Multi-crop self-adaptive precise seeding machine

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of seeding machines, and particularly relates to a multi-crop self-adaptive precise seeding machine which comprises a rack, and a seeding assembly and a roller assembly are mounted on the rack; the seeding assembly comprises five supporting discs arranged between the inner walls of the two sides of the rack, two guide rods are fixed between the inner walls of the two sides of the rack, and the middle supporting disc is fixed to the surfaces of the two guide rods. Through the arrangement of the driving mechanism, the distance between the supporting discs on the two sides can be synchronously and accurately adjusted, so that the line spacing between the seeding pipes is changed, self-adaptive adjustment according to different crop agricultural requirements or planting modes is realized, and the universality and the application range of the equipment are greatly improved; the universal joint pin is used for synchronously driving all the seeding discs to rotate, so that the blanking consistency and accuracy of each seeding unit are ensured, and the seeding pipe can be periodically vibrated through the knocking mechanism, so that the blockage of the seeding channel can be prevented, and the continuity and uniformity of the seeding process are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of seeder technology, specifically to a multi-crop adaptive precision seeder. Background Technology

[0002] Agricultural machinery refers to all kinds of machinery used in crop cultivation and animal husbandry, as well as in the initial processing and handling of agricultural and livestock products. Agricultural machinery includes agricultural power machinery, farmland construction machinery, soil tillage machinery, planting and fertilization machinery, plant protection machinery, farmland irrigation and drainage machinery, crop harvesting machinery, agricultural product processing machinery, animal husbandry machinery, and agricultural transportation machinery, etc.

[0003] When planting crops such as wheat, soybeans, and corn, planting machinery such as seeders are required. Currently, most seeders on the market are designed for single crops or fixed row spacing, which has poor adaptability. In scenarios where multiple crops need to be planted or the plant spacing and row spacing need to be flexibly adjusted according to agronomic requirements, existing equipment often cannot meet the adaptive adjustment needs, which is inconvenient to use. Therefore, we propose a multi-crop adaptive precision seeder to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] (a) Technical problems to be solved To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a multi-crop adaptive precision seeder, which solves the problems mentioned in the background section.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention specifically adopts the following technical solution: A multi-crop adaptive precision seeder includes a frame on which a seeding assembly and a roller assembly are mounted. The sowing assembly includes five support discs disposed between the inner walls of both sides of the frame. Two guide rods are fixed between the inner walls of both sides of the frame. The middle support disc is fixed to the surface of the two guide rods, and the other four support discs slide on the surface of the two guide rods. A drive mechanism for moving and adjusting the other four support discs is installed on the frame. A sowing disc is rotatably connected inside each support disc. A seed storage tank and a sowing tube are connected and fixed on each support disc. A valve is installed on the discharge pipe of each seed storage tank. A soil turning shovel is fixed on the surface of each sowing tube. A cross shaft for driving the sowing disc to rotate is rotatably connected between the inner walls of both sides of the frame through a bearing. The sowing discs slide on the surface of the cross shaft. A striking mechanism for assisting the sowing tube in discharging material is installed on the frame. The roller assembly includes four shafts rotatably connected to the frame via bearings, wherein two shafts have travel wheels fixed to their surfaces and the other two shafts have auxiliary wheels fixed to their surfaces.

[0006] Furthermore, the drive mechanism includes a U-shaped plate fixed between the inner walls of both sides of the frame. Four drive shafts are rotatably connected between the inner walls of the two sides of the U-shaped plate via bearings. Each drive shaft has a worm gear fixed to its surface. Four driven shafts are rotatably connected between the inner walls of the two sides of the U-shaped plate via bearings. Two driven shafts have a gear I fixed to their surfaces, and the other two driven shafts have a gear II fixed to their surfaces. The two gears I and the two gears II are respectively meshed with the corresponding worm gears. Two racks I and two racks II are slidably connected between the inner walls of the two sides of the U-shaped plate. The two racks I are respectively meshed with the corresponding gears I, and the two racks II are respectively meshed with the corresponding gears II. A connecting block I is fixed to the bottom of each of the two racks I, and a connecting block II is fixed to the bottom of each of the two racks II. The two connecting blocks I and the two connecting blocks II are respectively fixedly connected to the corresponding support plates. Worms are rotatably connected between the inner walls of both sides of the frame via bearings. The two worms have opposite rotation directions, and the worm gears are respectively meshed with the corresponding worms.

