Integrated energy storage battery pack equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of energy storage batteries, and discloses integrated energy storage battery pack equipment, which comprises a battery unit group comprising a plurality of cylindrical battery units, and the cylindrical battery units are arranged at intervals to form a battery array; the annular heat dissipation sleeve comprises an inner-layer static part and an outer-layer rotatable part, the inner-layer static part is a cylindrical inner wall matched with the outer diameter of the cylindrical battery unit, and the outer-layer rotatable part is a cylindrical shell arranged on the outer side of the inner-layer static part in a sleeving manner; the inner-layer static part is fixedly connected with the battery unit through a plurality of fixing pieces, and a spiral micro-channel is processed on the inner wall of the inner-layer static part. Early fault discovery is achieved through a pressure wave monitoring technology, the fault development speed is delayed through a hydraulic buffer system, safe pressure relief is ensured through a directional pressure relief structure, and system self-repairing is achieved through a self-resetting device; the problems of hysteresis monitoring, lack of an effective buffer mechanism, unpredictable fracture and lack of self-repairing capability are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of energy storage battery technology, and more specifically, to an integrated energy storage battery pack device. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the new energy industry, the safety of energy storage battery packs has become a focus of industry attention. During the charging and discharging process of energy storage battery packs, due to the complexity of the battery's internal structure and the variability of the working environment, the battery may experience thermal runaway due to internal faults, generating high-temperature and high-pressure gas and electrolyte splashes, which may lead to safety accidents.

[0003] In existing technologies, conventional battery protection systems primarily rely on monitoring electrical parameters such as temperature and voltage to warn of potential faults. This monitoring method has significant technical limitations: when electrical parameters become abnormal, irreversible mechanical deformation and chemical reactions have often already occurred inside the battery, and thermal runaway may have progressed to an uncontrollable stage. This lag in monitoring cannot provide sufficient response time for fault prevention and safe handling. Furthermore, the protective structure of existing battery packs typically uses a single-material protective shell, lacking an effective buffering mechanism for expansion and pressure accumulation caused by internal battery faults. When internal pressure rises sharply, the protective shell may rupture unpredictably, releasing high-temperature gases and electrolytes that can cause secondary damage to the surrounding environment and adjacent batteries, creating a chain reaction. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an integrated energy storage battery pack device that can detect internal mechanical deformation and abnormal gas pressure early, effectively control the fault progression, and achieve safe pressure relief to improve the overall safety and reliability of energy storage systems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides an integrated energy storage battery pack device, which solves the technical problems in related technologies, such as the difficulty in early detection of internal mechanical deformation and abnormal gas pressure, which leads to the development of thermal runaway reactions to an uncontrollable stage, and the lack of an effective buffering mechanism in the protective structure of the battery pack for the expansion and pressure accumulation caused by internal battery faults.

[0005] This invention provides an integrated energy storage battery pack device, comprising:

[0006] A battery cell assembly includes multiple cylindrical battery cells arranged at intervals to form a battery array;

[0007] An annular heat dissipation sleeve includes an inner stationary part and an outer rotatable part. The inner stationary part is a cylindrical inner wall that matches the outer diameter of a cylindrical battery cell. The outer rotatable part is a cylindrical outer shell fitted outside the inner stationary part. The inner stationary part is fixedly connected to the battery cell by multiple fasteners. The inner wall of the inner stationary part is machined with a spiral microchannel that extends spirally along the axial direction of the inner stationary part. One end of the inner stationary part is provided with a liquid inlet chamber, which is an annular cavity structure. Multiple radially distributed liquid inlet holes are connected to the starting end of the spiral microchannel. The outer rotatable part has radial and circumferential channels inside. The radial channels are connected to the spiral microchannels. The outlet end of the outer rotatable part is provided with a rotary joint. The rotary joint includes an annular shell fitted inside an annular groove on the outer wall of the outer rotatable part. The annular shell is rotatably connected to the outer rotatable part. A connecting groove is opened on the inner wall of the annular shell, which connects the internal cavity of the annular shell and the circumferential channel. The annular shell is connected to the outlet pipe.

[0008] A rotary drive device is connected to the outer rotatable part and drives the outer rotatable part to rotate around the battery axis.

