Water pollution real-time detection and analysis method and system

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of water pollution monitoring, and discloses a water pollution real-time detection and analysis method and system. The method comprises the following steps: screening out an effective detection element by utilizing a purified water sample; detecting the to-be-detected water sample by using the effective detection element to obtain a first detection result; and when the first detection result is greater than the water quality standard threshold value, applying a preset calibration parameter to the first detection result to generate a second detection result, comparing the second detection result with the water quality standard threshold value to determine a normal detection result or an abnormal detection result, and generating an analysis report. According to the invention, the detection elements are screened, the preset deviation threshold is dynamically calculated, and the detection result is calibrated, so that the detection accuracy and the system stability are improved, and the false alarm rate is reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of water pollution monitoring, and particularly relates to a water pollution real-time detection analysis method and system. BACKGROUND

[0002] Water quality monitoring is a key link in environmental protection, industrial safety production and urban public health management. With the development of the Internet of Things and sensing technology, automatic and real-time water quality monitoring using various sensors deployed in water bodies has become a mainstream technical means. Real-time water quality monitoring provides an important data basis for early warning of sudden pollution events, assessment of water self-purification capacity, and tracing of pollution sources, and can ensure water resource safety and sustainable use.

[0003] The existing water quality real-time monitoring technology analyzes monitoring data by transmitting all the massive raw data collected by front-end sensors to the cloud or data center for centralized analysis. This not only causes great pressure on network bandwidth, but also affects the real-time response capability of monitoring due to the inherent network delay of data transmission. The existing water quality real-time monitoring technology uses a judgment logic based on a single parameter threshold, which is difficult to handle the complex composition of pollutants in water. In addition, the interaction between pollutants may cause some abnormal indicators to be masked or produce misleading readings, which weakens the reliability of water quality assessment.

[0004] Therefore, there is a need for a water pollution real-time detection analysis method and system to improve the accuracy and timeliness of pollution event identification in complex water environments and achieve more efficient, reliable and intelligent water quality monitoring. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a water pollution real-time detection analysis method and system that can reduce mutual interference between detection devices and improve the accuracy of detection results.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the application, the technical solution adopted by the present application is as follows: A water pollution real-time detection analysis method, comprising the following steps: inputting purified water samples to at least two groups of detection elements to obtain reference output values; determining the detection elements with an absolute value of the reference output value greater than a preset deviation threshold as interference detection elements, and determining the detection elements not determined as interference detection elements as valid detection elements; when the first detection result obtained from the valid detection elements for the water sample to be tested is greater than a water quality standard threshold, performing: applying a preset calibration parameter to the first detection result to generate a second detection result; comparing the second detection result with the water quality standard threshold to determine a normal detection result or an abnormal detection result; The preset deviation threshold is dynamically calculated based on a plurality of historical reference output values obtained in historical tests, and the calculation comprises: for all detection elements, calculating an average reference output value and a fluctuation value based on the plurality of historical reference output values; and obtaining the preset deviation threshold by weighted calculation according to the average reference output value and the fluctuation value.

[0007] Preferably, the water sample after the purification treatment is prepared by sequentially adding a coagulant and an oxidant as a purification agent into the water sample to be tested, so that the impurities and organic pollutants in the water sample to be tested are separated and settled, and the oxygen in the water is released, thereby obtaining the water sample after the purification treatment.

[0008] Preferably, when the first detection result is less than or equal to the water quality standard threshold, a determination result that the water sample is qualified is output.

[0009] Preferably, the method further comprises: recording the abnormal detection result as a warning parameter; and merging the normal detection result and the warning parameter to generate an analysis report.

[0010] A water pollution real-time detection and analysis system comprises the following modules: A data acquisition module for acquiring detection output values from at least two groups of detection elements; A unit screening module for screening effective detection elements by comparing reference output values of the water sample after the purification treatment acquired by the data acquisition module with a preset deviation threshold; A water quality determination module for determining a normal detection result or an abnormal detection result in response to a first detection result of the water sample to be tested acquired from the effective detection elements; A report generation module for generating an analysis report based on the normal detection result and the abnormal detection result determined by the water quality determination module.

[0011] Preferably, when the first detection result is greater than the water quality standard threshold, the water quality determination module is configured to: apply a preset calibration parameter to the first detection result to generate a second detection result; and compare the second detection result with the water quality standard threshold to determine the normal detection result or the abnormal detection result.

