Antenna system and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention provides an antenna system and electronic equipment, the antenna system comprises a first radiation branch knot, a first parasitic branch knot and a second parasitic branch knot, the first parasitic branch knot and the second parasitic branch knot are coupled with the first radiation branch knot through gaps, a first feed circuit excites the first radiation branch knot to generate first resonance, and a second feed circuit excites the second radiation branch knot to generate second resonance. And the first parasitic branch knot and the second parasitic branch knot are excited to generate homonymous parasitic resonance. A multi-current aggregation satellite communication antenna system is formed by using the first radiation branch knot and the parasitic branch knots on the two sides, so that the radiation direction coverage range of a zenith area of equipment is widened, and the satellite communication performance is improved. And the antenna system is wider in coverage range in the radiation direction of the uplink and downlink frequency bands of the Beidou, larger in overlapping area and good in symmetry, so that the communication performance of the Beidou satellite is better. In addition, the suspended first radiation branch knot can be effectively compatible with SAR detection, and the performance of the satellite communication antenna is maximized under the condition that it is guaranteed that the antenna system meets the SAR index requirement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of wireless radio frequency communication technology, specifically to an antenna system and electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of satellite communication technology, some smartphones have begun to support satellite communication functions such as Tiantong and Beidou. Satellite communication functions can provide users with emergency external communication capabilities in scenarios without network coverage, such as in the wild, at sea, and in deserts.

[0003] Currently, mobile phone satellite communication antennas are mainly implemented using metal frames. In related technologies, the performance of satellite communication antennas on mobile phones is poor, affecting communication efficiency and even causing connection failures or disconnections. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To improve the satellite communication performance of electronic devices, this disclosure provides an antenna system and an electronic device.

[0005] In a first aspect, this disclosure provides an antenna system including a first radiating stub, a first parasitic stub, and a second parasitic stub disposed on the frame of an electronic device. A first end of the first radiating stub is coupled to the first parasitic stub through a first gap, and a second end of the first radiating stub is coupled to the second parasitic stub through a second gap.

[0006] The first radiating stub includes a first feed point, which is connected to a first feed circuit. The first feed circuit excites the first radiating stub to generate a first resonance, and through the coupling, it excites the first parasitic stub and the second parasitic stub to generate parasitic resonances in the same direction as the current of the first resonance.

[0007] In some embodiments, one end of the first parasitic branch is coupled to the first end of the first radiating branch through the first gap, and the other end is grounded;

[0008] The first parasitic stub includes a second feed point, which is connected to a second feed circuit. The second feed circuit excites the first parasitic stub to generate a second resonance.

[0009] In some implementations, the first resonance includes a satellite communication frequency band, and the second resonance includes a satellite positioning frequency band.

[0010] In some embodiments, the first parasitic branch includes a third feed point, the distance between the third feed point and the first gap being less than the distance between the second feed point and the first gap;

[0011] The third feed point is connected to the third feed circuit, and the third feed circuit excites the first parasitic stub to generate a third resonance.

[0012] In some embodiments, the first parasitic branch includes a first tuning point connected to a first matching circuit, the first matching circuit including a tuning branch including a grounded tuning device;

[0013] The first matching circuit is configured to conduct the tuning branch when the first resonance and the second resonance are excited.

[0014] In some embodiments, one end of the second parasitic branch is coupled to the second end of the first radiating branch through the second gap, and the other end is grounded;

[0015] The second parasitic stub includes a fourth feed point, which is connected to a fourth feed circuit. The fourth feed circuit records the fourth resonance generated by the second parasitic stub, which includes the mid-to-high frequency band.

[0016] In some implementations, the first radiative branch includes a SAR detection point connected to a SAR detection circuit.

[0017] In some implementations, the satellite communication frequency band includes the BeiDou short message transmission and reception frequency band, and / or the TianTong satellite voice transmission and reception frequency band.

[0018] Secondly, this disclosure provides an electronic device including the antenna system described in any of the foregoing embodiments.

[0019] In some embodiments, the electronic device of this disclosure further includes:

[0020] The frame is made of metal and has a rectangular structure.

[0021] The first radiating branch is located at the middle of the top edge of the rectangular structure of the frame, and the first parasitic branch and the second parasitic branch are respectively located on both sides of the top edge. Furthermore, the first radiating branch, the first parasitic branch, and the second parasitic branch are symmetrical about the virtual axis of symmetry of the rectangular structure.

