Detection system for nuclear power confined space

Abstract

The invention is suitable for the technical field of nuclear power, and provides a nuclear power confined space detection system, which comprises a safety helmet, first electronic equipment and second electronic equipment, the safety helmet is used for collecting information of an operator in the working process and sending corresponding information to the first electronic equipment according to the collected information, the operator wears the safety helmet in the working process, and the collected information comprises the environment oxygen content of the environment where the operator is located; the first electronic equipment is used for receiving and analyzing the information and selecting whether to output corresponding prompt information on the first electronic equipment or not according to an analysis result; the first electronic equipment is further used for collecting voice information sent by the guardian through the microphone and sending the voice information to the safety helmet; the first electronic device is further used for sending the identification of the safety helmet, the collected information and the analysis result to the second electronic device. Through the method, the probability of accidents caused by human factors can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of nuclear power technology, and in particular relates to a detection system for a nuclear power plant's confined space. Background Technology

[0002] A nuclear power plant is a facility that uses nuclear energy to generate electricity. Because nuclear power plants produce radioactive materials during the power generation process, timely maintenance and inspection are necessary to ensure the safety of the nuclear power plant and its surrounding environment.

[0003] Working in confined spaces is one of the most common hazardous operations in nuclear power plant maintenance. Due to their enclosed or semi-enclosed state and limited working space, the working environment is poorly ventilated, which can easily lead to insufficient oxygen levels. Workers who blindly enter confined spaces are prone to accidents such as suffocation, heatstroke, and slips.

[0004] Currently, when working in confined spaces at nuclear power plants, workers typically carry equipment capable of detecting oxygen levels, and then select appropriate countermeasures based on the equipment's readings. However, when using this method to work in confined spaces, workers may overlook checking the equipment's readings, potentially leading to accidents. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a detection system for confined spaces in nuclear power plants, which can reduce the probability of accidents caused by human error.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a detection system for a nuclear power plant confined space, including: a safety helmet, a first electronic device, and a second electronic device; The safety helmet is used to collect information about workers inside the nuclear power plant's confined space during their work, and to send corresponding information to the first electronic device outside the nuclear power plant's confined space based on the collected information. The workers wear the safety helmet during their work, and the collected information includes the ambient oxygen content of the environment in which the workers are located. The first electronic device is used to receive and analyze the information, and select whether to output the corresponding prompt information on the first electronic device based on the analysis result; The first electronic device is also used to collect voice information from the supervisor via a microphone and send the voice information to the safety helmet so that it can be played to the worker through the speaker of the safety helmet; The first electronic device is also used to send the helmet's identification, the collected information, and the analysis results to the second electronic device.

[0007] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of this application compared with the prior art are: In this embodiment, the detection system for a nuclear power plant confined space includes a safety helmet capable of collecting information about workers inside the confined space during their work. Based on this information, the helmet transmits corresponding information to a first electronic device outside the confined space. The first electronic device receives and analyzes this information, and based on the analysis results, selects whether to output corresponding prompts. Furthermore, the first electronic device can also collect voice information from a supervisor via a microphone and send the received voice information to the safety helmet for playback to the workers through the helmet's speaker. Since the first electronic device is outside the confined space while the safety helmet is inside, when the first electronic device receives and analyzes the information from the safety helmet, it effectively allows the supervisor outside the confined space to know about the workers inside. Similarly, when the first electronic device outputs corresponding prompts based on the analysis results, it also effectively allows the supervisor outside the confined space to receive the corresponding prompts. Furthermore, since the first electronic device can also transmit voice messages from the monitor to the safety helmet, it effectively enables timely communication between the monitor outside the nuclear power plant's confined space and the workers inside. This timely communication significantly reduces the probability of workers missing information, thereby lowering the likelihood of accidents caused by human error. In addition, because the first electronic device also transmits the safety helmet's markings, collected information, and analysis results to the second electronic device, it improves the comprehensiveness of the stored information. Attached Figure Description

[0008] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below.

[0009] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a detection system for a confined space in a nuclear power plant, provided by existing technology. Figure 2 This is a front view of a safety helmet provided in one embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a bottom view of a safety helmet provided in one embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of another detection system for a nuclear power plant confined space provided in one embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of another detection system for a nuclear power plant enclosed space provided in another embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0010] In the following description, specific details such as particular system architectures and techniques are set forth for illustrative purposes and not for limitation, in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of this application. However, those skilled in the art will understand that this application may also be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, apparatuses, circuits, and methods have been omitted so as not to obscure the description of this application with unnecessary detail.

[0011] It should be understood that, when used in this application specification and the appended claims, the term "comprising" indicates the presence of the described features, integrals, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, components and / or a collection thereof.

[0012] It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used in this application specification and the appended claims means any combination of one or more of the associated listed items and all possible combinations, and includes such combinations.

[0013] Furthermore, in the description of this application and the appended claims, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0014] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" in this specification mean that one or more embodiments of this application include a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment. Therefore, the phrases "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," "in still other embodiments," etc., appearing in different parts of this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but rather mean "one or more, but not all, embodiments," unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0015] Nuclear power plants typically contain enclosed spaces such as sump pits and piping systems. To improve the safety of these enclosed spaces, timely maintenance is essential.

[0016] Currently, when workers enter the confined spaces of nuclear power plants, they typically carry equipment capable of detecting ambient oxygen levels. This equipment issues a warning when it detects low oxygen levels, and workers then take appropriate action. In practice, workers may become so focused on their work that they ignore the low oxygen level warnings from their equipment. Since excessively low oxygen levels (e.g., below 19.5%) can cause acute and progressively worsening harm to the human body, and because the initial stages of this harm often lack any obvious warning signs, it is crucial to reduce human error to improve worker safety in confined spaces.

