An integrated intelligent fertilizer application device suitable for various forms of fertilizer

Abstract

This invention provides an integrated intelligent fertilization device suitable for various fertilizer forms, belonging to the field of agricultural fertilization equipment technology. The device includes a trolley, a fertilizer storage tank, an intelligent control system, a fertilizer conveying mechanism, and a fertilization execution mechanism. The fertilizer storage tank is divided into a first chamber for storing solid fertilizer and a second chamber for storing liquid fertilizer by a partition plate. The intelligent control system is electrically connected to each mechanism, receives sensor signals, analyzes and processes them, and outputs control commands, dynamically adjusting fertilization parameters based on soil conditions, fertilizer form, and crop needs. The fertilizer conveying mechanism connects the two chambers, and the fertilization execution mechanism is installed at the lower end of the trolley. This invention achieves efficient, precise, and high-quality integrated fertilization through independent storage and conveying mechanisms adapting to multiple fertilizer forms, an intelligent control system dynamically regulating fertilization parameters, and a stirring mechanism and adjustable-angle nozzles optimizing liquid fertilizer application. It solves the problems of traditional devices' single-form adaptability, insufficient fertilization precision, and defects in liquid fertilizer processing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural fertilization equipment technology, and in particular to an integrated intelligent fertilization device suitable for various forms of fertilizer. Background Technology

[0002] In modern agricultural production, the application of various forms of fertilizers, such as solid and liquid fertilizers, has become a routine practice to meet the nutrient requirements of different crops at various growth stages and to adapt to the actual soil fertility. However, existing fertilization methods and equipment have many problems, making it difficult to achieve efficient and precise fertilization goals. Specifically, these problems are as follows:

[0003] Firstly, traditional fertilization equipment has a single function and is mostly designed for single-form fertilizers. If solid and liquid fertilizers need to be applied simultaneously, multiple devices need to be equipped and operated separately, which not only increases manpower and operating time, but also makes the fertilization process cumbersome and inefficient, making it difficult to adapt to the pace of large-scale agricultural production.

[0004] Secondly, the precision of fertilization is insufficient. Existing equipment generally lacks the ability to precisely control the amount and scope of fertilizer application, often resulting in fertilizer waste due to over-fertilization. At the same time, excessive nutrients enter water bodies through soil infiltration and surface runoff, causing environmental problems such as soil compaction and eutrophication of water bodies. On the other hand, insufficient application cannot meet the needs of crop growth, directly affecting yield and quality.

[0005] Third, liquid fertilizer processing has its shortcomings. During storage, liquid fertilizers are prone to sedimentation and stratification due to their composition, resulting in uneven fertilizer concentration and significant differences in crop absorption after application, thus affecting the overall fertilization quality. Furthermore, in the spraying process, the nozzle angle and spraying range of traditional devices are fixed, making it impossible to flexibly adjust according to actual conditions such as crop plant type and planting density, thus making it difficult to achieve targeted and precise spraying.

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an integrated intelligent fertilization device suitable for various forms of fertilizer to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This invention aims to provide an integrated intelligent fertilization device and method suitable for various forms of fertilizers, in order to solve the problems of low fertilization accuracy, difficulty in adapting to various fertilizer forms, and lack of intelligent control capabilities in existing fertilization technologies. It achieves precise, efficient, and intelligent fertilization operations, improves fertilizer utilization, promotes healthy crop growth, and reduces agricultural non-point source pollution.

[0008] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides an integrated intelligent fertilization device suitable for various forms of fertilizer, including a trolley, a fertilizer storage box, an intelligent control system, a fertilizer conveying mechanism and a fertilization execution mechanism. The fertilizer storage box is installed on the top surface of the trolley and is internally divided into a first chamber for storing solid fertilizer and a second chamber for storing liquid fertilizer by a partition plate.

[0009] The intelligent control system is electrically connected to the control panel, mobile power supply, and each feeding mechanism and mixing mechanism. After receiving and processing sensor signals, it outputs control commands and dynamically adjusts fertilization parameters based on soil conditions, fertilizer form, and crop requirements. The fertilizer conveying mechanism is connected to the first chamber and the second chamber respectively. The fertilization execution mechanism is installed at the lower end of the trolley.

[0010] Preferably, the intelligent control system includes a sensing unit, a data processing unit, a judgment unit, an adjustment unit, and a drive control unit;

[0011] The sensing unit is used to receive sensing information from a preset sensor group;

[0012] The data processing unit includes a preprocessing unit and a feature extraction unit. The preprocessing unit is used to receive sensor information and perform preprocessing. Preprocessing includes data classification and storage, outlier filtering, data standardization, and data integration. Data classification and storage classifies the received sensor information according to its type, dividing it into soil condition parameters, fertilizer form parameters, and crop requirement parameters.

