Pipe-rope combined internet of things monitoring device for sensing deformation of fractured rock mass

Abstract

The invention discloses a pipe-rope combined Internet of Things monitoring device for sensing deformation of fractured rock mass, and relates to the technical field of underground engineering surrounding rock safety monitoring equipment.The pipe-rope combined Internet of Things monitoring device comprises a plurality of first pipe bodies which are all arranged in the fractured rock mass; the rope body is arranged in the first pipe bodies and penetrates through the multiple first pipe bodies, so that ports of the multiple first pipe bodies are arranged in an abutting mode; and the second pipe body is fixedly connected with the rope body, the periphery of the second pipe body is sleeved with a positioning piece, a pressure sensor, a pin tooth piece assembly and a clipper ring, and the positioning piece is used for enabling the pressure sensor, the pin tooth piece assembly and the clipper ring to sequentially abut against and be arranged on the surface of the fractured rock mass. According to the pipe-rope combined Internet of Things monitoring device for sensing the deformation of the fractured rock mass, the ports of the two adjacent first pipe bodies are bent, and the internal rope body pulls the positioning piece and the pressure sensor, so that the deep deformation of the fractured rock mass can be accurately monitored.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of underground engineering surrounding rock safety monitoring equipment technology, and more specifically, to a tube-rope combined Internet of Things monitoring device for sensing deformation of fractured rock mass. Background Technology

[0002] Fractured rock masses are extremely common during the construction and excavation of various underground engineering projects, such as highway tunnels, water diversion tunnels, and mining roadways. Due to geological tectonic processes, weathering and unloading, or the disturbance caused by excavation, the surrounding rock quality of these masses is mostly classified as Class IV or Class V, characterized by poor overall integrity, low strength, and weak self-stabilization. Under the effects of excavation unloading and stress redistribution, they are highly susceptible to significant deformation, localized collapse, or even complete landslides, seriously threatening the safety of construction personnel and the progress of the project. This is one of the key geological challenges restricting the safe and efficient excavation of underground engineering projects.

[0003] To ensure construction safety and long-term stability, real-time and accurate convergence monitoring of surrounding rock deformation is essential. Monitoring data allows for timely understanding of the dynamic response of the surrounding rock, providing a basis for optimizing support parameters and making construction decisions. Therefore, systematic monitoring of surrounding rock deformation is an indispensable prerequisite for excavation and support operations in fractured rock sections.

[0004] Currently, anchor bolt axial force monitoring is one of the most widely used techniques in underground engineering surrounding rock safety monitoring. The conventional approach involves installing a vibrating wire pressure sensor at the tray position at the end of the anchor bolt. By measuring the compressive stress between the anchor bolt tail nut, the sensor, and the tray, the axial force change on the anchor bolt is indirectly reflected. The purpose of this method is to assess whether the anchor bolt has reached its design prestress, whether the anchoring system is functioning effectively, and whether the load is within the normal range, thereby determining the reliability of the support structure.

[0005] However, this monitoring method has significant limitations when applied to fractured rock. Firstly, the sensor can only acquire the stress state at a localized location at the anchor bolt's tail end, making it difficult to reflect the deformation development and load transfer process deep within the rock mass, and unable to fully reveal the stress adjustment and plastic zone evolution within the surrounding rock. Secondly, in fractured rock masses, the anchor bolt is often encased in loose, discontinuous rock fragments, which, through interlocking and friction, create complex, non-uniform constraints on the bolt. This constraint results in a discontinuous load transfer path between the bolt and the surrounding rock, and friction leads to significant load loss, making it difficult to effectively and completely transfer the actual axial force borne by the anchor bolt to the tray and sensor position at the tail end. This results in underestimation or distortion of the monitoring data, failing to accurately reflect the overall stress state of the anchor bolt and its actual reinforcement effect on the surrounding rock.

[0006] In conclusion, improving the monitoring effect of fractured rock mass deformation is a problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a tube-rope combined Internet of Things monitoring device for sensing the deformation of fractured rock mass, which can improve the monitoring effect of deformation and damage of fractured rock mass.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0009] A tube-rope combined IoT monitoring device for sensing deformation of fractured rock mass includes:

[0010] The first pipe body is provided in several parts, and all of the first pipe bodies are located within the fractured rock body;

[0011] A rope is disposed inside the first tube and passes through several first tubes, such that the ends of several first tubes are in contact with each other.