[0017] To reduce human error, this application provides a detection system for confined spaces in nuclear power plants. The system includes a safety helmet, a first electronic device, and a second electronic device. Workers wear the safety helmet when entering the confined space of a nuclear power plant. The safety helmet communicates with the first electronic device outside the confined space, allowing a monitor outside the confined space to obtain relevant information about the workers from the first electronic device and choose whether to alert the workers through the first electronic device based on the information obtained. The first electronic device is also used to send the acquired worker information to the second electronic device, so that the second electronic device records the relevant information of each worker.

[0018] The detection system for nuclear power plant enclosed spaces provided in the embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a detection system for a confined space in a nuclear power plant, as provided in an embodiment of this application, is shown. Figure 1 In the nuclear power plant enclosed space detection system 1, there are: a safety helmet 11, a first electronic device 12 and a second electronic device 13. The data processing capability and storage space of the second electronic device 13 are higher than those of the first electronic device 12. Optionally, the second electronic device 13 can be a server, and the first electronic device 12 can be a device with a display screen, such as a mobile phone, tablet computer, embedded device, etc.

[0020] Optionally, the nuclear power plant confined space detection system 1 provided in this embodiment includes a safety helmet 11 with a number greater than or equal to one, a first electronic device 12 with a number greater than or equal to one, and a second electronic device 13 with a number of one. Optionally, one electronic device 12 can communicate with one or more safety helmets 11, and the electronic devices 12 can communicate with each other.

[0021] During the specific operation, the workers wear safety helmets 11 and enter the nuclear power plant's enclosed space. The safety helmets 11 transmit data with the first electronic device 12 outside the nuclear power plant's enclosed space. The monitor uses the information obtained by the first electronic device 12 to monitor the workers accordingly. In this embodiment of the application, the safety helmet 11 is used to collect information on the workers in the nuclear power plant's enclosed space during the work process, and to send corresponding information to the first electronic device 12 outside the nuclear power plant's enclosed space based on the collected information. The workers wear the safety helmet during the work process, and the collected information includes the ambient oxygen content of the environment in which the workers are located.

[0022] The first electronic device 12 is used to receive and analyze the information, and select whether to output the corresponding prompt information on the first electronic device 12 based on the analysis results.

[0023] The first electronic device 12 is also used to collect voice information issued by the supervisor through a microphone and send the voice information to the safety helmet so as to play it to the worker through the speaker of the safety helmet 11.

[0024] The first electronic device 12 is also used to send the safety helmet's identification, the collected information, and the analysis results to the second electronic device 13.

[0025] In this embodiment, the worker refers to someone working in the confined space of a nuclear power plant. This worker wears a safety helmet 11 with information collection capabilities when entering the confined space. Specifically, corresponding detection sensors are installed on the safety helmet 11 to collect relevant information. For example, an ambient oxygen content sensor is installed on the safety helmet 11 to collect the ambient oxygen content of the worker's environment; a body temperature sensor is installed on the safety helmet 11 to collect the worker's body temperature; a blood oxygen saturation sensor is installed on the safety helmet 11 to collect the worker's blood oxygen saturation; a heart rate sensor is installed on the safety helmet 11 to collect the worker's heart rate; and an EEG electrode is installed on the safety helmet 11 to collect the worker's EEG signals, etc. It should be noted that the above sensors can be independent sensors or integrated onto a single chip. For example, sensors for collecting blood oxygen and heart rate can be integrated onto the same chip. When this chip is installed on the safety helmet 11, the worker's blood oxygen and heart rate can be detected.

[0026] Optionally, when the information to be collected by the helmet 11 includes electroencephalogram (EEG) signals, considering that human cognitive function mainly depends on the prefrontal cortex (PFC), which is located at the front end of the frontal lobe of the brain, in order to collect more accurate EEG signals, EEG electrodes can be set in the forehead area of ​​the helmet 11 to collect EEG signals including those from the front end of the frontal lobe of the brain, and then the corresponding EEG signals can be sent to the first electronic device 12 based on the collected EEG signals.

[0027] Optionally, considering that the more channels for collecting EEG signals, the more comprehensive the collected EEG signals, S EEG electrodes can be set to collect the EEG signals of the worker, where S is an integer greater than 1. After collecting EEG signals from S channels through the S EEG electrodes, the average value of the EEG signals from the S channels is calculated to obtain the average EEG signal. The safety helmet 11 then sends the corresponding EEG signal to the first electronic device 12 based on this average EEG signal. For example, the safety helmet 11 can directly send the average EEG signal to the first electronic device 12. Of course, the safety helmet 11 can also process the average EEG signal (such as by eliminating interference) before sending it to the first electronic device 12; this is not limited here.

[0028] Optionally, considering that workers usually carry other electronic devices while working, and that EEG signals are easily affected by external interference, such as electromagnetic interference, motion artifacts caused by movement, interference from physiological activities such as heartbeat, breathing, blinking, and tissues such as scalp, hair, and skull, the power frequency interference of the EEG signal (or the average value of the EEG signal) can be eliminated before the safety helmet 11 sends the corresponding EEG signal to the first electronic device 12, and then the EEG signal (or the average value of the EEG signal) after eliminating the power frequency interference is sent to the first electronic device 12.