[0012] Preferably, the water quality determination module is further configured to output a determination result that the water sample is qualified when the first detection result is less than or equal to the water quality standard threshold.

[0013] Preferably, the report generation module is further configured to record the abnormal detection result as a warning parameter and merge the normal detection result and the warning parameter to generate an analysis report. Advantages

[0014] The water pollution real-time detection analysis method provided by the application inputs the purified water sample to each detection element to obtain a reference output value before detecting the water sample to be detected, and compares the reference output value with a preset deviation threshold to screen out effective detection elements, thereby improving detection accuracy and system stability. By setting the pre-screening step at the initial stage of the detection process, detection elements with data deviation caused by equipment aging, performance drift or environmental factor interference are identified and excluded, ensuring the data acquisition quality for subsequent actual water sample detection.

[0015] In the application, the preset deviation threshold for screening interference detection elements is dynamically calculated based on historical reference output values. By calculating the average reference output value and the fluctuation value and performing weighted calculation to generate the preset deviation threshold, compared with a fixed threshold, the dynamically calculated preset deviation threshold can be self-adjusted according to the long-term performance of the detection elements, adapt to the decay of equipment performance or changes in the environment, ensure the effectiveness of the screening standard, and improve the robustness of the water pollution real-time detection analysis system during long-term operation.

[0016] The application adopts a hierarchical calibration mechanism. When the first detection result output by the effective detection element is greater than the water quality standard threshold, a second detection result is generated using a preset calibration parameter, and the second detection result is compared with the water quality standard threshold to realize fine evaluation of the water quality and improve the reliability of the early warning. By introducing the calibration link, the method can filter correctable over-standard readings, thereby reducing the false positive rate and making the generated early warning parameters have stronger directionality and decision reference value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is a method flowchart for determining whether the detection element is effective; Figure 2 is a method flowchart for detecting water pollution by the effective detection element. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the application clearer, the application will be further described in detail below with specific examples. It should be understood that the specific examples described herein are only used to explain the application and do not limit the protection scope of the application.

[0019] Example 1: Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The embodiment provides a water pollution real-time detection analysis method, comprising the following steps: At least two groups of detection elements are obtained, each group of detection elements including at least one detection element with a unique number, in the embodiment, the detection element is an electrochemical sensor for measuring the concentration of a specific chemical substance or an optical sensor for measuring the turbidity of water, the detection element can detect heavy metal ions, ammonia nitrogen or chemical oxygen demand and other target pollutants in water based on its own detection item, and a string of unique alphanumeric identifiers of each detection element is used as a unique number to ensure that the state and historical data of all detection elements can be accurately tracked and managed throughout the data processing process.

[0020] Further, reference calibration is performed on all obtained detection elements, the reference calibration is used to determine the initial state deviation of the detection element, and the reference calibration step includes: inputting a water sample after purification treatment to all detection elements, the water sample does not contain the target pollutant to be measured, so any non-zero reading generated by any detection element can be attributed to its inherent deviation or current environmental electromagnetic interference, recording the detection output value output by all detection elements this time, and defining the detection output value as the reference output value of the detection element, the reference output value reflects the inherent deviation of the detection element or the current environmental interference, which is used for subsequent effectiveness screening.

[0021] Specifically, in the embodiment, the water sample after purification treatment can be pure water obtained through reverse osmosis, distillation and other steps, or a pure and interference-free water sample can be obtained as a zero reference through the preparation step of the water sample after purification treatment, the step of preparing the water sample after purification treatment includes: obtaining a water sample to be measured, and removing suspended solid particles and impurities in the water body by using a microporous filter for physical filtration to obtain a preliminary purified water body; gradually adding a coagulant such as polyaluminum chloride as a purification agent to the preliminary purified water body and stirring until the colloidal impurities that are difficult to remove by filtration are destabilized and aggregated to form flocculation bodies; after completing the stirring, the preliminary purified water body is subjected to flocculation and sedimentation, the flocculation bodies formed by standing are settled under the action of gravity, thereby obtaining a water body after sedimentation containing supernatant; the supernatant of the water body after sedimentation is removed to obtain a purified water body from which inorganic impurities are removed; and in order to eliminate the interference that may be caused by soluble organic pollutants, an oxidizing agent such as hydrogen peroxide solution is gradually added to the purified water body until no bubbles are generated in the purified water body, the organic pollutants in the water are decomposed by oxidation, and the oxygen in the water is released to further improve the purity of the water body, thereby finally obtaining the water sample after purification treatment for establishing the reference.

