Repose angle measuring device for detecting structural attenuation of loess and measuring method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of repose angle measuring devices, in particular to a repose angle measuring device for detecting loess structural attenuation and a measuring method of the repose angle measuring device. The device mainly comprises a supporting frame, and a lifting cylinder structure and a detection module which are mounted on the supporting frame. The lifting cylinder structure is composed of a base plate and a cylindrical side wall capable of descending at a constant speed and used for forming a loess accumulation body. And the detection module collects an accumulation body image by using a camera and a light supplementing lamp which are orthogonally arranged, and the computer analyzes the accumulation body image to obtain a repose angle. A controllable axis compression component is further integrated, and the soil sample can be quantitatively compressed to simulate different engineering disturbances, so that the accurate quantification and evaluation of the loess structural attenuation process are realized. The device is simple in structure, convenient to operate and accurate and visual in measurement result, and provides an effective technical means for geological disaster prevention and control in the loess area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of angle of repose measurement devices, and in particular to an angle of repose measurement device and method for detecting the structural attenuation of loess. Background Technology

[0002] Loess, a unique Quaternary sediment, is widely distributed in Northwest and North my country. Its unique porous structure and weak cementation characteristics make the Loess Plateau a region prone to geological disasters. In recent years, with the accelerated development of infrastructure construction in western China, the scale of engineering projects in the Loess Plateau region has been continuously expanding, leading to a significant increase in geological disasters such as loess landslides, subsidence, and slope instability caused by structural attenuation. Statistical data shows that approximately 68% of engineering geological disasters in the Loess Plateau region are directly related to structural attenuation. This attenuation process is often characterized by its insidious, gradual, and sudden nature, posing a significant challenge to disaster early warning and prevention. Currently, domestic and international scholars mainly use a combination of indoor experiments and field monitoring to study loess structural attenuation. These methods generally have limitations such as complex equipment, long cycles, high costs, complex data interpretation, and difficulty in field implementation. In particular, they lack sensitivity to microstructural changes in the early stages of attenuation, making early warning impossible.

[0003] The angle of repose is the angle between the slope and the horizontal plane of a granular material in its natural deposition state. As a classic parameter characterizing the stability of bulk materials, the angle of repose reflects the flowability and internal friction characteristics of granular materials. For loess, the size of the angle of repose is closely related to its structure and has unique advantages in evaluating loess structure. When loess has good structure, the cementation between its internal particles is strong, and the friction and interlocking forces between particles are large, resulting in a large angle of repose. Conversely, when loess structure deteriorates, the cementation between its internal particles weakens, and the friction and interlocking forces between particles decrease, leading to a corresponding decrease in the angle of repose. Therefore, measuring the angle of repose of loess can indirectly reflect its structural state, providing a simple and effective method for detecting loess structural deterioration. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the problems existing in the background art by proposing a device and method for measuring the angle of repose for detecting the structural attenuation of loess, which addresses the current problems in the detection of loess structural attenuation.

[0005] On the one hand, this application proposes a device for measuring the angle of repose to detect the structural attenuation of loess, including a support frame, and further comprising: The lifting cylinder structure and the detection module for measuring the stop angle of the loess inside the lifting cylinder structure; The lifting cylinder structure includes a chassis fixedly installed on a support frame and a cylindrical sidewall slidably installed on the support frame and sealed to the chassis. A lifting machine is fixedly installed on the support frame, and the output shaft of the lifting machine is fixedly connected to the cylindrical sidewall. The detection module includes two cameras fixedly mounted on a support frame and orthogonally arranged. A supplementary light is fixedly mounted on the support frame between the two cameras. A computer is mounted on the support frame to analyze the information collected by the cameras.

[0006] Optionally, the chassis is a horizontally placed circular plate made of stainless steel with a thickness of 5-15mm, and the surface of the chassis is flat and smooth.

[0007] Optionally, the elevator is equipped with a speed controller, and the elevator drives the cylindrical sidewall to descend at a specified speed.

[0008] Optionally, the camera has a resolution of at least 10,000 pixels and a frame rate of at least 10 frames per second.

[0009] Optionally, the support frame is equipped with a controllable axial compression component for controlling the disturbance of the soil sample.