[0013] The feature extraction unit is used to extract features from the preprocessed sensor information to obtain key feature parameters that characterize fertilization requirements; the key feature parameters include soil characteristics, fertilizer morphology characteristics, and crop requirement characteristics.

[0014] The judgment unit receives the key feature parameters output by the feature extraction unit, compares them with the preset fertilization adaptation standard, determines the type of fertilization parameter that needs to be adjusted, and generates an adjustment request signal.

[0015] The adjustment unit, based on the adjustment demand signal output by the judgment unit and combined with the range of device operating parameters, calculates the specific adjustment value of each fertilization parameter and forms the corresponding compensation instruction.

[0016] The drive control unit receives the compensation command output by the adjustment unit, converts it into control signals for the corresponding actuator, drives the fertilization actuator of the drive device to complete parameter adjustment, and achieves closed-loop control through real-time data feedback from the sensing unit.

[0017] Preferably, the top of the fertilizer storage tank is hinged with a first feeding port communicating with the first chamber and a second feeding port communicating with the second chamber. A guide platform is installed at the bottom of the first chamber. The guide platform is inclined and its lower end points towards the feeding end of the fertilizer conveying mechanism.

[0018] Preferably, the fertilizer conveying mechanism includes a first feeding mechanism connected to the first chamber, a second feeding mechanism connected to the second chamber, and a third feeding mechanism for burying. The first feeding mechanism includes a second motor installed inside the trolley, a screw feeder, and a blower installed at the top of the first chamber. The screw feeder has slots at both its top and bottom. The bottom slot communicates with the first chamber, and the top slot passes through the fertilizer storage box. The output end of the second motor is connected to the screw feeder via a coupling to drive the screw feeder to convey solid fertilizer from the bottom slot to the top slot. The output end of the blower communicates with the top slot.

[0019] Preferably, the second feeding mechanism includes a water pump installed in the second chamber, a water pump installed at the top of the second chamber, a pressurizer, and a first drain pipe; one end of the water pump is connected to the second chamber, and the other end is connected to the water pump; the output end of the water pump is connected to the pressurizer, and the first drain pipes are connected to both sides of the pressurizer; the other end of the first drain pipe is connected to an adjustment component.

[0020] Preferably, the adjustment assembly includes a reinforced hose, an adjustment box, electric actuators, and atomizing nozzles; one end of the reinforced hose is connected to the first drain pipe, and the other end is connected to the drain outlet inside the adjustment box; the adjustment box is hinged to both sides of the fertilizer storage box, and multiple atomizing nozzles are installed on the front end face via an mounting plate, with the other end of each atomizing nozzle inserted into the drain outlet, and a sealing ring provided at the connection point; two electric actuators are hinged to both sides of the fertilizer storage box, and the telescopic ends of the electric actuators are hinged to the bottom surface of the adjustment box.

[0021] Preferably, a stirring mechanism is installed inside the second chamber. The stirring mechanism includes a first motor installed on the top surface of the trolley, a rotating shaft rotatably installed inside the second chamber, and two sets of blades fixed on the rotating shaft. A transmission wheel is installed at the output end of the first motor and at one end of the rotating shaft, and a transmission belt is sleeved on the outside of the two transmission wheels.

[0022] Preferably, the third feeding mechanism includes a third motor installed on one side of the trolley, a plow installed at the lower end of the trolley, a throttle valve installed on the bottom of the trolley, and two second drain pipes; the output end of the third motor is equipped with a worm gear through a coupling, a worm wheel meshes with one side of the worm gear, a lead screw is installed at the center of the worm wheel, and the plow is threadedly connected to the lower end of the lead screw; one end of each of the two second drain pipes is connected to the first chamber and the second chamber respectively, and the other end is connected to the throttle valve, and a solenoid valve is installed on the pipes; a fertilizer discharge port is connected to one side of the throttle valve.

[0023] Preferably, the feature extraction unit specifically includes a soil extraction unit, a nutrient extraction unit, a crop requirement extraction unit, and a temporal feature fusion unit;

[0024] The soil extraction unit acquires crop information for the area to be fertilized, matches the corresponding soil parameter requirements, combines soil monitoring data from the device's operating area, calculates the soil nutrient deviation set, and outputs soil characteristics.

[0025] The nutrient extraction unit distinguishes between solid and liquid fertilizer forms, extracts particle uniformity, moisture content or concentration deviation, and viscosity, and outputs fertilizer morphology characteristics.

[0026] The crop demand extraction unit collects crop variety, growth stage, plant height, and leaf area index, calculates growth status coefficient, and estimates nutrient absorption rate by combining crop variety, growth stage, growth status coefficient, and available soil nutrients, and outputs crop demand characteristics.

