Method and system for large-aperture quick opening and medium injection in closed space

Abstract

The invention provides a large-aperture quick opening and medium injection method and system for a closed space. The method is based on an integrated system, an energy supply and driving module is triggered through a control module to release high-pressure gas, and a piston is driven to compress a liquid working medium to generate high-pressure liquid flow; the liquid flow impacts the large-cone-angle plug-punching generator, so that the large-cone-angle plug-punching generator collapses to form a high-speed metal pestle body, and a channel is sheared on a target shell in a mechanical plug-punching mode; and then, the medium storage and injection module is immediately started, and the treatment medium is injected into the closed space through the channel. The system correspondingly comprises an energy supply and drive module, an impact pestle body generation module, a medium storage and injection module and a control and trigger module. A traditional energy-gathered jet flow principle is abandoned, a pure mechanical impact mode is adopted, rapid, safe and large-aperture channel opening and millisecond-level cooperation of efficient medium injection are achieved, and the problems that in the prior art, response is slow, the aperture is small, the injection efficiency is low and the law and regulation risk is high are fundamentally solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of emergency rescue technology, specifically to a method and system for rapid opening and media injection of a large aperture in a confined space. Background Technology

[0002] In modern industrial production and energy storage, the safety protection of various sealed containers and enclosed spaces has always been a major technical challenge. Whether it is electrochemical energy storage devices (such as lithium-ion battery packs), chemical reaction vessels, energy transmission pipelines, or special material storage facilities, once an anomaly occurs inside (such as fire, uncontrolled chemical reaction, or leakage of hazardous substances), traditional external response methods are often insufficient to effectively intervene.

[0003] The inventors recognized that current emergency response to disasters inside confined spaces mainly faces the following technical challenges:

[0004] (1) Inefficient external treatment: The closed structure design makes it impossible for external intervention measures to effectively reach the internal hazardous areas. Taking lithium-ion battery packs as an example, traditional external spraying cannot suppress internal thermal runaway; for chemical containers, external cooling is difficult to control the vicious cycle of internal exothermic reactions.

[0005] (2) Existing channel opening technology has the following limitations:

[0006] Mechanical puncture method: requires a great deal of mechanical force, has a slow response speed, poor adaptability to sealed shells of different materials, and is not reliable enough under the complex conditions of an accident scene.

[0007] Targeted jet technology: While capable of rapid perforation, the resulting aperture is typically less than 3mm, failing to meet the demands of high-flow-rate media injection. More importantly, this technology exhibits clear military application characteristics, and its application in the civilian sector faces stringent regulatory risks.

[0008] Cutting and opening method: The operation time is long, requires external energy support, and may generate sparks or high temperatures. It poses serious safety hazards when used in flammable and explosive environments.

[0009] (3) The common problem of insufficient injection efficiency.

[0010] The small-aperture channels created by existing technologies severely limit the injection flow rate and speed of media such as extinguishing agents, inhibitors, and coolants, making it impossible to establish an effective internal concentration within the golden disposal time, resulting in poor disposal effects. Summary of the Invention

[0011] This application provides a method and system for rapid opening of a large aperture in a sealed space and injection of media, which aims to solve the problems that traditional external treatment methods are difficult to intervene in abnormal conditions of sealed containers and enclosed spaces, while existing channel opening technologies have slow response, poor adaptability, long operation time and safety hazards, and low efficiency in injecting media into pre-sealed containers and enclosed spaces.

[0012] Firstly, a method for rapid opening and media injection of a large aperture in a confined space is provided, the method comprising:

[0013] The system performs a self-test and confirms that it is in a ready state. Furthermore, the output ends of the system's impact hammer generation module and medium injection module are positioned to align with the predetermined puncture position on the target container shell.

[0014] The system controller receives a trigger command and activates the electric explosion valve or the ultra-high speed solenoid valve to release the high-pressure gas-driven piston. The high-pressure gas-driven piston compresses the incompressible liquid working medium in the working medium chamber, generating a high-pressure liquid flow. The high-pressure liquid flow impacts the plug generator with a large cone angle design, causing it to collapse within a short period of time to form a high-speed metal pestle. The high-speed metal pestle impacts the predetermined puncture position on the outer shell of the target container, forming a channel of a predetermined diameter through shearing action.

[0015] After the channel is formed, the system controller issues a command to open the injection valve, so that the pre-stored treatment medium in the medium storage tank is injected into the sealed space through the channel under the pressure difference.

[0016] In the above scheme, optionally, the trigger command comes from the battery management system (BMS), the distributed control system (DCS), the fire alarm control panel, or a manual operation button.

[0017] Optionally, in the above scheme, the selection of the predetermined puncture location is based on a prior analysis of the structural mechanical properties and internal spatial layout of the target container.

[0018] Optionally, after the step of injecting the medium into the enclosed space through the channel, the above scheme further includes a reset step: replacing the high-pressure gas cylinder that provides energy for the method and the plug generator, and replenishing the medium storage tank with the treatment medium.

[0019] Optionally, in the above scheme, the plunger generator is a cone or hemispherical shape with a large cone angle of 120° to 140°.