[0022] In some embodiments, the electronic device further includes a metal support portion disposed inside the rectangular structure of the frame, the support portion forming the ground plane of the antenna system, and the first parasitic branch and the second parasitic branch being connected to the support portion and grounded through a rigid structure.

[0023] In some embodiments, the electronic device further includes a camera module located diagonally near the first parasitic branch.

[0024] The antenna system of this disclosure includes a first radiating stub, a first parasitic stub, and a second parasitic stub. The first and second parasitic stubs are coupled to the first radiating stub through gaps. A first feed circuit excites the first radiating stub to generate a first resonance and excites co-directional parasitic resonances on the first and second parasitic stubs. A multi-current convergence satellite communication antenna system is formed using the first radiating stub and the parasitic stubs on both sides, thereby widening the radiation direction coverage of the device's zenith region and improving satellite communication performance. Furthermore, the antenna system has a wider radiation direction coverage in the BeiDou uplink and downlink frequency bands, a larger overlap area, and better symmetry, resulting in better BeiDou satellite communication performance. Additionally, the suspended first radiating stub can effectively accommodate SAR detection, maximizing the performance of the satellite communication antenna while ensuring that the antenna system meets SAR performance requirements. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of this disclosure or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this disclosure. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna system in related technologies.

[0027] Figure 2a and Figure 2b It is the radiation pattern of the antenna system in related technologies.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device in some embodiments of this disclosure.

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna system in some embodiments of this disclosure.

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the current distribution of the antenna system in some embodiments of this disclosure.

[0031] Figure 6 This is a comparative illustration of the radiation patterns of the antenna system in some embodiments of this disclosure.

[0032] Figure 7 This is a radiation pattern of an antenna system in some embodiments of this disclosure.

[0033] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna system in some other embodiments of this disclosure.

[0034] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna system in some embodiments of this disclosure.

[0035] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna system in some embodiments of this disclosure.

[0036] Figure 11 This is a Smith chart of the antenna system in some embodiments of this disclosure.

[0037] Figure 12 These are performance curves of the antenna system in some embodiments of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solutions of this disclosure will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this disclosure, not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this disclosure without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this disclosure. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of this disclosure described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0039] Satellite communication refers to communication between ground-based wireless devices using satellites as relays. A satellite communication system consists of two parts: a satellite and ground equipment. It does not require ground base stations for relaying, and therefore has advantages such as a large communication range and being unaffected by geological disasters.

[0040] With the development of satellite communication technology, functions such as satellite short messages and satellite calls are becoming increasingly common in conventional consumer electronic devices. For example, some smartphones and wearable devices have begun to support satellite communication functions such as Tiantong and Beidou. Satellite communication functions can provide users with emergency external communication capabilities in scenarios without network access, such as in the wild or at sea.

[0041] To enhance the efficiency of satellite-to-ground signal transmission, satellites transmit signals to the ground using circular polarization. Compared to traditional linear polarized antennas, circularly polarized antennas provide approximately 3dB more signal strength to ground equipment while maintaining comparable antenna efficiency. Furthermore, circularly polarized antennas offer stronger penetration and coverage, enhancing the suppression of rain and fog interference and reducing multipath reflections.

[0042] In related technologies, satellite communication antennas for electronic devices are mainly frame antennas, that is, they utilize the metal frame of the electronic device as a radiator to transmit and receive satellite signals, for example... Figure 1A schematic diagram of a satellite communication antenna for a smartphone in related technologies is shown.

[0043] Figure 1 The antenna system structure at the top of the phone is shown, such as... Figure 1 As shown in the relevant technical solution, the top bezel of the mobile phone mainly includes antenna 1 located in the middle, antenna 2 located on the left, and antenna 3 located on the right. A gap is provided between antenna 1 and antenna 2, and between antenna 2 and antenna 3, to separate the antenna radiators. The antenna radiators are fed to excite and transmit / receive radio frequency signals. The radiators are generally connected to the ground via rigid ribs. These ribs serve both as a rigid support structure for the antenna radiators and as a grounding structure for them.

[0044] exist Figure 1 In the relevant technical solutions of the example, antenna 1 includes the BeiDou uplink / downlink (Tx) band, the TianTong band, and the satellite positioning band (such as the L1 band of the GPS satellite positioning system), antenna 2 includes the BeiDou downlink (Rx) band and the WiFi band (such as the WiFi 2.4G band), and antenna 3 generally includes the 4G LTE MHB band, or further includes the 5G N78 band.