[0029] Optionally, the aforementioned power frequency interference can be 50Hz power frequency interference. In this embodiment, a negative feedback electrode BIASOUT can be added to the safety helmet 11. By leading BIASOUT back to the reference electrode, the common-mode voltage of the head can be sampled, inverted, and then injected in parallel into the scalp to form a negative feedback loop. This negative feedback loop can reduce the common-mode gain and reduce power frequency interference.

[0030] Optionally, considering that the EEG electrodes are mounted on the safety helmet, gel electrodes can be used to improve worker comfort and the stability of EEG signal acquisition. Because gel electrodes have high adhesion and flexibility, reliable contact between the electrode acquisition end and the scalp can be maintained, reducing the impact of electrode displacement due to movement, thereby improving the stability and accuracy of EEG signal acquisition. Furthermore, the small size of gel electrodes also reduces the difficulty of replacement.

[0031] To more clearly describe the relationship between the EEG electrodes, BIASOUT, and helmet 11, the following will combine... Figure 2 Describe it.

[0032] Figure 2 A front view of a safety helmet provided in an embodiment of this application is shown. Figure 2 The device includes two sets of EEG electrodes: one set with electrodes labeled "1P" and "1N," and the other set with electrodes labeled "2P" and "2N." Electrodes "1P" and "2P" are used to collect EEG signals, while electrodes "1N" and "2N" are grounded. When electrodes "1N" and "2N" are grounded, this can be achieved by connecting to the ear, such as through... Figure 3 The EEG grounding clip is attached to the ear. It should be noted that in practice, the number of EEG electrodes on the safety helmet 11 can be other values; this is not limited here. A BIASOUT is added between "2P" and "2N" to reduce power frequency interference. Figure 2 The EEG electrodes used in this study are gel electrodes.

[0033] In this embodiment, after the safety helmet 11 collects relevant information about the worker, in order for the safety helmet 11 to send the collected information to the first electronic device 12, communication modules need to be installed in both the safety helmet 11 and the first electronic device 12. When the safety helmet 11 collects information about the worker during the work process, it determines the information to be sent to the first electronic device 12 based on the collected information, and then sends the determined information to be sent to the first electronic device 12 to the communication module of the first electronic device 12 through the communication module of the safety helmet 11.

[0034] Optionally, to improve the success rate of transmitting information collected by the safety helmet 11 to the first electronic device 12, two or more communication modules can be set on the safety helmet 11 and the first electronic device 12. When two communication modules are set on the safety helmet 11 and the first electronic device 12, one communication module is designated as the main communication module and the other as the backup communication module. When the safety helmet 11 can establish a connection with the first electronic device 12 through the main communication module, the safety helmet 11 will send information to the first electronic device 12 through the main communication module. When the safety helmet 11 cannot establish a connection with the first electronic device 12 through the main communication module, the safety helmet 11 will establish a connection with the backup communication module of the first electronic device 12 through the backup communication module. After the connection is established, the safety helmet 11 will then send information to the first electronic device 12 through the backup communication module.

[0035] When the main communication module is functioning normally (i.e., the safety helmet 11 can establish a connection with the first electronic device 12 through the main communication module), the safety helmet 11 communicates with the first electronic device 12 through the main communication module. However, when the main communication module malfunctions (i.e., the safety helmet 11 cannot establish a connection with the first electronic device 12 through the main communication module), the safety helmet 11 can activate the backup communication module to communicate with the first electronic device 12 through the backup communication module. In other words, the safety helmet 11 and the first electronic device 12 can communicate through two different communication modules. Therefore, this helps to improve the success rate and timeliness of information transmission between the safety helmet 11 and the first electronic device 12, thereby helping to reduce the probability of accidents occurring to workers operating in the confined space of a nuclear power plant.

[0036] Optionally, the main communication module can be a Long Range Low Power Communication (LoRA) module, and the backup communication module can be a Bluetooth module.

[0037] Because LoRA modules have the ability to communicate over long distances and have low power consumption, they are beneficial for improving network coverage and increasing flexibility when the number of nodes in the network needs to be expanded.

[0038] As described above, the information collected by the safety helmet 11 in this embodiment includes ambient oxygen levels and may also include electroencephalogram (EEG) signals. When the safety helmet 11 collects ambient oxygen levels, it sends these levels to the first electronic device 12. The first electronic device 12 receives the ambient oxygen levels and compares them with a preset oxygen level threshold. If the received ambient oxygen levels are lower than the preset threshold, it outputs a corresponding prompt. For example, if the first electronic device 12 has a speaker, it can output voice information indicating low ambient oxygen levels to provide the corresponding prompt; if the first electronic device 12 has a display screen, it can display text information indicating low ambient oxygen levels to provide the corresponding prompt; and if the first electronic device 12 has an indicator light, it can illuminate the indicator light indicating low ambient oxygen levels to provide the corresponding prompt.

[0039] It should be noted that when a safety helmet 11 and a first electronic device 12 have a one-to-one correspondence, that is, when a one-to-one mapping relationship is pre-established between the safety helmet 11 and the first electronic device 12, the information sent by the safety helmet 11 to the first electronic device 12 may not include the identifier of the safety helmet 11. However, when a one-to-one mapping relationship is not pre-established between the safety helmet 11 and the first electronic device 12, the information sent by the safety helmet 11 to the first electronic device 12 must include the identifier of the safety helmet 11 so that the first electronic device 12 can know which safety helmet 11 sent the information it is currently receiving.