[0020] Optionally, in the above scheme, the incompressible liquid working medium is deionized water.

[0021] Secondly, a system for rapid opening and media injection of a large aperture in a confined space is provided to implement the media injection method described above. The system is an integrated structure, comprising:

[0022] The energy supply and drive module includes a high-pressure gas cylinder, a gas regulator, an electric explosion valve or an ultra-high-speed solenoid valve, and a cylinder and a piston, which are sequentially connected through a high-pressure gas pipeline. The energy supply and drive module drives the impact pestle generating module through the piston and cylinder mechanism. The gas output from the high-pressure gas cylinder enters the cylinder through the electric explosion valve or ultra-high-speed solenoid valve, which pushes the piston to move and compresses the liquid working medium in the liquid working medium chamber.

[0023] The impact piston generating module includes a liquid working fluid chamber connected to the output end of the electric explosion valve or the ultra-high speed solenoid valve, and a piston generator composed of a large cone-angle metal cover disposed at the outlet of the liquid working fluid chamber.

[0024] The medium storage and injection module includes a medium storage tank and an injection valve, wherein the outlet flow channel of the injection valve and the ejection channel of the plunger generator are aligned side by side with the same target area.

[0025] The control and triggering module is electrically connected to the electric explosion valve or ultra-high speed solenoid valve and the injection valve, and is used to send trigger commands and control their opening and closing sequence.

[0026] Optionally, in the above scheme, the control and triggering module includes a system controller and a sensor system. The sensor system is used to monitor the system pressure and status, and provide feedback to the system controller so that the system can confirm that it is in a ready state, and trigger the injection of medium according to the pressure change after the hole is broken.

[0027] Optionally, the system described above can be handheld, fixed-installation, or integrated with a mobile platform.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, this application has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0029] Based on further analysis and research of existing technical problems, this application recognizes that existing solutions urgently need a method that can quickly and safely open a sufficiently large aperture channel and immediately inject a high-efficiency medium. Through a novel technical approach that "drives gas potential energy through a non-explosive energy source, efficiently transfers gas potential energy through a liquid working medium, and ultimately converts it into the mechanical kinetic energy of a high-speed impeller, achieving millisecond-level coordination between the piercing and injection actions," this application achieves the technical effect of forming a large-aperture channel with neat edges on a sealed shell within milliseconds, while completely avoiding the risks of military technology control, and almost simultaneously completing the injection of a large flow of medium. This enables the early, precise, and efficient handling of disasters inside confined spaces.

[0030] The large-diameter rapid opening and media injection system for confined spaces provided in this application also has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0031] (1) The structural compactness and functional synergy brought about by modular integration: By highly integrating the four functional modules of energy supply and drive, impact generation, medium storage and injection, and control triggering, the system forms a single device with a compact structure and complete functions. This integrated design eliminates the problems of complex assembly, response delay and poor synergy caused by the separation of the puncture unit and injection unit in the traditional solution, enabling the system to achieve millisecond-level puncture-injection linkage, which significantly improves the reliability of emergency response.

[0032] (2) Inherent inherent safety improvement: The system uses non-explosive energy (high-pressure gas) as the initial power source, and in principle, it uses "mechanical ramming" instead of "concentrated jet". This fundamentally avoids the risk of explosion, sparks and high-risk jets, making it particularly suitable for flammable and explosive environments such as chemical industry and energy storage, and solving the safety bottleneck of traditional cutting and concentrated jet technology.

[0033] (3) Excellent environmental adaptability and multi-scenario deployment capability: Since the core energy source is pre-compressed gas, the system is not affected by extreme temperatures, electromagnetic interference or complex environments such as underwater, and has high reliability. The modular design allows it to be flexibly configured as handheld, fixed-installation or mobile platform integrated, and can be seamlessly adapted to various application scenarios from emergency rescue vehicles to those pre-embedded in the battery compartment, realizing the versatility of "one platform, multiple deployments". Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the working process of a plug generator for a method of rapid opening and medium injection of a large aperture in a confined space, provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 2 A schematic flowchart illustrating a method for rapid opening and media injection of a large aperture in a confined space, provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a large-aperture rapid opening and media injection system for a sealed space, provided as an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0038] In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, the terms "including", "comprising", "having", etc., also mean "not limited to" (certain units, components, materials, steps, etc.).

[0039] Based on the problems and challenges in the aforementioned technical background, this application aims to provide a novel technical solution to achieve the following objectives:

[0040] 1. Provides universal and effective large-diameter opening capability: It can quickly open channels with a diameter of not less than 8mm on the shell of various materials of sealed containers, providing the necessary conditions for the large-flow injection of media such as fire extinguishing agents, inhibitors, and coolants, and meeting the emergency response needs of different industrial scenarios.

[0041] 2. Completely avoid technology control risks: Adopting a completely different technical approach from traditional shaped jets, the innovative "impact pestle" mechanism achieves mechanical puncture, thus avoiding any association with military applications from a technical principle perspective and ensuring the legal and compliant application of the technology in the civilian field.

