Method for measuring alveolar bone of missing tooth

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for measuring an alveolar bone of a missing tooth, which comprises the following steps of: a, controlling a sagittal axis to coincide with a central connecting line of cross sections of two adjacent teeth of the missing tooth on an axial plane, controlling a vertical axis to coincide with a connecting line of adjacent glaze cementum boundaries of the adjacent teeth on a sagittal plane, and controlling the sagittal axis to coincide with a tooth long axis of the adjacent teeth on a coronal plane, the coronal axis is controlled to coincide with the perpendicular line of the midpoint of the connecting line of the glaze cementum boundary of the adjacent tooth on the axial surface or the sagittal surface, the obtained coronal plane is determined as a measuring plane, and the sagittal axis, the perpendicular axis and the coronal axis are always kept in a mutually perpendicular state; and b, obtaining the width and height of the alveolar ridge of the missing tooth based on the measurement plane in the step a. The method for measuring the alveolar bone of the missing tooth has the advantages of being accurate in fixed point, small in measurement result difference, good in stability and high in repeatability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of oral medical technology, and more specifically, to a method for measuring alveolar bone in cases of missing teeth. Background Technology

[0002] Alveolar bone, also known as the alveolar process or alveolar ridge, is a specialized bony structure in the maxilla and mandible that surrounds and supports the roots of teeth. It is primarily composed of cortical bone, cancellous bone, and alveolar bone proper. The alveolar bone proper, located adjacent to the tooth root and periodontal ligament, has a porous, compact bone structure that accommodates the tooth root. When teeth are lost, the alveolar bone that originally supported the teeth gradually loses its functional requirements due to the lack of physiological occlusal stimulation, leading to bone resorption and atrophy. This resorption is gradual and usually irreversible. Therefore, alveolar bone measurement in cases of missing teeth is of great significance in the field of oral medicine.

[0003] Existing alveolar bone measurement techniques suffer from insufficient positioning accuracy and poor repeatability. Significant deviations exist in point and plane positioning, and the measurement plane is difficult to maintain consistency, leading to a high error rate in the measurement results. Furthermore, current techniques can only assess alveolar bone height but cannot accurately measure its width. Since it is difficult to ensure that each measurement is performed on the same plane, the accuracy and reliability of alveolar bone height measurement are severely affected. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present disclosure provides a method for measuring alveolar bone in cases of missing teeth, in order to address the technical deficiencies existing in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present disclosure adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] This disclosure provides a method for measuring alveolar bone in cases of missing teeth, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Step a: Control the sagittal axis to coincide with the line connecting the centers of the cross sections of the two adjacent teeth of the missing tooth in the axial plane; control the vertical axis to coincide with the line connecting the cementoenamel junction of the adjacent teeth in the sagittal plane; control the sagittal axis to coincide with the long axis of the adjacent teeth in the coronal plane; control the coronal axis to coincide with the perpendicular line from the midpoint of the line connecting the cementoenamel junction of the adjacent teeth in the axial or sagittal plane. The resulting coronal plane is determined as the measurement plane, wherein the sagittal axis, the vertical axis, and the coronal axis are always kept perpendicular to each other.

[0008] Step b: Obtain the width and height of the alveolar ridge of the missing tooth based on the measurement plane described in step a.

[0009] In one embodiment of the present invention, the buccal-lingual width of the alveolar ridge of the missing tooth is obtained with the plane containing the vertical axis as the boundary, and the buccal-lingual width is determined as the width of the alveolar ridge of the missing tooth.