[0010] Optionally, the controllable axial compression component includes a guide rod fixedly installed on the support frame and a lifting block slidably installed on the guide rod. The lifting block is fixedly installed with a counterweight plate via a connecting rod. The support frame is equipped with a drive mechanism for controlling the up and down movement of the lifting block and a positioning component for detecting whether the counterweight plate is in contact with the soil sample.

[0011] Optionally, the driving mechanism includes a first cylinder fixedly mounted on a support frame, a first sealing plate slidably mounted inside the first cylinder, and a driving rod fixedly mounted on the first sealing plate. The driving rod is fixedly connected to the lifting block. A second cylinder is fixedly mounted on the support frame, and a second sealing plate is slidably mounted inside the second cylinder. A push rod motor is fixedly mounted on the second cylinder, and the output shaft of the push rod motor is fixedly connected to the second sealing plate.

[0012] Optionally, the upper and lower ends of the first cylinder and the second cylinder are connected by a first pipe and a second pipe, respectively, and the first pipe, the second pipe, the first cylinder and the second cylinder are all filled with a transmission medium.

[0013] Optionally, the positioning component includes an air cushion fixedly mounted on a counterweight plate, a pressure sensor fixedly mounted on the counterweight plate to monitor the internal air pressure of the air cushion, an electrically controlled valve fixedly mounted on the second pipe, the pressure sensor controlling the opening degree of the electrically controlled valve, a distance sensor fixedly mounted on the counterweight plate, and a reference ring fixedly mounted on the support frame with its top surface coplanar with the top surface of the chassis.

[0014] On the other hand, this application proposes a measurement method for detecting the structural attenuation of loess, applied to the aforementioned device for measuring the angle of repose of loess structural attenuation, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Check and calibrate the device to ensure it is level and stable, and load the prepared loess sample into the cylindrical space consisting of the base and cylindrical sidewalls; Step 2: Activate the controllable axial compression component and use the counterweight plate to initially compact the soil sample inside the cylindrical sidewall to eliminate differences in filling tightness and ensure that all samples have a uniform and dense initial state. Record the height of the compacted soil sample. Step 3: According to the experimental requirements, control the controllable axis compression component to compress the soil sample at different amplitudes, such as light, medium or heavy compression, in order to accurately simulate the different degrees of engineering disturbances experienced by loess. Step 4: Control the cylindrical sidewall to descend at a uniform speed, allowing the soil to flow naturally under gravity and form a conical mound on the chassis. During this process, lighting is provided by supplementary lights, and two orthogonal cameras simultaneously capture images of the mound's shape and transmit them to the computer. Step 5: The computer analyzes the image and automatically calculates the angle of repose of the soil mound. By comparing the changes in the angle of repose of undisturbed soil and soil samples with different degrees of disturbance, the degree of structural attenuation of loess is quantitatively determined.

[0015] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: This device can accurately simulate the loess deposition process under natural conditions and monitor the changes in the angle of repose in real time. By observing the formation process of the loess mound and measuring the angle of repose, the degree of structural attenuation of loess can be determined, providing a scientific basis for the research on rock and soil disaster prevention technology based on loess structural attenuation. This measurement technology has the advantages of simple installation and operation, high accuracy of measurement results, and straightforward comparison of conclusions for analyzing the angle of repose of loess structural attenuation. It has good social and economic benefits and engineering application prospects. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the repose angle measuring device Figure 1 ; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the repose angle measuring device Figure 2 ; Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the lifting cylinder structure; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of a controllable axis compression component Figure 1 ; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of a controllable axis compression component Figure 2 .

[0017] Reference numerals: 1. Support frame; 2. Lifting cylinder structure; 21. Chassis; 22. Cylindrical sidewall; 23. Lifting machine; 3. Detection module; 31. Camera; 32. Fill light; 33. Computer; 4. Controllable axis compression component; 41. Guide rod; 42. Lifting block; 43. Connecting rod; 44. Counterweight plate; 45. Drive mechanism; 451. First cylinder; 452. First sealing plate; 453. Drive rod; 454. Second cylinder; 455. Second sealing plate; 456. Push rod motor; 457. First pipe; 458. Second pipe; 46. Positioning component; 461. Air cushion; 462. Air pressure sensor; 463. Electrically controlled valve; 464. Distance sensor; 465. Reference ring. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solution of this application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0019] The components of the embodiments of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can typically be arranged and designed in a variety of different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the application.

