Low-voltage line load monitoring method and system

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-voltage line load monitoring method and system, and belongs to the field of intelligent power distribution monitoring, the method is suitable for a low-voltage line load monitoring device, and the device comprises three line monitoring units which are respectively installed on an A-phase lead, a B-phase lead and a C-phase lead of a low-voltage power distribution line; each line monitoring unit is configured to be a host line monitoring unit and two slave line monitoring units; the method comprises the following steps: collecting current data of corresponding phase lines at preset time intervals through each line monitoring unit; current data collected by the slave line monitoring units are transmitted to the host line monitoring unit, and the current data collected by the host line monitoring unit are combined to generate a unified data packet containing three-phase current data and timestamps, and the unified data packet is uploaded in a remote communication mode. Therefore, the problem that in the prior art, three-phase load data of a low-voltage transformer area are difficult to collect synchronously, completely and unattended can be solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the field of intelligent power distribution monitoring, and relates to a low-voltage line load monitoring method and system. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the operation and maintenance of a low-voltage distribution network, in order to deal with seasonal load fluctuations or heavy overload of a transformer area, load switching operations are often carried out. The operation relies on accurate and continuous monitoring of the three-phase current of the line to be switched to develop a switching plan scientifically and ensure power supply safety and power quality.

[0003] Currently, operation and maintenance personnel mainly use handheld current clamp meters to manually measure and record phase current data at specific time periods. This method not only relies on manual attendance, is susceptible to monitoring time period selection bias, and is difficult to achieve time synchronization and long-term continuous collection of three-phase data, resulting in insufficient representativeness of the obtained load data and lack of accurate basis for the switching plan. SUMMARY

[0004] The application provides a low-voltage line load monitoring method and system, which can solve the problem of difficult synchronization, completeness, and unattended collection of three-phase load data in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, in a first aspect, the application provides a low-voltage line load monitoring method, which is suitable for a low-voltage line load monitoring device; wherein the low-voltage line load monitoring device comprises three line monitoring units respectively installed on A, B, and C three-phase conductors of a low-voltage distribution line; and each line monitoring unit is configured as a master line monitoring unit and two slave line monitoring units.

[0006] The low-voltage line load monitoring method comprises:

[0007] Through each line monitoring unit, current data of the corresponding phase line is collected every preset time interval.

[0008] The current data collected by each slave line monitoring unit is transmitted to the master line monitoring unit, and the current data collected by the master line monitoring unit is combined to generate a unified data packet containing three-phase current data and a time stamp, which is uploaded through a remote communication mode.

[0009] Compared with existing technologies, the embodiments of this application have the following beneficial effects: By installing three line monitoring units on the A, B, and C phase conductors of the low-voltage distribution line and configuring them as a master and slave architecture, the physical distribution deployment and role coordination of the three-phase monitoring nodes are realized; by synchronously collecting the current data of the corresponding phase line at preset time intervals by each line monitoring unit, the alignment of the three-phase load data in the time dimension is ensured, avoiding load assessment deviations caused by inconsistent sampling times; by transmitting the current data collected by the two slave line monitoring units to the master line monitoring unit, and by the master combining its own collected data to generate a unified data packet containing three-phase current data and timestamps, the complete aggregation and structured encapsulation of three-phase data are realized, solving the problem that traditional single-point measurement cannot obtain complete three-phase information; and by uploading the unified data packet through remote communication, the monitoring data can be obtained by the remote system in real time, eliminating the dependence on manual on-site reading; the above features work together to construct a low-voltage line load monitoring mechanism that does not require manual intervention and can operate automatically, realizing the synchronization, completeness, and remote accessibility of three-phase current data acquisition.

[0010] In some embodiments of the first aspect of this application, each of the line monitoring units is configured with a clamp-like structure;

[0011] The line monitoring unit is clamped onto the conductor by the clamp-shaped structure and performs non-contact sampling of the current of each phase line.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the above embodiments have the following advantages: each line monitoring unit is equipped with a clamp-shaped structure, and the current is sampled non-contactly by clamping the clamp-shaped structure onto the conductor. This avoids the need to disconnect the power, strip the wire or modify the line to complete the installation, which significantly improves the convenience of on-site deployment and the safety of operation, while reducing the risk of damage to the insulation performance of the line.