[0027] The temporal feature fusion unit delineates the device's operating area, slides through and collects multiple sets of feature data according to a preset window duration, and fuses soil features, fertilizer morphology features, and crop demand features respectively through a weighted average algorithm to generate soil feature fusion value, fertilizer morphology feature fusion value, and crop demand feature fusion value.

[0028] The fused key feature vectors are used as parameters representing fertilization demand and output to the judgment unit.

[0029] Compared with related technologies, the integrated intelligent fertilization device suitable for various forms of fertilizers provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] 1. This invention achieves integrated application of solid and liquid fertilizers through an independent storage chamber and a dedicated conveying mechanism. It can complete the application of multiple fertilizer forms without changing equipment, reducing manpower and operation time, meeting the demand for efficient fertilization in large-scale agricultural production, and solving the problem that traditional devices can only handle a single fertilizer form.

[0031] 2. This invention uses an intelligent control system to perceive the status of soil, crops and fertilizer in real time, and dynamically adjust the amount, concentration and range of fertilizer application to avoid soil compaction and water pollution caused by excessive fertilization, while preventing insufficient nutrients from affecting crop growth and significantly improving fertilizer utilization.

[0032] 3. This invention utilizes a stirring mechanism to maintain uniform concentration and adjusts the angle of the atomizing nozzle via an electric actuator to achieve directional and precise spraying, ensuring consistent crop absorption, improving overall fertilization quality and crop growth consistency, and solving the problems of easy sedimentation and stratification of liquid fertilizers and fixed spraying range.

[0033] In summary, this invention achieves efficient, precise, and high-quality integrated fertilization by using an independent storage and conveying mechanism to adapt to multiple fertilizer forms, an intelligent control system to dynamically regulate fertilization parameters, and a stirring mechanism and adjustable nozzles to optimize liquid fertilizer application. This solves the problems of single-form adaptation, insufficient fertilization precision, and defects in liquid fertilizer processing in traditional devices. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 A perspective view of Embodiment 1 of an integrated intelligent fertilization device suitable for various forms of fertilizer provided by the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shown is a top view.

[0036] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The diagram shown is an upward-viewing image.

[0037] Figure 4 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the internal structure of the device.

[0038] Figure 5 for Figure 4 The diagram shows the structure of the first feeding mechanism.

[0039] Figure 6 for Figure 2 The diagram shows the structure of the second feeding mechanism;

[0040] Figure 7 for Figure 4 The diagram shows the structure of the stirring mechanism.

[0041] Figure 8 for Figure 4 The diagram shows the structure of the adjustment component.

[0042] Figure 9 for Figure 3 The diagram shows the structure of the third feeding mechanism;

[0043] Figure 10 This is a block diagram showing the connection relationship of the intelligent control system of an integrated intelligent fertilization device suitable for various forms of fertilizer provided by the present invention, in Embodiment 2.

[0044] Numbered in the diagram: 1. Trolley; 2. Fertilizer storage box; 3. Control panel; 4. Casters; 5. Power supply; 6. First motor; 7. Baffle plate; 8. First feeding port; 9. Second feeding port; 10. Guide platform; 11. Second motor; 12. Screw feeder; 13. Blower; 14. Water suction pipe; 15. Water pump; 16. Compressor; 17. First drain pipe; 18. Reinforced hose; 19. Adjustment box; 20. Electric actuator; 21. Atomizing nozzle; 22. Drain outlet; 23. Shaft; 24. Paddle; 25. Drive belt; 26. Fertilizer discharge port; 27. Throttle valve; 28. Solenoid valve; 29. ​​Third motor; 30. Worm gear; 31. Plow. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] The terminology used in this disclosure is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the disclosure. The singular forms “group,” “class,” and “the” as used in this disclosure and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used herein refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0047] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc., may be used in this disclosure to describe various information, such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are used only to distinguish information of the same type from one another. For example, without departing from the scope of this disclosure, first information may also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information. Depending on the context, the word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "when," "when," or "in response to determination."

[0048] Example 1

[0049] Please refer to the following: Figures 1-9 An integrated intelligent fertilization device suitable for various forms of fertilizer includes a trolley 1, a fertilizer storage box 2, an intelligent control system, a fertilizer conveying mechanism, and a fertilization execution mechanism. The fertilizer storage box 2 is installed on the top surface of the trolley 1, and its interior is divided into a first chamber for storing solid fertilizer and a second chamber for storing liquid fertilizer by a partition plate 7.

[0050] The fertilizer conveying mechanism is connected to the first chamber and the second chamber respectively, and is used to convey fertilizers of different forms to the fertilizer application execution mechanism. The fertilizer application execution mechanism is installed at the lower end of the trolley 1 and can realize the functions of solid fertilizer dispensing, liquid fertilizer spraying and fertilizer burying. The trolley 1 is equipped with universal wheels 4 at four ends of the bottom surface and a mobile power supply 5 at the rear end to supply power to the device.