[0009] Furthermore, the sealing bearing between the inner stationary part and the outer rotatable part is a double-row oil seal structure, including an independent inner sealing ring and an outer sealing ring. The inner sealing ring is tightly fitted with the outer surface of the inner stationary part, and the outer sealing ring is tightly fitted with the inner surface of the outer rotatable part. A rolling bearing is provided between the two sealing rings. The inner ring of the rolling bearing is fixed on the annular boss of the inner stationary part, and the outer ring is fixed in the annular groove of the outer rotatable part.

[0010] Furthermore, the annular heat dissipation sleeve is disposed in the space between the cylindrical battery cells, and the annular heat dissipation sleeve is a cylindrical structure made of a high thermal conductivity alloy material.

[0011] Furthermore, a sealed bearing is installed between the inner stationary part and the outer rotatable part, including an independent inner sealing ring and an outer sealing ring. The inner sealing ring is tightly fitted to the outer surface of the inner stationary part, and the outer sealing ring is tightly fitted to the inner surface of the outer rotatable part. A rolling bearing is provided between the two sealing rings. The inner ring of the rolling bearing is fixed on the annular boss of the inner stationary part, and the outer ring is fixed in the annular groove of the outer rotatable part.

[0012] Furthermore, the liquid inlet chamber is connected to an inlet pipe, which is connected to the inner stationary part through a fixed flange. The other end of the inlet pipe is connected to an external cooling circulation system. A flow guide baffle is designed inside the liquid inlet chamber, and a filter screen is installed at the inlet of the liquid inlet chamber.

[0013] Furthermore, the annular housing is fixed to the battery pack casing by a bracket, and a floating connection is used between the bracket and the annular housing.

[0014] Furthermore, multiple radial channels are distributed along both the axial and radial directions, and adjacent radial channels connect different positions of the spiral microchannel.

[0015] Furthermore, the rotary drive device includes a micro motor, a gear ring, and a gear. The output end of the micro motor is fixedly connected to the gear, and a gear ring is provided around the outer wall of the annular heat dissipation sleeve. The gear ring meshes with the gear.

[0016] Furthermore, the micro motor is fixed on a bracket, which is bolted to the battery pack housing, and the output shaft of the micro motor is connected to the input shaft of the reduction mechanism via a coupling.

[0017] Furthermore, the output shaft extension of the reduction mechanism is splinedly connected to the end cover on one side of the outer rotatable part. The end cover is fixed to the end face of the outer rotatable part by high-strength screws. Bearings are provided between the motor shaft and the input shaft of the reduction mechanism, and between the output shaft of the reduction mechanism and the outer rotatable part.

[0018] Beneficial effects

[0019] This embodiment employs a pressure wave sensor network to monitor the internal state of the battery, completely resolving the lag problem of traditional electrical parameter monitoring. Since mechanical deformation and abnormal gas pressure occur before changes in electrical parameters, the pressure wave sensor network can capture these early, weak signals. The non-conductive fluid in the hydraulic buffer chamber serves as the pressure transmission medium, further improving signal transmission efficiency. Therefore, this embodiment can detect potential faults earlier than traditional monitoring methods, providing more sufficient response time for fault handling and safety measures.

[0020] Secondly, the multi-layer composite protective shell structure of this embodiment overcomes the shortcomings of existing single-material protective shells that lack an effective buffering mechanism. The inner flexible protective layer can generate elastic deformation in the early stage of battery expansion, absorbing part of the expansion force; while the hydraulic buffer chamber further alleviates the expansion pressure through the uniform distribution of fluid pressure. This multi-buffering mechanism effectively slows down the speed of fault development, buys valuable time for system response, and reduces mechanical damage to the battery cells.

[0021] Third, the directional pressure relief structure of this embodiment solves the problem of unpredictable rupture of the protective casing in the prior art. Through the pressure relief valve and flow channel in the directional pressure relief structure, it is ensured that high-temperature, high-pressure gas and electrolyte can be discharged in a predetermined safe direction when pressure relief is unavoidable. In particular, the gradient pressure relief design allows the system to take different levels of pressure relief measures according to the severity of the fault, preventing the overall rupture of the protective casing and the occurrence of thermal runaway chain reactions, effectively avoiding damage to adjacent battery cells.

[0022] Fourth, the self-resetting device in this embodiment enables the system to have self-repair capabilities. For temporary swelling caused by minor faults, the self-resetting device can use stored elastic potential energy to restore the battery cell to its original position after the fault is cleared. This self-recovery mechanism significantly reduces unnecessary battery replacement costs and improves the system's sustainable usability.

