Underground microseism monitoring equipment based on multiple sensors

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of exploration equipment, in particular to underground microseism monitoring equipment based on multiple sensors. Comprising a protective sleeve, a sensor unit is arranged in the protective sleeve, the sensor unit comprises at least two mounting mechanisms, the adjacent mounting mechanisms are detachably connected, three-component sensors are detachably arranged on the mounting mechanisms, and the three-component sensors comprise an X-axis sensor, a Y-axis sensor and a Z-axis sensor. The mounting mechanism located at the top end is connected with the top of the protective sleeve through a leveling mechanism. According to the underground microseism monitoring equipment based on the multiple sensors, the mounting mechanism located at the top end is connected with the top of the protective sleeve through the leveling mechanism, after the sidewall contact device is fixed, the sensor units are leveled through the leveling mechanism, and the accuracy of subsequent inversion analysis is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of exploration equipment technology, and in particular to a downhole microseismic monitoring device based on multiple sensors. Background Technology

[0002] Downhole microseismic monitoring equipment is a specialized device used to capture, record, and analyze microseismic activity in wells, typically between magnitude 2 and 3. It is widely used in shale gas fracturing monitoring during oil and gas field development. By inverting changes in underground media, fluid migration, or structural stress states through microseismic signals, it provides data support for engineering safety and efficiency optimization.

[0003] Existing downhole microseismic monitoring equipment uses a three-component monitoring structure for monitoring. To improve monitoring accuracy, multiple monitoring structures are usually fixed inside a sleeve. For example, a new type of three-component downhole geophone with publication number CN209879008U has a simple structure and high sensitivity. In the existing technology, it is fixed at the monitoring position with a pusher. However, in reality, the three-component monitoring structure is not fixed evenly, which affects the subsequent inversion analysis. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a downhole microseismic monitoring device based on multiple sensors to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a downhole microseismic monitoring device based on multiple sensors, including a protective sleeve, a sensor unit disposed inside the protective sleeve, the sensor unit including at least two mounting mechanisms, adjacent mounting mechanisms being detachably connected, a three-component sensor being detachably disposed on the mounting mechanism, the three-component sensor including an X-axis sensor, a Y-axis sensor and a Z-axis sensor, and the mounting mechanism located at the top being connected to the top of the protective sleeve through a leveling mechanism.

[0006] Preferably, the leveling mechanism includes a lifting mounting structure and a hinge shaft disposed on the lifting mounting structure. A positioning plate is mounted on the hinge shaft. A top fixing structure is mounted on the lifting mounting structure opposite to the positioning plate. The positioning plate is connected to a connecting rod, and the connecting rod is connected to the mounting mechanism located at the top.

[0007] Preferably, the lifting installation structure includes a lifting plate perpendicular to the axial direction of the protective sleeve. The lifting plate is provided with two drive screws. One end of the drive screw is rotatably mounted on the top of the protective sleeve and is equipped with a drive turbine. A drive worm is installed on the top of the protective sleeve and meshes with the two drive turbines. One end of the drive worm passes through the protective sleeve through a sealed bearing. An end cap is provided at the bottom of the protective sleeve. The drive screw is mounted on a bearing seat on the inner wall of the protective sleeve. The lifting plate is provided with two parallel hinge blocks. The hinge shaft is inserted into the through hole of the hinge block. A positioning plate is provided between the two hinge blocks.

[0008] Preferably, the top-fixing structure includes two symmetrically arranged electric push rods. The telescopic ends of the two electric push rods are positioned opposite the positioning plate. Anti-slip layers are provided on both sides of the positioning plate. After the pusher fixes the protective sleeve, the pusher arm is installed parallel to the positioning plate. The electric push rods retract, releasing the positioning plate, so that under the action of the gravity of the installation mechanism, the sequentially connected installation mechanism is in a vertical state. The electric push rods extend and press against the positioning plate to achieve the leveling of the installation mechanism.

[0009] Preferably, the mounting mechanism includes a mounting sleeve, and a three-component mounting plate is provided inside the mounting sleeve. The three-component mounting plate includes an X-axis mounting plate, a Y-axis mounting plate, and a Z-axis mounting plate. The Z-axis mounting plate is located in the middle of the mounting sleeve and is horizontally positioned for mounting the Z-axis sensor. The X-axis mounting plate and the Y-axis mounting plate are vertically mounted on the Z-axis mounting plate for mounting the X-axis sensor and the Y-axis sensor, respectively. The X-axis mounting plate and the Y-axis mounting plate are arranged in an L-shape.

