Determination control system and method for auxiliary heating of excavator at low temperature

Abstract

The invention discloses an auxiliary heating judgment control system and method for an excavator at low temperature, and relates to the technical field of engineering machinery starting control, the system comprises a controller, an engine ECU and an instrument, the engine ECU collects the cooling liquid temperature (T1n), the instrument collects the outdoor temperature (T2n) and achieves multi-mode prompting, the controller receives data through CAN communication, and the controller sends the data to the controller; the consistency of T1n and T2n is verified to determine the effective temperature T0, the starting state (direct starting / auxiliary heating / range exceeding) is judged based on the preset auxiliary heating starting temperature T3 (T4 is smaller than T3), and the heating countdown (t) is accurately calculated through a dynamic correction algorithm (combined with temperature compensation); and meanwhile, the functions of abnormal retry, double-frame verification and fault locking are integrated. The problems that in the prior art, the auxiliary heating requirement is not clear, the heating time is fuzzy, and the reliability is low are solved, invalid starting can be avoided, the operation experience is improved, and the method is suitable for excavators under various low-temperature working conditions.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of starting control of construction machinery, in particular to a control method of a shovel auxiliary heating judgment control system at low temperature, which is suitable for auxiliary heating decision and control before starting of a shovel engine in a low temperature interval of-40℃-20℃, and aims to solve the technical pain points that the operator is not clear about the auxiliary heating demand, the heating time is fuzzy, and there is no response to abnormal state at low temperature. BACKGROUND

[0002] In a low temperature environment (such as a cold winter area), there is a clear requirement for the temperature of the starting of the engine of the shovel: if the ambient temperature is too low, the cooling liquid temperature needs to be raised to the starting threshold value through auxiliary heating (cold start); if the temperature is suitable, it can be started directly; if the temperature exceeds the auxiliary heating capability range, even heating cannot meet the starting condition, however, the existing auxiliary heating technology of the shovel has the following key defects: 1) Auxiliary heating demand judgment is missing: there is no clear prompt for "whether auxiliary heating is needed", the operator can only try to start by experience, if the temperature is lower than the starting threshold value, it is easy to cause invalid operation of the engine starting motor, increase the risk of failure (such as motor wear, battery power loss); if the temperature exceeds the auxiliary heating capability range, the operator may still continue to wait, causing time waste; 2) Heating time prompt is fuzzy: the existing technology only prompts "heating is complete" through the alarm light or alarm, but cannot quantify the remaining heating time; some schemes predict the time based on the calibration MAP graph, but the prediction accuracy is low due to the influence of environmental temperature fluctuations and the difference in cooling liquid capacity of different models, the operator needs to wait for a long time in confusion, the use experience is poor; 3) Temperature data reliability is insufficient: the collected cooling liquid temperature and outdoor temperature are not effectively verified, if the temperature data is distorted due to sensor failure (such as the cooling liquid temperature shows-10℃ but the outdoor temperature shows 0℃), it is easy to cause misjudgment, and then cause wrong operation; 4) Abnormal processing and prompt are single: there is no response mechanism for communication failure and sensor abnormality, only visual pop-up prompt is used, in noisy working conditions (such as construction site environment), the operator is easy to ignore the key information, and there is no fault locking function, which may cause continuous invalid operation; 5) Poor parameter adaptability: the specific heat capacity of the cooling liquid and the heating time interval are fixed values, the specific heat capacity is not considered to change with temperature in the low temperature interval, and the parameter adjustment demand under different environmental temperatures is not adapted, which further reduces the countdown accuracy.