[0051] The top of the fertilizer storage tank 2 is hinged with a first feeding port 8 that communicates with the first chamber and a second feeding port 9 that communicates with the second chamber. A guide platform 10 is installed at the bottom of the first chamber. The guide platform 10 is inclined and its lower end points to the feed end of the fertilizer conveying mechanism, which is used to guide the solid fertilizer to gather towards the feed end.

[0052] In this application, the fertilizer conveying mechanism includes a first feeding mechanism connected to a first chamber, a second feeding mechanism connected to a second chamber, and a third feeding mechanism for burying. The first feeding mechanism includes a second motor 11 installed inside the trolley 1, a screw feeder 12, and a blower 13 installed at the top of the first chamber. The screw feeder 12 has slots at both the top and bottom. The bottom slot communicates with the first chamber, and the top slot passes through the fertilizer storage box 2. The output end of the second motor 11 is connected to the screw feeder 12 via a coupling to drive the screw feeder 12 to convey solid fertilizer from the bottom slot to the top slot. The output end of the blower 13 communicates with the top slot and is used to blow solid fertilizer out of the slot to achieve precise dispensing.

[0053] In this application, the second feeding mechanism includes a water pump 14 installed in the second chamber, a water pump 15 installed at the top of the second chamber, a pressurizer 16, and a first drain pipe 17; one end of the water pump 14 is connected to the second chamber, and the other end is connected to the water pump 15; the output end of the water pump 15 is connected to the pressurizer 16, and the first drain pipe 17 is connected to both sides of the pressurizer 16; the other end of the first drain pipe 17 is connected to an adjustment component for adjusting the spraying range and angle of the liquid fertilizer.

[0054] In this application, the adjustment assembly includes a reinforced hose 18, an adjustment box 19, an electric actuator 20, and an atomizing nozzle 21. One end of the reinforced hose 18 is connected to the first drain pipe 17, and the other end is connected to the drain outlet 22 inside the adjustment box 19. The adjustment box 19 is hinged to both sides of the fertilizer storage box 2, and multiple atomizing nozzles 21 are installed on the front end face through an mounting plate. The other end of the atomizing nozzle 21 is inserted into the drain outlet 22, and a sealing ring is provided at the connection. Two electric actuators 20 are hinged to both sides of the fertilizer storage box 2. The telescopic end of the electric actuator 20 is hinged to the bottom surface of the adjustment box 19 and is used to drive the adjustment box 19 to rotate and adjust the spray angle of the atomizing nozzle 21.

[0055] In this application, a stirring mechanism is installed inside the second chamber. The stirring mechanism includes a first motor 6 installed on the top surface of the trolley 1, a rotating shaft 23 rotatably installed in the second chamber, and two sets of blades 24 fixed on the rotating shaft 23. A transmission wheel is installed at the output end of the first motor 6 and at one end of the rotating shaft 23. A transmission belt 25 is sleeved on the outside of the two transmission wheels. The first motor 6 drives the rotating shaft 23 to rotate through the transmission belt 25, so that the blades 24 stir the liquid fertilizer and prevent nutrients from settling.

[0056] In this application, the third feeding mechanism includes a third motor 29 installed on one side of the cart 1, a plow 31 installed at the lower end of the cart 1, a throttle valve 27 installed on the bottom surface of the cart 1, and two second drainage pipes. A worm gear is installed at the output end of the third motor 29 via a coupling. A worm wheel 30 is meshed on one side of the worm gear. A lead screw is installed at the center of the worm wheel 30. The plow 31 is threaded to the lower end of the lead screw. The third motor 29 drives the plow 31 to rise and fall through the worm gear, worm wheel 30, and lead screw to adjust the soil penetration depth. One end of each of the two second drainage pipes is connected to the first chamber and the second chamber, respectively, and the other end is connected to the throttle valve 27. A solenoid valve 28 is installed on the pipes to control the opening and closing of the pipes. A fertilizer discharge port 26 is connected to one side of the throttle valve 27 to discharge fertilizer into the soil after the plow 31 has turned over it.

[0057] Example 2

[0058] Please refer to the following: Figure 10 As shown, based on Embodiment 1 of this application, an integrated intelligent fertilization device suitable for various forms of fertilizer is provided. Embodiment 2 of this application proposes another integrated intelligent fertilization device suitable for various forms of fertilizer. Embodiment 2 is merely a preferred embodiment of Embodiment 1, and the implementation of Embodiment 2 will not affect the individual implementation of Embodiment 1.