[0010] Preferably, the three-component mounting plate has a slot, and the slot is provided with a socket for connecting the sensor data transmission line. The three-component mounting plate is provided with a snap-fit ​​structure, which includes a drive ring, a limit ring, an operating ring, and a snap-fit ​​block. At least three snap-fit ​​blocks are slidably arranged on the inner wall of the slot. The top of the snap-fit ​​block is opposite to the snap-fit ​​groove on the circumferential side of the three-component sensor. The bottom of the drive ring is provided with a planar spiral pattern, and the top surface of the snap-fit ​​block engages with the planar spiral pattern. The top of the drive ring is connected to a limit ring, which is mounted on the three-component mounting plate through a guide ring. An operating ring is provided on the limit ring, and an operating lever is provided on the circumferential side of the operating ring.

[0011] Preferably, one end of the operating lever passes through the operating through hole on the circumferential side of the mounting sleeve. Two positioning grooves are opened in the operating through hole. The positioning element on the operating lever is set with the positioning groove. The positioning element is a ball plunger or a positioning rod hinged to the operating lever. One end of the positioning rod is set opposite to the positioning groove, and the other end of the positioning rod is connected to the operating lever through a spring.

[0012] Preferably, the inner side of the mounting sleeve is provided with a Z-axis guide groove, and the circumferential side of the protective sleeve is provided with an X-axis through hole and a Y-axis through hole. The X-axis through hole and the Y-axis through hole are respectively positioned opposite to the X-axis mounting plate and the Y-axis mounting plate. The X-axis through hole and the Y-axis through hole are respectively provided with an X-axis guide groove and a Y-axis guide groove. A guide block is provided on the circumferential side of the three-component sensor.

[0013] Preferably, one end of the mounting sleeve is provided with a threaded connection part, and the other end of the mounting sleeve is provided with a sealing cap and an internal thread, and the sealing cap is provided with a threaded connection hole.

[0014] Preferably, one end of the mounting sleeve is provided with an insertion post, and the other end of the mounting sleeve is provided with a sealing cap. The sealing cap is provided with an insertion tube. A J-shaped guide groove is opened on the circumferential side of the insertion tube. A top plate is provided inside the insertion tube by means of a tightening spring. Guide posts are provided on the circumferential sides of both the insertion post and the connecting rod, which are set in the J-shaped guide groove. A reinforcing screw sleeve is provided on the outside of the insertion tube.

[0015] Therefore, the present invention employs the above-mentioned downhole microseismic monitoring device based on multiple sensors, which has the following advantages: the installation mechanism at the top is connected to the top of the protective sleeve through a leveling mechanism. After the pusher is fixed, the sensor unit is leveled through the leveling mechanism to ensure the accuracy of subsequent inversion analysis.

[0016] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the state structure of a multi-sensor-based downhole microseismic monitoring device in conjunction with a pusher during downhole monitoring according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting sleeve structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the three-component mounting plate structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the X-axis sensor structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the snap-fit ​​structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the snap-fit ​​structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the plug-in structure of Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the cannulation structure in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0018] Figure Labels 1. Protective sleeve; 11. End cap; 2. Three-component sensor; 21. X-axis sensor; 22. Y-axis sensor; 23. Z-axis sensor; 24. Slot; 25. Guide block; 3. Leveling mechanism; 31. Lifting mounting structure; 311. Lifting plate; 312. Drive screw; 313. Drive worm gear; 314. Drive worm; 315. Hinge block; 32. Hinge shaft; 33. Positioning plate; 34. Electric push rod; 35. Connecting rod; 4. Mounting mechanism; 41. Mounting sleeve; 411. X-axis mounting plate; 412. Y-axis mounting plate; 413. Z-axis mounting plate; 414. Operating through hole; 415. Positioning groove; 41 6. Z-axis guide groove; 417. X-axis through hole; 418. Y-axis through hole; 419. X-axis guide groove; 4110. Y-axis guide groove; 4111. Threaded connection part; 42. Socket; 43. Snap-fit ​​structure; 431. Drive ring; 4311. Flat spiral pattern; 432. Limit ring; 433. Operating ring; 434. Locking block; 435. Guide ring; 436. Operating lever; 4361. Positioning part; 44. Sealing cover; 441. Threaded connection hole; 45. Insert post; 46. Insert tube; 461. J-shaped guide groove; 462. Tightening spring; 463. Top plate; 47. Guide post; 48. Reinforcing threaded sleeve; 5. Pusher. Detailed Implementation

[0019] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product is in use. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," and "connect" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0020] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] Example 1 like Figure 1As shown, a downhole microseismic monitoring device based on multiple sensors includes a protective sleeve 1. A sensor unit is installed inside the protective sleeve 1. The sensor unit includes four mounting mechanisms 4. Adjacent mounting mechanisms 4 are detachably connected. A three-component sensor 2 is detachably installed on the mounting mechanism 4. The three-component sensor 2 includes an X-axis sensor 21, a Y-axis sensor 22, and a Z-axis sensor 23.