[0045] exist Figure 1 In the relevant technical solutions, because the BeiDou Rx antenna is located at the corner of the equipment, the main radiation area of ​​the right-hand circular polarization pattern of BeiDou Rx is biased to one side due to the antenna position limitation. It is difficult to achieve a good gain in the overlapping area with the left-hand circular polarization pattern of BeiDou Tx, thus sacrificing the performance of BeiDou Rx.

[0046] For example Figure 2a It shows Figure 1 Radiation pattern of BeiDou Rx in the antenna system. Figure 2b It shows Figure 1 Radiation pattern of BeiDou Tx in the antenna system. (Comparison) Figure 2a and 2b As can be seen, the right-hand circular polarization pattern of BeiDou Rx faces the upper right corner of the phone's rear view, while the left-hand circular polarization pattern of BeiDou Tx faces more towards the zenith region. As a result, the overlapping area between the two is only a part of the upper right corner of the phone's rear view, which leads to poor BeiDou short message communication performance.

[0047] Therefore, it can be seen that the satellite communication antenna solutions in related technologies have poor satellite communication performance, resulting in insufficient stability of satellite connections in emergency scenarios. This can easily lead to problems such as inability to connect, disconnection, or lag, thus affecting satellite communication efficiency.

[0048] Based on this, the present disclosure provides an antenna system and an electronic device having the antenna system, which aims to broaden the radiation pattern of satellite communication, achieve a wider signal coverage in the zenith region, and thus improve the performance of satellite communication.

[0049] In this disclosure, the electronic device can be any type of device suitable for implementation. It is understood that in the antenna system of this disclosure, the antenna radiator is mainly realized by the frame of the electronic device. Therefore, the electronic device can be any device with a metal frame, such as a smartphone, tablet computer, wearable device, etc. This disclosure does not limit it.

[0050] In some implementations, the electronic device is, for example, a smartphone. Figure 3 The present disclosure illustrates the structure of a smartphone in some embodiments, including a frame 100, a screen assembly 200, and a back panel 300. The frame 100 serves as the main support structure of the smartphone and is generally made of metal. Various electrical and structural components of the smartphone can be arranged on the frame 100. For example, one side of the frame 100 is used to mount the screen assembly 200 to form the front of the smartphone, and the other side of the frame 100 is used to mount the back panel 300 to form the back of the smartphone.

[0051] The frame 100 includes a support portion 120 and a bezel 110 formed around the edge of the support portion 120. After the screen assembly 200 and the back panel 300 are encapsulated, the bezel 110 serves as the side bezel of the mobile phone. The frame 100 is generally made of metal materials such as aluminum alloy or stainless steel, so the bezel 110 can serve as the metal radiator of the mobile phone antenna system. By creating a slit in the bezel 110 and connecting the corresponding radio frequency circuit, signal communication of various frequency bands of the mobile phone can be achieved. The support portion 120 serves as the ground plane (GND) of the antenna system. The ground plane is a zero-potential element of the electrical system. In the antenna system, the antenna radiator is grounded by connecting to the ground plane.

[0052] Of course, smartphones can also include other types of electrical structures, as disclosed in this disclosure. Figure 1 The embodiments are not shown. For example, a circuit board, various sensors, batteries, etc. are usually disposed between the support portion 120 of the frame 100 and the back plate 300. Those skilled in the art will understand this, and it will not be described in detail in this disclosure.

[0053] First, for ease of understanding and explanation, the following will explain the frequency bands included in the antenna field for satellite communication, mid-high frequency (MHB), high frequency (HB), and WiFi.

[0054] Currently, the mainstream satellite communication systems include the BeiDou short message communication system and the Tiantong satellite communication system. The BeiDou system's uplink (Tx) frequency band is approximately 1610MHz–1626.5MHz, and its downlink (Rx) frequency band is approximately 2483.5MHz–2500MHz. The Tiantong system's uplink (Tx) frequency band is approximately 1980MHz–2010MHz, and its downlink (Rx) frequency band is approximately 2170MHz–2200MHz. Furthermore, both BeiDou uplink and Tiantong uplink and downlink signals are left-handed circularly polarized, while BeiDou downlink signals are right-handed circularly polarized.