[0040] In some embodiments, considering that low ambient oxygen levels can potentially cause significant harm to workers, to reduce the probability of injury, when the first electronic device 12 determines that the ambient oxygen level in the worker's environment is low, it needs to remind the worker to evacuate immediately. Optionally, the first electronic device 12 can remind the worker to evacuate immediately by sending a voice message containing immediate evacuation information to the safety helmet 11. Of course, if a voice intercom module is provided on the first electronic device 12 and the safety helmet 11, the first electronic device 12 can also collect the voice message containing immediate evacuation information from the supervisor using the microphone of the voice intercom module, and then send the collected voice message to the safety helmet 11, so that the safety helmet 11 can play the received voice message through the speaker of its voice intercom module. Simultaneously, if the first electronic device 12 receives the worker's voice message sent by the safety helmet 11 based on the voice intercom module, the first electronic device 12 can also play the worker's voice message through the speaker of its voice intercom module. Optionally, to improve the quality and clarity of voice communication, the microphone in this embodiment of the application may be a microphone with high signal-to-noise ratio, high sensitivity, and wide frequency response.

[0041] Since both the safety helmet 11 and the first electronic device 12 are equipped with voice intercom modules, the monitor located near the first electronic device 12 can communicate with the workers located in the confined space of the nuclear power plant. After hearing the voice information played by the safety helmet 11, the workers can promptly notice the decrease in the oxygen content of the environment and evacuate in time, thereby reducing the risk of injury caused by workers failing to check the prompts.

[0042] Optionally, the above-mentioned voice intercom module adopts a low-power voice intercom module (such as the total current not exceeding 2 mA when in pure standby mode) to reduce battery consumption during calls, thereby helping to reduce battery weight.

[0043] In some embodiments, when the information collected by the safety helmet 11 in this application embodiment includes electroencephalogram (EEG) signals, the information sent by the safety helmet 11 to the first electronic device 12 also includes the worker's EEG signals. Since different frequency bands and transient components in EEG signals have been proven to be highly correlated with fatigue, concentration, and blinking events, and since the probability of an accident occurring when a worker is fatigued is higher than when they are not fatigued, the first electronic device 12, upon receiving the worker's EEG signals, can analyze the worker's state based on the EEG signals, thereby providing the monitor with more information about the worker.

[0044] In this embodiment, the current state of the worker includes: fatigue, concentration, and blinking. Specifically, the current state of the worker can be determined in the following ways: When the first electronic device 12 receives a segment of EEG signal, it can first perform bandpass filtering on the entire EEG signal from 1 to 40 Hz to remove DC and power frequency interference. After the interference is removed, Independent Component Analysis (ICA) is used to break down the EEG signal into individual components. From these individual components, the electrooculogram (EOG) signal (used to represent blinking and eye movements) is analyzed, and the blinking state of the operator is determined based on the EOG signal.

[0045] In this embodiment, for EEG signals that are independent components not belonging to the electrooculogram (EOG) signal, feature parameters of these EEG signals are extracted, and the extracted feature parameters are used to determine whether the worker's current state is one of fatigue or concentration. Optionally, the feature parameters of the EEG signals can be extracted in the following ways: For each channel's EEG signal, the signal is segmented by sliding from left to right within a 2-second time window. During segmentation, a certain degree of overlap is typically maintained between adjacent segments, such as 50%, to reduce information loss and maintain the continuity of frequency domain energy. For the EEG signal within a time window... To eliminate the sidelobe effect on the Fast Fourier Transform, the EEG signal segment was dot-multiplied by a Hamming window of equal length. ,get : ; ; In the above formula: For vectors and The inner product; , This refers to the sample size of electroencephalogram (EEG) signals. .

[0046] right The frequency domain amplitude distribution function of the EEG signal is obtained by performing a Fast Fourier Transform. : .

[0047] in, , express of Power of 1.

[0048] from Extract from each Wave (4-8Hz), Wave (8-12Hz), The average amplitude of the wave (12–30 Hz) in each frequency band is calculated, and at least one of the following composite indices composed of each frequency band is also calculated: , , , , The fuzzy entropy is used as a characteristic parameter of the EEG signal within that time window. Taking the synthesis of all the above-mentioned synthetic indices as an example, for the EEG signal within a specific time period T (e.g., 6 seconds), as the time window slides from left to right, the above method is used to obtain... , , , , , , , The system generates a sequence set containing nine feature parameters, including fuzzy entropy. Outlier removal is then performed on these sequence sets. Optionally, outliers can be feature parameters falling outside the interval [μ-3σ, μ+3σ]. That is, for each sequence set, feature parameters exceeding three times the standard deviation are considered outliers and removed. For each sequence set, the average value of the feature parameters after outlier removal is calculated and used as the feature parameters for that sequence set within that time period. These feature parameters are then input into a pre-trained classifier to obtain the current state information of the worker, output by the classifier. The classifier uses... , , , , , , , The samples corresponding to the nine feature parameters, including fuzzy entropy, were obtained through training.

[0049] It should be noted that in the above description, the classifier is... , , , , , , , The data is obtained by training on samples corresponding to nine feature parameters, including fuzzy entropy. In practice, to reduce the computational load, it can also be obtained from... , , , , , , , From nine feature parameters, including fuzzy entropy, several feature parameters are selected as samples to train the classifier. For example, a greedy strategy can be used to select the best feature parameter combination: in each round, one feature parameter is selected, and then the average classification accuracy of the selected feature combination is obtained through five-fold cross-validation. Finally, the feature combination with the highest accuracy is taken as the best feature parameter combination. The above steps are repeated 15 times, and the best feature parameter combination selected each time is voted on to obtain the feature parameter combination corresponding to the fatigue state and focus state. For example, the feature parameter combination with the top 5 vote counts can be used as the feature parameter combination corresponding to the fatigue state and focus state.