[0022] To accommodate uneven well walls, the top mounting mechanism 4 is connected to the top of the protective sleeve via a leveling mechanism 3. The leveling mechanism 3 includes a lifting mounting structure 31 and a hinge shaft 32 mounted on the lifting mounting structure 31. A positioning disc 33 is mounted on the hinge shaft 32. A top fixing structure opposite to the positioning disc 33 is mounted on the lifting mounting structure 31. A connecting rod 35 is connected to the positioning disc 33, and the connecting rod 35 is connected to the top mounting mechanism 4. The lifting installation structure 31 includes a lifting plate 311 perpendicular to the axial direction of the protective sleeve 1. Two drive screws 312 are provided on the lifting plate 311. One end of the drive screw 312 is rotatably mounted on the top of the protective sleeve and is equipped with a drive turbine 313. A drive worm gear 314 is installed on the top of the protective sleeve and meshes with the two drive turbines 313. One end of the drive worm gear 314 passes through the protective sleeve through a sealed bearing. An end cap 11 is provided at the bottom of the protective sleeve. The drive screw 312 is mounted on a bearing seat on the inner wall of the protective sleeve. Two hinge blocks 315 are provided on the lifting plate 311. A hinge shaft 32 is inserted into the through hole of the hinge block 315. A positioning plate 33 is provided between the two hinge blocks 315. The top-fixed structure includes two symmetrically arranged electric push rods 34. The telescopic ends of the two electric push rods 34 are positioned opposite to the positioning plate 33. Anti-slip layers are provided on both sides of the positioning plate 33. After the pusher 5 fixes the protective sleeve, the pusher arm is installed parallel to the positioning plate 33. The electric push rods 34 retract, releasing the positioning plate 33, so that under the action of gravity of the installation mechanism 4, the sequentially connected installation mechanism 4 is in a vertical state. The electric push rods 34 extend and press against the positioning plate 33. Through complex detection and mechanical structure, the leveling of the installation mechanism 4 is achieved.

[0023] The mounting mechanism 4 includes a mounting sleeve 41, such as Figure 2 As shown, a three-part mounting plate is provided inside the mounting sleeve 41, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the three-component mounting plate includes an X-axis mounting plate 411, a Y-axis mounting plate 412, and a Z-axis mounting plate 413. The Z-axis mounting plate 413 is horizontally positioned in the middle of the mounting sleeve 41 and is used to mount the Z-axis sensor 23. The X-axis mounting plate 411 and the Y-axis mounting plate 412 are vertically mounted on the Z-axis mounting plate 413 and are used to mount the X-axis sensor 21 and the Y-axis sensor 22, respectively. The X-axis mounting plate 411 and the Y-axis mounting plate 412 are arranged in an L-shape. The X-axis sensor 21, the Y-axis sensor 22, and the Z-axis sensor 23 are as follows: Figure 4As shown. The three-component mounting plate has slots, and the slots are equipped with sockets 42 for connecting sensor data transmission lines. The three-component mounting plate also has a snap-fit ​​structure 43, such as... Figures 5-6 As shown, the snap-fit ​​structure 43 includes a drive ring 431, a limit ring 432, an operating ring 433, and snap-fit ​​blocks 434. Six snap-fit ​​blocks 434 are slidably arranged on the inner wall of the slot. The top of the snap-fit ​​blocks 434 is opposite to the snap-fit ​​groove 24 on the circumferential side of the three-component sensor 2. The bottom of the drive ring 431 is provided with a planar spiral pattern 4311. The top surface of the snap-fit ​​blocks 434 engages with the planar spiral pattern 4311. The top of the drive ring 431 is connected to the limit ring 432. The limit ring 432 is mounted on the three-component mounting plate through a guide ring 435. An operating ring 433 is provided on the limit ring 432. An operating lever 436 is provided on the circumferential side of the operating ring 433. One end of the operating lever 436 passes through the operating through hole 414 on the circumferential side of the mounting sleeve 41. Two positioning grooves 415 are formed in the operating through hole 414. The positioning element 4361 on the operating lever 436 is disposed in relation to the positioning grooves 415. In this embodiment, the positioning element 4361 is a positioning rod hinged to the operating lever 436. One end of the positioning rod is disposed opposite to the positioning groove 415, and the other end of the positioning rod is connected to the operating lever 436 by a spring. The positioning element 4361 can also be a ball plunger.