[0010] In one embodiment of the present invention, taking the plane where the vertical axis is located as the boundary, the buccal and lingual widths of the alveolar ridges at distances of 2 mm, 4 mm, 6 mm, and 8 mm from the plane are obtained respectively. The average value of the buccal and lingual widths of the alveolar ridges at 2 mm, 4 mm, 6 mm, and 8 mm is calculated, and the average value of the buccal and lingual widths is determined as the width of the alveolar ridge of the missing tooth.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, the height of the lingual alveolar ridge and the height of the buccal alveolar ridge of the missing tooth are obtained respectively.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present invention, if the missing tooth is a lower tooth, the height of the lingual alveolar ridge is the length of the vertical line from the crest of the lingual alveolar ridge to the upper edge of the mandibular canal, and the height of the buccal alveolar ridge is the length of the vertical line from the crest of the buccal alveolar ridge to the upper edge of the mandibular canal, wherein the plane containing the upper edge of the mandibular canal is parallel to the axial plane.

[0013] If the missing tooth is an upper tooth, the height of the lingual alveolar ridge is the length of the vertical line from the top of the lingual alveolar ridge to the nasal floor or the floor of the maxillary sinus, and the height of the buccal alveolar ridge is the length of the vertical line from the top of the buccal alveolar ridge to the nasal floor or the floor of the maxillary sinus, wherein the plane containing the floor of the maxillary sinus is parallel to the axial plane.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present invention, the method for measuring the alveolar bone of the missing tooth further includes:

[0015] The thickness of the alveolar bone at different sites of the missing tooth is obtained and the average value is calculated. The average value of the thickness at different sites is determined as the average thickness of the alveolar bone of the missing tooth. The average thickness of the alveolar bone of the missing tooth includes the thickness of the alveolar bone of the undisturbed tooth and the thickness of the implant at the site of the missing tooth.

[0016] In one embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the alveolar bone of the missing tooth at the same location at different times is obtained, and the thickness difference of the alveolar bone of the missing tooth at the same location at different times is calculated. The average value of the thickness difference of the alveolar bone of the missing tooth at different locations is determined as the average thickness of the alveolar bone of the missing tooth.

[0017] In one embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the alveolar bone of the missing tooth at different sites is the distance from the labial edge of the implant to the outer edge of the labial bone plate on a vertical line, wherein the vertical line is a straight line perpendicular to the long axis of the implant at different sites of the alveolar bone of the missing tooth.

[0018] In one embodiment of the present invention, the method for measuring the alveolar bone of the missing tooth further includes: obtaining the density of the alveolar bone and the fusion status of bone powder with the alveolar bone.

[0019] In one embodiment of the present invention, the height of the lingual alveolar ridge and the height of the buccal alveolar ridge of the missing tooth are obtained respectively. After step b, the method further includes a step of determining the reduction value of alveolar bone height and a step of determining the reduction value of alveolar bone width, wherein:

[0020] The steps to determine the reduction in alveolar bone height include:

[0021] The initial buccal height, final buccal height, initial lingual height, and final lingual height of the alveolar bone of the missing tooth were obtained at predetermined time intervals.

[0022] The reduction in alveolar bone height is determined using the following formula: (Initial buccal height - Final buccal height) + (Initial lingual height - Final lingual height) / 2;

[0023] The steps to determine the reduction in alveolar bone width include:

[0024] Acquire the following widths of alveolar bone for missing teeth at predetermined time intervals: initial 2mm width, final 2mm width, initial 4mm width, final 4mm width, initial 6mm width, final 6mm width, initial 8mm width, and final 8mm width.

[0025] The reduction in alveolar bone width is determined by the following formula: [(Initial 2mm width - Final 2mm width) + (Initial 4mm width - Final 4mm width) + (Initial 6mm width - Final 6mm width) + (Initial 8mm width - Final 8mm width)] / 4.

[0026] The alveolar bone measurement method for missing teeth provided in this disclosure determines the measurement plane by adjusting the positional relationship between the sagittal axis, coronal axis, and vertical axis and adjacent teeth in the sagittal, coronal, and axial planes. Based on the measurement plane, the height and width of the alveolar bone of the missing tooth are obtained. This method has the advantages of accurate positioning, small difference in measurement results, good stability, and high repeatability.