[0012] The second tube is fixedly connected to the rope. The outer periphery of the second tube is fitted with a positioning element, a pressure sensor, a pin tooth assembly, and a push-shear ring. The positioning element is used to sequentially abut against and position the pressure sensor, the pin tooth assembly, and the push-shear ring on the surface of the broken rock mass.

[0013] Preferably, the pin toothed assembly includes a pin, toothed segments, an internally threaded section, and a hollow base. The hollow base includes a first tubular section and a second tubular section. The first tubular section and the second tubular section have the same inner diameter. The outer diameter of the first tubular section is larger than the outer diameter of the second tubular section. The outer periphery of the second tubular section is provided with a radially threaded section. The pin is provided inside the internally threaded section. The pin is provided with toothed segments on both axial sides of the second tubular body.

[0014] Preferably, the second tubular segment has a plurality of sets of pins and corresponding toothed plates evenly distributed on its axial outer periphery.

[0015] Preferably, each group of pins comprises four pins, which are evenly distributed in the same radial section of the second tubular segment, and each group of teeth comprises eight teeth, which are arranged corresponding to the pins.

[0016] Preferably, the positioning element is a nut, and the outer circumference of the second tube is provided with external threads.

[0017] Preferably, a tray is provided between the push-shear ring and the surface of the fractured rock mass, and the tray is sleeved on the outer periphery of the second tube and abuts against the push-shear ring.

[0018] Preferably, it further includes a third tube body, which is connected to the first tube body, and the surface of the third tube body has a plurality of perforations that penetrate the tube wall evenly distributed.

[0019] Preferably, the rope body has a first connector on the side facing the third tube body, the outer periphery of the first connector has an external thread, the inner periphery of the third tube body has an internal thread, and the first tube body and the third tube body are threadedly connected.

[0020] Preferably, the rope body has a second connector at one end facing the second tube body, the outer circumference of the second connector has an external thread, the inner circumference of the second tube body has an internal thread, and the second connector is threadedly connected to the second tube body.

[0021] Preferably, it also includes an Internet of Things (IoT) module, a cloud platform, and a computer, wherein the pressure sensor, the IoT module, the cloud platform, and the computer are connected sequentially via signals.

[0022] This invention provides a tube-rope combined IoT monitoring device for sensing deformation in fractured rock mass. A first tube and a rope are disposed within the fractured rock mass. Several first tubes are arranged in abutment to each other. The rope is disposed inside the tubes and connects to a second tube on the surface of the fractured rock mass. The outer periphery of the second tube is positioned by a positioning element, a pressure sensor, a pin tooth assembly, and a push-shear ring, which are sequentially abutted against each other and positioned on the surface of the fractured rock mass. When the internal structure of the fractured rock mass changes, the first tubes can be bent from their ends. The rope inside the first tubes pulls the second tubes when the first tubes are bent, causing the second tubes and pressure sensors to move towards the fractured rock mass. This causes the pin tooth assembly to be squeezed by the push-shear ring, and the pressure sensor can accurately monitor the deep deformation of the fractured rock mass. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the tube-rope combined Internet of Things monitoring device for sensing deformation of fractured rock mass provided by the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a front view of the pin tooth assembly provided by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a side view of the pin tooth assembly provided by the present invention.

[0027] Figure label:

[0028] 1-First tube body; 2-Rope body; 3-Second tube body; 4-Positioning component; 5-Pressure sensor; 6-Pin toothed plate assembly; 601-Pin; 602-Toothed plate; 603-Internal threaded section; 604-Hollow base; 605-First tubular section; 606-Second tubular section; 7-Push-shear ring; 8-Pattern; 9-Third tube body; 10-Perforation; 11-First connector; 12-Second connector; 13-Internet of Things module; 14-Cloud platform; 15-Computer terminal. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] The core of this invention is to provide a tube-rope combined Internet of Things monitoring device for sensing the deformation of fractured rock mass, which can accurately monitor the deformation and damage of fractured rock mass.

[0031] It should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "upper", "lower", "front", and "rear" is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and is only for the purpose of facilitating the description of this application and simplifying the description. It is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0032] This application provides a tube-rope combined Internet of Things monitoring device for sensing deformation of fractured rock mass, comprising: a first tube 1, a rope 2, and a second tube 3;

[0033] Among them, there are several first pipe bodies 1, and all of the several first pipe bodies 1 are located in the fractured rock body;

[0034] The rope 2 is located inside the first tube 1 and passes through several first tubes 1 so that the ports of several first tubes 1 are in contact.