[0022] Further, the screening of effective detection elements is performed, the absolute value of the reference output value corresponding to each detection element is compared with a preset deviation threshold value set for the detection element, the preset deviation threshold value is used to judge whether the detection element is stable in the reference calibration, if the absolute value of the reference output value is greater than the preset deviation threshold value, it indicates that the current state of the detection element has deviated from its normal working range, the detection element may be subjected to instantaneous strong interference or internal failure, therefore, the detection element is determined as an interference detection element and is temporarily excluded from the current detection task and does not participate in the subsequent formal detection, all detection elements which are not determined as interference detection elements are screened out as effective detection elements for the formal detection of the subsequent water sample to be detected, so as to ensure that only the detection elements with stable state participate in the actual detection and guarantee the accuracy of the final detection result, in order to make the screening process self-adaptive to the performance drift of the detection elements due to long-term use, the preset deviation threshold value is dynamically calculated according to a set of preset rules.

[0023] Specifically, the preset deviation threshold value corresponding to each detection element is calculated based on a plurality of historical reference output values stored for all detection elements, and the calculation steps of the preset deviation threshold value include: calling a plurality of historical reference output values stored by a specific detection element, calculating the arithmetic mean of the historical data to obtain an average reference output value; calculating the absolute value of the difference between all historical reference output values and the average reference output value, and summing all calculated absolute values to obtain a fluctuation value reflecting the dispersion degree of the readings of the detection element, the fluctuation value is used to quantify the dispersion degree of the historical readings of the unit; the absolute value of the average reference output value is added to the product of the fluctuation value multiplied by a preset weight coefficient, and the sum obtained is the preset deviation threshold value of the detection element for the current task, the preset weight coefficient in the present example is a floating point number between 0.1 and 2.0, and the specific value of the preset weight coefficient is determined according to statistical analysis of historical data, and the preset weight coefficient can adjust the influence weight of the fluctuation value in the threshold calculation.

[0024] Further, the detection and preliminary judgment are performed, the water sample to be detected is input to all effective detection elements screened in the previous step, the uncalibrated original detection output values directly output by all effective detection elements are obtained and recorded, and the detection output values are defined as first detection results, the first detection results are compared with a preset water quality standard threshold value, the water quality standard threshold value is a legal upper limit of pollutant concentration preset according to relevant environmental regulations or specific industrial application scenarios, if the first detection result is less than or equal to the water quality standard threshold value, it indicates that the concentration of the target pollutant in the water sample to be detected is within an acceptable range, and a judgment result that the water sample is qualified is directly output.

[0025] Further, if the first detection result is greater than the water quality standard threshold, it indicates that the water sample may be unqualified. At this time, in order to exclude the influence of the inherent and correctable bias of the detection element on the reading, a calibration review procedure is started. The calibration review procedure applies the preset calibration parameter to the first detection result to correct the first detection result, so as to exclude the correctable bias to generate the second detection result. The calibration review procedure here is a software correction at the data level.

[0026] Specifically, the calibration review procedure includes: retrieving the corresponding preset calibration parameter for software correction from the storage associated with the unique number of the effective detection element. The preset calibration parameter can be a correction coefficient or a compensation value. If the preset calibration parameter is a correction coefficient represented by a multiplication factor, the first detection result is multiplied by the correction coefficient. If it is a compensation value represented by an addition or subtraction bias, addition or subtraction operation is performed on the basis of the first detection result. By performing the above preset arithmetic operation, the adjusted detection result is obtained, and the adjusted detection result is defined as the second detection result.

[0027] Further, the second detection result is compared with the water quality standard threshold again. If the second detection result is less than or equal to the water quality standard threshold, it indicates that the initial over-standard reading is caused by correctable bias. The result after calibration is qualified. The second detection result is defined as the normal detection result. Otherwise, if the second detection result is still greater than the water quality standard threshold after calibration, it is confirmed that the water sample has pollution over-standard problem. The second detection result is defined as the abnormal detection result. It is confirmed that the water sample has pollution over-standard, and the second detection result is recorded as a warning parameter for triggering subsequent emergency response process.