[0013] In some embodiments of the first aspect of this application, the clamp-like structure is configured with a locking mechanism;

[0014] The locking mechanism is used to lock the corresponding line monitoring unit onto the conductor in response to a locking command.

[0015] The locking mechanism is also used to unlock the corresponding line monitoring unit and the conductor in response to an unlocking command.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the above embodiments have the following beneficial effects: by configuring a locking mechanism on the clamp-shaped structure, the line monitoring unit can respond to external commands to physically lock and unlock after installation, thereby preventing unauthorized personnel from disassembling the device at will and ensuring the physical integrity and data continuity of the equipment during long-term unattended monitoring.

[0017] In some embodiments of the first aspect of this application, the locking mechanism includes an electromagnetic pin, a sliding latch, a base, and a base spring; wherein, the base is fixedly mounted on the main body of the clamp-shaped structure, the electromagnetic pin is disposed within the base, and its front end can extend out and abut against one side of the sliding latch; the sliding latch is slidably mounted on the base along the horizontal direction of the base, and its other side is used to clamp a wire; the base spring is disposed below the sliding latch, one end of which is fixed to the base, and the other end pushes the sliding latch upward;

[0018] The response to the locking command locks the corresponding line monitoring unit onto the conductor, and the response to the unlocking command unlocks the corresponding line monitoring unit from the conductor, including:

[0019] In response to a locking command, the electromagnetic pin pushes the sliding latch to lock the clamp structure onto the wire;

[0020] In response to the unlocking command, the base spring pushes the sliding latch to reset, causing the electromagnetic pin to pop out and unlock.

[0021] Compared with existing technologies, the above embodiments have the following advantages: the locking mechanism specifically includes an electromagnetic pin, a sliding latch, a base, and a base spring. When responding to a locking command, the electromagnetic pin pushes the sliding latch to firmly lock the clamp-like structure onto the wire, achieving mechanical self-locking. When responding to an unlocking command, the base spring pushes the sliding latch to reset, causing the electromagnetic pin to pop out and unlock. This electromechanical linkage mechanism, while ensuring the reliability of locking, achieves low-power, remotely controllable anti-theft functions, avoiding the limitations of purely mechanical locks that require on-site operation.

[0022] In some embodiments of the first aspect of this application, the step of collecting current data of the corresponding phase line at preset time intervals through each line monitoring unit includes:

[0023] Acquire the raw current signal of the corresponding phase line;

[0024] The original current signal is filtered and denoised, and the average current value within a preset time interval is calculated as the corresponding current data.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the above embodiments have the following beneficial effects: by filtering and denoising the original current signal of the corresponding phase line after acquisition, and calculating the average current value within a preset time interval as the final current data, the influence of noise interference such as high-frequency harmonics and instantaneous impacts in the power grid on load assessment is effectively suppressed, so that the acquired current data can better reflect the actual electricity consumption trend of users and enhance the data reliability of subsequent load cutover decisions.

[0026] In some embodiments of the first aspect of this application, each of the line monitoring units is configured with a current transformer and an analog-to-digital converter chip;

[0027] The acquisition of the original current signal of the corresponding phase line includes:

[0028] Based on the current transformer, the transformation ratio is adaptively adjusted according to the current amplitude, and the analog signal of the current in each phase line is collected.

[0029] The analog signal is converted into a digital signal by the analog-to-digital converter chip, which serves as the original current signal.

[0030] Compared with existing technologies, the above embodiments have the following advantages: By configuring current transformers and analog-to-digital converters in each line monitoring unit, when acquiring the raw current signal, the current transformers adaptively adjust the transformation ratio according to the current amplitude, thereby maintaining high linearity and measurement accuracy over a wide current range. This avoids the problems of low signal-to-noise ratio at low currents or core saturation at high currents in fixed-ratio transformers. Furthermore, the analog-to-digital converters convert the analog signals into digital signals, providing a calculable and compressible standardized input for subsequent digital processing and wireless transmission, thereby improving the signal fidelity and system compatibility of the entire monitoring link.

[0031] In some embodiments of the first aspect of this application, each current data is configured with a corresponding phase line identifier and acquisition time;

[0032] The process of transmitting the current data collected by each slave line monitoring unit to the master line monitoring unit, and combining the current data collected by the master line monitoring unit to generate a unified data packet containing three-phase current data and a timestamp, includes:

[0033] The current data are categorized and aligned according to the phase line identifier, and a unified timestamp is generated by combining the acquisition time of each current data.