[0023] In summary, this embodiment achieves early fault detection through pressure wave monitoring technology, slows down the fault development speed through a hydraulic buffer system, ensures safe pressure relief through a directional pressure relief structure, and enables system self-repair through a self-resetting device. This comprehensively solves the technical problems existing in the prior art, such as delayed monitoring, lack of effective buffering mechanisms, unpredictable rupture, and lack of self-repair capabilities, and achieves the technical effect of improving the safety and reliability of energy storage battery packs. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the integrated energy storage battery pack device of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a front view of the integrated energy storage battery pack device of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a side view of the integrated energy storage battery pack device of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a top view of the integrated energy storage battery pack device of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the integrated energy storage battery pack device of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the gear ring and gear of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the inner and outer layers of the annular heat dissipation sleeve of the present invention.

[0031] In the diagram: 100, annular heat dissipation sleeve; 101, annular cavity; 102, spiral microchannel; 103, radial channel; 104, circumferential channel; 105, annular shell; 106, rotary joint; 107, inner stationary part; 108, outer rotatable part; 200, micro motor; 201, gear ring; 202, gear; 300, cylindrical battery cell. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The subject matter described herein will now be discussed with reference to exemplary embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are discussed only to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and implement the subject matter described herein, and changes may be made to the function and arrangement of the elements discussed without departing from the scope of this specification. Various processes or components may be omitted, substituted, or added as needed in the examples. Furthermore, some features described in the examples may be combined in other examples.

[0033] At least one embodiment of the present invention discloses an integrated energy storage battery pack device, such as Figure 1 - Figure 7 As shown, it includes a battery cell assembly, an annular heat dissipation sleeve 100, and a rotary drive device.

[0034] The battery cell assembly includes multiple cylindrical battery cells 300, which are arranged at predetermined intervals to form a battery array. An annular heat dissipation sleeve 100 is disposed within the space between the cylindrical battery cells 300. The annular heat dissipation sleeve 100 is divided into an inner stationary portion 107 and an outer rotatable portion 108. A sealed bearing is provided between the inner stationary portion 107 and the outer rotatable portion 108 to enable a rotatable connection. A rotation drive device is connected to the outer rotatable portion 108, driving it to rotate around the battery axis.

[0035] The inner stationary portion 107 is fixedly connected to the battery cell by multiple fasteners, so that the inner stationary portion 107 maintains a fixed position relative to the battery cell group, ensuring that the contact position between the inner stationary portion 107 and the cylindrical battery cell 300 remains stable even when the outer rotatable portion 108 rotates at high speed.

[0036] The sealing bearing between the inner stationary portion 107 and the outer rotatable portion 108 is a double-row oil seal structure, including an independent inner sealing ring and an outer sealing ring. The inner sealing ring is tightly fitted to the outer surface of the inner stationary portion 107, and the outer sealing ring is tightly fitted to the inner surface of the outer rotatable portion 108. A rolling bearing is installed between the two sealing rings. The inner ring of the rolling bearing is fixed to the annular boss of the inner stationary portion 107, and the outer ring is fixed in the annular groove of the outer rotatable portion 108, forming a structural connection that can both rotate and seal.

[0037] The annular heat dissipation sleeve 100 is a cylindrical structure made of a high thermal conductivity alloy material. The inner stationary part 107 is a cylindrical inner wall that matches the outer diameter of the cylindrical battery unit 300, and the outer rotatable part 108 is a cylindrical outer shell fitted outside the inner stationary part 107. The inner stationary part 107 is in close contact with the cylindrical battery unit 300, forming a heat conduction path at the contact surface.

[0038] The inner wall of the inner stationary portion 107 is machined with spiral microchannels 102. The spiral microchannels 102 extend spirally along the axial direction of the inner stationary portion 107. The pitch and depth of the spiral microchannels 102 are determined according to the cooling fluid flow rate and heat dissipation requirements. The spiral microchannels 102 are in contact with the cooling fluid, and the heat generated by the cylindrical battery cell 300 is transferred to the cooling fluid through forced convection heat transfer.