[0028] Further, all normal detection results and abnormal detection results generated in the detection process are merged and an analysis report for real-time analysis is generated. This step specifically includes: integrating the normal detection results and abnormal detection results containing time stamp, unique number of detection element, original detection value, calibrated value and final determination conclusion into unified JSON or XML data format, so as to ensure the consistency of data and the interoperability of subsequent processing. Based on these format-unified data, visual data output is generated. Specifically, the visual data output includes: real-time drawing of time series curve graph of target pollutant concentration, or generation of periodic analysis report containing statistical chart. In the visual data output, all data points determined as abnormal detection results are highlighted with special visual markers using different colors or shapes. Through dynamic screening of the detection element and preliminary determination and hierarchical calibration analysis of the detection result, the influence of individual differences of the equipment and environmental interference on the detection result is reduced, and the accuracy and reliability of real-time detection of water pollution are improved.

[0029] Embodiment two: the embodiment provides a water pollution real-time detection and analysis system, which can reduce the false positive rate caused by instantaneous interference or performance drift of the detection element by dynamically screening the detection element and calibrating the preliminary over-standard detection result, thereby improving the detection accuracy and reliability.

[0030] The system can be embodied as an electronic device, such as a server deployed in a monitoring center, an industrial control computer embedded in a water quality monitoring station, or a dedicated data processing terminal. The electronic device includes a processor and a memory, and the memory stores a computer program executed by the processor.

[0031] The system includes the following modules: The data acquisition module is responsible for communicating with at least two groups of detection elements deployed in the water body to be measured to acquire detection output values in real time. The detection elements can be an array of detection elements for measuring chemical oxygen demand, biochemical oxygen demand, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, pH value, or turbidity. The data acquisition module acquires different types of detection output values in different working modes: in the unit screening mode, when the detection element is input with purified water sample, the module acquires the output of each detection element as the reference output value; in the regular monitoring mode, when the detection element directly measures the water sample to be measured, the module acquires the output as the first detection result.

[0032] The unit screening module identifies and screens effective detection elements with stable state and reliable readings for subsequent water quality determination. The module receives the reference output values of the purified water sample collected by the data acquisition module. Since the pollutant content of the purified water sample is extremely low, the ideal detection element output should be close to zero or a stable minimum value. The unit screening module compares the absolute value of all reference output values with a preset deviation threshold. If the absolute value of the reference output value of a detection element is greater than the preset deviation threshold, it is determined that the detection element is currently contaminated, aged, or subject to electromagnetic interference, and it is marked as a disturbed detection element and temporarily disabled. If it is not determined as a disturbed detection element, it is determined as an effective detection element in the current monitoring period.

[0033] To improve the adaptive ability of screening, the preset deviation threshold is dynamically calculated. The module stores and analyzes the historical reference output values of all detection elements. Before each screening, for all detection elements, based on their multiple historical reference output values, the average reference output value is calculated to reflect its inherent baseline, and the standard deviation or variance is calculated as the fluctuation value to reflect its historical stability. According to the average reference output value and the fluctuation value, the preset deviation threshold specific to the detection element is obtained through weighted calculation. The calculation method of the preset deviation threshold can be: preset deviation threshold = average value + k* fluctuation value, where k is the weight coefficient.

[0034] The purified water sample used for screening in this embodiment can be prepared by a system-controlled pretreatment unit. The unit adds coagulants such as polyaluminum chloride and oxidants such as hydrogen peroxide into the sampled water sample to be tested in a preset order and dosage. Through stirring and standing, impurities and organic pollutants in the water sample to be tested are flocculated, oxidized, and separated and settled, and oxygen in the water is released to eliminate some interfering substances, thereby obtaining a purified water sample for benchmark calibration and screening.

[0035] The water quality determination module is the core of water quality analysis and decision-making, and only receives and processes the first detection results from the unit screening module confirmed as valid detection elements. The module first compares the obtained first detection results with the water quality standard threshold corresponding to the corresponding pollutants. If the first detection result is less than or equal to the water quality standard threshold, the module directly determines that the water quality meets the standard and outputs the determination result that the water sample is qualified.