[0059] Specifically, the difference between Embodiment 2 of this application and the integrated intelligent fertilization device suitable for various forms of fertilizer is that:

[0060] The intelligent control system is electrically connected to the control panel 3, the mobile power supply 5, and each feeding mechanism and mixing mechanism. After receiving and analyzing sensor signals, it outputs control commands to realize intelligent regulation of solid fertilizer application, liquid fertilizer spraying and fertilizer burial. It dynamically adjusts fertilization parameters based on soil conditions, fertilizer form and crop needs.

[0061] The intelligent control system includes a sensing unit, a data processing unit, a judgment unit, an adjustment unit, and a drive control unit;

[0062] The sensing unit is used to receive sensing information from a preset sensor group; the sensor group includes a material level sensor, a soil sensor, a flow sensor and an angle / depth sensor. The sensing information includes fertilizer balance, soil parameters, fertilizer delivery flow rate, spraying angle of the atomizing nozzle 21 and penetration depth of the plow body 31. The soil parameters include nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content in the soil, as well as soil moisture and pH value.

[0063] The data processing unit includes a preprocessing unit and a feature extraction unit. The preprocessing unit is used to receive and preprocess sensor information. Preprocessing includes data classification and storage, outlier filtering, data standardization, and data integration. The data classification and storage classifies the received sensor information by type, records the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content in the soil, as well as soil moisture and pH value, as soil condition parameters, the particle size and moisture content of solid fertilizers and the concentration and viscosity of liquid fertilizers as fertilizer form parameters, and the crop variety, growth stage, plant height, and leaf area index as crop requirement parameters.

[0064] The feature extraction unit is used to extract features from the preprocessed sensor information to obtain key feature parameters that characterize fertilization requirements; key feature parameters include soil characteristics, fertilizer morphology characteristics, and crop requirement characteristics.

[0065] The feature extraction unit specifically includes a soil extraction unit, a nutrient extraction unit, a crop requirement extraction unit, and a temporal feature fusion unit;

[0066] Soil extraction unit:

[0067] Establish a database of nutrient requirements for crops, including the soil nutrient requirements of several crops at different growth stages;

[0068] The actual types of crops planted in the area to be fertilized and their current growth stage (which can be obtained through the crop recognition module on the device or by manual input) are recorded as the nutrient requirements of the crops.

[0069] Match the crop nutrient requirements with the corresponding soil parameter requirement set from the crop nutrient requirement database;

[0070] Obtain the set of soil condition parameters within the preset device operating time range (specifically, the time range between device startup and the current moment); calculate the difference between each parameter in the soil condition parameter set and the corresponding parameter in the nutrient requirements of the planted crop to obtain the nutrient deviation value; record the nutrient deviation values ​​of all parameters as the soil nutrient deviation set, and record it as the soil feature output;

[0071] Nutrient extraction unit:

[0072] For solid fertilizers, obtain the particle size and moisture content W, and calculate the particle uniformity. (That is, the difference between the largest and smallest particle size in solid fertilizer divided by the average particle size), to determine particle uniformity. Moisture content W is used as a morphological characteristic of solid fertilizers;

[0073] For liquid fertilizers, the concentration of the liquid fertilizer is obtained. and viscosity Calculate the concentration deviation of liquid fertilizer (That is, the difference between the actual concentration of the liquid fertilizer and the standard concentration of the fertilizer suitable for the current crop growth stage), the formula is: Concentration deviation and viscosity As a morphological characteristic of liquid fertilizer;

[0074] Integrate the morphological characteristics of solid or liquid fertilizers to form a fertilizer morphological characteristic output; if it is solid, output... If it is liquid, then output ;

[0075] Crop Demand Extraction Unit:

[0076] Obtain the crop variety, growth stage, plant height, and leaf area index of the area to be fertilized;

[0077] Calculate crop growth state coefficient The formula is ;in, , These are the standard plant height and current plant height for the corresponding growth stage, respectively. , These are the standard leaf area index and the current leaf area index for the corresponding growth stage, respectively; a1 and a2 are the correlation coefficients of plant height and leaf area index, respectively.

[0078] By combining crop variety, growth stage, growth state coefficient, and available soil nutrients, a multi-factor coupled nutrient uptake rate model is constructed, with the following formula: ;in This represents the daily nutrient uptake rate of the crop, and k represents the baseline uptake coefficient fitted in the field trial, which is specifically set according to the crop variety and growth stage. This indicates the amount of available nutrients in the soil that can be directly absorbed by crops. This indicates the soil's nutrient saturation capacity, and T represents the average temperature of the day. , This indicates the basic temperature and suitable temperature for crop growth.