[0034] The categorized and aligned current data, the unified timestamp, and the device identifier of each line monitoring unit are encapsulated into a structured unified data packet.

[0035] In this preferred embodiment, by configuring corresponding phase line identifiers and acquisition times for each current data, when the host integrates the data, the current data are first classified and aligned according to the phase line identifiers, and then a unified timestamp is generated by combining the acquisition time of each data to ensure that the three-phase currents are consistent in both phase sequence and time dimensions. Finally, the aligned three-phase currents, unified timestamps, and device identifiers are encapsulated into a structured unified data packet. This processing mechanism solves the technical problem that distributed independent acquisition nodes cannot restore the true three-phase load state due to the lack of topological association, and provides a structured and parsable data foundation for advanced applications such as three-phase imbalance calculation and load trend analysis in remote systems.

[0036] In some embodiments of the first aspect of this application, each of the line monitoring units further includes: a Bluetooth communication chip;

[0037] The Bluetooth communication chip is used to transmit the current data collected by each slave line monitoring unit to the master line monitoring unit.

[0038] In this preferred embodiment, each line monitoring unit is equipped with a Bluetooth communication chip, and the current data collected by the slave unit is transmitted to the master unit using the chip. This achieves low-power, short-range wireless data aggregation between the master and slave units, avoiding the deployment complexity and reliability risks associated with wired connections. At the same time, since the slave unit only needs Bluetooth communication, the power consumption of the slave unit is significantly reduced, the battery life of the entire device in the field without mains power is extended, and the sustainability of the system deployment is improved.

[0039] In some embodiments of the first aspect of this application, each of the line monitoring units includes a power module for providing an independent operating power supply for each of the line monitoring units.

[0040] In this preferred embodiment, each line monitoring unit includes a power module, which provides an independent power supply for each unit. This allows each monitoring node to operate independently without external power supply, without relying on on-site sockets or power lines. This significantly improves the deployment flexibility and long-term monitoring reliability of the device in various branch nodes of low-voltage power distribution lines and complex outdoor environments.

[0041] In a second aspect, the present invention also provides a low-voltage line load monitoring system, comprising: a low-voltage line load monitoring device and a human-machine interaction unit;

[0042] The human-computer interaction unit is at least one of a mobile client, a computer client, and a remote server;

[0043] The low-voltage line load monitoring device is configured to implement any of the low-voltage line load monitoring methods described in the first aspect above.

[0044] The human-computer interaction unit is used to receive the unified data packet uploaded by the host line monitoring unit and display it in the form of a current trend graph;

[0045] The human-machine interaction unit is also used to send unlocking and locking commands to each of the line monitoring units.

[0046] Compared with existing technologies, the above embodiments of this application have the following beneficial effects: By introducing a human-machine interaction unit into the low-voltage line load monitoring system, wherein the human-machine interaction unit is at least one of a mobile client, a computer client, or a remote server, the unified data packet uploaded by the host line monitoring unit can be visualized in the form of a current trend graph, thereby transforming the raw current data into an intuitive and readable load change curve, which facilitates maintenance personnel to quickly grasp the temporal characteristics and unbalanced state of the three-phase load in the transformer area; at the same time, the human-machine interaction unit can also send interlocking and unlocking commands to each line monitoring unit, realizing remote controllable operation of the field device, avoiding the inefficiency and safety risks of traditional physical locks requiring manual unlocking; the above two-way interaction mechanism not only improves the availability and decision support capabilities of load monitoring data, but also constructs a closed-loop management architecture of "remote monitoring - on-site execution - status feedback", significantly enhancing the intelligence level and maintenance response efficiency of low-voltage transformer area load cutover operations. Attached Figure Description

[0047] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a low-voltage line load monitoring method provided in some embodiments of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of an intelligent analyzer for load cutover in a transformer substation, provided in some embodiments of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the composition of a line intelligent analysis unit provided in some embodiments of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of on-site installation provided in some embodiments of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 5 This is an appearance diagram of a line intelligent analysis unit provided in some embodiments of the present invention.