[0036] If the first detection result is greater than the water quality standard threshold, the water quality determination module does not immediately determine that the water quality exceeds the standard, but starts a secondary calibration judgment process. The preset calibration parameters for the detection element are applied to the first detection result to generate a second detection result. The preset calibration parameters can be a correction coefficient, a compensation value, or a more complex nonlinear correction function derived based on historical calibration data of the detection element. The purpose is to compensate for the systematic deviation of the detection element. The generated second detection result is compared with the water quality standard threshold again. If the second detection result is less than or equal to the water quality standard threshold, it is determined that the initial over-standard is caused by systematic deviation, and the final detection result is normal. If the second detection result is still greater than the water quality standard threshold, it is confirmed that the water quality indeed exceeds the standard, and the final detection result is abnormal.

[0037] The report generation module is responsible for summarizing, arranging, and generating the final analysis report of the output results of the water quality determination module. The module receives normal detection results, abnormal detection results, and determination results that the water sample is qualified. When receiving an abnormal detection result, the module will record it as a warning parameter. The warning parameter can include detailed information such as timestamp, pollutant type, over-standard value, and involved valid detection element number. The report generation module merges all normal detection results and warning parameters within a period of time to generate a comprehensive analysis report. The report can be presented in the form of a data table, a trend curve graph, or a state dashboard, providing environmental regulators or water plant operators with a clear and accurate overview of the water quality status and over-standard warning.

[0038] Through the cooperative work of the data acquisition module, the element screening module, the water quality determination module and the report generation module, the system of the embodiment can construct a complete closed loop from data acquisition, detection element state evaluation, multi-level intelligent determination to final report generation, can monitor water quality in real time, and improve the accuracy of the monitoring result through the built-in screening and calibration mechanism.

[0039] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, and it should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and refinements without departing from the principles of the present application, and these improvements and refinements should also be considered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for real-time detection and analysis of water pollution, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Input the purified water sample into at least two sets of detection elements to obtain a baseline output value; Detection elements whose absolute value of the reference output value is greater than a preset deviation threshold are identified as interference-affected detection elements, while detection elements that are not identified as interference-affected detection elements are identified as valid detection elements. When the first detection result obtained from the effective detection element for the water sample is greater than the water quality standard threshold, the following steps are performed: apply preset calibration parameters to the first detection result to generate a second detection result; The second test result is compared with the water quality standard threshold to determine whether the test result is normal or abnormal. The preset deviation threshold is dynamically calculated based on multiple historical benchmark output values ​​obtained from historical tests. The calculation includes: for all detection elements, based on multiple historical benchmark output values, calculating the average benchmark output value and fluctuation value; The preset deviation threshold is obtained by weighted calculation based on the average benchmark output value and the fluctuation value.

2. The method for real-time detection and analysis of water pollution according to claim 1, characterized in that, The purified water sample is prepared by adding coagulant and oxidant as purification agents to the water sample in sequence, so that impurities and organic pollutants in the water sample are separated and settled, and oxygen in the water is released, thereby obtaining the purified water sample.

3. The method for real-time detection and analysis of water pollution according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the first test result is less than or equal to the water quality standard threshold, the water sample is deemed qualified.

4. The method for real-time detection and analysis of water pollution according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: recording abnormal detection results as early warning parameters; merging normal detection results and early warning parameters to generate an analysis report.

5. A real-time water pollution detection and analysis system, characterized in that, Includes the following modules: The data acquisition module is used to acquire detection output values ​​from at least two sets of detection elements; The unit screening module is used to screen out effective detection elements by comparing the baseline output value of the purified water sample obtained by the response data acquisition module with a preset deviation threshold. The water quality assessment module is used to respond to the first test result obtained from the effective detection element for the water sample to be tested and determine whether the test result is normal or abnormal. The report generation module is used to generate analysis reports based on the normal and abnormal test results determined by the water quality assessment module.

6. The real-time water pollution detection and analysis system according to claim 5, characterized in that, When the first detection result is greater than the water quality standard threshold, the water quality judgment module is configured to apply preset calibration parameters to the first detection result to generate a second detection result; The second test result is compared with the water quality standard threshold to determine whether the test result is normal or abnormal.

7. The real-time water pollution detection and analysis system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The water quality assessment module is also configured to output a qualified water sample assessment result when the first detection result is less than or equal to the water quality standard threshold.

8. The real-time water pollution detection and analysis system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The report generation module is further configured to record abnormal detection results as early warning parameters, and to merge normal detection results with early warning parameters to generate an analysis report.

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