[0027] Other features and advantages of the invention will become clear from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0028] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with their description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for measuring alveolar bone in cases of missing teeth, provided in one embodiment of this disclosure;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a reference axial view of a method for measuring alveolar bone of missing teeth provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a reference sagittal view of a method for measuring alveolar bone in cases of missing teeth, provided in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0032] Figure 4 This is a reference coronal view of a method for measuring alveolar bone in cases of missing teeth, provided in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0033] Figure 5 This is an axial view of the measurement plane of a method for measuring alveolar bone of missing teeth provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a sagittal view of the measurement plane of a method for measuring alveolar bone of missing teeth provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a coronal view of the measurement plane of a method for measuring alveolar bone in cases of missing teeth, provided in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0036] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the alveolar bone width in a method for measuring alveolar bone of missing teeth provided in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0037] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the height of the lower alveolar bone in a method for measuring alveolar bone in cases of missing teeth, provided in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0038] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the height of the upper alveolar bone in a method for measuring alveolar bone in cases of missing teeth, provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To make the inventive objectives, technical solutions, and beneficial technical effects of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with specific embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments described in this specification are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0040] For simplicity, this paper only explicitly discloses some numerical ranges. However, any lower limit can be combined with any upper limit to form an unspecified range; and any lower limit can be combined with other lower limits to form an unspecified range, just as any upper limit can be combined with any other upper limit to form an unspecified range. Furthermore, although not explicitly stated, every point or individual value between the endpoints of a range is included within that range. Therefore, each point or individual value can serve as its own lower or upper limit and be combined with any other point or individual value, or with other lower or upper limits, to form an unspecified range.

[0041] In the description of this article, it should be noted that, unless otherwise stated, "above" and "below" include the number itself, and "several" in "one or more" means two or more.

[0042] The foregoing description of this invention is not intended to describe every disclosed embodiment or implementation. Instead, the following description provides more specific examples of exemplary embodiments. Throughout the application, guidance is provided through a series of embodiments that can be used in various combinations. The examples listed are merely representative and should not be construed as exhaustive.

[0043] First, the terms and concepts used in one or more embodiments of this specification will be explained.

[0044] Sagittal plane: The sagittal plane divides the human body into left and right parts. The left and right sections are called sagittal planes, and the sections that are equal on the left and right are called the midsagittal plane.

[0045] Coronal plane: The coronal plane is a cross-section that longitudinally divides the human body into front and back parts along the left and right directions.

[0046] Axial plane: It is a horizontal cross-section made along the head-to-toe direction of the human body, dividing the human body into upper and lower parts.

[0047] The sagittal axis: In anatomy, the sagittal axis is a fundamental anatomical axis. It is an imaginary axis running parallel to the ground from the ventral (anterior) to the dorsal (posterior) side of the body. Specifically, the sagittal axis divides the body into two equal or asymmetrical parts along its longitudinal direction.

[0048] The coronal axis is one of the three basic axes used in anatomy to describe the orientation of the human body. It runs horizontally, parallel to the ground, and perpendicular to the sagittal plane. In other words, the coronal axis is an imaginary axis that runs horizontally through the body from the side, dividing it into anterior and posterior parts.

[0049] Vertical axis: In anatomy, the vertical axis is an imaginary axis that extends vertically, parallel to the body's long axis, and is perpendicular to the ground in the standard human posture (i.e., the body is upright, eyes looking straight ahead, arms hanging down, palms facing forward, toes pointing forward). The vertical axis is used to describe and locate the positional relationship of body structures in the head-to-foot direction. It is perpendicular to the sagittal axis (anteroposterior direction) and the coronal axis (lateral direction), together forming the three-dimensional coordinate system in anatomy that describes the position of human structures.

[0050] Cementoenamel junction: The cementoenamel junction is the boundary between the enamel and cementum at the neck of the tooth. On the tooth structure, it is a line that surrounds the neck of the tooth.

[0051] Alveolar bone: The alveolar bone refers to the area where the tooth roots are embedded at the lower border of the maxilla and the upper border of the mandible. The alveolar process of the maxilla and mandible is composed of cortical bone, cancellous bone, and proper alveolar bone.