[0052] Figure 6 This is a partial view of an anti-theft lock provided in some embodiments of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0053] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0054] Example 1:

[0055] Please refer to Figure 1 To address the problem of difficulty in synchronously, completely, and unattended acquisition of three-phase load data in low-voltage distribution areas in existing technologies, an embodiment of the present invention provides a low-voltage line load monitoring method applicable to low-voltage line load monitoring devices; wherein, the low-voltage line load monitoring device includes: three line monitoring units respectively installed on the A, B, and C phase conductors of the low-voltage distribution line; and each line monitoring unit is configured as one master line monitoring unit and two slave line monitoring units;

[0056] The low-voltage line load monitoring method includes steps S1-S2, as follows:

[0057] Step S1: Collect the current data of the corresponding phase line at preset time intervals through each line monitoring unit;

[0058] Step S2: Transmit the current data collected by each slave line monitoring unit to the master line monitoring unit, and combine the current data collected by the master line monitoring unit to generate a unified data packet containing three-phase current data and timestamps, and upload it through remote communication.

[0059] Furthermore, each of the aforementioned line monitoring units is equipped with a clamp-like structure;

[0060] The line monitoring unit is clamped onto the conductor by the clamp-shaped structure and performs non-contact sampling of the current of each phase line.

[0061] In this preferred embodiment, each line monitoring unit is equipped with a clamp-like structure, which is used to clamp onto the conductor to perform non-contact sampling of the current. This avoids the need to disconnect the power, strip the wire, or modify the line to complete the installation, significantly improving the convenience of on-site deployment and operational safety, while reducing the risk of damage to the insulation performance of the line.

[0062] Furthermore, the clamp-like structure is equipped with a locking mechanism;

[0063] The locking mechanism is used to lock the corresponding line monitoring unit onto the conductor in response to a locking command.

[0064] The locking mechanism is also used to unlock the corresponding line monitoring unit and the conductor in response to an unlocking command.

[0065] In this preferred embodiment, by configuring a locking mechanism on the clamp-shaped structure, the line monitoring unit can physically lock and unlock in response to external commands after installation, thereby preventing unauthorized personnel from disassembling the device at will and ensuring the physical integrity and data continuity of the equipment during long-term unattended monitoring.

[0066] Furthermore, the locking mechanism includes an electromagnetic pin, a sliding latch, a base, and a base spring; wherein, the base is fixedly installed on the main body of the clamp-shaped structure, the electromagnetic pin is disposed inside the base, and its front end can extend out and abut against one side of the sliding latch; the sliding latch is slidably installed on the base along the horizontal direction of the base, and its other side is used to clamp the wire; the base spring is disposed below the sliding latch, one end of which is fixed to the base, and the other end pushes the sliding latch upward;

[0067] The response to the locking command locks the corresponding line monitoring unit onto the conductor, and the response to the unlocking command unlocks the corresponding line monitoring unit from the conductor, including:

[0068] In response to a locking command, the electromagnetic pin pushes the sliding latch to lock the clamp structure onto the wire;

[0069] In response to the unlocking command, the base spring pushes the sliding latch to reset, causing the electromagnetic pin to pop out and unlock.

[0070] In this preferred embodiment, the locking mechanism specifically includes an electromagnetic pin, a sliding latch, a base, and a base spring. When a locking command is received, the electromagnetic pin pushes the sliding latch to firmly lock the clamp-like structure onto the wire, achieving mechanical self-locking. When an unlocking command is received, the base spring pushes the sliding latch to reset, causing the electromagnetic pin to pop out and unlock. This electromechanical linkage mechanism, while ensuring locking reliability, achieves low-power, remotely controllable anti-theft functionality, avoiding the limitations of purely mechanical locks that require on-site operation.

[0071] Furthermore, the step of collecting current data of the corresponding phase line at preset time intervals through each line monitoring unit includes:

[0072] Acquire the raw current signal of the corresponding phase line;

[0073] The original current signal is filtered and denoised, and the average current value within a preset time interval is calculated as the corresponding current data.

[0074] In this preferred embodiment, by filtering and denoising the original current signal of the corresponding phase line after acquisition, and calculating the average current value within a preset time interval as the final current data, the influence of noise interference such as high-frequency harmonics and instantaneous impacts in the power grid on load assessment is effectively suppressed, so that the acquired current data can better reflect the user's real electricity consumption trend and enhance the data reliability of subsequent load cutover decisions.