[0003] The above defects lead to low efficiency of the shovel starting at low temperature, high risk of equipment failure, and poor experience of the operator, and an auxiliary heating control system and method with accurate judgment, real-time correction, abnormal processing and humanized prompt are urgently needed. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application aims to solve the five core problems of unclear auxiliary heating demand, ambiguous heating time, low data reliability, no response to abnormalities, and single prompt in the existing low-temperature excavator auxiliary heating technology, specifically including: 1) How to ensure the validity of the coolant temperature through temperature data verification to avoid misjudgment; 2) How to accurately determine the three states of "direct start", "need auxiliary heating" and "exceed heating range" based on temperature threshold, and give clear guidance; 3) How to improve the heating countdown accuracy through dynamic correction algorithm and quantify the remaining heating time; 4) How to improve system reliability through communication verification, abnormal retry and fault locking; 5) How to ensure that the operator obtains key information through multi-modal prompts (visual + auditory) and adapts to noisy working conditions.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is: a low-temperature excavator auxiliary heating determination control system, comprising: Controller: with data calculation, start state determination and CAN communication function, used for receiving temperature data, reading preset temperature threshold, executing temperature comparison logic and heating time correction calculation, generating determination result and real-time countdown information; Engine ECU: with CAN communication function and engine coolant temperature measurement function, used for collecting engine coolant temperature T1n and sending to the controller; Instrument: with CAN communication function and visual prompt function, used for collecting whole machine outdoor temperature T2n and sending to the controller, and receiving the determination result of the controller to display operation guidance, real-time heating countdown and start state notification in the form of pop-up window; Among them, the controller is preset with auxiliary heating opening temperature T3 and auxiliary heating temperature T4, and T4 < T3; the controller verifies the coolant temperature validity by comparing the engine coolant temperature T1n and the whole machine outdoor temperature T2n, defines the verified effective coolant temperature as T0, which is the temperature of the coolant system of the excavator, and generates the start state determination result based on the numerical relationship between T0, T3 and T4.

[0006] Further, the determination logic of the controller also includes an "abnormal retry mechanism": if the first temperature verification shows "data abnormality", the controller will trigger secondary data collection and verification after 10s, if the abnormality is continuous for 3 times, the instrument will pop up a "temperature sensor fault, please repair" pop-up window, and lock the auxiliary heating function.

[0007] Further, the pop-up prompt of the instrument contains "sound alarm auxiliary function": when the pop-up "auxiliary heating required", "temperature anomaly" or "out of the normal range" pop-up window, the instrument synchronously issues intermittent beeping until the operator performs the confirmation operation or the pop-up window is automatically closed.

[0008] Further, the controller and the engine ECU, the CAN communication of the instrument adopt "double frame check mechanism": each frame of temperature data contains data frame and check frame, the controller needs to receive two frames at the same time and verify the consistency before performing temperature analysis, to ensure the accuracy of data transmission.

[0009] Further, a control method of a low-temperature auxiliary heating judgment control system of an excavator, comprising the following steps: 1) power on and data acquisition: after the whole machine is powered on, the engine ECU collects the engine coolant temperature T1n, and the instrument collects the outdoor temperature T2n of the whole machine, both of which are transmitted to the controller through CAN communication; 2) temperature validity verification: the controller calculates |T1n-T2n|, if |T1n-T2n|≤ preset temperature deviation threshold, it is determined that the coolant temperature is valid, and T0 is equal to T1n; if |T1n-T2n|> preset temperature deviation threshold, the instrument pops up a "temperature data anomaly, please check" pop-up window; 3) threshold reading and state judgment: the controller reads the preset auxiliary heating start temperature T3 and the auxiliary heating temperature T4, and satisfies T4 Case one: if T0>T3: auxiliary heating is not required, the engine can be started directly, the instrument pops up a "direct start" pop-up window, and the "direct start" pop-up window in the instrument is automatically closed after the engine is successfully started; Case two: if T4 Case three: if T0 If the answer is no, the instrument pops up "not start" and prompts the outdoor temperature T2n, and needs to wait for the outdoor temperature T2n to rise to T3 or above, or to meet T2n≥T4, to estimate the waiting time t1" pop-up window, and the automatic closing of the pop-up window according to the self-defined time.

[0010] Further, the case one of step 3) "directly start" pop-up window also contains "environmental temperature reminder": if T0 is in the interval of T3-T3+5℃, the pop-up window synchronously displays "the current temperature is close to the auxiliary heating start threshold, and it is suggested to idle preheat for 3 minutes after starting".

[0011] Further, the heating countdown calculation and dynamic correction: ① Theoretical countdown initial value calculation: When T4 When T0≤T4 and the operator selects "yes", the theoretical countdown t1=|T0-T4|×C×m / W, where m is the volume of the cooling liquid in the engine and auxiliary heating system, C is the specific heat capacity of the cooling liquid, and W is the auxiliary heating full load heating capacity. ② Real-time temperature acquisition and correction: every fixed time interval Δt, the controller reads the current actual cooling liquid temperature T1n, calculates the real-time required time tn=|target temperature-T1n|×C×m / W, and the target temperature is T3 or T4; at the same time, the temperature rise frequency ΔTn=|previous tn-current tn| in Δt is calculated. ③ Corrected countdown determination: based on ΔTn, the correction time tn'=|target temperature-T0|÷ΔTn×Δt is calculated; if |tn-tn'|≥preset time threshold, the final countdown t=(tn+tn')÷2 is displayed; if |tn-tn'|<preset time threshold, the final countdown t=tn is displayed; the instrument updates the t value at a frequency of Δt.