[0052] Alveolar ridge: The alveolar ridge is the free edge of the alveolar socket. The alveolar socket is the alveolar bone portion that houses the tooth root. When a tooth is lost or missing, a bony prominence forms where the tooth once was; the edge of this prominence is called the alveolar ridge.

[0053] Buccal-lingual width: In oral anatomy, especially when it comes to teeth and their restorations, buccal-lingual width is a measurement of the width of a tooth from the buccal side (the side facing the cheek) to the lingual side (the side facing the tongue). Simply put, it is the lateral dimension of a tooth, that is, the straight-line distance between the outermost buccal surface of the tooth and the corresponding inner lingual surface.

[0054] Mandibular canal: A bony canal located within the mandible, running from the mandibular foramen to the mental foramen, containing the inferior alveolar artery, vein, and nerve.

[0055] Maxillary sinus: The maxillary sinus is a cone-shaped cavity within the maxilla. The sinus wall is bony, mostly composed of a thin compact bone plate, with some cancellous bone inside, and the thinnest part contains only compact bone. The sinus wall is directly covered by mucosa. The blood vessels and nerves that innervate the teeth and periodontal tissues pass through the alveolar canal within the bone or under the mucosa.

[0056] Labial bone plate: The labial bone plate refers to the bony plate of the alveolar bone facing the lips, especially in the anterior region of the upper and lower jaws.

[0057] This disclosure provides a method for measuring alveolar bone in a missing tooth, comprising the following steps: Step a: controlling the sagittal axis to coincide with the line connecting the centers of the cross-sections of the two adjacent teeth of the missing tooth in the axial plane, controlling the vertical axis to coincide with the line connecting the cementoenamel junction of the adjacent teeth in the sagittal plane, controlling the sagittal axis to coincide with the long axis of the adjacent teeth in the coronal plane, and controlling the coronal axis to coincide with the perpendicular line from the midpoint of the line connecting the cementoenamel junction of the adjacent teeth in the axial or sagittal plane, the resulting coronal plane is determined as the measurement plane, wherein the sagittal axis, vertical axis and coronal axis are always kept perpendicular to each other; Step b: obtaining the width and height of the alveolar ridge of the missing tooth based on the measurement plane in step a.

[0058] The alveolar bone measurement method for missing teeth provided in this disclosure determines the measurement plane by adjusting the positional relationship between the sagittal axis, coronal axis, and vertical axis and adjacent teeth in the sagittal, coronal, and axial planes. Based on the measurement plane, the height and width of the alveolar bone of the missing tooth are obtained. This method has the advantages of accurate positioning, small difference in measurement results, good stability, and high repeatability.

[0059] like Figure 1 As shown, this disclosure provides a method for measuring alveolar bone in cases of missing teeth, comprising the following steps:

[0060] Step a: Control the sagittal axis to coincide with the line connecting the centers of the cross sections of the two adjacent teeth of the missing tooth in the axial plane; control the vertical axis to coincide with the line connecting the cementoenamel junction of the adjacent teeth in the sagittal plane; control the sagittal axis to coincide with the long axis of the adjacent teeth in the coronal plane; control the coronal axis to coincide with the perpendicular line from the midpoint of the line connecting the cementoenamel junction of the adjacent teeth in the axial or sagittal plane. The resulting coronal plane is determined as the measurement plane, in which the sagittal axis, vertical axis, and coronal axis are always kept perpendicular to each other.