[0075] Furthermore, each of the aforementioned line monitoring units is equipped with a current transformer and an analog-to-digital converter chip;

[0076] The acquisition of the original current signal of the corresponding phase line includes:

[0077] Based on the current transformer, the transformation ratio is adaptively adjusted according to the current amplitude, and the analog signal of the current in each phase line is collected.

[0078] The analog signal is converted into a digital signal by the analog-to-digital converter chip, which serves as the original current signal.

[0079] In this preferred embodiment, by configuring current transformers and analog-to-digital converters in each line monitoring unit, the current transformers adaptively adjust their turns ratio according to the current amplitude when acquiring the raw current signal, thereby maintaining high linearity and measurement accuracy over a wide current range. This avoids the problems of low signal-to-noise ratio at low currents or core saturation at high currents that occur with fixed-ratio transformers. The analog signal is then converted into a digital signal by the analog-to-digital converter, providing a calculable and compressible standardized input for subsequent digital processing and wireless transmission, thus improving the signal fidelity and system compatibility of the entire monitoring link.

[0080] Furthermore, each of the aforementioned current data is configured with a corresponding phase line identifier and acquisition time;

[0081] The process of transmitting the current data collected by each slave line monitoring unit to the master line monitoring unit, and combining the current data collected by the master line monitoring unit to generate a unified data packet containing three-phase current data and a timestamp, includes:

[0082] The current data are categorized and aligned according to the phase line identifier, and a unified timestamp is generated by combining the acquisition time of each current data.

[0083] The categorized and aligned current data, the unified timestamp, and the device identifier of each line monitoring unit are encapsulated into a structured unified data packet.

[0084] In this preferred embodiment, by configuring corresponding phase line identifiers and acquisition times for each current data, when the host integrates the data, the current data is first classified and aligned according to the phase line identifiers, and then a unified timestamp is generated by combining the acquisition time of each data to ensure that the three-phase currents are consistent in both phase sequence and time dimensions. Finally, the aligned three-phase currents, unified timestamps, and device identifiers are encapsulated into a structured unified data packet. This processing mechanism solves the technical problem that distributed independent acquisition nodes cannot restore the true three-phase load state due to the lack of topological association, and provides a structured and parsable data foundation for advanced applications such as three-phase imbalance calculation and load trend analysis in remote systems.

[0085] Furthermore, each of the aforementioned line monitoring units also includes: a Bluetooth communication chip;

[0086] The Bluetooth communication chip is used to transmit the current data collected by each slave line monitoring unit to the master line monitoring unit.

[0087] In this preferred embodiment, each line monitoring unit is equipped with a Bluetooth communication chip, and the current data collected by the slave is transmitted to the master using the chip. This achieves low-power, short-range wireless data aggregation between the master and slave units, avoiding the deployment complexity and reliability risks associated with wired connections. At the same time, since the slave only needs Bluetooth communication, the slave power consumption is significantly reduced, extending the battery life of the entire device in outdoor environments without mains power, and improving the sustainability of system deployment.

[0088] Furthermore, each of the line monitoring units includes a power module for providing an independent operating power supply for each of the line monitoring units.

[0089] In this preferred embodiment, each line monitoring unit includes a power module, providing an independent power supply for each unit. This allows each monitoring node to operate independently without external power supply, eliminating the need for on-site sockets or power lines. This significantly improves the deployment flexibility and long-term monitoring reliability of the device in various branch nodes of low-voltage power distribution lines and complex outdoor environments.

[0090] In summary, compared with the prior art, the above embodiments of this application have the following beneficial effects: by installing three line monitoring units on the A, B, and C phase conductors of the low-voltage distribution line and configuring them as a master and slave architecture, the physical distribution deployment and role coordination of the three-phase monitoring nodes are realized; by synchronously collecting the current data of the corresponding phase line at preset time intervals by each line monitoring unit, the alignment of the three-phase load data in the time dimension is ensured, avoiding load assessment deviations caused by inconsistent sampling times; by transmitting the current data collected by the two slave line monitoring units to the master line monitoring unit, and by the master combining its own collected data to generate a unified data packet containing three-phase current data and timestamps, the complete aggregation and structured encapsulation of three-phase data are realized, solving the problem that traditional single-point measurement cannot obtain complete three-phase information; and by uploading the unified data packet through remote communication, the monitoring data can be obtained by the remote system in real time, eliminating the dependence on manual on-site reading; the above features work together to construct a low-voltage line load monitoring mechanism that does not require manual intervention and can operate automatically, realizing the synchronization, integrity, and remote accessibility of three-phase current data acquisition.