[0007] Furthermore, guide rails are fixed to both inner walls of the U-shaped plate, guide sliders adapted to the guide rails are fixed to one side wall of each of the two racks, and guide sliders adapted to the guide rails are fixed to one side wall of each of the two racks.

[0008] Furthermore, the striking mechanism includes two guide cylinders fixed to the inner wall of the frame. A spring is fixed inside each guide cylinder, and a T-shaped rod is fixed to the other end of each spring. The other end of the T-shaped rod slides through the guide cylinder and extends to its outside. A movable plate is fixed to one end of each T-shaped rod. A round shaft is rotatably connected between the two inner walls of the frame via a bearing. Three cams for driving the movable plate to move are fixed on the surface of the round shaft.

[0009] Furthermore, both the round shaft and the cross shaft have sprockets fixed to their surfaces, and the two sprockets are connected by a chain drive.

[0010] Furthermore, a frame for limiting the position of the seeding tube is fixed between the inner walls of both sides of the frame.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a multi-crop adaptive precision seeder, which has the following beneficial effects: This invention, through its specially designed drive mechanism, can synchronously and precisely adjust the spacing between the two support discs, thereby changing the row spacing between the seeding tubes. This enables adaptive adjustment based on different crop agronomic requirements or planting patterns, greatly improving the equipment's versatility and applicability. By using a cross shaft to synchronously drive the rotation of all seeding discs, the consistency and accuracy of material feeding in each seeding unit are ensured. Furthermore, the tapping mechanism can periodically vibrate the seeding tubes, preventing blockages in the seeding channel and ensuring the continuity and uniformity of the seeding process. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is a first-view schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a second-view schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the framework structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the drive mechanism structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the support disk structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the guide cylinder structure of the present invention.

[0013] In the diagram: 1. Frame; 2. Seeding assembly; 21. Support plate; 22. Guide rod; 23. Drive mechanism; 231. U-shaped plate; 232. Drive shaft; 233. Integrated worm gear; 234. Driven shaft; 235. Gear 1; 236. Gear 2; 237. Rack 1; 238. Rack 2; 239. Guide block 2; 2310. Connecting block 1; 2311. Connecting block 2; 2312. Worm; 2313. Guide slide 2314. Rail; 24. Guide slider; 25. Seeding tray; 26. Seed storage tank; 27. Seeding tube; 28. Turning shovel; 29. ​​Cross shaft; 20. Striking mechanism; 291. Guide cylinder; 292. Spring; 293. T-shaped rod; 294. Moving plate; 295. Round shaft; 296. Cam; 297. Chain gear; 298. Chain; 3. Roller assembly; 31. Rotating shaft; 32. Traveling wheel; 33. Auxiliary wheel; 4. Frame. Detailed Implementation