[0061] First, such as Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 In this context, the x-axis and y-axis represent the sagittal and coronal axes, respectively. On the axial plane, the sagittal axis is controlled to coincide with the line connecting the centers of the cross-sections of the two adjacent teeth of the missing tooth. Secondly, as... Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 In this context, the z-axis represents the vertical axis, which controls the alignment of the vertical axis with the cementoenamel junction of adjacent teeth in the sagittal plane. Then, as... Figure 4 As shown, the sagittal axis is controlled to coincide with the long axis of the adjacent tooth in the coronal plane. Finally, as... Figures 5 to 6 As shown, the perpendicular line controlling the coronal axis to the midpoint of the line connecting the cementoenamel junction of the adjacent tooth is aligned with the axis in the axial or sagittal plane. Finally, as... Figure 7 As shown, via Figures 2-6 Control over the sagittal, coronal, and vertical axes ultimately yields results such as Figure 7The coronal plane shown is used as the measurement plane. Furthermore, the sagittal axis, vertical axis, and coronal axis remain perpendicular to each other throughout the movement. The measurement plane, determined by adjusting the positional relationships between the sagittal axis, coronal axis, and vertical axis and adjacent teeth on the sagittal, coronal, and axial planes, offers advantages such as accurate positioning, good stability, and high repeatability.

[0062] Step b: Obtain the width and height of the alveolar ridge of the missing tooth based on the measurement plane in step a.

[0063] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the buccal-lingual width of the alveolar ridge of the missing tooth is obtained with the plane containing the vertical axis as the boundary, and the buccal-lingual width is determined as the width of the alveolar ridge of the missing tooth.

[0064] Specifically, the alveolar ridge is the portion of alveolar bone where the original tooth root was located. After tooth loss, this area forms the basic structure to support future dentures or implants. The buccal-lingual width, specifically, refers to the straight-line distance between the buccal and lingual points of the alveolar ridge. In this embodiment, "buccal" refers to the side facing the cheek, while "lingual" refers to the side facing the tongue. This width helps determine whether the alveolar ridge has sufficient bone volume to support implant placement.

[0065] like Figure 8 As shown, in one embodiment of this disclosure, the buccal-lingual width of the alveolar ridge at distances of 2mm, 4mm, 6mm, and 8mm from the vertical axis is obtained as the boundary. The average value of the buccal-lingual width of the alveolar ridge at 2mm, 4mm, 6mm, and 8mm is calculated, and the average value of the buccal-lingual width is determined as the width of the alveolar ridge of the missing tooth.

[0066] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the height of the lingual alveolar ridge and the height of the buccal alveolar ridge of the missing tooth are obtained respectively.

[0067] Specifically, the lingual alveolar ridge height refers to the vertical distance from the apex of the alveolar ridge (the highest point where the tooth root once stood) to the bottom of the lingual alveolar ridge, and the lowest point of the adjacent alveolar bone. The buccal alveolar ridge height is the vertical distance from the apex of the alveolar ridge to the bottom of the buccal alveolar ridge. In the above description, "lingual" refers to the side facing the tongue, while "buccal" refers to the side facing the cheek.

[0068] Considering the differences in the anatomical structures of the maxilla and mandible, the methods for obtaining the height of the lingual alveolar ridge and the height of the buccal alveolar ridge differ depending on whether the missing tooth is an upper or lower tooth. In one embodiment of this disclosure, if the missing tooth is a lower tooth, the height of the lingual alveolar ridge is the length of the perpendicular line from the crest of the lingual alveolar ridge to the upper edge of the mandibular canal, and the height of the buccal alveolar ridge is the length of the perpendicular line from the crest of the buccal alveolar ridge to the upper edge of the mandibular canal, wherein the plane containing the upper edge of the mandibular canal is parallel to the axial plane.

[0069] Specifically, such as Figure 9 As shown, the measurement of mandibular alveolar bone height is illustrated. 'a' represents the plane of the superior border of the mandibular canal, 'b' represents the buccal alveolar bone height, and 'c' represents the lingual alveolar bone height. The lingual alveolar ridge height is measured vertically downwards from the highest point of the lingual alveolar ridge to the straight-line distance from the superior border of the mandibular canal. The buccal alveolar ridge height is measured vertically downwards from the highest point of the buccal alveolar ridge to the straight-line distance from the superior border of the mandibular canal. Furthermore, the plane containing the superior border of the mandibular canal is parallel to the axial plane.