[0039] One end of the inner stationary section 107 is equipped with a liquid inlet chamber, which is an annular cavity 101 structure. It connects to the starting end of the spiral microchannel 102 through multiple radially distributed liquid inlet holes. An inlet pipe connects to the outer side of the liquid inlet chamber, and this pipe is connected to the inner stationary section 107 via a fixed flange. A sealing gasket is provided at the connection to ensure liquid tightness. The other end of the inlet pipe connects to an external cooling circulation system. A flow guide baffle is designed inside the liquid inlet chamber, forming a spiral guiding structure. This allows the cooling fluid to pre-rotate before entering the spiral microchannel 102, reducing flow resistance and improving fluid distribution uniformity. A filter screen is installed at the inlet of the liquid inlet chamber to prevent impurities from entering the channel system and causing blockage.

[0040] The outer rotatable portion 108 contains an interlaced microchannel network consisting of radial channels 103 and circumferential channels 104. The radial channels 103 radiate outward from the center of the outer rotatable portion 108, penetrating the wall layer of the outer rotatable portion 108 and communicating with the helical microchannels 102. The circumferential channels 104 are arc-shaped channels distributed along the circumference of the outer rotatable portion 108, and they communicate with the radial channels 103 at specific locations to form fluid distribution nodes.

[0041] Multiple connecting ports are evenly distributed in a ring on the outer wall of the inner stationary part 107. Each connecting port is connected to the spiral microchannel 102 through an internally machined drainage channel. The inner port of the radial channel 103 of the outer rotatable part 108 periodically aligns with these connecting ports during rotation, forming a momentary fluid passage.

[0042] The inner stationary portion 107 has a concave annular groove around its connecting port, which is filled with a self-lubricating wear-resistant material. This groove forms a dynamic seal with the inner surface of the outer rotatable portion 108, reducing friction and preventing fluid leakage. The inner port of the radial channel 103 is designed with a flared, funnel-shaped structure to increase the overlap area with the connecting port, ensuring effective fluid communication between the radial channel 103 and the connecting port even with minor coaxiality deviations.

[0043] The outlet end of the outer rotatable portion 108 is equipped with a rotary joint 106. The rotary joint 106 includes an annular housing 105 fitted within an annular groove on the outer wall of the outer rotatable portion 108. The annular housing 105 is rotatably connected to the outer rotatable portion 108. A connecting groove is formed on the inner wall of the annular housing 105, connecting the internal cavity of the annular housing 105 and the circumferential channel 104. The annular housing 105 is connected to the outlet pipeline. The annular housing 105 adopts a two-half structure, with the upper and lower halves connected as a whole by precision bolts, and a sealing gasket is provided at the connection. An annular sealing groove is provided between the inner wall of the annular housing 105 and the outer wall of the outer rotatable portion 108, and the sealing groove is filled with elastic sealing material to form a dynamic sealing structure. The annular housing 105 is fixed to the battery pack casing by a bracket. The bracket and the annular housing 105 are connected by a floating connection, which can absorb slight radial displacement and ensure that the rotary joint 106 maintains coaxiality during long-term operation. The outlet pipeline is connected to the annular shell 105 via a flange, and a sealing gasket is installed at the flange connection to prevent leakage of cooling fluid.

[0044] The rotary drive device includes a micro motor 200, a gear ring 201, and a gear 202. The output end of the micro motor 200 is fixedly connected to the gear 202. The outer wall of the annular heat dissipation sleeve 100 is provided with a gear ring 201, which meshes with the gear 202. The operation of the micro motor 200 drives the outer rotatable part 108, thereby driving the gear 202 to rotate. The rotation of the gear 202 drives the gear ring 201 to rotate.

[0045] The micro motor 200 is connected to the outer rotatable part 108 via a reduction mechanism. The reduction mechanism reduces the output speed of the micro motor 200 and provides sufficient torque to drive the outer rotatable part 108 to rotate, with a rotation speed range of zero to sixty revolutions per minute.

[0046] The rotary drive unit employs a transmission connection method with positioning function. The micro motor 200 is fixed on a bracket, which is bolted to the battery pack casing. The output shaft of the micro motor 200 is connected to the input shaft of the reduction mechanism via a coupling.

[0047] The coupling employs an elastic structure to compensate for minor coaxiality errors. The reduction mechanism is a planetary gear reducer, featuring high transmission efficiency and precise transmission ratio characteristics. The output shaft extension of the reduction mechanism is machined with external splines, which mesh with the internal splines of the end cover on one side of the outer rotatable portion 108. The end cover is fixed to the end face of the outer rotatable portion 108 with high-strength screws, forming a reliable power transmission path. Bearings support both between the motor shaft and the input shaft of the reduction mechanism, and between the output shaft of the reduction mechanism and the outer rotatable portion 108, ensuring the coaxiality and operational stability of the rotating system.