[0042] 3. A universal solution for rapid response and efficient injection: The entire process from triggering to completing channel opening is completed within 10 milliseconds, and seamless connection between channel opening and media injection is achieved, ensuring that sufficient treatment media can be accurately delivered to the danger zone in the early stages of disaster development.

[0043] 4. Ensure broad environmental adaptability and operational safety: Uses non-explosive energy to avoid the risk of explosion; the device has a compact structure and can be adapted to various deployment methods such as handheld operation, fixed installation or mobile platform integration to meet the needs of different industrial environments.

[0044] 5. Establish a cross-industry application technology platform: Through the innovation of core technologies, provide unified rapid intervention solutions for enclosed spaces for multiple industries such as chemical, energy, transportation, and warehousing, and significantly improve the technical level of industrial safety protection.

[0045] This application, through an innovative technical approach, fundamentally solves the three major pain points of traditional technologies in disaster response in confined spaces: "insufficient aperture, slow response, and control risks," providing a brand-new technical foundation for safe production and emergency protection in various industrial sectors.

[0046] In one embodiment, reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 A method for rapid opening and media injection of a large aperture in a confined space is provided, the method comprising:

[0047] The system performs a self-test and confirms that it is in a ready state. Furthermore, the output ends of the system's impact hammer generation module and medium injection module are positioned to align with the predetermined puncture position on the target container shell.

[0048] The system controller receives a trigger command and activates the electric explosion valve or the ultra-high speed solenoid valve to release the high-pressure gas-driven piston. The high-pressure gas-driven piston compresses the incompressible liquid working medium in the working medium chamber, generating a high-pressure liquid flow. The high-pressure liquid flow impacts the plug generator with a large cone angle design, causing it to collapse within a short period of time to form a high-speed metal pestle. The high-speed metal pestle impacts the predetermined puncture position on the outer shell of the target container, forming a channel of a predetermined diameter through shearing action.

[0049] After the channel is formed, the system controller issues a command to open the injection valve, so that the pre-stored treatment medium in the medium storage tank is injected into the sealed space through the channel under the pressure difference.

[0050] In one embodiment, reference Figure 3 Firstly, a system for rapid opening and media injection of large-diameter holes in confined spaces based on the impact impeller effect is presented. This system adopts a modular integrated design, using a non-explosive energy source to drive a specially designed impeller generator, producing a high-speed metal impeller to achieve mechanical impeller-type rupture, and then utilizing the formed channel for rapid media injection. The system mainly consists of the following four functional modules:

[0051] 1. Energy Supply and Drive Module: Provides the initial power source for the system, stores potential energy through high-pressure gas, and achieves controllable energy release through precise gas control components.

[0052] 2. Control and Trigger Module: As the "brain" of the system, it is responsible for sending trigger signals, precisely controlling the working sequence of each component, and ensuring that the entire action process is coordinated and consistent.

[0053] 3. Impact Pestle Generating Module: The core technology module of the system, which converts fluid energy into mechanical impact energy through a unique structural design to form a highly efficient puncturing pestle.

[0054] 4. Media storage and injection module: Stores the required working media and injects it into the target space through a newly opened channel at the appropriate time.

[0055] These modules are tightly integrated in terms of mechanical structure and work together in terms of function to realize the complete process flow from energy triggering to media injection.

[0056] Based on the provided system, this application also provides a method for rapid opening and media injection of a large aperture in a confined space. The working principle of this application is based on impact dynamics and fluid pressure transmission theory. Its core lies in achieving efficient conversion from gas potential energy to mechanical impact kinetic energy through a specific energy conversion path. The specific working principle is as follows:

[0057] 1. First, a pre-compressed inert gas (such as nitrogen) serves as the initial energy source for the system, and its stored potential energy is released through a high-speed valve that opens instantaneously. The high-pressure gas drives the piston to accelerate within the cylinder, converting the gas's potential energy into the piston's kinetic energy.

[0058] 2. Next, the piston pushes the liquid working medium (such as deionized water) to generate a high-speed liquid flow. Due to the incompressible nature of the liquid, energy loss is minimal during this transfer process, and the pressure of the liquid working medium can reach its peak in a very short time.

[0059] 3. Then, the high-pressure liquid flow impacts a specially designed impeller generator (large cone angle shaped charge liner). Unlike the traditional principle of shaped charge jets, the large cone angle design used in this application prevents the metal liner from forming a thin, elongated jet upon impact. Instead, it collapses and closes entirely, forming a short, thick, high-speed metal impeller. This impeller carries enormous kinetic energy and acts on the target shell through pure mechanical impact.

[0060] 4. Finally, the high-speed impactor shears away a circular section of the target's outer shell, creating a large-diameter channel with neat edges. Almost simultaneously, the system's injection valve opens, and the stored medium, driven by the pressure difference, rapidly enters the target space through the newly formed channel.

[0061] This entire workflow is completed in milliseconds, ensuring rapid and effective intervention in emergency situations.

[0062] In one embodiment, the trigger command comes from a battery management system (BMS), a distributed control system (DCS), a fire alarm control panel, or a manual operation button.