[0012] Further, the specific heat capacity C of the cooling liquid adopts the "temperature compensation algorithm": the controller pre-stores a C value table corresponding to different temperature intervals (-40℃-20℃), and automatically matches the corresponding C value during calculation according to the current T0, instead of using a fixed C value for calculation, to improve the countdown accuracy.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following significant advantages: 1) Protect the equipment and reduce the risk of failure: by accurately determining "whether auxiliary heating is needed", the engine start motor wear caused by invalid start under low temperature is avoided, and the temperature data verification and abnormal locking function reduces the misoperation caused by sensor failure and prolongs the service life of the equipment. 2) Improve operation experience and save time: quantitatively display real-time heating countdown t and waiting time t0, so that the operator does not need to wait blindly; ambient temperature reminder and multi-modal prompt (visual + auditory) adapt to different working conditions, the operation guide is clearer, especially for novice operators; 3) Improve system reliability and accuracy: double-frame communication verification eliminates data distortion, temperature compensation algorithm and dynamic correction logic make the countdown error ≤3s, and the abnormal retry mechanism further improves the system stability; 4) Strong adaptability and high flexibility: T3, T4, temperature deviation threshold, Δt, etc. can be customized according to the model (such as small excavators, large mining excavators) and region (such as northeast-30℃, north China-15℃), wide application range; 5) High safety, reduce operation risk: fault locking function avoids false heating operation when the sensor is abnormal, sound alarm ensures that key information is not missed in noisy construction sites, and improves operation safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0014] Fig. 1 The structure diagram of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present application more clear and obvious, the present application is further described in detail below through the drawings and examples. However, it should be understood that the specific examples described herein are only used to explain the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application.

[0016] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present application belongs, and the terms used herein in the specification are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present application.

[0017] As shown in Fig. 1 A low-temperature excavator auxiliary heating judgment control system is composed of a controller, an engine ECU and an instrument, and the three are connected through a CAN bus for data interaction. The functions and cooperative logic of each component are as follows: Controller: Core function: with data calculation, start state judgment and CAN communication function, it is the decision core of the system; Data processing: receive the cooling liquid temperature T1n transmitted by the engine ECU and the outdoor temperature T2n transmitted by the instrument through CAN communication, calculate |T1n-T2n| to check the validity of the cooling liquid temperature, if |T1n-T2n|≤ preset temperature deviation threshold (default 5℃, can be customized), define the effective cooling liquid temperature as T0 (T0=T1n); if the deviation exceeds the threshold, trigger abnormal processing; Threshold preset: Pre-store the auxiliary heating start temperature T3 and the temperature exceeding the auxiliary heating temperature T4, and satisfy T4 < T3, such as T3 = -10℃, T4 = -25℃, which can be adapted according to the model; Anomaly Handling: An integrated "anomaly retry mechanism" is used. If the temperature verification fails on the first attempt, a second acquisition and verification will be triggered after 10 seconds. If there are three consecutive failures, a command will be sent to the instrument, a pop-up window will appear saying "Temperature sensor failure, please check" will be displayed, and the auxiliary heating function will be locked to prevent incorrect operation. Communication assurance: A "dual-frame verification mechanism" is adopted. When receiving temperature data, both the "data frame" and the "verification frame" must be obtained simultaneously. Parsing is only performed after the consistency is verified, thus preventing data distortion caused by communication interference.

[0018] Engine ECU Functional role: Responsible for collecting engine coolant temperature T1n, with an accuracy of ±0.5℃; Data transmission: T1n is sent to the controller at a frequency of 1Hz via the CAN bus to ensure the real-time performance of temperature data; meter Core functions: It features temperature acquisition, visual prompts, and audible alarms; Temperature acquisition: An integrated outdoor temperature sensor acquires the outdoor temperature T2n of the entire unit with an accuracy of ±1℃, and transmits it to the controller via the CAN bus; Visual prompts: The judgment result (such as "can be started directly" or "requires auxiliary heating to start"), real-time heating countdown t, and fault information are displayed in the form of pop-up windows. The pop-up windows will automatically close after the engine starts or after a custom duration (default 30s). If T0 is in the range of (T3, T3+5℃) (such as when T3=-10℃, T0=-9℃~-5℃), the "can be started directly" pop-up window will simultaneously display an ambient temperature reminder that "the current temperature is close to the auxiliary heating activation threshold. It is recommended to idle for 3 minutes after starting." Audible alarm: When a pop-up window appears indicating "Auxiliary heating required", "Temperature abnormal" or "Out of normal range", a 1Hz intermittent buzzer will be emitted simultaneously (the volume can be adjusted via the instrument button) until the operator confirms or the pop-up window is closed, adapting to noisy working conditions.