[0048] The contact surface between the inner stationary portion 107 and the cylindrical battery cell 300 is coated with high thermal conductivity silicone grease. The high thermal conductivity silicone grease fills the tiny gaps between the contact surfaces, eliminating contact thermal resistance and optimizing heat transfer.

[0049] Multiple radial channels 103 are distributed along both the axial and radial directions, and adjacent radial channels 103 connect different positions of the spiral microchannel 102. When the outer rotatable part 108 rotates, the direction of the radial channels 103 changes, altering the flow distribution of the cooling fluid in the spiral microchannel 102, thereby achieving dynamic adjustment of the heat dissipation intensity in different areas.

[0050] The integrated energy storage battery pack device of this embodiment performs the following steps during operation:

[0051] S1, Battery Cell Normal Operation Monitoring Stage: The pressure wave sensor network monitors the pressure state within the hydraulic buffer chamber in real time and transmits the collected pressure wave signals to the signal processing module via signal lines. The signal processing module analyzes and processes the pressure wave signals to determine whether the battery cell is in normal operating condition. During this stage, the inner flexible protective layer maintains a normal distance from the battery cell, and the non-conductive fluid within the hydraulic buffer chamber is in its initial pressure state.

[0052] S1 also includes: a fluid flow channel network to equalize the temperature distribution on the surface of the battery cell. A non-conductive fluid circulates within the fluid flow channel network, dispersing localized heat from the surface of the battery cell to the entire hydraulic buffer chamber through convection, preventing localized hot spots caused by temperature concentration.

[0053] S2, Early Response Stage of Battery Cell Anomalies: When minor mechanical deformation or gas generation occurs inside the battery cell, the resulting weak pressure wave is transmitted to the hydraulic buffer chamber through the inner flexible protective layer. The non-conductive fluid in the hydraulic buffer chamber evenly transmits the pressure wave to each pressure sensor. Upon detecting the pressure wave change, the pressure sensor immediately transmits the signal to the signal processing module. At this time, the inner flexible protective layer begins to undergo elastic deformation, absorbing some of the expansion pressure and slowing down the pressure rise.

[0054] S2 also includes a signal processing module that performs spectral analysis on the pressure wave signal to identify specific types of fault modes. Based on the identification results, the system adjusts the stiffness distribution of the elastic support structure of the self-resetting device to specifically enhance the support force in the battery expansion area and slow down the expansion rate.

[0055] Furthermore, the signal processing module's processing steps for the pressure wave signal include: First, eliminating signal noise caused by environmental vibration and electromagnetic interference through filtering algorithms; second, extracting the time-frequency features of the pressure wave signal using wavelet transform to construct a pressure wave pattern feature library; then, using a pre-established machine learning model to match the extracted features with fault modes in the feature library to identify the fault type and severity; finally, calculating the optimal support force distribution scheme based on the identification results and generating control commands to send to the intelligent execution unit in the self-resetting device to achieve dynamic adjustment of the stiffness of the elastic support structure. The entire data processing process is implemented based on an embedded system, with processing latency controlled at the millisecond level, ensuring that the system can quickly respond to abnormal battery conditions.

[0056] The aforementioned signal processing module is a conventional digital signal processing device, including standard components such as a microprocessor, memory, signal conversion unit, and communication interface. It adopts an existing embedded system architecture and is used to execute algorithms such as signal filtering, feature extraction, and pattern recognition. These algorithms are widely used in the field of signal processing. In this embodiment, they are used to process signals collected by the pressure wave sensor network and to perform fault identification and response decisions.

[0057] S3, Hydraulic Buffer Response Stage: As the degree of abnormality in the battery cell increases, the internal expansion force increases, the deformation of the inner flexible protective layer increases, the volume of the hydraulic buffer chamber decreases, and the pressure of the non-conductive fluid increases. In this stage, the hydraulic buffer chamber undertakes the main pressure buffering function, preventing the local deformation of the battery cell from intensifying through the uniform distribution of fluid pressure. At the same time, the pressure wave sensing network continuously monitors the pressure change rate and assesses the fault development trend.