[0079] Crop growth state coefficient and nutrient absorption rate Output as crop demand characteristics;

[0080] The temporal feature fusion unit is used to fuse the extracted features within the preset device runtime area, specifically as follows:

[0081] Set a preset operating time zone for the device, and collect soil characteristics ΔS output by the soil extraction unit and fertilizer form characteristics (solid) output by the fertilizer form extraction unit within that time zone. or liquid (and the crop demand characteristics output by the crop demand extraction unit) Multiple sets of sampled data;

[0082] A sliding window fusion method is used to perform weighted averaging fusion of multiple sets of feature data within a time zone for a preset window duration to obtain the fused soil feature value. Fertilizer morphology characteristics fusion value Crop demand characteristics fusion value ;

[0083] The formula for calculating the soil characteristic fusion value is as follows: The formula for calculating the fusion value of fertilizer morphology characteristics, if it is solid. If it is liquid The formula for calculating the fusion value of crop demand characteristics is as follows: Where i represents the preset window duration number in the preset device runtime area, and m represents the number of preset window durations within the preset device runtime area. , , These represent the weights corresponding to soil characteristics, fertilizer form characteristics, and crop requirement characteristics, respectively.

[0084] The fusion result The key characteristic parameter representing fertilization demand is output to the judgment unit;

[0085] The judgment unit receives key feature parameters output by the feature extraction unit, compares them with preset fertilization adaptation standards, determines the type of fertilization parameter that needs adjustment, and generates an adjustment request signal.

[0086] Pre-set the normal fluctuation ranges for each key characteristic parameter, including the normal range of deviations in nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content in the soil, the normal range of deviations in soil moisture, the normal range of deviations in pH value, the normal range of uniformity of solid fertilizer particles, the normal range of deviations in concentration and viscosity of liquid fertilizer, the normal range of crop growth state coefficient, and the normal range of nutrient absorption rate.

[0087] Key feature parameters output by the feature extraction unit The key feature parameters output by the feature extraction unit are compared one by one with the preset normal fluctuation range to determine whether each parameter exceeds the normal range.

[0088] Based on the comparison results, determine the fertilization parameters that need to be adjusted:

[0089] If the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content in the soil deviates beyond the normal range, the corresponding nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizer application rates need to be adjusted.

[0090] If the uniformity of solid fertilizer particles or the viscosity of liquid fertilizer exceeds the normal range, it indicates that the fertilizer delivery speed needs to be adjusted; if the concentration deviation of liquid fertilizer exceeds the normal range, it indicates that the fertilizer concentration ratio needs to be adjusted.

[0091] If the crop growth status coefficient is below the lower limit of the normal range, it indicates that the fertilization frequency needs to be adjusted; if the crop nutrient absorption rate is above the upper limit of the normal range, it indicates that the fertilization depth needs to be adjusted.

[0092] Integrate all marked fertilization parameters that need adjustment, and generate corresponding adjustment signal outputs to the adjustment unit;

[0093] The adjustment unit, based on the adjustment request signal output by the judgment unit and combined with the range of device operating parameters, calculates the specific adjustment value of each fertilization parameter and generates the corresponding compensation instruction:

[0094] For fertilizer application adjustments that need to be made, taking nitrogen fertilizer adjustment as an example, the adjustment should be based on the deviation value of nitrogen content in the soil. Based on the crop's nitrogen nutrient absorption characteristics, the specific amount of fertilizer that needs to be supplemented or reduced is calculated using the following formula: ,in Where h is the soil bulk density and h is the fertilization depth. Use the unit conversion factor; and so on, to obtain the specific values ​​of fertilizer application for each parameter in the soil;

[0095] For fertilizer conveying speed adjustments, the adjustment values ​​for motor speed or water pump flow rate are calculated based on the uniformity of solid fertilizer particles or the viscosity deviation of liquid fertilizer.

[0096] Taking solid fertilizer as an example, based on the particle uniformity deviation of solid fertilizer , This is expressed as the target uniformity; the motor speed adjustment value is calculated. The formula is ,in This is the speed adjustment coefficient. This corresponds to the rotational speed of the second motor 11 in the first feeding mechanism;

[0097] For liquid fertilizers, based on viscosity deviation , Calculate the flow adjustment value for pump 15 to achieve the target viscosity. The formula is ,in For flow adjustment coefficient, This corresponds to the flow rate of water pump 15 in the second feeding mechanism;

[0098] For fertilizer concentration ratios that need adjustment, the deviation value of the liquid fertilizer concentration should be considered. Calculate the amount of water or fertilizer concentrate that needs to be added:

[0099] like >0 indicates the concentration is too high and water needs to be added. ;

[0100] like <0 indicates that the concentration is too low and the required amount of stock solution needs to be added. ;

[0101] in This represents the current volume of the mixed liquid fertilizer. This is the standard concentration.