[0019] Low-Temperature Excavator Auxiliary Heating Judgment and Control Method Based on the above system, the specific control method flow is as follows: 1) Power-on and data acquisition After the entire unit is powered on (S0), the engine ECU starts collecting coolant temperature and the instrument panel starts collecting outdoor temperature. Both transmit T1n and T2n to the controller (S10-S20) via the CAN bus at a frequency of 1Hz. The controller enables dual-frame verification to ensure accurate data reception. 2) Temperature validity verification Controller calculation |T1n-T2n|: If |T1n-T2n|≤ preset temperature deviation threshold (default 5℃), the coolant temperature is determined to be valid, and T0=T1n is assigned (S30). If |T1n-T2n|> the preset temperature deviation threshold (default 5℃), and the engine has been running within 3 hours, the coolant temperature is determined to be valid, making T0 equal to T1n. Otherwise, the instrument panel will display a "Temperature data abnormal, please check" pop-up window, and the controller will start the abnormal retry mechanism: a second data acquisition and verification will be performed after 10 seconds. If there are 3 consecutive abnormalities, a fault prompt will be triggered and the auxiliary heating function will be locked.

[0020] 3) Threshold reading and status determination The controller reads the preset T3 and T4 (T4 < T3), and performs three types of judgments (S40-S50) based on the numerical relationship between T0 and T3 and T4: Case 1: T0 > T3 (no auxiliary heating required) The instrument panel displays a "Direct Start" pop-up window, indicating that the engine can be started directly. After the operator starts the engine, the controller detects the start signal and instructs the instrument panel to close the pop-up window (S60-S80). Furthermore, if T0 is in the range of (T3, T3+5℃), the pop-up window will add an ambient temperature reminder. Case 2: T4 < T0 ≤ T3 (auxiliary heating required) The instrument panel displays a "Auxiliary heating required for start-up" pop-up window and a buzzer sounds simultaneously. After the operator turns on the auxiliary heating, the instrument panel displays the real-time corrected heating countdown t (S90-S110), the theoretical countdown time t1, the actual heating time tn, and the coolant temperature T1n. When t=0, the instrument panel displays a "Startable" pop-up window. After the operator starts the engine, the pop-up window closes. Case 3: T0 < T4 (outside the normal heating range) The instrument panel displays a pop-up message: "Exceeding the normal range for auxiliary heating, do you want to try using auxiliary heating?" along with a beep. If the operator selects "Yes": Auxiliary heating is started. The instrument displays the real-time corrected t, the theoretical countdown time t1, the actual heating time t2, and the coolant temperature T1n. When t=0, a "Startable" prompt will pop up. After starting, the pop-up window will close (S150-S160, S120-S130). If the operator selects "No": the instrument will pop up a window saying "Cannot start, and indicates that the outdoor temperature is T2n. You need to wait for the outdoor temperature to rise to T3 or above before you can start directly. The estimated waiting time is t0". It will automatically close after 30 seconds (S170-S190). Here, t0 is the theoretical waiting time required for the outdoor temperature to rise to T3, and T2n≥T4.

[0021] Case 2: In the case of T4 < T0 ≤ T3 (auxiliary heating required), the instrument displays the countdown time t, the theoretical countdown time t1, the actual heating time tn, and the coolant temperature T1n. The calculation of the heating countdown and the dynamic correction countdown t adopt the "theoretical initial value + real-time correction" mode to ensure accuracy, as detailed below: Theoretical countdown t1 = (T3 - T0) * C * m / W During the heating process, at each interval Δt, calculate the required time t2, t3, t4...tn = (T3-T1n)*C*m / W. Simultaneously, calculate the temperature rise frequency ΔT1 = t1-t2, T2 = t2-t3,...ΔTn within the corresponding fixed interval time Δt, and calculate the required time t2', t3'...tn' = (T3-T0n) / ΔTn*Δt. The above parameters are explained as follows: a) m: mass of coolant in engine and auxiliary heating system; b) C: specific heat capacity of coolant; c) W: full-load heating capacity of auxiliary heating (cold start).