[0063] In one embodiment, the trigger command originates from an automated signal from the target container or environmental monitoring system, or from direct human intervention. Specifically, the trigger command may originate from any of the following sources:

[0064] The battery management system (BMS) detects signs of thermal runaway in the battery module, such as an abnormal voltage drop, a rapid temperature rise, or electrolyte leakage.

[0065] Distributed control systems (DCS) or safety instrumented systems (SIS) should be activated when the pressure or temperature parameters of a chemical container or reactor exceed safety thresholds, or when the concentration of flammable / toxic gases exceeds the limit.

[0066] The fire alarm control panel receives a linkage alarm signal from a heat detector, smoke detector, or flame detector located within the protected area;

[0067] The manual operation button is triggered directly by on-site operators or fire and rescue personnel based on the situation on site.

[0068] This embodiment constructs multiple and redundant trigger paths, achieving full coverage from "fully automatic early warning linkage" to "semi-automatic centralized control" and then to "final manual decision-making," ensuring that the system can obtain the most timely and reliable start instructions in various accident scenarios, thereby maximizing the capture of the "golden window period" for disaster response.

[0069] In one embodiment, the selection of the predetermined puncture location is based on a prior analysis of the structural mechanical properties and internal spatial layout of the target container.

[0070] In one embodiment, the predetermined puncture location is located in a structurally weak area or functionally related area of ​​the target container, specifically including but not limited to: the joint of the container wall panel, the geometric center of the stamping area, or the surrounding area of ​​an existing pressure relief valve / opening.

[0071] Joints are typically welded or riveted areas, where the material strength, toughness, or thickness may be lower than that of the base material; stamping areas may also become mechanically weak points due to work hardening. Choosing to break the hole at such locations allows for the use of lower impact energy of the pestle to open the same hole diameter, thereby reducing the overall size, weight, and cost of the system, and further reducing the risk of over-penetration.

[0072] The area surrounding pressure relief valves or other openings and interfaces is typically designed with optimized open space, free from complex piping or electrical obstructions. Making a puncture at this location ensures the created channel leads directly to the critical hazardous area requiring treatment, preventing the medium from being blocked or scattered by the internal structure, thus maximizing medium utilization and treatment effectiveness.

[0073] In one embodiment, after the step of injecting the medium into the confined space through the channel, a reset step is further included: replacing the high-pressure gas cylinder that provides energy for the method and the plug generator, and replenishing the medium storage tank with the disposal medium.

[0074] In one embodiment, after the media injection is completed, the system performs a full reset procedure to prepare for the next emergency response mission. The reset steps specifically include: replacing the high-pressure gas cylinder that serves as the energy carrier, replacing the plug generator that has failed due to plastic deformation, and replenishing the consumed disposal media to the media storage tank.

[0075] By modularly resetting the disposable core actuating components (gas cylinders, plug generators) and consumable materials (medium), the system can be quickly restored to its initial design peak performance state after each task, avoiding the risk of secondary task failure due to component fatigue or insufficient medium. This is particularly suitable for critical facilities that require continuous protection.

[0076] The replacement and supplementary operations involved in the reset procedure are all simple physical substitutions, requiring no specialized tools or complex debugging processes. This greatly reduces the difficulty and time required for equipment maintenance, enabling on-site operators to complete all reset work in a short time (e.g., within five minutes), significantly improving equipment uptime and operational efficiency.

[0077] In one embodiment, the plunger generator is a large-cone cone or hemispherical shape with a cone angle of 120° to 140°.

[0078] In one embodiment, the plunger generator employs a special large-cone angle structure design, with its generatrix shape being conical or hemispherical, and the cone angle being limited to an obtuse angle range of 120° to 140°. The generator is made of a high-purity, high-ductility metallic material (such as copper with a purity of not less than 99.9%).

[0079] Unlike the small cone angle (typically <90°) shaped charge liner used in traditional shaped charge jet technology, the large obtuse angle design of this application fundamentally changes the physical process of collapse and closure when impacted by high-pressure liquid flow. Instead of forming a thin, elongated metal jet, the entire liner converges and compacts towards the axis, forming a short, thick, high-density "high-speed pestle." This is the core of achieving mechanical ramming-type puncture, thus fundamentally distinguishing it from military technology and circumventing regulatory controls.

[0080] The resulting jet has a large mass and a wide cross-sectional diameter. When its kinetic energy acts on the target shell, it primarily uses shearing and impingement mechanisms to push off a single circular piece of material, thereby stably forming a large-diameter channel with neat and regular edges, with a diameter of 8-12 mm. At the same time, because the kinetic energy of the jet decays rapidly, its risk of over-penetration and secondary damage to internal equipment is significantly lower than that of a shaped charge jet.

[0081] This large cone angle structure is more conducive to efficiently converting the kinetic energy of the fluid flow into the translational kinetic energy of the pestle. The high energy conversion efficiency ensures that an effective pestle can still be generated to complete the large-diameter plugging even with relatively low initial system energy.