[0102] For fertilization frequencies that need adjustment, the deviation should be based on the crop growth state coefficient. Calculate the adjustment value for the fertilization interval using the formula: ,in This is the frequency adjustment factor. This is the current fertilization interval;

[0103] For fertilization depths that need adjustment, the deviation in crop nutrient absorption rate should be considered. The adjustment value for the depth of the plow body into the soil was calculated using the following formula: ;in This is the depth adjustment factor. This is the current burial depth;

[0104] The calculated adjustment values ​​of the fertilization parameters are verified, the preset physical operating limit range of the fertilization execution component is identified, and the adjustment values ​​of the fertilization parameters are compared with the current status value of the fertilization execution component and the preset physical operating limit range. If the preset physical operating limit range is exceeded, the limit value allowed by the equipment is selected as the final adjustment value.

[0105] The verified fertilizer parameter adjustment values ​​are integrated into a compensation command and output to the drive control unit.

[0106] The drive control unit receives compensation commands from the adjustment unit, converts them into control signals for the corresponding actuators, and drives the fertilization actuators to adjust parameters. Closed-loop control is achieved through real-time data feedback from the sensing unit. Specifically:

[0107] Receive compensation instructions output by the adjustment unit, and parse the fertilization parameters that need to be adjusted and the corresponding specific adjustment values ​​in the instructions;

[0108] Based on the analysis results, a control signal is sent to the corresponding actuator:

[0109] Based on the analysis results, control signals are sent to the corresponding actuators: for adjustments to fertilizer application rate and delivery speed, signals are sent to relevant motors (such as the second motor 11 and the water pump 15 motor) to adjust the speed or power; for adjustments to concentration ratio, signals are sent to corresponding valves (such as the clear water valve and the original liquid valve) to change the opening degree; for adjustments to fertilizer application frequency, signals are sent to the module controlling the operating time of the control device to modify the working interval; for adjustments to fertilizer application depth, signals are sent to the motor controlling the lifting and lowering of the plow 31 to adjust the rotation angle.

[0110] It receives information from the sensing unit in real time to monitor the operating status of each actuator and the actual values ​​of the adjusted fertilization parameters;

[0111] The actual value of the fertilization parameter is compared with the adjustment target value. If the deviation between the actual value of the fertilization parameter and the adjustment target value is within the preset adjustment allowable range, the adjustment is determined to be complete. If the deviation between the actual value of the fertilization parameter and the adjustment target value exceeds the allowable range, the control signal is sent again for correction until the deviation meets the requirements.

[0112] Other embodiments of the invention will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention that follow the general principles of the invention and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of the invention are indicated by the following claims.

[0113] It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the precise structure described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of the invention is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An integrated intelligent fertilization device suitable for various forms of fertilizer, comprising a trolley (1), a fertilizer storage box (2), an intelligent control system, a fertilizer conveying mechanism, and a fertilization execution mechanism, characterized in that, The fertilizer storage box (2) is installed on the top surface of the trolley (1), and its interior is divided into a first chamber for storing solid fertilizer and a second chamber for storing liquid fertilizer by a partition plate (7); The fertilizer conveying mechanism includes a first feeding mechanism connected to the first chamber, a second feeding mechanism connected to the second chamber, and a third feeding mechanism for burying. The first feeding mechanism includes a second motor (11) installed inside the trolley (1), a screw feeder (12), and a blower (13) installed at the top of the first chamber. The screw feeder (12) has slots at both the top and bottom. The bottom slot is connected to the first chamber, and the top slot passes through the fertilizer storage box (2). The output end of the second motor (11) is connected to the screw feeder (12) through a coupling to drive the screw feeder (12) to convey solid fertilizer from the bottom slot to the top slot. The output end of the blower (13) is connected to the top slot. The third feeding mechanism includes a third motor (29) installed on one side of the trolley (1), a plow (31) installed at the lower end of the trolley (1), a throttle valve (27) installed on the bottom surface of the trolley (1), and two second drain pipes; the output end of the third motor (29) is equipped with a worm gear through a coupling, a worm wheel (30) meshes with one side of the worm gear, a lead screw is installed at the center of the worm wheel (30), and the plow (31) is threaded to the lower end of the lead screw; one end of the two second drain pipes is connected to the first chamber and the second chamber respectively, and the other end is connected to the throttle valve (27), and a solenoid valve (28) is installed on the pipes; a fertilizer outlet (26) is connected to one side of the throttle valve (27); The intelligent control system is electrically connected to the control panel (3), the mobile power supply (5), and each feeding mechanism and stirring mechanism. After receiving and analyzing sensor signals, it outputs control commands and dynamically adjusts fertilization parameters based on soil conditions, fertilizer form and crop requirements. The fertilizer conveying mechanism is connected to the first chamber and the second chamber respectively. The fertilization execution mechanism is installed at the lower end of the trolley (1).