[0050] In this embodiment of the application, if it is determined by the above method that the worker is currently in a state of fatigue, then the corresponding prompt information is output on the first electronic device 12.

[0051] The aforementioned output prompts include: prompts corresponding to fatigue states output via voice, indicator lights, or a display screen. Optionally, if the display screen of the first electronic device 12 displays the safety helmet 11 logo, the safety helmet 11 logo can also be color-coded. That is, when the worker's current state is one where no prompts are needed, the color of the safety helmet 11 logo displayed on the screen of the first electronic device 12 is a first color; when the worker's current state requires prompts, a second color is used to mark the safety helmet 11 logo. The second color is a different color from the first color.

[0052] In some embodiments, considering that the probability of an accident occurring when a worker is fatigued is lower than the probability of an accident occurring when the ambient oxygen level is low, the supervisor can proactively inquire with the worker using the first electronic device 12 whether evacuation is necessary. Specifically, the supervisor sends a voice message containing evacuation information. After the microphone of the voice intercom module of the first electronic device 12 picks up the voice message, it is sent to the safety helmet 11 for playback to the worker through the speaker of the voice intercom module of the safety helmet 11. Further, if the worker needs to respond to the supervisor, the microphone of the voice intercom module of the safety helmet 11 picks up the worker's voice message and sends it to the first electronic device 12 for playback to the supervisor through the speaker of the voice intercom module of the first electronic device 12.

[0053] Since the first electronic device 12 can determine the current state of the worker based on the EEG signals fed back by the safety helmet 11, and outputs corresponding prompt information when it determines that the worker is in a state of fatigue, the supervisor near the first electronic device 12 can promptly obtain the corresponding information and send voice information containing retreat information to the worker through the first electronic device 12, thereby realizing timely reminders to the worker. Since the reminder is issued by the supervisor, the probability of the worker ignoring the reminder is extremely low, thereby further reducing the probability of accidents caused by human factors.

[0054] In some embodiments, when the information collected by the safety helmet 11 of this application includes at least one of the following physiological parameters: blood oxygen, body temperature, and heart rate, the first electronic device 12 receives the physiological parameter, compares the physiological parameter with a preset physiological parameter threshold, and selects whether to output corresponding prompt information on the first electronic device 12 based on the obtained physiological parameter comparison result. For example, if the received physiological parameter includes blood oxygen, the blood oxygen is compared with a preset blood oxygen threshold. If the obtained blood oxygen comparison result indicates that the worker's blood oxygen is lower than the blood oxygen threshold, then the first electronic device 12 is selected to output a prompt information corresponding to low blood oxygen. For example, if the received physiological parameter includes body temperature, the body temperature is compared with a preset body temperature threshold. If the obtained body temperature comparison result indicates that the worker's body temperature exceeds the body temperature threshold, then the first electronic device 12 is selected to output a prompt information corresponding to high body temperature. As another example, if the received physiological parameter includes heart rate, the heart rate is compared with a preset heart rate range. If the obtained heart rate comparison result indicates that the worker's heart rate is not within the preset heart rate range, then the first electronic device 12 is selected to output a prompt information corresponding to abnormal heart rate.

[0055] In this embodiment of the application, the prompt information corresponding to the above output includes: outputting prompt information corresponding to the fatigue state through voice, indicator lights, or display screen.

[0056] As described above, the safety helmet 11 of this embodiment can be equipped with various sensors. To enable these sensors to function properly, a battery is installed on the safety helmet 11 in this embodiment. To reduce the weight of the safety helmet 11, a small and lightweight battery can be selected. Optionally, the selected battery can be one with fast charging capability and long battery life to reduce charging time and increase battery life.

[0057] Optionally, to further improve the wearing comfort of the safety helmet 11, the components inside the safety helmet 11 and the connections between the components can be connected by flexible plates and flexible membrane cables.

[0058] In some embodiments, considering the high risk factor when working in a nuclear power plant confined space, training can be provided to the workers before they begin their work. To achieve effective training of workers, the nuclear power plant confined space detection system provided in this application embodiment further includes a training simulation device, which is a closed space used to simulate the nuclear power plant confined space where the workers will be working.

[0059] Optionally, the above-mentioned training simulation device is an inflatable training simulation device.

[0060] Optionally, the materials of the above-mentioned training simulation device are the same as those of the fire simulation evacuation escape house. For example, it can be made from an inflatable tent of the same material as the fire simulation evacuation escape house. The training simulation device uses the characteristics of gas pressure to expand the airbag and generate a certain pre-tension stress to ensure the rigidity of the system and support the tent. It can withstand winds of level 8 to 10, and is also heat-resistant and cold-resistant, supporting working environments of -20° to 50°.

[0061] During specific training, trainees wear safety helmets 11 and enter the training simulation device. The safety helmets 11 transmit information with the first electronic device 12, and trainees can also communicate with a monitor near the first electronic device 12 through the safety helmets 11.

[0062] In some embodiments, to reduce the probability of trainees being injured during training, only air may be filled into the training simulation device. To improve the reliability of training, the first electronic device 12 of this application embodiment may also include a virtual environment generator in training mode.

[0063] The virtual environment generator receives parameter setting instructions from instructors, sets corresponding parameters according to these instructions, and displays the set parameters on the first electronic device 12. The first electronic device 12 also collects behavioral and physiological parameters of trainees within the training simulation device under the set parameters, and stores the set parameters, behavioral parameters, and physiological parameters accordingly.