[0058] S4, Directional Pressure Relief Execution Stage: When the pressure in the hydraulic buffer chamber reaches the preset pressure relief value of the primary pressure relief valve, the primary pressure relief valve automatically opens. Some high-pressure gas and electrolyte are released to a safe area through a small-diameter guide channel, achieving initial pressure reduction. If the pressure continues to rise to the secondary pressure relief threshold, the secondary pressure relief valve activates, rapidly releasing a large amount of high-pressure gas through a large-diameter guide channel to prevent the entire protective casing from rupturing. Throughout the entire pressure relief process, high-temperature and high-pressure substances are always discharged along a preset safe direction to avoid damage to adjacent battery cells.

[0059] S5, Self-Reset Stage After Fault: When the battery cell fault condition is resolved and the internal expansion force decreases, the elastic potential energy stored in the self-reset device pushes the battery cell back to its original position. The inner flexible protective layer returns to its original state, and the hydraulic buffer chamber returns to its initial volume. If the pressure relief structure is not activated or only the primary pressure relief valve is activated and the seal is not completely compromised, the system can return to normal operation after replenishing an appropriate amount of non-conductive fluid.

[0060] Furthermore, the non-conductive fluid replenishment mechanism includes a replenishment port and a sealing device located on the outer rigid protective layer. The replenishment port employs a reverse check valve design, which remains closed under normal conditions to ensure that the non-conductive fluid within the hydraulic buffer chamber does not flow out. The replenishment port is positioned away from the pressure relief valve in the directional pressure relief structure to prevent high temperatures from affecting its sealing performance during thermal runaway. The replenishment process is performed using a dedicated injection device, which connects to the replenishment port via a standard interface. Upon connection, the reverse check valve automatically opens. The injection device monitors the pressure within the hydraulic buffer chamber in real time using a pressure sensor. When the pressure reaches the preset working pressure value, the injection automatically stops and the replenishment port is closed.

[0061] The aforementioned liquid injection equipment is a conventional precision liquid filling device, including conventional components such as a liquid storage container, a pressurizing pump, a flow control valve, a pressure monitoring sensor, and standard interface connectors. It achieves precise quantitative injection by controlling the liquid flow rate and monitoring system pressure. Similar equipment is widely used in hydraulic system maintenance, lubrication system filling, and precision manufacturing. In this embodiment, it is used to replenish a suitable amount of non-conductive fluid to the hydraulic buffer chamber, ensuring the functional integrity of the system after it returns to normal operating conditions.

[0062] The aforementioned monitoring of normal battery cell operation is a conventional battery monitoring method, which uses conventional electronic circuits and software algorithms to monitor and analyze battery parameters. These monitoring methods include voltage monitoring circuits, current monitoring circuits, temperature sensors, and state estimation algorithms, used to collect and comprehensively analyze the battery's electrical and thermodynamic parameters in real time. These technologies are widely used in battery management systems (BMS) and can monitor the battery's charge / discharge status, health status, and abnormal conditions. In this embodiment, they work in conjunction with a pressure wave sensor network as auxiliary monitoring methods to improve the accuracy and timeliness of fault detection.

[0063] Data Analysis and Processing

[0064] The integrated energy storage battery pack device provided in this embodiment involves the acquisition and processing of a large amount of sensor data, which needs to be systematically analyzed to achieve battery status monitoring and fault early warning. The data analysis and processing system receives signal data from the pressure wave sensor network, processes the data through a series of algorithms and models, and finally outputs battery status assessment results and safety control commands. It should be noted that the following data analysis and processing steps are all automatically executed by the embedded processing system without manual intervention.

[0065] Step 1: Acquire pressure wave sensor network data and generate raw data stream. In this step, the system acquires pressure values ​​and timestamps from multiple pressure sensors at a sampling frequency of 120Hz to form a raw pressure data sequence. ,in Indicates the first Pressure values ​​at each sampling point This indicates the total number of sampling points. This raw data is organized into a structured data stream, containing key attributes such as sensor ID, pressure value, timestamp, and sensor location information, for subsequent data analysis and processing.

[0066] Step 2: Filter the raw pressure data to output a noise-suppressed pressure signal. This step uses the Kalman filter algorithm to process the raw data stream, eliminating signal noise caused by environmental vibrations and electromagnetic interference. The Kalman filter works through the state equation... and observation equations Recursively estimate the true pressure value, where For system status, This represents the index of the current discrete time step (or sampling time). In other words, k = 0, 1, 2, 3... sequentially represent the time of each filter iteration. Here is the state transition matrix. and These are process noise and observation noise, respectively. The filtered data has a higher signal-to-noise ratio, providing a reliable data foundation for subsequent feature extraction.