[0020] Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0021] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "front end," "rear end," "both ends," "one end," and "the other end," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0022] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0023] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, the present invention proposes a device for measuring the angle of repose of loess structural attenuation, which includes a support frame 1, a lifting cylinder structure 2, and a detection module 3 for measuring the angle of repose of the loess inside the lifting cylinder structure 2. The lifting cylinder structure 2 is used to hold a soil sample, and after the soil sample is filled, the support for the soil sample is gradually removed, and the angle of repose of the soil sample is detected by the detection module 3.

[0024] Furthermore, the lifting cylinder structure 2 includes a base 21 fixedly installed on the support frame 1 and a cylindrical sidewall 22 slidably installed on the support frame 1 and sealed to the base 21. The base 21 and the cylindrical sidewall 22 together form a space for containing soil samples. During testing, the soil sample must first be placed inside this space. The base 21 is a horizontally placed circular plate made of stainless steel with a thickness of 5-15mm. The surface of the base 21 is flat and smooth. A lifting mechanism 23 is fixedly installed on the support frame 1. The output shaft of the lifting mechanism 23 is fixedly connected to the cylindrical sidewall 22. The lifting mechanism 23 is equipped with a speed controller. The elevator 23 drives the cylindrical sidewall 22 to descend at a specified speed. By controlling the cylindrical sidewall 22 to descend at a constant speed through the elevator 23, the loess sample, which was originally confined within the loading space of the cylindrical sidewall 22, begins to gradually lose the constraint of the sidewall. Under the action of gravity, the loess sample begins to flow outward and gradually accumulates to form a conical soil pile. Since the container base 21 remains stationary and the cylindrical sidewall 22 descends at a constant speed, the flow and accumulation process of the sample can be precisely controlled, thereby forming a conical soil pile with consistent shape and good stability. Furthermore, the cylindrical sidewall 22 adopts a cylindrical shape to eliminate the influence of the sidewall after the soil pile is formed.

[0025] Furthermore, the detection module 3 includes two cameras 31 fixedly mounted on the support frame 1 and orthogonally arranged. The resolution of the cameras 31 is at least 5 million pixels and the frame rate is at least 30 frames per second. A supplementary light 32 is fixedly mounted on the support frame 1 between the two cameras 31. A computer 33 is mounted on the support frame 1 to analyze the information collected by the cameras 31. By continuously capturing images of loess samples using the two orthogonal industrial cameras 31 and receiving and calculating data information through the computer 33, the change of the angle of repose can be monitored in real time. Thus, the degree of structural attenuation of loess can be determined by observing the formation process of the soil mound and measuring the angle of repose.

[0026] like Figures 2 to 5As shown, this embodiment also includes a controllable axial compression component 4 installed on the support frame 1 to control the disturbance degree of the soil sample. In the repose angle measurement device for detecting the structural attenuation of loess, the controllable axial compression component 4 transforms the abstract concept of disturbance into a physical process that can be precisely controlled, quantified, and reproduced, thereby realizing the quantitative study of the structural attenuation path of loess. Without this component, the device can only measure the two endpoints of the initial state and the completely remodeled state of loess, and cannot reveal the attenuation law between them. However, after integrating the compression component, we can simulate different degrees of engineering disturbance, such as slight compression to severe compression, on the same undisturbed soil sample by applying different axial strains, such as 1.5%, 3.5%, and 6.0%. This process not only physically destroys the pores and cementation structure of the soil, but more importantly, it makes the disturbance degree an independent variable that can be precisely defined by strain.

[0027] Therefore, the device has been upgraded from a static measuring tool to a dynamic process simulator. It can establish a quantitative relationship curve between axial strain and angle of repose, clearly revealing the attenuation rate and threshold of loess structure with increasing disturbance. This provides direct and reliable experimental evidence for scientifically assessing the impact of engineering activities on loess stability, greatly enhancing the scientific research value and engineering guidance significance of the device.