[0022] When the value of (tn-tn') is ≥ 5s, t = (tn+tn') / 2; when the value of (tn-tn') is < 5s, t = tn. The time "5s" can be set according to the operator's or customer's requirements. The remaining time is updated at a fixed frequency to ensure the accuracy of the time displayed by the instrument. (S90-S110).

[0023] Case 3: When T0 < T4 (outside the normal heating range), the instrument displays the real-time corrected t, the theoretical countdown time t1, the actual heating time t2, and the coolant temperature T1n. The calculation of the heating countdown and the calculation of the dynamically corrected countdown t adopt the "theoretical initial value + real-time correction" mode to ensure accuracy, as detailed below: If the customer selects to use "Yes" The instrument displays the countdown time t, the theoretical countdown time t1, the actual heating time t2, and the coolant temperature T1n. The controller processes the data. Theoretical countdown t1 = (T4 - T0) * C * m / W During the heating process, at each interval Δt, calculate the required time t2, t3, t4...tn=(T4-T1n)*C*m / W, and simultaneously calculate the temperature rise frequency ΔT1=t1-t2, ΔT2=t2-t3,...ΔT3 within the corresponding fixed interval time Δt, and calculate the required time t2', t3'...tn'=(T4-T0n) / ΔTn*Δt. The above parameters are explained as follows: a) m: coolant volume in the engine and auxiliary heating system; b) C: specific heat capacity of the coolant; c) W: full-load heating capacity of the auxiliary heating (cold start). When the value of (tn-tn') is ≥ 5s, t = (tn+tn') / 2; when the value of (tn-tn') is < 5s, t = tn. The time "5s" can be set according to the operator's requirements (S150-S160). If the customer selects "No". The instrument displays a temperature T1n≥T4, and the actual waiting time is t0=(T1n-T0)*C*S / W.

[0024] Temperature compensation algorithm: The controller has a pre-stored table of coolant specific heat capacity (C) for the temperature range of -40℃ to 20℃ (as shown in the table below). During calculation, it automatically matches the C value based on the current temperature T0, replacing the fixed C value and improving accuracy. Temperature range (°C) Specific heat capacity of coolant C (kJ / (kg・℃)) -40～-30 3.8 -30～-20 3.9 -20～-10 4.0 -10～0 4.1 0～20 4.2 The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-temperature excavator auxiliary heating determination and control system, characterized in that, include: Controller: It has data calculation, start-up status determination and CAN communication functions. It is used to receive temperature data, read preset temperature thresholds, execute temperature comparison logic and heating time correction calculation, and generate judgment results and real-time countdown information. Engine ECU: It has CAN communication function and engine coolant temperature measurement function, which is used to collect engine coolant temperature T1n and send it to the controller; Instrument: Equipped with CAN communication and visual prompt functions, it is used to collect the outdoor temperature T2n of the whole unit and send it to the controller. At the same time, it receives the judgment result of the controller and displays operation instructions, real-time heating countdown and start-up status in the form of pop-up window. The controller has a preset auxiliary heating start temperature T3 and an auxiliary heating temperature T4, and satisfies T4 < T3. The controller verifies the effectiveness of the coolant temperature by comparing the engine coolant temperature T1n with the outdoor temperature T2n of the whole machine, defines the verified effective coolant temperature as T0, and generates a start-up status determination result based on the numerical relationship between T0 and T3 and T4.

2. The low-temperature excavator auxiliary heating determination and control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The controller's judgment logic also includes an "abnormal retry mechanism": if the first temperature verification shows "data abnormal", the controller will trigger a second data acquisition and verification after 10 seconds. If the verification fails three times in a row, the instrument will pop up a "temperature sensor failure, please repair" pop-up window and lock the auxiliary heating function.

3. The low-temperature excavator auxiliary heating determination and control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The instrument's pop-up notification includes an "audio alarm auxiliary function": when a pop-up window appears indicating "auxiliary heating required," "abnormal temperature," or "out of normal range," the instrument will simultaneously emit an intermittent beep until the operator performs a confirmation operation or the pop-up window closes automatically.

4. The control method for a low-temperature excavator auxiliary heating determination and control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The controller communicates with the engine ECU and instrument cluster via CAN using a "dual-frame verification mechanism": each frame of temperature data contains a data frame and a verification frame. The controller must receive both frames simultaneously and verify their consistency before performing temperature parsing to ensure the accuracy of data transmission.