[0091] Example 2:

[0092] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention discloses a low-voltage line load monitoring system, comprising: a low-voltage line load monitoring device and a human-machine interaction unit;

[0093] The human-computer interaction unit is at least one of a mobile client, a computer client, and a remote server;

[0094] The low-voltage line load monitoring device is configured to implement any one of the low-voltage line load monitoring methods as described in Embodiment 1 above.

[0095] The human-computer interaction unit is used to receive the unified data packet uploaded by the host line monitoring unit and display it in the form of a current trend graph;

[0096] The human-machine interaction unit is also used to send unlocking and locking commands to each of the line monitoring units.

[0097] In summary, compared with the prior art, the embodiments of this application have the following beneficial effects: By introducing a human-machine interaction unit into the low-voltage line load monitoring system, wherein the human-machine interaction unit is at least one of a mobile client, a computer client, or a remote server, the unified data packet uploaded by the host line monitoring unit can be visualized in the form of a current trend graph, thereby transforming the raw current data into an intuitive and readable load change curve, which facilitates maintenance personnel to quickly grasp the temporal characteristics and unbalanced state of the three-phase load in the transformer area; at the same time, the human-machine interaction unit can also send interlocking and unlocking commands to each line monitoring unit, realizing remote controllable operation of the field device, avoiding the inefficiency and safety risks of traditional physical locks requiring manual unlocking; the above-mentioned two-way interaction mechanism not only improves the availability and decision support capability of load monitoring data, but also constructs a closed-loop management architecture of "remote monitoring - on-site execution - status feedback", significantly enhancing the intelligence level and maintenance response efficiency of low-voltage transformer area load cutover operations.

[0098] In practical implementation, to better illustrate the technical realization of this application, and considering the application scenario of cutover load analysis, the entire low-voltage line load monitoring system of this application can be manufactured as an intelligent analyzer for transformer area load cutover. (Reference) Figure 2 The diagram shows the structure of a smart analyzer for transformer area load cutover. One set of smart analyzers consists of three intelligent line analysis units (i.e., line monitoring units) and a human-machine interface unit. Each intelligent line analysis unit includes modules such as a data acquisition module, a communication module, and a transmission module. Each intelligent line analysis unit monitors three phases (A, B, and C) and records real-time three-phase current data every 15 minutes. One of phases (A, B, and C) can be designated as the master phase, and the other two as slave phases. Every 15 minutes, the slave phase devices aggregate the average current value over a unit of time to the master phase device via Bluetooth. The master phase device then uploads the average current of each phase over a unit of time to the human-machine interface unit.

[0099] Further, refer to Figure 3 The diagram shows the composition of a line intelligent analysis unit. The module functions of the line intelligent analysis unit are as follows:

[0100] (1) Data Acquisition Module: Responsible for acquiring current signals from the line. It generally adopts a clamp-on structure, which can be clamped onto the line. It has a built-in adaptive CT sensor and AD conversion chip. The CT sensor (current transformer) acquires the current in real time and can adaptively adjust the transformation ratio according to the current magnitude to make the monitoring data more accurate for subsequent processing and analysis. The AD conversion chip converts the analog signal into a digital signal for further processing by the data analysis unit.

[0101] (2) Data processing module: It is responsible for processing the data collected by the acquisition module in real time. It is mainly composed of high-performance processing chips, which perform filtering, noise reduction and feature extraction preprocessing on the data. In addition, it can also build some data analysis algorithms to perform trend analysis on the collected data.

[0102] (3) Communication Module: Responsible for data transmission, mainly composed of Bluetooth communication chip and 4G communication chip. Bluetooth communication is responsible for data transmission between intelligent analysis units of each line, as well as data interaction with the mobile app in the human-machine interaction unit, which facilitates maintenance personnel to view measurement data in real time on site; 4G communication is responsible for data interaction with the remote backend in the human-machine interaction unit, which facilitates remote real-time monitoring and data storage.

[0103] (4) Power module: It is responsible for providing a stable power supply to each module. It is generally powered by lithium battery to meet the needs of different installation environments. It is portable and environmentally friendly, and can be charged repeatedly.