[0067] Step 3: Analyze the filtered pressure signal using wavelet transform to extract time-frequency features. This step decomposes the filtered pressure signal into wavelet coefficients at different frequency scales using Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT), represented as follows: ,in This is the filtered pressure data. The system employs a multi-resolution analysis method, using the Daubechies wavelet basis function to extract wavelet coefficients for five frequency bands, each corresponding to different types of physical changes within the battery. Statistical characteristics, including mean, standard deviation, kurtosis, and skewness, are calculated for the wavelet coefficients of each frequency band, forming a feature vector. ,in For feature dimensions.

[0068] Step 4: Calculate the anomaly index based on the extracted feature vectors. This step uses the Mahalanobis distance algorithm to calculate the difference between the current feature vector and the feature model of the normal working state, outputting a scalar anomaly index. The formula for calculating the anomaly index is as follows: ,in For the current feature vector, This is the mean vector of features in the normal state. Let covariance matrix be the variance matrix. This represents the matrix transpose operation. Anomaly index. It reflects the degree of deviation between the current battery state and the normal state, and is used for subsequent state classification and early warning decisions.

[0069] Step 5: Input the feature vector into the fault mode classifier to identify potential fault types. This step uses a Support Vector Machine (SVM) multi-classification algorithm to classify the feature vector, mapping the current battery state to predefined fault mode categories. The SVM classifier is based on a kernel function. Construct decision boundaries, in which The parameters are RBF kernel parameters. The classifier outputs the probability distribution of fault types. , representing the current feature vector Fault category The system identifies the category with the highest probability in the identification results as the current fault mode for fault diagnosis and early warning.

[0070] Step 6: Combine the anomaly index and fault type to generate a fault severity assessment. This step uses a weighted fusion model to process the anomaly index and fault type probabilities to calculate the fault severity index. The severity calculation formula is as follows: ,in and For the weighting coefficients, satisfying Fault severity Normalized to the [0,1] interval, where 0 represents a normal state and 1 represents an extremely dangerous state. The system classifies the severity of the fault into four levels according to the severity grading standard: normal, mild abnormality, moderate abnormality, and severe abnormality.

[0071] Step 7: Generate control decision commands based on the fault severity assessment results. This step uses a rule engine to process the fault severity assessment results and generate corresponding control commands according to preset decision rules. Decision rules are represented as a formalized IF-THEN rule set, such as "IF Fault Severity = Severe Anomaly AND Fault Type = Initial Stage of Thermal Runaway THEN Activate Secondary Pressure Relief Valve in the Directional Pressure Relief Structure". The system matches the most suitable rule according to the current state and outputs a sequence of control commands. Each of them This corresponds to a specific action, such as adjusting the stiffness of the self-resetting device or activating a specific pressure relief valve in the directional pressure relief structure.

[0072] Step 8: Connect the control command data to the execution unit to implement the corresponding protection measures. This step establishes a data communication link, transmitting the control command sequence to the corresponding execution unit. The system uses a real-time communication protocol to ensure low-latency transmission of control commands. After receiving the control commands, the execution unit converts them into electrical signals to drive the corresponding mechanical actuators, such as adjusting the stiffness distribution of the self-resetting device or triggering the opening of the pressure relief valve in the directional pressure relief structure. The system verifies the command execution status through a feedback loop to ensure that the protection measures are effectively implemented.

[0073] Step 9: Compress and store the processed data to generate historical data records. This step performs lossless compression on the processed data, using a Huffman coding algorithm to reduce data storage space usage, achieving a compression ratio of up to 3:1. The compressed data is organized by time series and stored in flash memory to form a historical database. The historical data contains key information such as stress wave characteristics, anomaly indices, fault types, severity assessments, and control commands, used for subsequent trend analysis and fault tracing. The system periodically cleans the historical data, retaining only key events and statistically valuable data samples to optimize storage space utilization.

[0074] In some embodiments, the data analysis and processing system further includes an adaptive learning module that continuously optimizes the parameters of the fault mode classifier through an online learning algorithm. The adaptive learning module periodically analyzes newly collected data samples and updates the feature mean vector. Covariance Matrix The system also retrains the SVM classifier to adapt to the individual differences and aging characteristics of different batteries. Furthermore, the system supports uploading key data to a cloud server via a secure, encrypted channel for more in-depth offline analysis, enabling integrated analysis of multi-battery pack data and continuous expansion of the fault mode library.