[0055] The mid-to-high frequency (MHB) band ranges from approximately 1710MHz to 2690MHz, and mainly includes the B1, B3, B4, B7, B34, B38, B39, B40, and B41 bands for LTE; GSM1800 and GSM1900 bands for GSM; WCDMA1, WCDMA2, WCDMA3, and WCDMA4 bands for CDMA; and N1, N3, N7, N38, and N41 bands for 5G.

[0056] The high-frequency (HB) bands mainly include the N77 band (frequency range 3.3GHz~4.2GHz), N78 band (frequency range 3.3GHz~3.8GHz), and N79 band (frequency range 4.8GHz~4.9GHz) of the 5G standard.

[0057] The main WiFi frequency bands currently include the WiFi 2.4GHz band (frequency range 2.4GHz~2.483GHz), the WiFi 5GHz band (frequency range 5.15GHz~5.875GHz), and the WiFi 6E band (frequency range 5.925GHz~7.125GHz). The WiFi 2.4GHz band can be referred to as the low-frequency WiFi band, while the WiFi 5GHz and WiFi 6E bands can be referred to as the high-frequency WiFi bands.

[0058] The civilian frequency bands of GPS antennas mainly include the L1 band and the L5 band. The L1 band is the basic frequency band, and the center frequency of the GPS L1 band is 1.575 GHz.

[0059] Secondly, for ease of understanding and explanation, some of the nouns and technical terms appearing in the embodiments of this disclosure are explained below.

[0060] Radiator / Radiating Stub: This is the component in an antenna used to receive and transmit electromagnetic radiation. Radiators / radiating stubs are typically made of metal. The shape and size of the radiator / radiating stub vary depending on the antenna type and system. In some cases, the narrow definition of "antenna" refers to the radiator / radiating stub; that is, the radiator / radiating stub can be directly called an antenna. In a broader sense, however, the radiator / radiating stub represents the part of the antenna used for transmitting and receiving electromagnetic waves. Besides the radiator / radiating stub, an antenna often includes electrical components such as feed circuits and matching circuits.

[0061] Feed circuitry: This is a combination of all circuitry used for receiving and transmitting radio frequency (RF) signals. Feed circuitry may include transceivers and RF front-end circuitry; in some implementations, it may be an RF chip.

[0062] Feed point: This refers to the location on the radiator / radiating stub where it is electrically connected to the feed circuit. In some scenarios, the feed point on the radiator / radiating stub is also called the "top frame point," which can be understood as the connection point between the feed circuit and the metal frame.

[0063] Matching circuit: This is a circuit used to adjust the radiation characteristics of the antenna. In some embodiments, the matching circuit can be located between the feed circuit and the radiator / radiating stub. In other embodiments, the matching circuit can be located between the radiator / radiating stub and the ground plane. The matching circuit generally includes multiple tuning branches and can switch between multiple tuning branches. Each tuning branch is equipped with a tuning device, which can be, for example, a switch, capacitor, inductor, or other similar device.

[0064] Tuning point: refers to the location on the radiator / radiating stub where it is electrically connected to the matching circuit. It can be understood that when the matching circuit is located between the feed circuit and the radiator / radiating stub, the tuning point and the feed point represent the same location.

[0065] Suspended: This refers to a situation where there is no rigid structural connection between the radiator / radiating branch and the floor, thus the radiator / radiating branch is suspended relative to the floor. However, it is understandable that a suspended radiator / radiating branch can still be electrically connected to provide power or grounding.

[0066] Resonance: refers to the resonant frequency generated by the antenna. The resonant frequency can have a frequency range, that is, the frequency range in which the current resonates on the radiator / radiating stub. The frequency corresponding to the strongest resonance point is the center point of the resonant frequency, also called the center frequency point. It can be understood that the first resonance, second resonance, etc. in the embodiments of this disclosure are the radio frequency band generated by the antenna system.

[0067] Antenna radiation pattern: This refers to the graph showing the relative field strength of the antenna's radiated field as a function of direction at a certain distance from the antenna (far field). It is usually represented by two mutually perpendicular plane radiation patterns passing through the direction of maximum radiation of the antenna, for example... Figure 2a and 2b As shown.