[0070] If the missing tooth is an upper tooth, the height of the lingual alveolar ridge is the length of the vertical line from the top of the lingual alveolar ridge to the floor of the nose or the floor of the maxillary sinus, and the height of the buccal alveolar ridge is the length of the vertical line from the top of the buccal alveolar ridge to the floor of the nose or the floor of the maxillary sinus. The plane containing the floor of the maxillary sinus is parallel to the axial plane.

[0071] Specifically, such as Figure 10 As shown, d represents the lower border of the maxillary sinus floor, e represents the buccal alveolar bone height, and f represents the lingual alveolar bone height. The lingual alveolar ridge height is the straight-line distance from the highest point of the lingual alveolar ridge downwards to the floor of the maxillary sinus or the base of the nose, while ensuring that the plane containing the maxillary sinus floor is parallel to the axial plane. The buccal alveolar ridge height is the straight-line distance from the highest point of the buccal alveolar ridge downwards to the floor of the maxillary sinus or the base of the nose.

[0072] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the method for measuring alveolar bone of missing teeth further includes: obtaining the thickness of alveolar bone of missing teeth at different sites and calculating the average value, and determining the average value of the thickness at different sites as the average thickness of alveolar bone of missing teeth, wherein the average thickness of alveolar bone of missing teeth includes the thickness of alveolar bone of the undisturbed tooth and the thickness of the implant at the site of the missing tooth.

[0073] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the thickness of the alveolar bone at different sites of the missing tooth is the distance from the labial edge of the implant to the outer edge of the labial bone plate on a vertical line, wherein the vertical line is a straight line perpendicular to the long axis of the implant at different sites of the alveolar bone of the missing tooth.

[0074] Specifically, when assessing the alveolar bone condition of a missing tooth, it is necessary to determine the distance from the labial edge of the implant to the outer edge of the labial bone plate. Starting from the labial edge of the implant, measure the straight-line distance downwards along a vertical line to the outer edge of the labial bone plate; this distance represents the alveolar bone thickness at that location. The labial edge of the implant refers to the boundary of the implant neck closest to the cheek (labial side), and the outer edge of the labial bone plate refers to the outer edge of the layer of bone on the labial side (cheek-facing side) of the maxilla or mandible that connects to the gingiva after tooth loss. The vertical line is a straight line perpendicular to the long axis of the implant at different locations in the alveolar bone of the missing tooth.

[0075] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the thickness of alveolar bone at the same location of missing teeth at different times is obtained, and the thickness difference of alveolar bone at the same location of missing teeth at different times is calculated. The average value of the thickness difference of alveolar bone at different locations of missing teeth is determined as the average thickness of alveolar bone of missing teeth.

[0076] Specifically, the labial alveolar bone thickness of the implant at site Dn was obtained at different time points and denoted as HFBTn. The average labial alveolar bone thickness of implants at different sites at the same time point was then taken as the average labial alveolar bone thickness of the implant at that time point, HFBT(Tn). The average labial alveolar bone thickness at time point T1 was denoted as HFBT(T1), and the average labial alveolar bone thickness at time point T2 was denoted as HFBT(T2). The change in the average labial alveolar bone thickness at the implant site between T2 and T1 was defined as ΔHFBT.

[0077] The formula for calculating the average thickness of alveolar bone in cases of missing teeth is as follows:

[0078] HFBTn = the thickness of the labial alveolar bone at site Dn;

[0079] HFBT(Tn) = Average thickness of labial alveolar bone of the implant at time point Tn;

[0080] ΔHFBT=HFBT(T2)-HFBT(T1).

[0081] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the method for measuring alveolar bone of missing teeth further includes: obtaining the density of alveolar bone and the fusion of bone powder with alveolar bone.