[0104] Human-Computer Interaction Unit: Responsible for displaying the data collected and analyzed by the intelligent line analysis unit in the form of current trend graphs, providing intuitive feedback on the line's operating status and helping users to promptly identify anomalies. It consists of a remote computer backend and a mobile app, and may also include a remote server.

[0105] In this solution, the intelligent load cutover analyzer for transformer substations employs multi-connection communication technology to achieve multi-connection communication between intelligent line analysis units and between intelligent line analysis units and human-machine interaction units (mobile phones, cloud-based backend servers), enabling unified data uploading and processing. This improves system flexibility and data transmission efficiency, ensures data accuracy and real-time performance, and simultaneously reduces power consumption, as detailed below:

[0106] refer to Figure 4 The diagram shows a field installation setup. Three intelligent line analysis units (one master unit and two slave units) are installed on phases A, B, and C of the power line or monitoring point, respectively, and are responsible for collecting data from their respective monitored phases. The specific workflow is as follows:

[0107] Intelligent Line Analysis Unit (Slave): As a slave node, it is responsible for collecting current data of the monitored phase lines and sending the collected data to the host via the communication module. The slave is only responsible for data acquisition and short-range transmission, using low-power Bluetooth technology to communicate with the host, ensuring stable and efficient data transmission while minimizing the overall energy consumption of the device and extending battery life. The Bluetooth chip in the slave communication module establishes point-to-point short-range wireless communication with the host. After data acquisition, the slave packages the collected data into standardized data packets, which contain timestamps, monitoring point numbers, and current data information. The slave periodically (e.g., every 15 minutes) sends the collected current data to the host.

[0108] The line intelligent analysis unit (master unit) acts as the master node, responsible for receiving data from the two line intelligent analysis units (slave units) and uploading the integrated data to the human-machine interface unit (HMI) via the communication module. The master unit not only collects local data but also handles communication with the HMI and data forwarding, serving as the core data hub for the entire distribution area load cutover intelligent analyzer. Upon receiving data from the slave units, the master unit integrates the monitoring data from the three devices into a unified data packet. This data packet includes current data, acquisition time, and device status information from monitoring points A, B, and C, ensuring accurate identification of the data source and corresponding timestamp for each monitoring point. Data can typically be uploaded periodically or in real-time based on system-defined time intervals or specific conditions (such as data anomalies or device alarms). This design ensures data real-time performance and continuity, enabling timely transmission of monitoring information to the cloud for remote monitoring and analysis by users.

[0109] As a supplement, the intelligent analyzer for transformer load cutover is also designed with anti-theft features: maintenance personnel can control the locking or unlocking of the clamps on the acquisition module of the intelligent analysis unit via the human-machine interface, as detailed below:

[0110] refer to Figure 5 The diagram shows the appearance of a line intelligent analysis unit, and Figure 6 The image shown is a partial view of an anti-theft lock. The components shown are as follows:

[0111] 1. Electromagnetic latch; 2. Sliding buckle; 3. Bluetooth module; 4. Base (with spring). Due to the complex wiring distribution in the low-voltage distribution area, a control interlocking design is adopted to prevent unauthorized personnel from moving the device after installation, ensuring that other personnel cannot arbitrarily remove the device from the wiring.

[0112] During interlocking, maintenance personnel issue an interlocking command through the human-machine interface unit. This command is transmitted via Bluetooth to the Bluetooth module of the line intelligent analysis unit, and then the relevant mechanisms of the data acquisition module of the line intelligent analysis unit execute the command. After the coil on electromagnetic pin 1 is energized, it pushes the pin and sliding latch 2 forward, locking the CT coil in place. Once the pin is locked, it slides down to the slot, firmly engaging the pin. At this point, the coil is de-energized, completing the interlocking process.

[0113] When unlocking, the maintenance personnel issue an unlocking command through the human-machine interaction unit. This command is transmitted to the Bluetooth module of the line intelligent analysis unit via Bluetooth communication. Subsequently, the relevant mechanism of the data acquisition module of the line intelligent analysis unit executes the command, the spring on the base 4 pushes forward, pushes open the sliding buckle 2, the electromagnetic pin 1 pops out, and the lock is released.