[0014] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example

[0015] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-crop adaptive precision seeder, which includes a frame 1, on which a seeding assembly 2 and a roller assembly 3 are mounted; The sowing assembly 2 includes five support plates 21 disposed between the inner walls of both sides of the frame 1. Two guide rods 22 are fixed between the inner walls of both sides of the frame 1. The middle support plate 21 is fixed to the surface of the two guide rods 22, and the other four support plates 21 are limited and slidably mounted on the surface of the two guide rods 22. A drive mechanism 23 is installed on the frame 1 to drive the other four support plates 21 to move and adjust. A sowing plate 24 is rotatably connected inside each support plate 21. A seed storage tank 25 and a sowing tube 26 are connected and fixed to each support plate 21. The sowing tube 26 is a metal tube, which makes it less prone to deformation. A frame 4 is fixed between the inner walls of both sides of the frame 1 to limit the position of the sowing tube 26. The rigid structure of the frame 4 can distribute the load on the sowing tube 26. The soil turning resistance and the force of the striking mechanism 29 prevent the sowing tube 26 from deforming, while maintaining the parallel posture of multiple sets of sowing tubes 26 to ensure that the sowing trajectories of each row are parallel when working simultaneously. Valves are installed on the discharge pipe of the seed storage tank 25. Soil turning shovels 27 are fixed on the surface of the sowing tube 26. A cross shaft 28 for driving the sowing disc 24 to rotate is rotatably connected between the inner walls of both sides of the frame 1 through bearings. A motor is fixed on one side wall of the frame 1, and the output end of the motor is fixedly connected to one end of the cross shaft 28. A protective cover can also be set on the outside of the motor for protection. The sowing disc 24 slides on the surface of the cross shaft 28. A striking mechanism 29 for assisting the sowing tube 26 in feeding is installed on the frame 1. The roller assembly 3 includes four rotating shafts 31 rotatably connected to the frame 1 via bearings, wherein two rotating shafts 31 have traveling wheels 32 fixed to their surfaces, and the other two rotating shafts 31 have auxiliary wheels 33 fixed to their surfaces; The working principle and usage process of this invention are as follows: Before operation, according to the row spacing requirements of the target crop, when it is necessary to adjust the spacing between the sowing tubes 26, simply activate the drive mechanism 23 to slide and expand the support plates 21 located on both sides of the central fixed support plate 21 outwards. After adjustment, target crop seeds are loaded into the seed storage tanks 25 corresponding to each support plate 21, and discharged through the valve on the discharge pipe of the seed storage tank 25. The amount of seeds to be discharged at one time can be preset. At the same time, the cross shaft 28 is rotatably connected to the frame 1 through bearings, and the sowing plate 24 slidably connected to its surface slides synchronously with the adjustment of the spacing of the support plates 21, always maintaining a power connection and providing a basis for the rotation of the sowing plate 24. During sowing, the equipment drives the traveling wheels 32 and auxiliary wheels 33 to roll through the four rotating shafts 31 of the roller assembly 3. This ensures the frame 1 moves smoothly. During the movement of the equipment, the soil-turning shovel 27 on the surface of the seeding tube 26 moves with the equipment, which can break the soil and open furrows in advance to prepare for sowing. When the starting motor drives the cross shaft 28 to drive the seeding disc 24 to rotate inside the support disc 21, the seeds in the seed storage tank 25 fall into the groove of the seeding disc 24 after being regulated by the valve. Then, when the seeding disc 24 rotates, it can quantitatively deliver the seeds to the seeding tube 26 for falling, and finally fall into the opened furrows. At this time, the sowing of crops can be completed. In addition, for the movement of the seeder, the roller assembly 3 can be replaced with electric drive, and a handle can be added to the frame 1 for use. At the same time, components that can be connected to tractors and other equipment can be installed on the frame 1 for driving.