[0035] The second tube 3 is fixedly connected to the rope 2. The outer periphery of the second tube 3 is fitted with a positioning component 4, a pressure sensor 5, a pin toothed assembly 6, and a push-shear ring 7. The positioning component 4 is used to sequentially abut against and place the pressure sensor 5, the pin toothed assembly 6, and the push-shear ring 7 on the surface of the broken rock mass.

[0036] For details, please refer to the appendix. Figure 1Considering cost and structural strength, the first pipe body 1 is generally made of steel pipe. Several first pipe bodies 1 are provided, and these first pipe bodies 1 are coaxially arranged. A rope body 2 is installed inside the first pipe body 1. The rope body 2 should also have strong structural strength, generally made of steel wire rope. One end of the rope body 2 extends outside the fractured rock mass and is connected to the second pipe body 3. The exterior of the second pipe body 3 is sequentially equipped with a positioning element 4, a pressure sensor 5, a pin toothed assembly 6, and a push-shear ring 7. The positioning element 4 can restrict the pressure sensor 5, the pin toothed assembly 6, and the push-shear ring 7 to the surface of the second pipe body 3. When the internal structure of the fractured rock mass changes, taking an impending collapse as an example, the fractured rock mass can affect several... The first tube 1 is compressed, especially at the point where two adjacent first tubes 1 abut. When the two adjacent first tubes 1 are not compressed, they are coaxial. After being compressed, the two first tubes 1 can bend towards a V-shaped structure. The rope 2 inside the first tube 1 can exert a pulling force on the second tube 3. Since the positioning member 4 is fixed on the outer surface of the second tube 3, when the rope 2 pulls the second tube 3 and the positioning member 4, the positioning member 4 can push the pressure sensor 5 and the pin tooth assembly 6 towards the broken rock mass, so that the pin tooth assembly 6 and the push shear ring 7 are squeezed against each other, so that the pressure sensor 5 can monitor the internal condition of the broken rock mass.

[0037] In summary, load transfer is achieved by utilizing the "rope-pulling effect" of the wire rope inside the steel pipe. That is, the steel pipe is locked in place, but the wire rope slides freely inside the pipe, thereby sensing and judging the deformation and failure process of the fractured rock mass. This deformation and failure is then transmitted to the pin toothed plate assembly 6, the push-shear ring 7, and the pressure sensor 5 at the exposed end of the rod through the "rope-pulling effect." The entire long rod and its components are used as sensors. On-site construction is simple and highly scalable. There is no need to change the original anchoring system. It only requires adding the sensor structure proposed in this invention to the existing engineering anchoring support scheme. Therefore, it has good engineering application and scalability, and is conducive to its widespread application.

[0038] Based on the above embodiments, the pin toothed assembly 6 includes a pin 601, a toothed piece 602, an internal threaded section 603, and a hollow base 604. The hollow base 604 includes a first tubular section 605 and a second tubular section 606. The inner diameters of the first tubular section 605 and the second tubular section 606 are the same, and the outer diameter of the first tubular section 605 is larger than the outer diameter of the second tubular section 606. The outer periphery of the second tubular section 606 is provided with a radial internal threaded section 603. The pin 601 is provided inside the internal threaded section 603. The pin 601 is provided with a toothed piece 602 on both axial sides of the second tube body 3.

[0039] For details, please refer to the appendix. Figure 2The hollow base 604 has a first tubular segment 605 at its left end and a second tubular segment 606 at its right end. The first tubular segment 605 and the second tubular segment 606 have the same inner diameter and are an integrated component. The outer diameter of the first tubular segment 605 is larger than that of the second tubular segment 606. The outer periphery of the second tubular segment 606 is provided with an internally threaded segment 603 extending radially along the second tubular segment 606. Toothed plates 602 are provided on both sides of the internally threaded segment 603. A pin 601 is provided inside the internally threaded segment 603. During the deformation and failure process inside the fractured rock mass, the rope 2 can pull the second tubular body 3 and the positioning component 4, so that the pressure sensor 5 can push the first tubular segment 605. The first tubular segment 605 can squeeze the pin 601 of the second tubular segment 606, thereby causing the pin 601 to be sheared inside the second tubular body 3, realizing the monitoring of axial force by the pressure sensor 5.

[0040] Based on the above embodiments, the second tubular segment 606 has several sets of pins 601 and corresponding toothed plates 602 evenly distributed on its axial outer periphery.