[0028] The controllable axial compression component 4 includes a guide rod 41 fixedly installed on the support frame 1 and a lifting block 42 slidably installed on the guide rod 41. The lifting block 42 is fixedly installed with a counterweight plate 44 through a connecting rod 43. When filling the cylindrical sidewall 22 with soil samples, the counterweight plate 44 is used to initially compress the soil samples, which can prepare an initial sample with high repeatability. However, because the soil sample filling tightness is inconsistent, even if the soil mass is the same each time, the initial height of the soil may be different. This leads to different compression amounts in the subsequent compression, that is, the control variable of the initial state fails. This makes it impossible to distinguish whether the change in the angle of repose is caused by the preset disturbance degree or by the uncontrollable difference in initial density. Specifically, a sample that is initially loosely packed may have a similar structure to a sample that is initially tightly packed and compressed by 3.5%, even if it is only compressed by 1.5% axially. This leads to confusion in the causal relationship of the experimental results.

[0029] In this embodiment, after the soil is directly filled into the cylindrical sidewall 22 each time, it is initially compressed by using a counterweight plate 44 of equal mass, and then compressed by a specified percentage based on the current height. This solves the above problem and creates a uniform, stable, and repeatable initial reference state. Furthermore, when axially pressurizing, the compression is performed based on the current height of the soil sample after pre-compression.

[0030] In this embodiment, a drive mechanism 45 for controlling the up-and-down movement of the lifting block 42 and a positioning component 46 for detecting whether the counterweight plate 44 is in contact with the soil sample are installed on the support frame 1. Further, the drive mechanism 45 includes a first cylinder 451 fixedly installed on the support frame 1, a first sealing plate 452 slidably installed inside the first cylinder 451, and a drive rod 453 fixedly installed on the first sealing plate 452. The drive rod 453 is fixedly connected to the lifting block 42. A second cylinder 454 is fixedly installed on the support frame 1. A second sealing plate 455 is slidably installed inside the second cylinder 454. A push rod motor 456 is fixedly installed on the second cylinder 454. The output shaft of the push rod motor 456 is fixedly connected to the second sealing plate 455. It should be noted that the upper and lower ends of the first cylinder 451 and the second cylinder 454 are connected through the first pipe 457 and the second pipe 458, respectively. The first pipe 457, the second pipe 458, the first cylinder 451 and the second cylinder 454 are all filled with a transmission medium, which is a liquid that cannot be compressed under working conditions.

[0031] When the push rod motor 456 drives the second sealing plate 455 to move downward, it can compress the transmission medium in the lower part of the second cylinder 454. The compressed transmission medium will move to the inside of the first cylinder 451 through the second pipe 458 and fill the lower part of the first cylinder 451, thereby driving the first sealing plate 452 and the drive rod 453 to move upward. This will cause the lifting block 42 to drive the counterweight plate 44 to move upward. At this time, the transmission medium inside the first cylinder 451 will enter the second cylinder 454 through the first pipe 457 and fill the upper part of the second cylinder 454. This will allow the hydraulic medium to flow between the first cylinder 451 and the second cylinder 454 and drive the lifting block 42 to move. Conversely, when the push rod motor 456 drives the second sealing plate 455 to move upward, it will drive the counterweight plate 44 to move downward.

[0032] Furthermore, to prevent the soil sample from being subjected to the dynamic impact of the downward movement of the counterweight plate 44 when it comes into contact with the soil sample during its downward movement, a positioning component 46 is provided. The positioning component 46 includes an air cushion 461 fixedly installed on the counterweight plate 44, a pressure sensor 462 fixedly installed on the counterweight plate 44 to monitor the internal air pressure of the air cushion 461, and an electrically controlled valve 463 fixedly installed on the second pipe 458. The pressure sensor 462 controls the opening of the electrically controlled valve 463. When the air cushion 461 initially contacts the soil sample, the interior of the air cushion 461 is compressed, increasing the air pressure. The pressure sensor 462 detects this change in internal air pressure and controls the opening of the electrically controlled valve 463 through the control system. A larger opening of the electrically controlled valve 463 allows for smoother flow of the transmission medium, enabling the counterweight plate 44 to move downwards quickly. Conversely, a smaller opening of the electrically controlled valve 463 results in a larger opening of the transmission medium, allowing the counterweight plate 44 to move downwards more quickly. When the opening of 63 decreases, the flow rate of the transmission medium will decrease, thereby limiting the downward movement speed of the counterweight plate 44. This ensures that the counterweight plate 44 moves down quickly while preventing it from impacting the soil sample. Furthermore, the push rod motor 456 does not have self-locking properties, meaning that when the push rod motor 456 is not powered, its output shaft can move freely. At this time, the soil sample can be pre-compressed under the gravity of the counterweight plate 44. A distance sensor 464 is fixedly installed on the counterweight plate 44, and a reference ring 465 with its top surface coplanar with the top surface of the chassis 21 is fixedly installed on the support frame 1. Through the cooperation of the distance sensor 464 and the reference ring 465, the current height of the keyway soil sample can be accurately measured. In comparative experiments, a specified percentage of compression is performed based on the current measured height. During compression, the counterweight plate 44 is moved down by the push rod motor 456 to compress the soil sample.