2. The integrated intelligent fertilization device suitable for various forms of fertilizer as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent control system includes a sensing unit, a data processing unit, a judgment unit, an adjustment unit, and a drive control unit; The sensing unit is used to receive sensing information from a preset sensor group; The data processing unit includes a preprocessing unit and a feature extraction unit; The preprocessing unit is used to receive sensor information and perform preprocessing; the preprocessing includes data classification and storage, outlier filtering, data standardization and data integration. The data classification and storage categorizes the received sensor information by type, dividing it into soil condition parameters, fertilizer form parameters, and crop requirement parameters; The feature extraction unit is used to extract features from the preprocessed sensor information to obtain key feature parameters that characterize fertilization requirements. Key characteristic parameters include soil characteristics, fertilizer form characteristics, and crop requirements characteristics; The judgment unit receives the key feature parameters output by the feature extraction unit, compares them with the preset fertilization adaptation standard, determines the type of fertilization parameter that needs to be adjusted, and generates an adjustment request signal. The adjustment unit, based on the adjustment demand signal output by the judgment unit and combined with the range of device operating parameters, calculates the specific adjustment value of each fertilization parameter and forms the corresponding compensation instruction. The drive control unit receives the compensation command output by the adjustment unit, converts it into control signals for the corresponding actuator, drives the fertilization actuator of the drive device to complete parameter adjustment, and achieves closed-loop control through real-time data feedback from the sensing unit.

3. The integrated intelligent fertilization device suitable for various forms of fertilizer as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the fertilizer storage box (2) is hinged with a first feeding port (8) communicating with the first chamber and a second feeding port (9) communicating with the second chamber. A guide platform (10) is installed at the bottom of the first chamber. The guide platform (10) is inclined and its lower end points to the feeding end of the fertilizer conveying mechanism.

4. The integrated intelligent fertilizer application device suitable for various forms of fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second feeding mechanism includes a water pump (14) installed in the second chamber, a water pump (15) installed at the top of the second chamber, a pressurizer (16) and a first drain pipe (17); one end of the water pump (14) is connected to the second chamber and the other end is connected to the water pump (15); the output end of the water pump (15) is connected to the pressurizer (16), and the first drain pipe (17) is connected to both sides of the pressurizer (16); the other end of the first drain pipe (17) is connected to an adjustment component.

5. The integrated intelligent fertilization device suitable for various forms of fertilizer as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The adjustment assembly includes a reinforced hose (18), an adjustment box (19), an electric actuator (20), and an atomizing nozzle (21). One end of the reinforced hose (18) is connected to the first drain pipe (17), and the other end is connected to the drain outlet (22) inside the adjustment box (19). The adjustment box (19) is hinged to both sides of the fertilizer storage box (2), and multiple atomizing nozzles (21) are installed on the front end face through the mounting plate. The other end of the atomizing nozzle (21) is inserted into the drain outlet (22), and a sealing ring is provided at the connection. Two electric actuators (20) are hinged to both sides of the fertilizer storage box (2), and the telescopic end of the electric actuator (20) is hinged to the bottom surface of the adjustment box (19).

6. The integrated intelligent fertilization device suitable for various forms of fertilizer as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The second chamber is equipped with a stirring mechanism, which includes a first motor (6) installed on the top surface of the trolley (1), a rotating shaft (23) rotatably installed in the second chamber, and two sets of blades (24) fixed on the rotating shaft (23). The output end of the first motor (6) and one end of the rotating shaft (23) are both equipped with transmission wheels, and transmission belts (25) are sleeved on the outside of the two transmission wheels.

7. The integrated smart fertilizer applicator suitable for various forms of fertilizers of claim 2, wherein, The feature extraction unit specifically includes a soil extraction unit, a nutrient extraction unit, a crop requirement extraction unit, and a temporal feature fusion unit; The soil extraction unit acquires crop information for the area to be fertilized, matches the corresponding soil parameter requirements, combines soil monitoring data from the device's operating area, calculates the soil nutrient deviation set, and outputs soil characteristics. The nutrient extraction unit distinguishes between solid and liquid fertilizer forms, extracts particle uniformity, moisture content or concentration deviation, and viscosity, and outputs fertilizer morphology characteristics. The crop demand extraction unit collects crop variety, growth stage, plant height, and leaf area index, calculates growth status coefficient, and estimates nutrient absorption rate by combining crop variety, growth stage, growth status coefficient, and available soil nutrients, and outputs crop demand characteristics. The temporal feature fusion unit delineates the device's operating area, slides through and collects multiple sets of feature data according to a preset window duration, and fuses soil features, fertilizer morphology features, and crop demand features respectively through a weighted average algorithm to generate soil feature fusion value, fertilizer morphology feature fusion value, and crop demand feature fusion value. The fused key feature vectors are used as parameters representing fertilization demand and output to the judgment unit.

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