[0024] The mounting sleeve 41 has a Z-axis guide groove 416 on its inner side, and the protective sleeve has an X-axis through hole 417 and a Y-axis through hole 418 on its circumferential side. The X-axis through hole 417 and the Y-axis through hole 418 are respectively positioned opposite to the X-axis mounting plate 411 and the Y-axis mounting plate 412. The X-axis through hole 417 and the Y-axis through hole 418 have X-axis guide grooves 419 and Y-axis guide grooves 4110 respectively. The three-component sensor 2 has a guide block 25 on its circumferential side.

[0025] In this embodiment, each mounting sleeve 41 is connected by threads. One end of the mounting sleeve 41 is provided with a threaded connection part 4111, and the other end of the mounting sleeve 41 is provided with a sealing cover 44 and an internal thread. The sealing cover 44 is provided with a threaded connection hole 441. The connecting rod 35 is threadedly connected to the sealing cover 44 of the uppermost mounting mechanism 4.

[0026] When it is necessary to replace the mounting mechanism 4 or a single sensor, open the end cover 11, use a tool to rotate the drive worm gear 314, causing the two drive screws 312 to rotate, thereby driving the lifting plate 311 to move towards the end cover 11, so that the sequentially connected mounting sleeves 41 extend out of the protective sleeve 1. Replace the corresponding mounting sleeve 41 (threaded connection, just loosen it directly). When replacing individual sensors, press and hold the positioning rod and the operating rod 436, so that the positioning rod disengages from the positioning groove 415, push the operating rod 436 to move in the operating through hole 414, driving the drive ring 431 to move. Under the action of the planar spiral pattern 4311, the locking block 434 moves outward and disengages from the slot 24. At this time, the sensor can be pulled out. When installing a new sensor, insert the sensor's data output port into the socket 42, move the operating rod 436 in the opposite direction, so that the locking block 434 moves inward and engages with the slot 24. Release it, and the positioning rod, under the action of the spring, is locked in the positioning groove 415, realizing the fixation of the sensor. The operation is convenient and quick.

[0027] Example 2 The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the connecting rod 35 and the sealing cover 44, as well as the adjacent mounting sleeves 41, are connected by an insertion method. Figures 7-8 As shown, one end of the mounting sleeve 41 is provided with a pin 45, and the other end of the mounting sleeve 41 is provided with a sealing cap 44. A tube 46 is provided on the sealing cap 44. A J-shaped guide groove 461 is provided on the circumferential side of the tube 46. A top piece 463 is provided inside the tube 46 by means of a tightening spring 462. Guide pins 47 are provided on the circumferential side of both the pin 45 and the connecting rod 35, and are provided in the J-shaped guide groove 461. A reinforcing screw sleeve 48 is provided on the outer side of the tube 46.

[0028] During installation, the guide post 47 moves along the J-shaped guide groove 461. When it reaches the end of the J-shaped guide groove 461, the connecting rod 35 or the insert post 45 is released. Under the action of the tightening spring 462, the guide post 47 is locked at the end of the J-shaped guide groove 461, realizing the connection between the connecting rod 35 or the insert post 45 and the insert tube 46. In order to further strengthen the connection, after the insertion is completed, the reinforcing nut 48 is rotated so that the insert tube 46 and the connecting rod 35 (insert post 45) are threadedly connected to the reinforcing nut 48.

[0029] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, and these modifications or equivalent substitutions cannot cause the modified technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A downhole microseismic monitoring device based on multiple sensors, comprising a protective sleeve, wherein a sensor unit is disposed within the protective sleeve, characterized in that: The sensor unit includes at least two mounting mechanisms, which are detachably connected. A three-component sensor is detachably mounted on the mounting mechanism. The three-component sensor includes an X-axis sensor, a Y-axis sensor, and a Z-axis sensor. The mounting mechanism at the top is connected to the top of the protective sleeve through a leveling mechanism.

2. The downhole microseismic monitoring device based on multiple sensors according to claim 1, characterized in that: The leveling mechanism includes a lifting installation structure and a hinge shaft set on the lifting installation structure. A positioning plate is installed on the hinge shaft. A top fixing structure is installed on the lifting installation structure opposite to the positioning plate. The positioning plate is connected to a connecting rod, which is connected to the installation mechanism located at the top.