[0033] On the other hand, this application proposes a measurement method for detecting the structural attenuation of loess, applied to the above-mentioned angle of repose measurement device for detecting the structural attenuation of loess, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Check and calibrate the device to ensure it is level and stable, and load the prepared loess sample into the cylindrical space formed by the base plate 21 and the cylindrical sidewall 22; Step 2: Activate the controllable axis compression component 4 and use the counterweight plate 44 to initially compact the soil sample inside the cylindrical sidewall 22 to eliminate differences in filling tightness and ensure that all samples have a uniform and dense initial state. Record the height of the compacted soil sample. Step 3: According to the experimental requirements, control the controllable axis compression component 4 to compress the soil sample at different amplitudes, such as light, medium or heavy compression, in order to accurately simulate the different degrees of engineering disturbances experienced by the loess. Step 4: Control the cylindrical sidewall 22 to descend at a uniform speed, so that the soil flows naturally under the action of gravity and forms a conical mound on the chassis 21. During this process, the supplementary light 32 provides illumination, and two orthogonal cameras 31 simultaneously capture images of the mound shape and transmit them to the computer 33. Step 5: The computer analyzes the image and automatically calculates the angle of repose of the soil mound. By comparing the changes in the angle of repose of undisturbed soil and soil samples with different degrees of disturbance, the degree of structural attenuation of loess is quantitatively determined.

[0034] In this embodiment, firstly, the loess sample is filled into the space enclosed by the base 21 and the cylindrical sidewall 22. If the effect of disturbance needs to be studied, the soil sample is quantitatively compressed by the controllable axial compression component 4 to simulate different degrees of disturbance. Subsequently, the elevator 23 pulls down the cylindrical sidewall 22 at a constant speed, removing the lateral constraints. Under the action of gravity, the soil flows naturally on the base 21 to form a conical mound. During this process, the supplementary light 32 provides illumination, and two orthogonal cameras 31 simultaneously capture images of the mound morphology and transmit them to the computer 33. Finally, the computer 33 accurately calculates the angle of repose using image processing technology, and quantitatively evaluates the degree of structural attenuation of the loess by comparing the angles of repose of samples in different states.

Claims

1. A device for measuring the angle of repose of loess structural attenuation, comprising a support frame (1), characterized in that, Also includes: The lifting cylinder structure (2) and the detection module (3) for measuring the stop angle of the loess inside the lifting cylinder structure (2); The lifting cylinder structure (2) includes a chassis (21) fixedly installed on a support frame (1) and a cylindrical sidewall (22) slidably installed on the support frame (1) and sealed to the chassis (21). A lifting machine (23) is fixedly installed on the support frame (1), and the output shaft of the lifting machine (23) is fixedly connected to the cylindrical sidewall (22). The detection module (3) includes two cameras (31) fixedly installed on the support frame (1) and orthogonally arranged. A fill light (32) is fixedly installed on the support frame (1) and located between the two cameras (31). A computer (33) is installed on the support frame (1) to analyze the information collected by the cameras (31).

2. The device for measuring the angle of repose for detecting the structural attenuation of loess according to claim 1, characterized in that, The chassis (21) is a horizontally placed circular plate made of stainless steel with a thickness of 5-15mm. The surface of the chassis (21) is flat and smooth.