[0016] like Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, in some embodiments, the drive mechanism 23 includes a U-shaped plate 231 fixed between the inner walls of both sides of the frame 1. Without affecting the heat dissipation of the internal dual-axis motor, the bottom of the U-shaped plate 231 can be protected to prevent dust and other impurities generated during sowing from affecting the transmission components. Four drive shafts 232 are rotatably connected between the inner walls of both sides of the U-shaped plate 231 via bearings. Each drive shaft 232 has a worm gear 233 fixed to its surface; the worm gear 233 is actually a combination of a worm wheel and a gear. Four driven shafts 234 are rotatably connected between the inner walls of both sides of the U-shaped plate 231 via bearings, with two driven shafts 234 having a gear 235 fixed to their surfaces. Gear 236 is fixed to the surface of each of the two driven shafts 234. Gear 1 235 and gear 2 236 are respectively meshed with the corresponding worm gear 233. Two racks 1 237 and two racks 238 are slidably connected between the inner walls of the two sides of the U-shaped plate 231. Rack 1 237 is respectively meshed with the corresponding gear 1 235, and rack 2 238 is respectively meshed with the corresponding gear 2 236. Connecting block 1 2310 is fixed to the bottom of each rack 1 237, and connecting block 2 2311 is fixed to the bottom of each rack 238. Connecting block 1 2310 and connecting block 2 2311 are respectively connected to the corresponding support plate 21. The frame 1 is fixedly connected to two inner walls on both sides via bearings, with worm gears 2312 rotatably connected. A dual-axis motor is fixed inside the U-shaped plate 231, and one end of each worm gear 2312 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the corresponding side of the dual-axis motor. The two worm gears 2312 rotate in opposite directions. The integrated worm gear 233 meshes with the corresponding worm gears 2312. In use, starting the dual-axis motor drives the two worm gears 2312 with opposite rotation directions to rotate. When the worm gears 2312 rotate, they drive the meshing integrated worm gear 233 and the drive shaft 232 to rotate synchronously. Then, the integrated worm gear 233 drives the corresponding gear 1 235 and gear 236 to rotate, which in turn drives the meshing rack 1. 237. Rack 238 slides along guide rail 2313; when racks 1 237 and racks 2 238 drive the four support discs 21 on both sides to slide along guide rod 22 through connecting block 1 2310 and connecting block 2 2311, while the middle support disc 21 remains fixed, the spacing between the five support discs 21 is precisely adjusted to adapt to the row spacing requirements of different crops. In addition, the transmission ratio of gear 1 235 and gear 2 236 is designed according to a preset multiple, and gear 1 235 and gear 2 236 are driven synchronously through corresponding worm gear 233. Therefore, when the support discs 21 on both sides slide outward to adjust, the distance between all support discs 21 can be kept the same.

[0017] like Figure 4As shown, in some embodiments, guide rails 2313 are fixed on both inner walls of the U-shaped plate 231, guide sliders 2314 adapted to guide rails 2313 are fixed on one side wall of each of the two racks 237, and guide sliders 239 adapted to guide rails 2313 are fixed on one side wall of each of the two racks 238. Through the cooperation of guide rails 2313 with guide sliders 2314 and 239, the two racks 237 and 238 can avoid left and right deviation, up and down shaking or jamming, thereby making them slide more smoothly.

[0018] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, in some embodiments, the striking mechanism 29 includes two guide cylinders 291 fixed to the inner wall of the frame 1. A spring 292 is fixed inside each guide cylinder 291, and a T-shaped rod 293 is fixed to the other end of each spring 292. The other end of the T-shaped rod 293 slides through the guide cylinder 291 and extends to its exterior. A movable plate 294 is fixed to one end of each T-shaped rod 293. A round shaft 295 is rotatably connected between the two inner walls of the frame 1 via bearings. Three cams 296 for driving the movable plate 294 are fixed to the surface of the round shaft 295. Chain gears 297 are fixed to the surfaces of the round shaft 295 and the cross shaft 28. The two chain gears 297 are connected by a chain... The chain drive is connected by a 298-link transmission. Furthermore, as shown in the diagram, a protective cover is provided on the outside of the chain drive structure to protect it, allowing the round shaft 295 to rotate synchronously with the cross shaft 28 without needing to reset the drive source, thus saving production costs. In use, the cross shaft 28 drives the round shaft 295 to rotate via the sprocket 297 and chain 298. The cam 296 on the round shaft 295 repeatedly pushes the moving plate 294 to move. The movement of the moving plate 294 causes the T-shaped rod 293 to compress the spring 292 along the guide cylinder 291 and then reset, thus forming a reciprocating striking force that continuously strikes the seeding tube 26. Therefore, it ensures that the seeding tube 26 feeds material evenly.