[0082] In summary, this embodiment is not a simple shape change, but rather a fundamental change in the form of energy interaction and the hole breaking mechanism by introducing an atypical structure with precisely defined parameters. It is the technological cornerstone for simultaneously achieving the three major goals of "large aperture, high safety, and compliance".

[0083] In one embodiment, the incompressible liquid working medium is deionized water.

[0084] Deionized water has extremely low conductivity and is almost incompressible, making it a near-ideal medium for hydraulic transmission. Its low conductivity effectively prevents ionization breakdown or electrolytic reactions under high pressure, avoiding electrochemical corrosion of the system's internal components (such as pistons and cavities), and ensuring the long-term reliability and stability of the energy transfer link.

[0085] In addition to serving as an energy carrier, deionized water, with its high specific heat capacity, can provide some cooling in the event of a minor leak. More importantly, it is compatible with most industrial fire extinguishing agents and inhibitors, and is non-toxic, non-flammable, and environmentally friendly. Even if accidentally released, it will not cause secondary hazards, meeting the high standards required for industrial safety equipment.

[0086] In one embodiment, the media injection method of this application is described according to a strict time sequence to ensure precise coordination of each action:

[0087] Phase 1: Preparation and Aiming (Preparation Phase).

[0088] The operator first checks the system status and confirms that the pressure parameters are normal before aiming the device at the predetermined rupture location on the target container. This location is usually chosen from the container's weakest points, such as joints or the area around the pressure relief valve.

[0089] Second stage: triggering and punching (0-10ms).

[0090] 0ms: The controller sends a trigger command to start the electric explosion valve.

[0091] 0-1ms: The electric explosion valve is fully opened, and high-pressure gas enters the drive cylinder.

[0092] 1-3ms: The piston accelerates under the drive of high-pressure gas, compressing the liquid working fluid. The system pressure reaches its peak (>100MPa) within 0.5ms.

[0093] 3-5ms: High-pressure liquid flow impacts the plug generator. The generator completes the collapse process within 150μs, forming a high-speed plug body.

[0094] 5-10ms: The pestle impacts the target shell at a speed of 2000-3000m / s, and through shearing action, it knocks off a circular metal sheet with a diameter of 8-12mm, forming a complete injection channel.

[0095] Phase 3: Medium injection (10-10¹⁰ms).

[0096] 10-15ms: After the channel is established, the pressure sensor detects the change in internal system pressure, and the controller immediately issues an injection command.

[0097] 15-1010ms: The injection valve opens, and the medium is continuously injected into the target space through the newly formed channel under pre-pressure. The injection time is about 1 second to ensure that a sufficient amount of medium enters.

[0098] Phase 4: Reset and Preparation (after operation).

[0099] After completing one work cycle, the operator replaces the high-pressure gas cylinder and the plug generator module, replenishes the medium, and the system is ready for the next use. The entire maintenance process is simple and quick, usually completed within 2 minutes.

[0100] In one embodiment, reference Figure 3 A system for rapid opening and media injection of a large aperture in a confined space is provided to implement the media injection method provided in the above embodiments. The system is an integrated structure, comprising:

[0101] The energy supply and drive module includes a high-pressure gas cylinder, a gas regulator, an electric explosion valve or an ultra-high-speed solenoid valve, and a cylinder and a piston, which are sequentially connected through a high-pressure gas pipeline. The energy supply and drive module drives the impact pestle generating module through the piston and cylinder mechanism. The gas output from the high-pressure gas cylinder enters the cylinder through the electric explosion valve or ultra-high-speed solenoid valve, which pushes the piston to move and compresses the liquid working medium in the liquid working medium chamber.

[0102] The impact piston generating module includes a liquid working fluid chamber connected to the output end of the electric explosion valve or the ultra-high speed solenoid valve, and a piston generator composed of a large cone-angle metal cover disposed at the outlet of the liquid working fluid chamber.

[0103] The medium storage and injection module includes a medium storage tank and an injection valve, wherein the outlet flow channel of the injection valve and the ejection channel of the plunger generator are aligned side by side with the same target area.

[0104] The control and triggering module is electrically connected to the electric explosion valve or ultra-high speed solenoid valve and the injection valve, and is used to send trigger commands and control their opening and closing sequence.

[0105] In one embodiment, the energy supply and drive module is connected to the impact hammer generating module via a piston and cylinder mechanism; the high-pressure gas cylinder is connected to the cylinder via the electric explosion valve or the ultra-high-speed solenoid valve, and the piston moves within the cylinder to compress the liquid working medium in the liquid working medium chamber.

[0106] In one embodiment, the control and triggering module includes a system controller and a sensor system. The sensor system is used to monitor system pressure and status, and provide feedback to the system controller to enable the system to confirm that it is in a ready state, and to trigger medium injection based on pressure changes after a rupture.

[0107] In one embodiment, the system is handheld, fixed-installation, or integrated with a mobile platform.