3. The device for measuring the angle of repose for detecting the structural attenuation of loess according to claim 2, characterized in that, The elevator (23) is equipped with a speed controller, and the elevator (23) drives the cylindrical sidewall (22) to descend at a specified speed.

4. The device for measuring the angle of repose for detecting the structural attenuation of loess according to claim 3, characterized in that, The camera (31) has a resolution of at least 5 megapixels and a frame rate of at least 30 frames per second.

5. The device for measuring the angle of repose for detecting the structural attenuation of loess according to claim 4, characterized in that, The support frame (1) is equipped with a controllable axial compression component (4) for controlling the disturbance of the soil sample.

6. The device for measuring the angle of repose for detecting the structural attenuation of loess according to claim 5, characterized in that, The controllable axis compression component (4) includes a guide rod (41) fixedly installed on the support frame (1) and a lifting block (42) slidably installed on the guide rod (41). The lifting block (42) is fixedly installed with a counterweight plate (44) via a connecting rod (43). The support frame (1) is equipped with a drive mechanism (45) for controlling the up and down movement of the lifting block (42) and a positioning component (46) for detecting whether the counterweight plate (44) is in contact with the soil sample.

7. The device for measuring the angle of repose for detecting the structural attenuation of loess according to claim 6, characterized in that, The drive mechanism (45) includes a first cylinder (451) fixedly installed on the support frame (1), a first sealing plate (452) slidably installed inside the first cylinder (451), and a drive rod (453) fixedly installed on the first sealing plate (452). The drive rod (453) is fixedly connected to the lifting block (42). A second cylinder (454) is fixedly installed on the support frame (1). A second sealing plate (455) is slidably installed inside the second cylinder (454). A push rod motor (456) is fixedly installed on the second cylinder (454). The output shaft of the push rod motor (456) is fixedly connected to the second sealing plate (455).

8. The device for measuring the angle of repose for detecting the structural attenuation of loess according to claim 7, characterized in that, The upper and lower ends of the first cylinder (451) and the second cylinder (454) are connected by the first pipe (457) and the second pipe (458) respectively. The first pipe (457), the second pipe (458), the first cylinder (451) and the second cylinder (454) are all filled with transmission medium.

9. The device for measuring the angle of repose for detecting the structural attenuation of loess according to claim 8, characterized in that, The positioning component (46) includes an air cushion (461) fixedly installed on a counterweight plate (44), a pressure sensor (462) for monitoring the internal air pressure of the air cushion (461) fixedly installed on the counterweight plate (44), an electrically controlled valve (463) fixedly installed on the second pipe (458), the pressure sensor (462) controlling the opening of the electrically controlled valve (463), a distance sensor (464) fixedly installed on the counterweight plate (44), and a reference ring (465) whose top surface is coplanar with the top surface of the chassis (21) fixedly installed on the support frame (1).

10. A method for measuring the structural attenuation of loess, applied to the angle of repose measuring device for detecting the structural attenuation of loess as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Check and calibrate the device to ensure it is level and stable, and load the prepared loess sample into the cylindrical space consisting of the base plate (21) and the cylindrical sidewall (22); Step 2: Start the controllable axis compression component (4), use the counterweight plate (44) to initially compact the soil sample inside the cylindrical sidewall (22) to eliminate the difference in filling tightness, ensure that all samples have a uniform and dense initial state, and record the height of the compacted soil sample; Step 3: According to the experimental requirements, control the controllable axis compression component (4) to compress the soil sample at different amplitudes, such as light, medium or heavy compression, in order to accurately simulate the different degrees of engineering disturbances experienced by the loess. Step 4: Control the cylindrical sidewall (22) to descend at a uniform speed, so that the soil flows naturally under the action of gravity and forms a conical mound on the chassis (21). During this process, the supplementary light (32) provides illumination, and two orthogonal cameras (31) simultaneously capture images of the mound shape and transmit them to the computer (33). Step 5: The computer (33) analyzes the image and automatically calculates the angle of repose of the soil pile. By comparing the changes in the angle of repose of the undisturbed soil and soil samples with different degrees of disturbance, the degree of structural attenuation of the loess is quantitatively determined.

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