 Mix the dosage with clean water at a ratio of 1:5, and then spray it evenly on the surface of the experimental field using a sprayer.

[0070] (2) Second application: During the seedling stage of the crop (32 days after sowing), apply the compound microbial agent at a rate of 140 mL / m³. 2 Mix the dosage with water at a ratio of 1:3 and apply it to the soil around the roots of the crop by root irrigation.

[0071] 4. Supporting Management Measures

[0072] (1) Irrigation management: Irrigate once every 9-14 days according to soil moisture, keep the soil moisture content at 65-75% of field capacity, and the pH value of irrigation water is 7.7.

[0073] (2) Fertilizer management: Apply 2800 kg / mu of organic fertilizer and the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in inorganic fertilizer is 1:0.7:1.1. The application amount is 16 kg / mu of nitrogen fertilizer (calculated as N), 11.2 kg / mu of phosphorus fertilizer (calculated as P2O5) and 17.6 kg / mu of potassium fertilizer (calculated as K2O).

[0074] (3) Crop planting: Corn was selected as the crop, with a planting density of 5,000 plants per mu, and sowing was carried out by row sowing.

[0075] Experimental Data and Results Analysis

[0076] 1. Experimental Design: Each embodiment included a control group and an experimental group. The control group used conventional methods for treating saline-alkali land (without applying compound microbial agents), while the experimental group used the method described in this invention. Each group was replicated three times, with a plot area of ​​30m². 2 .

[0077] 2. Measurement indicators: After crop harvest, soil pH, total salt content, organic matter content, available nitrogen content, available phosphorus content, available potassium content, and crop yield are measured.

[0078] 3. Experimental results: The experimental results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0079] Table 1

[0080]

[0081] Results Analysis: As shown in the table above, in all three examples, compared with their respective control groups, the experimental groups showed significantly lower soil pH and total salt content, significantly higher soil organic matter and nutrient content, and a substantial increase in crop yield. This indicates that the implementation method of the present invention can effectively improve the soil conditions of early-season saline-alkali land, promote crop growth, and increase yield in different salt-tolerant crop planting scenarios, demonstrating broad applicability and good remediation effects.

[0082] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for implementing compound microbial agents in the treatment of saline-alkali land in Hayata, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Preparation of compound microbial inoculants: Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus mucilaginosus, and Azotobacter chrysophagus were screened for their salt and alkali tolerance, nitrogen fixation, phosphorus solubilization, and potassium solubilization functions. Single-strain bacterial solutions were cultured separately to obtain single-strain bacterial solutions. The single-strain bacterial solutions were then mixed in a volume ratio of 3:2:2:2:1 to obtain a compound microbial agent with a viable count of not less than 10⁹ CFU / mL. S2. Pretreatment of Hayata saline-alkali land: Deep plowing of the Hayata saline-alkali land to a depth of 25-30cm, followed by leveling the land; S3. Application of compound microbial agents: 10-15 days before sowing, mix the compound microbial agent with water at a rate of 200-300 mL / m2 and spray it; during the seedling stage, mix the compound microbial agent with water at a rate of 100-150 mL / m2 and drench the roots. S4. Supporting Management Measures: Irrigate properly to keep the soil moist, with irrigation water pH value of 7.0-8.0; apply appropriate amounts of organic and inorganic fertilizers, with organic fertilizer application rate of 2000-3000 kg / mu and inorganic fertilizer nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ratio of 1:0.5:0.8-1:0.8:1.2; plant salt-tolerant crops.

2. The method for implementing compound microbial agents in the treatment of saline-alkali land in Hayata, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that, The culture conditions for each strain in step S1 are as follows: Bacillus subtilis culture time is 30-32℃, pH 7.0-7.2, aeration rate of 1:1.2-1:1.5 (v / v / min), and incubation time of 24-36h. Bacillus licheniformis culture was performed at a temperature of 28-30℃, a pH of 7.2-7.4, an aeration rate of 1:1.0-1:1.2 (v / v / min), and a culture time of 36-48h. Bacillus megaterium was cultured at a temperature of 32-34℃, a pH of 6.8-7.0, an aeration rate of 1:1.5-1:1.8 (v / v / min), and a culture time of 24-30h. The optimal incubation period for Bacillus subtilis is 28-30℃, pH 7.0-7.2, aeration rate of 1:0.8-1:1.0 (v / v / min), and incubation time of 48-60h. The optimal incubation period for *Azotobacter chrysoprase* is 25-28℃, pH 6.5-7.0, aeration rate of 1:0.5-1:0.8 (v / v / min), and incubation time of 60-72 h.

3. The method for implementing compound microbial agents in the treatment of saline-alkali land in Hayata according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the mixing ratio of compound microbial agent to water is 1:5 for the first application and 1:3 for the second application.

4. The method for implementing compound microbial agents in the treatment of saline-alkali land in Hayata according to claim 1, characterized in that: The salt-tolerant crops mentioned in step S4 are chili peppers, soybeans, and corn.

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