[0041] For details, please refer to the appendix. Figure 3 Four sets of pins 601 and four sets of corresponding toothed plates 602 are evenly distributed on the outer axial periphery of the second tube body 3. By setting the number of pins 601 and toothed plates 602 to four sets, when the rope body 2 pulls the positioning component 4 and the pressure sensor 5, the compressive force required for the pins 601 and toothed plates 602 to cut the second tubular segment 606 is greatly reduced, which means that the deformation and damage inside the fractured rock mass can be monitored more accurately.

[0042] Based on the above embodiments, each set of pins 601 includes four pins, which are evenly distributed in the same radial section of the second tubular segment 606, and each set of teeth 602 includes eight teeth and is arranged corresponding to the pins 601.

[0043] Specifically, each set of pins 601 includes four pins, which are evenly distributed along the radial direction of the second tubular segment 606, so that each set of pins 601 and the toothed plate 602 are subjected to the same compressive force, and can exert the same shearing effect on the second tubular segment 606.

[0044] Based on the above embodiment, the positioning element 4 is a nut, and the outer periphery of the second tube 3 is provided with external threads.

[0045] Specifically, the second tube body 3 has an external thread on the left outer circumference, and the positioning part 4 is a nut. The position of the positioning part 4 can be adjusted and positioned through the threaded connection. The threaded connection is easy to install and disassemble, and the operation is simplified.

[0046] Based on the above embodiment, a tray 8 is provided between the push-shear ring 7 and the surface of the fractured rock mass. The tray 8 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the second tube 3 and abuts against the push-shear ring 7.

[0047] Specifically, the right side of the push-shear ring 7 is an arc-shaped surface, and the left end face of the tray 8 corresponds to the right arc-shaped surface of the push-shear ring 7. The area of ​​the tray 8 should be larger than the area of ​​the push-shear ring 7 to ensure that the tray 8 can fit more stably against the surface of the fractured rock mass.

[0048] Based on the above embodiment, it also includes a third tube 9, which is connected to the first tube 1, and the surface of the third tube 9 has a plurality of through holes 10 that penetrate the tube wall evenly distributed.

[0049] For details, please refer to the appendix. Figure 1 A third pipe body 9 is connected to the right side of the first pipe body 1. Several perforations 10 are evenly distributed on the surface of the third pipe body 9. The first pipe body 1 is a hollow tubular structure. The position of the rivets is fixed by setting rivets in the perforations 10 and by pouring cement. After the cement solidifies, the third pipe body 9 can be inserted into the broken rock body, which can ensure that the position of the third pipe body 9 is relatively fixed and prevent the first pipe body 1 and the third pipe body 9 from detaching from the broken rock body.

[0050] Based on the above embodiment, the rope body 2 is provided with a first connector 11 on the side facing the third tube body 9. The outer periphery of the first connector 11 is provided with an external thread, and the inner periphery of the third tube body 9 is provided with an internal thread. The first tube body 1 and the third tube body 9 are threadedly connected.

[0051] Specifically, a first connector 11 is provided at the right end of the rope body 2. The rope body 2 and the first connector 11 are fixedly connected. The size of the first connector 11 is larger than the inner diameter of the first tube body 1. Therefore, the first connector 11 will not enter the first tube body 1 and can only be set outside the first tube body 1. The outer circumference of the first connector 11 is provided with external threads, and the inner circumference of the third tube body 9 is provided with internal threads. The connection between the first connector 11 and the third tube body 9 is achieved by threaded connection. The structure is reliable and the connection is convenient.

[0052] Based on the above embodiment, the rope body 2 is provided with a second connector 12 at one end facing the second tube body 3. The outer periphery of the second connector 12 is provided with an external thread, and the inner periphery of the second tube body 3 is provided with an internal thread. The second connector 12 is threadedly connected to the second tube body 3.

[0053] Specifically, a second connector 12 is provided on the left side of the rope body 2, that is, at the end facing the second tube body 3. The size of the second connector 12 is larger than the inner diameter of the first tube body 1. Therefore, the second connector 12 can only be provided on the outside of the first tube body 1. The outer circumference of the second connector 12 is provided with external threads, and the inner circumference of the second tube body 3 is provided with internal threads. The second connector 12 is threadedly connected to the second tube body 3, which is convenient for installation.