3. The downhole microseismic monitoring device based on multiple sensors according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lifting and installation structure includes a lifting plate perpendicular to the axial direction of the protective sleeve. Two drive screws are mounted on the lifting plate. One end of each drive screw is rotatably mounted on the top of the protective sleeve and has a drive worm gear installed thereon. A drive worm gear is mounted on the top of the protective sleeve, meshing with the two drive worm gears. One end of the drive worm gear passes through the protective sleeve via a sealed bearing. An end cap is provided at the bottom of the protective sleeve. The drive screws are mounted on a bearing seat on the inner wall of the protective sleeve. Two hinge blocks are arranged side-by-side on the lifting plate. A hinge shaft is inserted into the through hole of each hinge block, and a positioning disc is positioned between the two hinge blocks.

4. The downhole microseismic monitoring device based on multiple sensors according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top-fixed structure includes two symmetrically arranged electric push rods. The telescopic ends of the two electric push rods are positioned opposite the positioning plate. Anti-slip layers are provided on both sides of the positioning plate. After the pusher fixes the protective sleeve, the pusher arm is installed parallel to the positioning plate. When the electric push rod retracts, it releases the positioning plate, so that under the action of the gravity of the installation mechanism, the sequentially connected installation mechanism is in a vertical state. The electric push rod extends and presses against the positioning plate, thereby achieving the leveling of the installation mechanism.

5. A downhole microseismic monitoring device based on multiple sensors according to claim 4, characterized in that: The mounting mechanism includes a mounting sleeve, inside which are three-component mounting plates: an X-axis mounting plate, a Y-axis mounting plate, and a Z-axis mounting plate. The Z-axis mounting plate is located in the middle of the mounting sleeve and is horizontally positioned for mounting the Z-axis sensor. The X-axis mounting plate and the Y-axis mounting plate are vertically mounted on the Z-axis mounting plate for mounting the X-axis sensor and the Y-axis sensor, respectively. The X-axis mounting plate and the Y-axis mounting plate are arranged in an L-shape.

6. A downhole microseismic monitoring device based on multiple sensors according to claim 5, characterized in that: The three-component mounting plate has slots with sockets for connecting sensor data transmission lines. The mounting plate also features a snap-fit ​​structure, including a drive ring, a limit ring, an operating ring, and locking blocks. At least three locking blocks are slidably mounted on the inner wall of the slots, with the tops of the blocks aligned with the slots on the circumferential side of the three-component sensor. The bottom of the drive ring has planar spiral patterns, which engage with the top surface of the locking blocks. A limit ring is connected to the top of the drive ring and mounted on the three-component mounting plate via a guide ring. An operating ring is mounted on the limit ring, and an operating lever is located on the circumferential side of the operating ring.

7. A downhole microseismic monitoring device based on multiple sensors according to claim 6, characterized in that: One end of the operating lever passes through the operating through hole on the circumference of the mounting sleeve. Two positioning slots are opened in the operating through hole. The positioning element on the operating lever is set with the positioning slot. The positioning element is a ball plunger or a positioning rod hinged to the operating lever. One end of the positioning rod is set opposite to the positioning slot, and the other end of the positioning rod is connected to the operating lever through a spring.

8. A downhole microseismic monitoring device based on multiple sensors according to claim 7, characterized in that: The inner side of the mounting sleeve has a Z-axis guide groove, and the circumferential side of the protective sleeve has an X-axis through hole and a Y-axis through hole. The X-axis through hole and the Y-axis through hole are respectively positioned opposite to the X-axis mounting plate and the Y-axis mounting plate. The X-axis through hole and the Y-axis through hole are respectively provided with X-axis guide grooves and Y-axis guide grooves. The circumferential side of the three-component sensor is provided with a guide block.

9. A downhole microseismic monitoring device based on multiple sensors according to claim 8, characterized in that: One end of the mounting sleeve is provided with a threaded connection part, and the other end of the mounting sleeve is provided with a sealing cap and an internal thread, and the sealing cap is provided with a threaded connection hole.

10. A downhole microseismic monitoring device based on multiple sensors according to claim 8, characterized in that: One end of the mounting sleeve is equipped with an insertion post, and the other end of the mounting sleeve is equipped with a sealing cap. The sealing cap is equipped with an insertion tube, and the circumferential side of the insertion tube is provided with a J-shaped guide groove. A top plate is provided inside the insertion tube by means of a tightening spring. Guide posts are provided on the circumferential sides of both the insertion post and the connecting rod, and are set in the J-shaped guide groove. A reinforcing screw sleeve is provided on the outside of the insertion tube.

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