[0064] Specifically, the instructor is near the first electronic device 12 to view the information displayed on it. They set training-related parameters via a virtual environment generator, including ambient oxygen levels, blood oxygen saturation, heart rate, etc. Once the instructor sets these parameters, the first electronic device 12 sends them to the safety helmet 11 so the trainee is aware of the settings. Alternatively, if the training simulation device is transparent, the trainee can also view the parameters set by the instructor on the first electronic device 12 through it. After the trainee knows the parameters set by the instructor, they perform the corresponding actions. The instructor can record the behavioral parameters corresponding to these actions in the first electronic device 12, or they can use a camera to capture the trainee's actions and send the corresponding behavioral parameters to the first electronic device 12 for storage. Furthermore, during the trainee's actions, the safety helmet 11 collects the trainee's physiological parameters and sends these parameters to the first electronic device 12 for storage.

[0065] Since the first electronic device 12 stores the set parameters, collected behavioral parameters, and physiological parameters, it provides sufficient analytical materials for subsequent analysis and training to determine whether personnel are able to adapt to working in the confined space of a nuclear power plant.

[0066] Optionally, the first electronic device 12 may periodically send its stored information to the second electronic device 13 for storage and delete its stored information. Since the second electronic device 13 has greater computing power and storage space than the first electronic device 12, the above processing helps to free up the storage space of the first electronic device 12 in a timely manner, thereby improving the communication quality and stability between the first electronic device 12 and the safety helmet 11.

[0067] In some embodiments, the first electronic device 12 of this application further includes a one-key recovery option in training mode. When the one-key recovery option is activated, the first electronic device 12 will exit training mode. Providing a one-key recovery option improves the speed of exiting training mode.

[0068] To more clearly describe the detection system for nuclear power plant confined spaces provided in the embodiments of this application, the following is in conjunction with... Figure 4 and Figure 5 Describe it.

[0069] exist Figure 4 In this configuration, the first electronic device 12 is a status dashboard. This status dashboard can establish a communication connection with one safety helmet 11, or with two or more safety helmets 11, and different status dashboards can also establish communication connections with each other. The status dashboard and the safety helmet 11 establish a communication connection via a LoRA network.

[0070] When the remaining storage space of the status dashboard is less than a preset storage space threshold, the status dashboard can send its stored information to the second electronic device 13 (i.e., Figure 4 (The server); or, when the set time arrives, the status dashboard sends its stored information to the server.

[0071] from Figure 4 It can be seen that the training simulation device 14 can be an inflatable training simulation device. When the trainee enters the inflatable training simulation device, the safety helmet 11 worn by the trainee can transmit the trainee's relevant information to the second electronic device 13 through the first electronic device 12 (i.e., Figure 4 (server).

[0072] from Figure 5 As can be seen, the safety helmet 11 can house blood oxygen and heart rate sensors, a LoRA module, a voice intercom module, an ambient oxygen level sensor, an EEG signal sensor, a body temperature sensor, and a main control chip. The blood oxygen and heart rate sensors, the LoRA module, the ambient oxygen level sensor, and the EEG signal sensor all communicate with the main control chip via serial communication, while the voice intercom module and the body temperature sensor use I / O. 2 C communicates with the main control chip via its communication method.

[0073] The first electronic device 12 and the second electronic device 13 can transmit data via wired or wireless means.

[0074] Optionally, the aforementioned main control chip may be a chip with the following information: Program storage capacity and total RAM capacity: Equipped with 512KB of program storage capacity and 192KB of RAM, it can meet the complex sensor data processing and storage needs.

[0075] Abundant number of General-Purpose Input / Output (GPIO) ports: 82 GPIO ports provide a wide range of interface options for connecting various sensors and peripherals, allowing for convenient and flexible configuration of input and output.

[0076] Operating voltage range: A wide voltage range of 1.8V to 3.6V adapts to different power supply conditions and ensures stable operation in different application scenarios.

[0077] High-performance CPU: The maximum clock speed of 168MHz gives this chip an advantage in data processing and computing speed, enabling it to process sensor data in real time.

[0078] Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) and Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC): 12-bit ADCs and DACs support accurate analog signal conversion, which helps improve the accuracy of data acquisition.

[0079] Diverse communication interfaces: Supports communication protocols such as USB universal interface, CAN, I2C, SPI, and USART, facilitating data transmission and storage.

[0080] Internal comparator and watchdog: The chip integrates an internal comparator and watchdog timer to ensure the reliability and stability of the system.

[0081] Abundant peripherals and functions: The chip has built-in DMA, pulse-width modulation (PWM), low voltage detection and other functions, providing strong support for a variety of applications.

[0082] Internal oscillator: The internal oscillator simplifies the design, reduces the use of external components, and improves the reliability of the system.

[0083] In summary, the aforementioned main control chip has the following advantages: Excellent performance: The 168MHz main frequency and diverse peripheral interfaces enable efficient processing and transmission of sensor data, ensuring real-time response and processing capabilities.

[0084] Low power design: It performs well in low power mode, making it suitable for devices that operate for extended periods, such as sensor applications in safety helmets, and extending battery life.

[0085] High reliability: The integrated internal comparator and watchdog timer improve the stability and security of the system, ensuring reliable operation under various working conditions.

[0086] Abundant development resources: There are abundant development materials, community support, and third-party library resources in the market, which can accelerate the development process and shorten the time to market.

[0087] High flexibility: Abundant GPIO ports and diverse communication interfaces provide flexible configuration and expansion capabilities to adapt to the needs of different application scenarios.

[0088] Simplified design: The internal oscillator and rich built-in peripheral functions reduce the use of external components, simplify hardware design, and improve system reliability.