[0068] SAR, short for Specific Absorption Rate, is a measure of the electromagnetic energy absorbed and dissipated by the human body in an electromagnetic exposure environment. Excessively high SAR values ​​for antennas may pose a health hazard. Therefore, various countries have strict regulations regarding the SAR performance of electronic devices. If these regulations are exceeded, the electronic devices cannot be sold and may even face fines or market withdrawal. Thus, SAR testing of antennas in electronic devices is particularly important. SAR value testing of antennas typically involves using a suspended radiator / radiating stub as the equivalent capacitance for measurement.

[0069] Coupling: refers to a connection method in which two components do not directly contact each other, but their electric or magnetic fields influence each other when energized, thus allowing them to transfer energy to each other.

[0070] Figure 4 The following diagram illustrates the structure of the antenna system in some embodiments of this disclosure. Figure 4 The structure and principle of the antenna system disclosed herein are explained.

[0071] Figure 4 Only a partial structure of the top of the electronic device is shown; other parts are not shown, but those skilled in the art can undoubtedly understand and fully implement them by referring to relevant technologies, and this disclosure will not elaborate further.

[0072] exist Figure 4 In the example, the gray area represents the electronic device ground (GND), combined with... Figure 3 As shown, the floor can be formed by the support part 120 of the electronic device frame 100, and the white strip structure is the metal frame 110 of the electronic device.

[0073] See Figure 4 As shown in the embodiment of this disclosure, the antenna system includes a first radiating stub 410, a first parasitic stub 421, and a second parasitic stub 422. The two ends of the first radiating stub 410 are defined as a first end and a second end, respectively. The first end located on the left side is coupled to the first parasitic stub 421 through a first gap F1, and the second end located on the right side is coupled to the second parasitic stub 422 through a second gap F2.

[0074] See Figure 1As shown in the relevant technical solution, the radiator of antenna 1 is connected to the ground via a rigid rib, and the radiator of antenna 1 is grounded in the middle, thus providing... Figure 1 The antenna system shown, antennas 1, 2, and 3 are all IFA antennas. IFA stands for Inverted-FAntenna. An IFA antenna has a structure where one end of the radiating stub is grounded and the other end is open. The feed circuit connects to the radiating stub, thus forming a structure resembling an inverted F, including the grounded end, the radiating stub, and the feed circuit. Therefore, IFA antennas are also called inverted-F antennas. The resonant mode of an IFA antenna is a quarter-wavelength mode, meaning the effective electrical length of the radiating stub is one-quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the antenna's resonant frequency.

[0075] And in Figure 4 In this exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the first radiating stub 410 of the antenna system is a suspended stub, meaning that the first radiating stub 410 is no longer connected to the ground via a rigid rib, and there is no rigid structural connection between the first radiating stub 410 and the ground. A first feed circuit K1 is connected to the first radiating stub 410, thereby feeding the suspended first radiating stub 410. The electrical connection point of the first feed circuit K1 on the first radiating stub 410 is the first feed point.

[0076] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the first radiating branch 410 is a suspended structure relative to the floor. The first radiating branch 410 is electrically connected to the first feeding circuit K1. The suspended first radiating branch 410 and the first feeding circuit K1 form a T-shaped structure, thus the antenna also becomes a T-shaped antenna.

[0077] The first feed circuit K1 excites the first radiating branch 410 to generate a first resonance. The first resonance includes a satellite communication frequency band, which may include, for example, the BeiDou uplink and downlink frequency band, or the TianTong uplink and downlink frequency band, or both the BeiDou uplink and downlink frequency band and the TianTong uplink and downlink frequency band.

[0078] It can be understood that the T-shaped antenna is a half-wavelength antenna, that is, the effective electrical length of the first radiating stub 410 is 1 / 2 of the wavelength corresponding to the first resonance.

[0079] The antenna system of this disclosure, in addition to the T-shaped antenna formed by the suspended first radiating stub 410 described above, also includes parasitic stubs at both ends of the first radiating stub 410. One end of the first parasitic stub 421 is grounded through a rigid rib 1, and the other end is coupled to the first radiating stub 410 through a first gap F1. One end of the second parasitic stub 422 is grounded through a rigid rib 2, and the other end is coupled to the first radiating stub 410 through a second gap F2.

[0080] When the first feeding circuit K1 feeds the first radiating stub 410, the first feeding circuit K1 generates an excitation current on the first radiating stub 410. Due to the gap coupling effect, the first parasitic stub 421 and the second parasitic stub 422 will also be excited, thereby generating a coupling current. The current direction of the coupling current is the same as the current direction of the main current on the first radiating stub 410, so the coupling current can jointly participate in the radiation of the first resonance.