[0114] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above descriptions are merely specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In particular, it should be noted that any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention for those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring the load of low-voltage lines, characterized in that, Applicable to low-voltage line load monitoring devices; wherein, the low-voltage line load monitoring device includes: three line monitoring units respectively installed on the A, B, and C phase conductors of the low-voltage distribution line; and each line monitoring unit is configured as one master line monitoring unit and two slave line monitoring units; The low-voltage line load monitoring method includes: Each line monitoring unit collects current data of the corresponding phase line at preset time intervals. The current data collected by each slave line monitoring unit is transmitted to the master line monitoring unit, and combined with the current data collected by the master line monitoring unit, a unified data packet containing three-phase current data and timestamps is generated and uploaded via remote communication.

2. The low-voltage line load monitoring method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the aforementioned line monitoring units is equipped with a clamp-like structure; The line monitoring unit is clamped onto the conductor by the clamp-shaped structure and performs non-contact sampling of the current of each phase line.

3. The low-voltage line load monitoring method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The clamp-like structure is equipped with a locking mechanism; The locking mechanism is used to lock the corresponding line monitoring unit onto the conductor in response to a locking command. The locking mechanism is also used to unlock the corresponding line monitoring unit and the conductor in response to an unlocking command.

4. The low-voltage line load monitoring method as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The locking mechanism includes an electromagnetic pin, a sliding latch, a base, and a base spring. The base is fixedly mounted on the main body of the clamp-shaped structure. The electromagnetic pin is disposed within the base, with its front end extending out and abutting against one side of the sliding latch. The sliding latch is slidably mounted on the base along its horizontal direction, with its other side used to clamp a wire. The base spring is disposed below the sliding latch, with one end fixed to the base and the other end pushing the sliding latch upwards. The response to the locking command locks the corresponding line monitoring unit onto the conductor, and the response to the unlocking command unlocks the corresponding line monitoring unit from the conductor, including: In response to a locking command, the electromagnetic pin pushes the sliding latch to lock the clamp structure onto the wire; In response to the unlocking command, the base spring pushes the sliding latch to reset, causing the electromagnetic pin to pop out and unlock.

5. The low-voltage line load monitoring method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The process involves collecting current data for the corresponding phase line at preset time intervals through each line monitoring unit, including: Acquire the raw current signal of the corresponding phase line; The original current signal is filtered and denoised, and the average current value within a preset time interval is calculated as the corresponding current data.

6. The low-voltage line load monitoring method as described in claim 5, characterized in that, Each of the aforementioned line monitoring units is equipped with a current transformer and an analog-to-digital converter chip; The acquisition of the original current signal of the corresponding phase line includes: Based on the current transformer, the transformation ratio is adaptively adjusted according to the current amplitude, and the analog signal of the current in each phase line is collected. The analog signal is converted into a digital signal by the analog-to-digital converter chip, which serves as the original current signal.

7. The low-voltage line load monitoring method as described in claim 6, characterized in that, Each current data point is configured with a corresponding phase line identifier and acquisition time; The process of transmitting the current data collected by each slave line monitoring unit to the master line monitoring unit, and combining the current data collected by the master line monitoring unit to generate a unified data packet containing three-phase current data and a timestamp, includes: The current data are categorized and aligned according to the phase line identifier, and a unified timestamp is generated by combining the acquisition time of each current data. The categorized and aligned current data, the unified timestamp, and the device identifier of each line monitoring unit are encapsulated into a structured unified data packet.

8. A low-voltage line load monitoring method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the aforementioned line monitoring units further includes: a Bluetooth communication chip; The Bluetooth communication chip is used to transmit the current data collected by each slave line monitoring unit to the master line monitoring unit.

9. A low-voltage line load monitoring method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the line monitoring units includes a power module for providing an independent operating power supply for each of the line monitoring units.

10. A low-voltage line load monitoring system, characterized in that, include: Low-voltage line load monitoring device and human-machine interface unit; The human-computer interaction unit is at least one of a mobile client, a computer client, and a remote server; The low-voltage line load monitoring device is configured to implement a low-voltage line load monitoring method as described in any one of claims 1 to 9; The human-computer interaction unit is used to receive the unified data packet uploaded by the host line monitoring unit and display it in the form of a current trend graph; The human-machine interaction unit is also used to send unlocking and locking commands to each of the line monitoring units.

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