[0089] The aforementioned advantages of the main control chip provide the Safety Helmet 11 with powerful data processing capabilities and a wide range of interface options, enabling it to meet the needs of various sensor data acquisition, processing, and transmission. Its high performance, stability, and versatility ensure that the Safety Helmet 11 can operate reliably under different working conditions and provide comprehensive protection and functionality.

[0090] Optionally, the aforementioned blood oxygen and heart rate detection sensors can be selected from modules with the following technical characteristics: Integrated Red and Infrared Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs): This module integrates a red LED and an infrared LED to calculate blood oxygen saturation and heart rate by detecting changes in the intensity of reflected light. These light sources can calculate blood oxygen levels by detecting changes in the oxygen content of the blood.

[0091] Photodetector and low-noise electronics: The photodetector and low-noise electronics in this module provide high-precision signal detection, ensuring the accuracy of measurement data.

[0092] Low-power standby mode: This module has a software shutdown module that can put the module into a low-power standby mode, maintaining continuous power supply while minimizing power consumption.

[0093] Wireless connectivity: This module can be integrated with other wireless communication modules (such as Bluetooth and Wi-Fi) to transmit the monitored blood oxygen level and heart rate data to the first electronic device 12 and the second electronic device 13 in real time.

[0094] Real-time monitoring and alarms: This module monitors and records blood oxygen levels and heart rate data in real time. Predefined safety thresholds can be set; when the data exceeds the safe range, an alarm is issued via the first electronic device 12 to remind the caregiver to take appropriate measures.

[0095] These features make this module an ideal choice for blood oxygen detection in safety helmets. Its high integration and low power consumption enable it to continuously monitor the health status of workers in extreme environments such as high temperatures, and transmit data in real time to the first electronic device 12 and the second electronic device 13 via the main control chip, ensuring the safety and health of workers.

[0096] Optionally, in addition to its electroencephalogram (EEG) signal detection function, the aforementioned EEG signal detection sensor also has a detachment detection function to provide timely reminders when the operator wears it incorrectly.

[0097] Optionally, the aforementioned body temperature sensor can be selected from body temperature sensor modules with the following technical characteristics: High precision: 0.1°C accuracy within a temperature range of 37°C to 39°C. This is crucial for monitoring human body temperature, ensuring accurate detection.

[0098] High resolution: 16-bit resolution (0.00390625°C) enables the sensor to provide very fine temperature measurements, ensuring sensitive detection of temperature changes.

[0099] Communication method: Using I 2 The C communication protocol is a simple and widely used interface that facilitates communication with other devices. The main control chip on a safety helmet typically supports I... 2 It uses C-type communication, making it very convenient to integrate with sensors.

[0100] Low operating current: The operating current is 600uA, which means that it consumes less energy during operation, contributing to the overall low power consumption design of the helmet.

[0101] Power supply voltage: The sensor operates within a voltage range of DC 2.7V to 3.3V, which matches the operating voltage range of other components on the safety helmet, simplifying the power supply design.

[0102] Default I 2 C address: the sensor's default I / O address 2 The C address is 0x48, which is convenient for connecting and managing multiple sensors in the system.

[0103] These features of the body temperature sensor module make it an ideal choice for monitoring workers' body temperature. By integrating it into the safety helmet 11, the system can monitor workers' body temperature in real time and process and transmit the data through the main control chip. If a body temperature exceeding the safe range is detected, an alarm can be issued promptly to ensure the health and safety of workers.

[0104] In this embodiment, the detection system for a nuclear power plant confined space includes a safety helmet 11 capable of collecting information about workers within the confined space during their work. Based on this information, the helmet 11 transmits corresponding information to a first electronic device 12 outside the confined space. The first electronic device 12 receives and analyzes this information, and based on the analysis results, selects whether to output corresponding prompts. Furthermore, the first electronic device 12 can also collect voice information from a supervisor via a microphone and transmit the received voice information to the safety helmet 11 for playback to the workers through the helmet 11's speaker. Since the first electronic device 12 is outside the confined space while the safety helmet 11 is inside, when the first electronic device 12 receives and analyzes the information about the workers transmitted by the safety helmet 11, it effectively allows the supervisor outside the confined space to access information about the workers within the confined space. Similarly, when the first electronic device outputs corresponding prompts based on the analysis results, it also effectively allows the supervisor outside the confined space to access the corresponding prompts. Furthermore, since the first electronic device 12 can also send voice messages from the monitor to the safety helmet 11, it effectively enables timely communication between the monitor outside the nuclear power plant's confined space and the workers inside. This timely communication effectively reduces the probability of workers missing information, thereby lowering the probability of accidents caused by human error. In addition, since the first electronic device 12 also sends the safety helmet's markings, collected information, and analysis results to the second electronic device 13, it helps improve the comprehensiveness of the stored information.

[0105] It should be understood that the sequence number of each step in the above embodiments does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0106] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the above-described division of functional units and modules is merely an example. In practical applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional units and modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. The functional units and modules in the embodiments can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit. Furthermore, the specific names of the functional units and modules are only for easy differentiation and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. The specific working process of the units and modules in the above system can be referred to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0107] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments of this application can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed by a processor, it can implement the steps of the various method embodiments described above. The computer program includes computer program code, which can be in the form of source code, object code, executable files, or certain intermediate forms. The computer-readable medium can include at least: any entity or device capable of carrying computer program code to a photographic device / electronic device, a recording medium, a computer memory, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), an electrical carrier signal, a telecommunication signal, and a software distribution medium. Examples include USB flash drives, portable hard drives, magnetic disks, or optical disks. In some jurisdictions, according to legislation and patent practice, computer-readable media cannot be electrical carrier signals or telecommunication signals.