5. The control method for a low-temperature excavator auxiliary heating determination and control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: 1) Power-on and data acquisition: After the whole machine is powered on, the engine ECU acquires the engine coolant temperature T1n, and the instrument acquires the outdoor temperature T2n of the whole machine. Both transmit the temperature data to the controller through CAN communication. 2) Temperature validity verification: The controller calculates |T1n-T2n|. If |T1n-T2n| ≤ the preset temperature deviation threshold, the coolant temperature is determined to be valid, and T0 is made equal to T1n. If |T1n-T2n| > the preset temperature deviation threshold, and the engine has been running within 3 hours, the coolant temperature is determined to be valid, and T0 is made equal to T1n. Otherwise, the instrument panel will display a "Temperature data is abnormal, please check" pop-up window. 3) Threshold reading and status determination: The controller reads the preset auxiliary heating start temperature T3 and the temperature exceeding the auxiliary heating temperature T4, and satisfies T4 < T3, and performs a determination based on the numerical relationship between T0, T3, and T4: (1) If T0 > T3: No auxiliary heating is needed, the engine can be started directly. The instrument panel will display a "Can be started directly" pop-up window. After the engine starts successfully, the "Can be started directly" pop-up window in the instrument panel will automatically close. (2) If T4 < T0 ≤ T3: The instrument will pop up a "Auxiliary heating is required to start" pop-up window. After the operator turns on the auxiliary heating, the instrument will display the real-time corrected heating countdown t, the theoretical countdown time t1, the actual heating time tn, and the coolant temperature T1n. When the heating countdown t is "0", the instrument will pop up a "Startable" pop-up window. After the operator starts the engine, the instrument will close the "Startable" pop-up window. (3) If T0 < T4: The instrument will pop up a "Exceeding the normal range of auxiliary heating, do you want to try using auxiliary heating?" pop-up window; if the operator selects "yes", then auxiliary heating will be started and the real-time corrected heating countdown t, theoretical countdown time t1, actual heating time t2, coolant temperature T1n will be displayed. When the heating countdown t is "0", the instrument will pop up a "startable" prompt. After the operator starts the engine, the instrument will turn off the "startable" prompt. If you select "No", the instrument will display "Cannot start" and indicate that the outdoor temperature T2n needs to be raised to above T3 before it can be started directly, or that T2n≥T4 is met and the estimated waiting time t1 is given. The pop-up window will close automatically according to the custom time.

6. The control method for a low-temperature excavator auxiliary heating determination and control system according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step 3), the "can be started directly" pop-up also includes "ambient temperature reminder": if T0 is in the range of T3-T3+5℃, the pop-up will simultaneously display "the current temperature is close to the auxiliary heating start threshold, and it is recommended to idle for 3 minutes after starting".

7. The control method for a low-temperature excavator auxiliary heating determination and control system according to claim 5, characterized in that, Heating countdown calculation and dynamic correction: ① Calculation of the initial value of the theoretical countdown: When T4<T0≤T3, the theoretical countdown t1=|T0-T3|×C×m / W, where m is the mass of coolant in the engine and auxiliary heating system, C is the specific heat capacity of coolant, and W is the full-load heating capacity of auxiliary heating. When T0≤T4 and the operator selects "Yes", the theoretical countdown t1=|T0-T4|×C×m / W, where m is the volume of coolant in the engine and auxiliary heating system, C is the specific heat capacity of coolant, and W is the full-load heating capacity of auxiliary heating. ② Real-time temperature acquisition and correction: At fixed intervals Δt, the controller reads the current actual coolant temperature T1n and calculates the real-time required time tn = |target temperature - T1n| × C × m / W, where the target temperature is T3 or T4; at the same time, it calculates the temperature rise frequency ΔTn = |previous tn - current tn| within Δt. ③ Countdown determination after correction: Calculate the correction time tn' based on ΔTn = |target temperature - T0| ÷ ΔTn × Δt; if |tn - tn'| ≥ preset time threshold, then the final countdown t = (tn + tn') ÷ 2; if |tn - tn'| < preset time threshold, then the final countdown t = tn; the instrument updates the t value according to the Δt frequency.

8. The control method for a low-temperature excavator auxiliary heating determination and control system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The specific heat capacity C of the coolant adopts a "temperature compensation algorithm": the controller pre-stores a table of C values ​​corresponding to different temperature ranges (-40℃-20℃), and automatically matches the corresponding C value according to the current T0 during calculation, replacing the fixed C value calculation and improving the countdown accuracy.

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