[0082] Specifically, the density of the bone graft area and the density of the alveolar bone surrounding the missing tooth are obtained. If the density of the bone graft area is lower than that of the surrounding alveolar bone, it is recorded as "-1"; if the density of the bone graft area is the same as that of the surrounding alveolar bone, it is recorded as "0"; if the density of the bone graft area is lower than that of the surrounding alveolar bone, it is recorded as "1". The fusion status of the bone graft with the alveolar bone is obtained. If there is no obvious alveolar bone resorption and the bone graft is completely fused with the alveolar bone, it is recorded as "3"; if there is no obvious alveolar bone resorption but a local density reduction shadow is visible between the bone graft and the alveolar socket, it is recorded as "2"; if there is no obvious alveolar bone resorption but the bone graft is resorbed and a density reduction shadow is visible around it, it is recorded as "1"; if there is obvious resorption of both the alveolar bone and the bone graft, it is recorded as "0".

[0083] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the height of the lingual alveolar ridge and the height of the buccal alveolar ridge of the missing tooth are obtained respectively. After step b, the method further includes a step of determining the reduction value of alveolar bone height and a step of determining the reduction value of alveolar bone width, wherein:

[0084] The steps to determine the reduction in alveolar bone height include:

[0085] The initial buccal height, final buccal height, initial lingual height, and final lingual height of the alveolar bone of the missing tooth were obtained at predetermined time intervals.

[0086] The reduction in alveolar bone height is determined using the following formula: (Initial buccal height - Final buccal height) + (Initial lingual height - Final lingual height) / 2;

[0087] The steps to determine the reduction in alveolar bone width include:

[0088] Acquire the following widths of alveolar bone for missing teeth at predetermined time intervals: initial 2mm width, final 2mm width, initial 4mm width, final 4mm width, initial 6mm width, final 6mm width, initial 8mm width, and final 8mm width.

[0089] The reduction in alveolar bone width is determined by the following formula: [(Initial 2mm width - Final 2mm width) + (Initial 4mm width - Final 4mm width) + (Initial 6mm width - Final 6mm width) + (Initial 8mm width - Final 8mm width)] / 4.

[0090] Specifically, if the reduction in alveolar bone height is ≤1.5mm and the reduction in alveolar bone width is ≤2mm, it indicates that there is no significant reduction in alveolar bone in the missing tooth; if the reduction in alveolar bone height is ≤4mm and the reduction in alveolar bone width is ≤4mm, it indicates a slight reduction in alveolar bone in the missing tooth; and if the reduction in alveolar bone height is >4mm, it indicates a significant reduction in alveolar bone in the missing tooth.

[0091] The alveolar bone measurement method for missing teeth provided in this disclosure determines the measurement plane by adjusting the positional relationship between the sagittal axis, coronal axis, and vertical axis and adjacent teeth in the sagittal, coronal, and axial planes. Based on the measurement plane, the height and width of the alveolar bone of the missing tooth are obtained. This method has the advantages of accurate positioning, small difference in measurement results, good stability, and high repeatability.

[0092] The various embodiments of the present invention have been described above. These descriptions are exemplary and not exhaustive, and are not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is chosen to best explain the principles, practical application, or technical improvements to the embodiments in the market, or to enable others skilled in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for measuring alveolar bone in cases of missing teeth, characterized in that, include: Step a: Control the sagittal axis to coincide with the line connecting the centers of the cross sections of the two adjacent teeth of the missing tooth in the axial plane; control the vertical axis to coincide with the line connecting the cementoenamel junction of the adjacent teeth in the sagittal plane; control the sagittal axis to coincide with the long axis of the adjacent teeth in the coronal plane; control the coronal axis to coincide with the perpendicular line from the midpoint of the line connecting the cementoenamel junction of the adjacent teeth in the axial or sagittal plane. The resulting coronal plane is determined as the measurement plane, wherein the sagittal axis, the vertical axis, and the coronal axis are always kept perpendicular to each other. Step b: Obtain the width and height of the alveolar ridge of the missing tooth based on the measurement plane described in step a.

2. The method for measuring alveolar bone in cases of missing teeth according to claim 1, characterized in that, Using the plane containing the vertical axis as the boundary, the buccal-lingual width of the alveolar ridge of the missing tooth is obtained, and the buccal-lingual width is determined as the width of the alveolar ridge of the missing tooth.