[0108] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts that are not described in detail or recorded in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0109] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0110] In the embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus / network devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus / network device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For instance, the division of modules or units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0111] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0112] It should be noted that the information collection process (such as the facial image collection process, fingerprint information collection process, etc.) / feature extraction process involved in this application is carried out with the user's knowledge and permission. That is, the information collection process / feature extraction process complies with the requirements of laws and regulations and does not constitute an act that harms the public interest.

Claims

1. A detection system for a confined space in a nuclear power plant, characterized in that, include: Safety helmet, primary electronic device, and secondary electronic device; The safety helmet is used to collect information about workers inside the nuclear power plant's confined space during their work, and to send corresponding information to the first electronic device outside the nuclear power plant's confined space based on the collected information. The workers wear the safety helmet during their work, and the collected information includes the ambient oxygen content of the environment in which the workers are located. The first electronic device is used to receive and analyze the information, and select whether to output the corresponding prompt information on the first electronic device based on the analysis result; The first electronic device is also used to collect voice information from the supervisor via a microphone and send the voice information to the safety helmet so that it can be played to the worker through the speaker of the safety helmet; The first electronic device is also used to send the helmet's identification, the collected information, and the analysis results to the second electronic device.

2. The detection system for a nuclear power plant confined space as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The collected information includes electroencephalogram (EEG) signals. The safety helmet has EEG electrodes installed on its forehead area. When the safety helmet collects information about the worker during their work process and sends corresponding information to the first electronic device based on the collected information, it includes: The safety helmet collects electroencephalogram (EEG) signals from the worker's forehead via the EEG electrodes; The corresponding EEG signal is sent to the first electronic device based on the EEG signal.

3. The detection system for a nuclear power plant's confined space as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The step of sending a corresponding EEG signal to the first electronic device based on the EEG signal includes: Eliminate the power frequency interference of the EEG signal and send the EEG signal after eliminating the power frequency interference to the first electronic device.

4. The detection system for a nuclear power plant's confined space as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The number of EEG electrodes is S, where S is an integer greater than 1. When the safety helmet collects information about the worker during the work process and sends corresponding information to the first electronic device based on the collected information, it includes: The safety helmet collects the electroencephalogram (EEG) signals from the forehead of the worker using S EEG electrodes, thereby obtaining S EEG signals. The average value of the S EEG signals is obtained. The corresponding EEG signal is sent to the first electronic device based on the average value of the EEG signal.

5. The detection system for a nuclear power plant confined space as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The EEG electrodes are gel electrodes.

6. The detection system for a nuclear power plant confined space as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The safety helmet includes a main communication module and a backup communication module. When the main communication module is normal, the safety helmet communicates with the first electronic device through the main communication module. When the main communication module is abnormal, the safety helmet communicates with the first electronic device through the backup communication module.

7. The detection system for a nuclear power plant confined space as described in claim 1, characterized in that, When the first electronic device receives and analyzes the information, and selects whether to output corresponding prompt information based on the analysis results, the process includes: The first electronic device receives the ambient oxygen content. If the ambient oxygen content is lower than a preset oxygen content threshold, the first electronic device will output a corresponding prompt message.

8. The detection system for a nuclear power plant confined space as described in claim 7, characterized in that, When the first electronic device collects voice information from the guardian via a microphone and sends the voice information to the safety helmet, it includes: When the ambient oxygen content is lower than the preset oxygen content threshold, the first electronic device collects voice information containing immediate evacuation information from the guardian through a microphone and sends the voice information to the safety helmet.

9. The detection system for a nuclear power plant confined space as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The collected information includes electroencephalogram (EEG) signals. When the first electronic device receives and analyzes the information, and selects whether to output corresponding prompt information based on the analysis results, the following steps are included: The first electronic device receives the EEG signal and analyzes the current state of the operator based on the EEG signal. The state includes: fatigue state, concentration state, and blinking state. If the worker is currently in a state of fatigue, then the corresponding prompt message will be output on the first electronic device.

10. The detection system for a nuclear power plant confined space as described in claim 9, characterized in that, When the first electronic device collects voice information from the guardian via a microphone and sends the voice information to the safety helmet, it includes: When the worker is currently fatigued, the first electronic device collects voice information from the supervisor, including inquiries about retreat, via a microphone, and sends the voice information to the safety helmet.

11. The detection system for a nuclear power plant confined space as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The collected information includes at least one of the following physiological parameters: blood oxygen, body temperature, and heart rate. When the first electronic device receives and analyzes the information, and selects whether to output corresponding prompt information based on the analysis results, it includes: The first electronic device receives the physiological parameters, compares the physiological parameters with preset physiological parameter thresholds, and selects whether to output corresponding prompt information on the first electronic device based on the obtained physiological parameter comparison results.

12. The detection system for a nuclear power plant confined space as described in any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, The detection system for the nuclear power plant confined space also includes a training simulation device, which is used to simulate the nuclear power plant confined space where the operators will be working.

13. The detection system for a nuclear power plant confined space as described in claim 12, characterized in that, The first electronic device also includes a virtual environment generator; The virtual environment generator is used to receive parameter setting instructions sent by the instructor, set the corresponding parameters according to the parameter setting instructions, and display the set parameters on the first electronic device; Collect behavioral and physiological parameters of trainees within the training simulation device under the set parameters, and store the set parameters, behavioral parameters, and physiological parameters accordingly.

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