[0108] To clearly present the core components and key parameters of each module, the main working components of the system and their performance parameters are summarized in Table 1 below:

[0109]

[0110] The energy supply and drive module is responsible for providing a stable and reliable energy source for the system. Its core components include:

[0111] High-pressure gas cylinder: Made of carbon fiber composite material, it is lightweight and high-strength. The working pressure is set at 30 MPa, with a volume of 0.5 L, providing the energy required for at least 10 complete working cycles. The cylinder is equipped with a precision pressure sensor and a safety valve to monitor the pressure status in real time and automatically release pressure in case of overpressure.

[0112] Gas regulator: Employs a two-stage pressure reduction design. The first stage reduces the cylinder pressure from 30MPa to 15MPa, while the second stage allows for precise adjustment of the output pressure within the range of 5-25MPa. The adjustment accuracy reaches ±0.5MPa, ensuring the stability and repeatability of the system's operating pressure.

[0113] Electro-explosive valve / ultra-high-speed solenoid valve: As a key control component for energy release, it adopts a bridge-wire electric ignition head design with a trigger voltage of 24VDC and an input energy of 100mJ. The valve's full opening time is less than 1ms, with a nominal diameter of 6mm and a pressure resistance greater than 50MPa, ensuring the rapid release of high-pressure gas.

[0114] Piston and Cylinder: The piston is made of titanium alloy, with a diameter of 30mm and a weight of 50g. Under high-pressure gas drive, it can complete a 50mm stroke within 1ms. The inner wall of the cylinder undergoes hard anodizing treatment and is fitted with a PTFE sealing ring to ensure sealing performance and reduce friction loss.

[0115] The control and triggering module employs a layered design to ensure the reliability and flexibility of the system.

[0116] System Controller: Based on an ARM Cortex-M series microprocessor (such as the STM32 series), with a main frequency of up to 100MHz, providing sufficient data processing capabilities. The controller integrates multiple ADC acquisition channels to monitor system parameters such as pressure and temperature in real time; the communication interface supports CAN bus, RS485, and wireless Bluetooth / Wi-Fi (i.e., it has a wireless trigger interface), facilitating remote control and status monitoring.

[0117] Power Management System: Powered by a lithium-ion battery pack with a rated voltage of 12V and a capacity of 2Ah, it can support continuous system operation for 4 hours or 1000 trigger operations. The power module has overcharge, over-discharge, and short-circuit protection functions to ensure safety and reliability under various operating conditions.

[0118] Sensor system: including pressure sensor (range 0-50MPa, accuracy ±0.1%FS), temperature sensor (-40°C to 85°C), acceleration sensor, etc., to provide comprehensive status information for the control system.

[0119] The impact-generating module is the core technological innovation module of this application, and its design directly determines the pore-breaking performance of the system.

[0120] Liquid working fluid chamber: Made of 316 stainless steel, with a pressure resistance greater than 150MPa and a volume of approximately 0.2L. The chamber is filled with deionized water as the working medium, and a 5μm precision filter is installed at the inlet to prevent impurities from entering and affecting the system operation.

[0121] The plug generator: This is the key innovative component of this application. It is made of high-purity copper (Cu≥99.9%), with a large-conical / hemispherical structure. The cone angle is designed as an obtuse angle of 120°-140°, the wall thickness is 1.5-2.5mm, and the base diameter is 20mm. This special design ensures that when impacted by high-pressure liquid flow, the metal casing collapses as a whole to form a high-speed plug, rather than a traditional thin jet. The plug velocity can reach 1500-3000m / s, effectively plugging orifices with a diameter of 8-12mm.

[0122] The media storage and injection module is responsible for media storage and precise injection.

[0123] Medium storage tank: 1.0L volume, designed working pressure 2MPa (pre-pressurized), made of 304 stainless steel. The tank is equipped with a level sensor and a safety pressure relief device to ensure safe use.

[0124] Injection valve: Utilizing a pilot-operated solenoid valve design, with a response time of less than 5ms and a nominal diameter ≥4mm. The valve opens rapidly upon receiving a control signal, ensuring that the medium begins injection immediately after the channel is formed.

[0125] Key technological innovations:

[0126] (1) Breakthrough innovation at the principle level: This application completely abandons the traditional focused jet technology path and pioneers the application of the "large cone angle plug generator" in the field of emergency rescue. This design achieves mechanical plug-type puncture by forming a high-speed pestle, which is different from any existing technical solution in terms of basic principle. Unlike the high-speed, slender metal jet generated by traditional focused jets, the pestle generated by this application has the characteristics of large mass and moderate speed. It achieves puncture through pure kinetic energy impact and shearing action, which not only increases the aperture size, but more importantly, completely avoids the risk of technology control.

[0127] (2) Integrative innovation in structural design: This application is the first to seamlessly integrate the two functional units of "impact pestle perforation" and "pressure gradient injection" into a compact device. Through precise timing control and pressure sensing technology, millisecond-level linkage between perforation and injection is achieved. This highly integrated design not only significantly improves the system response speed, but also significantly enhances operational reliability, solving the coordination problem caused by the separation of perforation and injection equipment in traditional technologies.