3. The method for measuring alveolar bone in cases of missing teeth according to claim 2, characterized in that, Using the plane where the vertical axis is located as the boundary, the buccal-lingual widths of the alveolar ridges at distances of 2mm, 4mm, 6mm, and 8mm from the plane are obtained respectively. The average value of the buccal-lingual widths of the alveolar ridges at 2mm, 4mm, 6mm, and 8mm is calculated, and the average value of the buccal-lingual widths is determined as the width of the alveolar ridge of the missing tooth.

4. The method for measuring alveolar bone in cases of missing teeth according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heights of the lingual alveolar ridge and the buccal alveolar ridge of the missing tooth are obtained respectively.

5. The method for measuring alveolar bone in cases of missing teeth according to claim 4, characterized in that, If the missing tooth is a lower tooth, the height of the lingual alveolar ridge is the length of the vertical line from the crest of the lingual alveolar ridge to the upper edge of the mandibular canal, and the height of the buccal alveolar ridge is the length of the vertical line from the crest of the buccal alveolar ridge to the upper edge of the mandibular canal, wherein the plane containing the upper edge of the mandibular canal is parallel to the axial plane. If the missing tooth is an upper tooth, the height of the lingual alveolar ridge is the length of the vertical line from the top of the lingual alveolar ridge to the nasal floor or the floor of the maxillary sinus, and the height of the buccal alveolar ridge is the length of the vertical line from the top of the buccal alveolar ridge to the nasal floor or the floor of the maxillary sinus, wherein the plane containing the floor of the maxillary sinus is parallel to the axial plane.

6. The method for measuring alveolar bone in cases of missing teeth according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The thickness of the alveolar bone at different sites of the missing tooth is obtained and the average value is calculated. The average value of the thickness at different sites is determined as the average thickness of the alveolar bone of the missing tooth. The average thickness of the alveolar bone of the missing tooth includes the thickness of the alveolar bone of the missing tooth and the thickness of the implant at the site of the missing tooth.

7. The method for measuring alveolar bone in cases of missing teeth according to claim 6, characterized in that, The thickness of the alveolar bone of the missing tooth at the same location at different times is obtained, and the thickness difference of the alveolar bone of the missing tooth at the same location at different times is calculated. The average value of the thickness difference of the alveolar bone of the missing tooth at different locations is determined as the average thickness of the alveolar bone of the missing tooth.

8. The method for measuring alveolar bone in cases of missing teeth according to claim 6, characterized in that, The thickness of the alveolar bone of the missing tooth at different sites is the distance from the labial edge of the implant to the outer edge of the labial bone plate on a vertical line, wherein the vertical line is a straight line perpendicular to the long axis of the implant at different sites of the alveolar bone of the missing tooth.

9. The method for measuring alveolar bone in cases of missing teeth according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: To obtain the density of alveolar bone and the fusion status of bone powder with alveolar bone.

10. The method for measuring alveolar bone in cases of missing teeth according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heights of the lingual alveolar ridge and the buccal alveolar ridge of the missing tooth are obtained respectively. Following step b, the method further includes determining the reduction in alveolar bone height and the reduction in alveolar bone width, wherein: The steps to determine the reduction in alveolar bone height include: The initial buccal height, final buccal height, initial lingual height, and final lingual height of the alveolar bone of the missing tooth were obtained at predetermined time intervals. The reduction in alveolar bone height is determined using the following formula: (Initial buccal height - Final buccal height) + (Initial lingual height - Final lingual height) / 2; The steps to determine the reduction in alveolar bone width include: Acquire the following widths of alveolar bone for missing teeth at predetermined time intervals: initial 2mm width, final 2mm width, initial 4mm width, final 4mm width, initial 6mm width, final 6mm width, initial 8mm width, and final 8mm width. The reduction in alveolar bone width is determined by the following formula: [(Initial 2mm width - Final 2mm width) + (Initial 4mm width - Final 4mm width) + (Initial 6mm width - Final 6mm width) + (Initial 8mm width - Final 8mm width)] / 4.

Images