[0075] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above. However, the embodiments are not limited to the specific implementation methods described above. The specific implementation methods described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make more equivalent embodiments under the guidance of the present embodiments, and all of them are within the protection scope of the present embodiments.

Claims

1. An integrated energy storage battery pack device, characterized in that, include: A battery cell assembly includes multiple cylindrical battery cells arranged at intervals to form a battery array; An annular heat dissipation sleeve includes an inner stationary part and an outer rotatable part. The inner stationary part is a cylindrical inner wall that matches the outer diameter of a cylindrical battery cell. The outer rotatable part is a cylindrical outer shell fitted outside the inner stationary part. The inner stationary part is fixedly connected to the battery cell by multiple fasteners. The inner wall of the inner stationary part is machined with a spiral microchannel that extends spirally along the axial direction of the inner stationary part. One end of the inner stationary part is provided with a liquid inlet chamber, which is an annular cavity structure. Multiple radially distributed liquid inlet holes are connected to the starting end of the spiral microchannel. The outer rotatable part has radial and circumferential channels inside. The radial channels are connected to the spiral microchannels. The outlet end of the outer rotatable part is provided with a rotary joint. The rotary joint includes an annular shell fitted inside an annular groove on the outer wall of the outer rotatable part. The annular shell is rotatably connected to the outer rotatable part. A connecting groove is opened on the inner wall of the annular shell, which connects the internal cavity of the annular shell and the circumferential channel. The annular shell is connected to the outlet pipe. A rotary drive device is connected to the outer rotatable part and drives the outer rotatable part to rotate around the battery axis.

2. The integrated energy storage battery pack device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sealing bearing between the inner stationary part and the outer rotatable part is a double-row oil seal structure, including an independent inner sealing ring and an outer sealing ring. The inner sealing ring is tightly fitted with the outer surface of the inner stationary part, and the outer sealing ring is tightly fitted with the inner surface of the outer rotatable part. A rolling bearing is set between the two sealing rings. The inner ring of the rolling bearing is fixed on the annular boss of the inner stationary part, and the outer ring is fixed in the annular groove of the outer rotatable part.

3. The integrated energy storage battery pack device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The annular heat dissipation sleeve is disposed in the space between the cylindrical battery units, and the annular heat dissipation sleeve is a cylindrical structure made of a high thermal conductivity alloy material.

4. The integrated energy storage battery pack device according to claim 3, characterized in that, A sealed bearing is installed between the inner stationary part and the outer rotatable part, including an independent inner sealing ring and an outer sealing ring. The inner sealing ring is tightly fitted to the outer surface of the inner stationary part, and the outer sealing ring is tightly fitted to the inner surface of the outer rotatable part. A rolling bearing is provided between the two sealing rings. The inner ring of the rolling bearing is fixed on the annular boss of the inner stationary part, and the outer ring is fixed in the annular groove of the outer rotatable part.

5. The integrated energy storage battery pack device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The liquid inlet chamber has an external liquid inlet pipe, which is connected to the inner stationary part through a fixed flange. The other end of the liquid inlet pipe is connected to the external cooling circulation system. The liquid inlet chamber is designed with a flow guide baffle, and a filter screen is installed at the inlet of the liquid inlet chamber.

6. The integrated energy storage battery pack device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The annular housing is fixed to the battery pack casing by a bracket, and the bracket and the annular housing are connected by a floating connection.

7. The integrated energy storage battery pack device according to claim 6, characterized in that, Multiple radial channels are distributed along both the axial and radial directions, and adjacent radial channels connect different positions of the spiral microchannel.

8. The integrated energy storage battery pack device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The rotary drive device includes a micro motor, a gear ring, and a gear. The output end of the micro motor is fixedly connected to the gear. A gear ring is provided around the outer wall of the annular heat dissipation sleeve, and the gear ring meshes with the gear.

9. The integrated energy storage battery pack device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The micro motor is fixed on a bracket, which is bolted to the battery pack casing. The output shaft of the micro motor is connected to the input shaft of the reduction mechanism via a coupling.

10. The integrated energy storage battery pack device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The output shaft extension of the reduction mechanism is splinedly connected to the end cover on one side of the outer rotatable part. The end cover is fixed to the end face of the outer rotatable part by high-strength screws. Bearings are provided between the motor shaft and the input shaft of the reduction mechanism, and between the output shaft of the reduction mechanism and the outer rotatable part.

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