[0128] (3) Significant breakthrough in performance indicators: Experimental verification shows that this application can stably open regular circular holes with a diameter of 8-12 mm, which is 3-5 times the aperture of traditional focused jet technology. The large-diameter channel increases the injection flow rate of the medium by an order of magnitude and reduces the flow resistance by about 80%, fundamentally solving the bottleneck problem of injection efficiency caused by small-diameter channels. At the same time, since the energy of the impeller body decays rapidly after breaking the hole, the risk of over-penetration is significantly reduced, and the safety is greatly improved.

[0129] (4) Significant Expansion of Application Scope: This application provides a universal "rapid media injection in confined spaces" platform technology, whose application scope extends far beyond the single field of battery fire response. By changing different types of treatment media, the same system can be applied to various industrial safety scenarios such as explosion suppression of chemical containers, inerting of pressure pipelines, and fire extinguishing of storage facilities. This cross-industry versatility design greatly enhances the economic value and promotion potential of the technology.

[0130] (5) Complete solution to safety and compliance: The pure mechanical impact principle and non-explosive energy design adopted in this application completely distinguish it from regulated military technology. All components are industrial standard parts, and there are no controlled items, which fundamentally solves the regulatory compliance problems faced by traditional technologies and removes obstacles to the widespread application of the technology in the civilian field.

[0131] Through the above five technological innovations, this application has constructed a complete, efficient, and safe rapid intervention technology system for confined spaces, providing a brand-new technical means for safety protection in various industrial fields.

[0132] Example 1

[0133] Fire suppression application in battery compartments of energy storage power stations:

[0134] Application scenario: In the lithium battery compartment of a large chemical energy storage power station, the battery management system (BMS) detected that the temperature of the third battery module rose abnormally to 95°C, and the VOC sensor detected electrolyte decomposition gas, which was determined to be the early stage of thermal runaway.

[0135] System Configuration: Deployment Method: Explosion suppression units are pre-installed on the top track of the battery compartment, with each unit responsible for 3 battery modules; Device Parameters: High-pressure gas cylinder pressure 25MPa, plug generator cone angle 130°, plug design speed 2200m / s; Extinguishing Medium: Perfluorohexanone, injection volume 500mL / unit

[0136] Work process:

[0137] 1. The BMS alarm signal is transmitted to the fire control panel. After the control panel confirms the signals from multiple sensors, it sends a trigger command to the No. 3 explosion suppression unit.

[0138] 2. The device completes the hole-breaking process within 8ms, forming a 10mm diameter hole in the battery module casing.

[0139] 3. Perfluorohexanone is injected into the module in the form of atomization, reaching the designed concentration within 2 seconds.

[0140] 4. The system records show that the total time from alarm to suppression was 3.2 seconds, and the battery module temperature dropped to 45℃.

[0141] 5. Replacing the damaged unit afterwards took 5 minutes and did not affect the normal operation of adjacent units.

[0142] Results Verification: Thermal runaway was successfully contained within a single module, preventing the complete destruction of the battery compartment, which is worth 2 million yuan, and minimizing power outage losses.

[0143] Example 2

[0144] Electric vehicle accident rescue applications:

[0145] Application scenario: In a rear-end collision on a highway, the battery pack of an electric vehicle chassis is squeezed and deformed, the BMS reports an insulation fault, and the temperature of the battery pack casing is detected at 80°C with smoke escaping.

[0146] System configuration: Deployment method: handheld rescue device, integrated into the fire truck's dedicated equipment compartment; Device parameters: total weight 12kg, length 850mm, high-pressure gas cylinder pressure 28MPa; Extinguishing medium: perfluorohexanone and inert gas mixture, storage tank volume 1.2L.

[0147] Rescue procedure:

[0148] 1. Firefighters used an infrared thermal imager to determine the hottest area of ​​the battery pack (near the back seat).

[0149] 2. Select a location 30mm away from the pressure relief valve on the side of the battery pack as the puncture point.

[0150] 3. With the device pressed firmly against the casing, the operator presses the trigger button.

[0151] A 9mm diameter hole is formed within 4.10ms, and all media injection is completed within 1.5 seconds.

[0152] 5. Monitoring showed that the battery pack temperature continued to decrease, and no open flame occurred.

[0153] 6. Subsequent water cooling confirmed that there was no reignition.

[0154] Rescue results: The total time from equipment retrieval to completion of the operation was 4 minutes, avoiding total vehicle loss and potential personal injury, and preserving approximately 60% of the vehicle's value.

[0155] Example 3

[0156] Emergency applications of chemical reaction vessels:

[0157] Application scenario: Due to a cooling system malfunction, the temperature and pressure of a polymerization reactor in a chemical plant rise sharply, posing an explosion hazard. A terminator needs to be injected immediately.

[0158] System configuration: Deployment method: Fixed installation on the periphery of the reactor, with the nozzle aimed at the upper gas phase space of the reactor body; Device parameters: High-pressure gas cylinder pressure 32MPa, plug generator is made of special alloy steel; Processing medium: Polymerization reaction terminator, storage tank volume 2L.

[0159] Handling process:

[0160] 1. The DCS system in the central control room detects that the temperature of the reactor exceeds the safety threshold and automatically activates the emergency procedure.