[0019] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-crop adaptive precision seeder, comprising a frame (1), characterized in that: The frame (1) is equipped with a seeding assembly (2) and a roller assembly (3). The sowing assembly (2) includes five support discs (21) disposed between the inner walls of both sides of the frame (1). Two guide rods (22) are fixed between the inner walls of both sides of the frame (1). The middle support disc (21) is fixed to the surface of the two guide rods (22). The other four support discs (21) are limited to slide on the surface of the two guide rods (22). The frame (1) is equipped with a drive mechanism (23) for driving the other four support discs (21) to move and adjust. The sowing discs (24) are rotatably connected inside each support disc (21). The support plate (21) is connected and fixed with a seed storage tank (25) and a sowing pipe (26). The discharge pipe of the seed storage tank (25) is equipped with a valve. The surface of the sowing pipe (26) is fixed with a soil turning shovel (27). The inner walls of both sides of the frame (1) are rotatably connected by a cross shaft (28) for driving the sowing disc (24) to rotate. The sowing disc (24) slides on the surface of the cross shaft (28). The frame (1) is equipped with a striking mechanism (29) for assisting the sowing pipe (26) in feeding. The roller assembly (3) includes four shafts (31) rotatably connected to the frame (1) via bearings, wherein two shafts (31) have travel wheels (32) fixed to their surfaces, and the other two shafts (31) have auxiliary wheels (33) fixed to their surfaces.

2. The multi-crop adaptive precision seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive mechanism (23) includes a U-shaped plate (231) fixed between the inner walls of both sides of the frame (1). Four drive shafts (232) are rotatably connected between the inner walls of both sides of the U-shaped plate (231) via bearings. Each drive shaft (232) has a worm gear (233) fixed on its surface. Four driven shafts (234) are rotatably connected between the inner walls of both sides of the U-shaped plate (231) via bearings. Two driven shafts (234) have a gear 1 (235) fixed on their surfaces, and the other two driven shafts (234) have a gear 2 (236) fixed on their surfaces. The two gears 1 (235) and the two gears 2 (236) are respectively meshed with the corresponding worm gear (233). Two drives are slidably connected between the inner walls of both sides of the U-shaped plate (231). There is one rack 1 (237) and two racks 2 (238). The two racks 1 (237) are respectively meshed with the corresponding gear 1 (235), and the two racks 2 (238) are respectively meshed with the corresponding gear 2 (236). The bottom of the two racks 1 (237) is fixed with a connecting block 1 (2310), and the bottom of the two racks 2 (238) is fixed with a connecting block 2 (2311). The two connecting blocks 1 (2310) and the two connecting blocks 2 (2311) are respectively fixedly connected to the corresponding support plate (21). The inner walls on both sides of the frame (1) are rotatably connected with worm gears (2312) through bearings. The two worm gears (2312) have opposite rotation directions. The worm gear integrated wheel (233) is respectively meshed with the corresponding worm gear (2312).

3. The multi-crop adaptive precision seeder according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner walls of both sides of the U-shaped plate (231) are fixed with guide rails (2313), and the side walls of the two racks (237) are fixed with guide sliders (2314) that are compatible with the guide rails (2313). The side walls of the two racks (238) are fixed with guide sliders (239) that are compatible with the guide rails (2313).

4. The multi-crop adaptive precision seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The striking mechanism (29) includes two guide cylinders (291) fixed to the inner wall of the frame (1). A spring (292) is fixed inside each guide cylinder (291). A T-shaped rod (293) is fixed to the other end of each spring (292). The other end of the T-shaped rod (293) slides through the guide cylinder (291) and extends to its outside. A movable plate (294) is fixed to one end of each T-shaped rod (293). A round shaft (295) is rotatably connected between the inner walls of the two sides of the frame (1) through a bearing. Three cams (296) for driving the movable plate (294) to move are fixed on the surface of the round shaft (295).

5. A multi-crop adaptive precision seeder according to claim 4, characterized in that: Both the round shaft (295) and the cross shaft (28) are fixed with sprockets (297), and the two sprockets (297) are connected by a chain (298).

6. The multi-crop adaptive precision seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: A frame (4) for limiting the sowing tube (26) is fixed between the inner walls of both sides of the frame (1).

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