[0054] Based on the above embodiments, it also includes an Internet of Things (IoT) module 13, a cloud platform 14, and a computer terminal 15. The pressure sensor 5, IoT module 13, cloud platform 14, and computer terminal 15 are connected sequentially via signals.

[0055] Specifically, the pressure sensor 5 is sequentially connected to the IoT module 13, the cloud platform 14, and the computer terminal 15. The pressure sensor 5 records the axial force load change process and sends the data to the cloud platform 14 through the data acquisition and IoT module 13. Then, the computer terminal 15 reads the data and performs visualization analysis.

[0056] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0057] The foregoing has provided a detailed description of a tube-rope combined IoT monitoring device for sensing deformation in fractured rock masses, as provided by this invention. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the embodiments above are merely for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications to this invention without departing from its principles, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of this invention.

Claims

1. A tube-rope combined IoT monitoring device for sensing deformation in fractured rock mass, characterized in that, include: The first pipe body (1) is provided in several parts, and all of the first pipe bodies (1) are located in the fractured rock body; The rope (2) is located inside the first tube (1) and passes through several first tubes (1) so that the ports of several first tubes (1) are connected. The second tube (3) is fixedly connected to the rope (2). The outer periphery of the second tube (3) is fitted with a positioning element (4), a pressure sensor (5), a pin tooth assembly (6), and a push-shear ring (7). The positioning element (4) is used to sequentially abut and place the pressure sensor (5), the pin tooth assembly (6), and the push-shear ring (7) on the surface of the broken rock mass.

2. The tube-rope combined IoT monitoring device for sensing deformation of fractured rock mass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pin and toothed plate assembly (6) includes a pin (601), a toothed plate (602), an internal thread section (603), and a hollow base (604). The hollow base (604) includes a first tubular section (605) and a second tubular section (606). The first tubular section (605) and the second tubular section (606) have the same inner diameter. The outer diameter of the first tubular section (605) is larger than the outer diameter of the second tubular section (606). The outer periphery of the second tubular section (606) is provided with a radial internal thread section (603). The pin (601) is provided inside the internal thread section (603). The pin (601) is provided with the toothed plate (602) on both axial sides of the second tube body (3).

3. The tube-rope combined IoT monitoring device for sensing deformation of fractured rock mass according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second tubular segment (606) has several sets of pins (601) and corresponding toothed plates (602) evenly distributed on its axial outer periphery.

4. The tube-rope combined IoT monitoring device for sensing deformation of fractured rock mass according to claim 3, characterized in that, Each group of pins (601) comprises four and is evenly distributed in the same radial section of the second tubular segment (606). Each group of teeth (602) comprises eight and is arranged corresponding to the pins (601).

5. The tube-rope combined IoT monitoring device for sensing deformation of fractured rock mass according to claim 4, characterized in that, The positioning element (4) is a nut, and the outer circumference of the second tube body (3) is provided with external threads.

6. The tube-rope combined IoT monitoring device for sensing deformation of fractured rock mass according to claim 5, characterized in that, A tray (8) is provided between the push-shear ring (7) and the surface of the broken rock mass. The tray (8) is sleeved on the outer periphery of the second tube (3) and abuts against the push-shear ring (7).

7. The tube-rope combined IoT monitoring device for sensing deformation of fractured rock mass according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a third tube (9), which is connected to the first tube (1), and the surface of the third tube (9) is evenly distributed with a number of through holes (10) penetrating the tube wall.

8. The tube-rope combined IoT monitoring device for sensing deformation of fractured rock mass according to claim 7, characterized in that, The rope (2) has a first connector (11) on the side facing the third tube (9). The outer circumference of the first connector (11) is provided with an external thread, and the inner circumference of the third tube (9) is provided with an internal thread. The first tube (1) is threadedly connected to the third tube (9).

9. The tube-rope combined IoT monitoring device for sensing deformation of fractured rock mass according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The rope (2) has a second connector (12) at one end facing the second tube (3). The outer circumference of the second connector (12) is provided with an external thread, and the inner circumference of the second tube (3) is provided with an internal thread. The second connector (12) is threadedly connected to the second tube (3).

10. The tube-rope combined IoT monitoring device for sensing deformation of fractured rock mass according to claim 9, characterized in that, It also includes an Internet of Things (IoT) module (13), a cloud platform (14), and a computer terminal (15), wherein the pressure sensor (5), the IoT module (13), the cloud platform (14), and the computer terminal (15) are connected sequentially by signals.

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