[0161] 2. Select a point 150mm away from the manhole on the top of the vessel as the injection point, avoiding the internal stirring device.

[0162] 3. The device penetrates the 15mm thick stainless steel vessel wall within 12ms, forming a channel with a diameter of 11mm.

[0163] 4. The terminator rapidly vaporizes and diffuses under the pressure difference inside the vessel.

[0164] The temperature of the reactor stopped rising within 5.3 seconds and began to drop after 5 seconds.

[0165] 6. The pressure safety valve did not trip, and the production process was not interrupted.

[0166] Economic benefits: It averted a major safety accident, protected production equipment worth 5 million yuan, and prevented a daily loss of 1 million yuan caused by a complete factory shutdown.

[0167] This application has the following significant advantages over the prior art:

[0168] (1) Breakthrough improvement in aperture: Traditional focused jet: aperture 1-3mm; This application: aperture 8-12mm.

[0169] Effects: The extinguishing agent injection flow rate is increased by 5-8 times, and the flow resistance is reduced by 80%.

[0170] (2) Significantly improved response speed: Traditional mechanical puncture: more than 500ms; This application: puncture completed in <10ms.

[0171] Effect: Response time is reduced by 98%, meeting the requirements of the golden rescue time.

[0172] (3) Comprehensive improvement in safety: Overpenetration risk: 70% lower than that of shaped jet; Operational safety: No explosives, no sparks generated; Environmental adaptability: Operating temperature range -20℃ to 60℃.

[0173] (4) Significantly improved economic efficiency: cost per treatment: RMB 2,000-5,000 for traditional methods, RMB 800-1,200 for this application; equipment investment: 60% lower than imported focused jet equipment; maintenance cost: modular design reduces maintenance time by 70%.

[0174] (5) Significantly enhanced reliability: Success rate of hole breaking: 99.2% in laboratory tests; Equipment lifespan: Core components can be reused more than 1,000 times; Environmental adaptability: Certified with IP67 protection level.

[0175] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

Claims

1. A method for rapid opening and media injection of a large aperture in a confined space, characterized in that, The method includes: The system performs a self-test and confirms that it is in a ready state. Furthermore, the output ends of the system's impact hammer generation module and medium injection module are positioned to align with the predetermined puncture position on the target container shell. The system controller receives a trigger command and activates the electric explosion valve or the ultra-high speed solenoid valve to release the high-pressure gas-driven piston. The high-pressure gas-driven piston compresses the incompressible liquid working medium in the working medium chamber, generating a high-pressure liquid flow. The high-pressure liquid flow impacts the plug generator with a large cone angle design, causing it to collapse within a short period of time to form a high-speed metal pestle. The high-speed metal pestle impacts the predetermined puncture position on the outer shell of the target container, forming a channel of a predetermined diameter through shearing action. After the channel is formed, the system controller issues a command to open the injection valve, so that the pre-stored treatment medium in the medium storage tank is injected into the sealed space through the channel under the pressure difference.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The trigger command comes from the battery management system (BMS), distributed control system (DCS), fire alarm control panel, or manual operation button.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The selection of the predetermined puncture location is based on a prior analysis of the structural mechanical properties and internal spatial layout of the target container.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, After the step of injecting the medium into the confined space through the channel, a reset step is also included: replacing the high-pressure gas cylinder that provides energy for the method and the plug generator, and replenishing the medium storage tank with the treatment medium.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plunger generator is a cone or hemispherical shape with a large cone angle, and the cone angle is 120° to 140°.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The incompressible liquid working medium is deionized water.

7. A system for rapid opening and media injection of a large aperture in a confined space, used to implement the method described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The system has an integrated structure, including: The energy supply and drive module includes a high-pressure gas cylinder, a gas regulator, an electric explosion valve or an ultra-high-speed solenoid valve, and a cylinder and a piston, which are sequentially connected through a high-pressure gas pipeline. The energy supply and drive module drives the impact pestle generating module through the piston and cylinder mechanism. The gas output from the high-pressure gas cylinder enters the cylinder through the electric explosion valve or ultra-high-speed solenoid valve, which pushes the piston to move and compresses the liquid working medium in the liquid working medium chamber. The impact piston generating module includes a liquid working fluid chamber connected to the output end of the electric explosion valve or the ultra-high speed solenoid valve, and a piston generator composed of a large cone-angle metal cover disposed at the outlet of the liquid working fluid chamber. The medium storage and injection module includes a medium storage tank and an injection valve, wherein the outlet flow channel of the injection valve and the ejection channel of the plunger generator are aligned side by side with the same target area. The control and triggering module is electrically connected to the electric explosion valve or ultra-high speed solenoid valve and the injection valve, and is used to send trigger commands and control their opening and closing sequence.

8. The system as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The control and triggering module includes a system controller and a sensor system. The sensor system is used to monitor the system pressure and status, and provide feedback to the system controller to confirm that the system is in a ready state, and to trigger the injection of medium according to the pressure change after the hole is broken.

9. The system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The system can be handheld, fixed-installation, or integrated with a mobile platform.

Images