[0081] Figure 5 It shows Figure 4 A schematic diagram of current distribution in the antenna system during Tiantong satellite communication operation. The arrows indicate current direction, and the arrow density represents current density. (See also...) Figure 5 As can be seen, the main current on the first radiating branch 410 is directed to the right and has a high current density. The coupling current on the first parasitic branch 421 and the second parasitic branch 422 is directed to the right, and the coupling current has a lower density than the main current, which is consistent with the characteristics of coupling current.

[0082] Therefore, in this embodiment of the present disclosure, by using a T-shaped antenna as the main antenna and combining it with parasitic branches on both sides to form a three-current convergence antenna system, the radiation direction coverage of the satellite communication antenna can be widened in the zenith direction.

[0083] Figure 6 The middle left side is Figure 1 The radiation pattern of the conventional antenna shown is displayed when the Tiantong antenna is in operation. Figure 6 The right side of the middle is this disclosure Figure 4 The antenna system shown has a radiation pattern when the antenna is in operation. (Compare) Figure 6 As can be seen, the antenna system of this embodiment has good radiation performance in the zenith region of the device, and the coverage of the radiation direction is wider.

[0084] Moreover, in this embodiment, the uplink and downlink frequency bands of BeiDou are integrated into the same antenna. The first radiating branch is located in the middle of the top of the mobile phone. Due to the symmetry of its own structure, the left-hand circular polarization pattern of the uplink (Tx) band of BeiDou and the right-hand circular polarization pattern of the downlink (Rx) band of BeiDou have a wider overlap area in the zenith region.

[0085] For example Figure 7 The left side shows the left-hand circular polarization radiation pattern of the antenna system disclosed herein in the BeiDou uplink Tx band, and the right-hand circular polarization radiation pattern of the antenna system disclosed herein in the BeiDou downlink Rx band. Figure 7 As can be seen, the antenna system of this embodiment has a wider coverage range in the uplink and downlink frequency bands of BeiDou, and the overlapping area is larger and the symmetry is better, thus resulting in better performance of BeiDou satellite communication.

[0086] As can be seen from the above, the antenna system of this embodiment utilizes the first radiating branch and the parasitic branches on both sides to form a multi-current convergence satellite communication antenna system, thereby widening the radiation direction coverage of the device's zenith region and improving satellite communication performance.

[0087] Furthermore, as mentioned above, SAR performance is a mandatory requirement for electronic devices, making SAR detection of electronic device antenna systems crucial. Figure 1 In the relevant technical solutions shown, since antennas 1 to 3 are all IFA antennas, that is, the antenna radiating branches are all grounded through rigid ribs, they cannot be compatible with SAR detection. The SAR value can only be reduced by reducing the antenna radiation efficiency, which further degrades the performance of the satellite communication antenna.

[0088] And in Figure 4 In the embodiment of this disclosure shown, since the first radiating stub 410 is a suspended stub relative to the floor, it can be compatible with SAR detection of the mobile phone's top antenna system. Specifically, the first radiating stub 410 can be connected to a SAR detection circuit, and the point on the first radiating stub 410 connected to the SAR detection circuit is the SAR detection point. The suspended first radiating stub 410 is used as an equivalent capacitor to achieve SAR detection.

[0089] As can be seen from the above, in the antenna system of this embodiment, the SAR detection circuit is connected by a suspended first radiating stub, which can achieve compatibility with SAR detection and maximize the performance of the satellite communication antenna while ensuring that the antenna system meets the SAR index requirements.

[0090] With the development of wireless communication technology, the number of communication frequency bands that electronic devices need to support is constantly increasing. However, the frame space of electronic devices is limited. Therefore, in order to achieve multi-band antenna design in a compact space, antenna fusion is the most common solution, that is, to integrate antennas of different frequency bands into the same antenna. Figure 8 The following diagram illustrates the structure of the antenna system in some embodiments of this disclosure. Figure 8 Please provide an explanation.

[0091] like Figure 8 As shown, in some embodiments, the first parasitic branch 421 is connected to a second power supply circuit K2 and a third power supply circuit K3. The connection point between the second power supply circuit K2 and the first parasitic branch 421 is the second power supply point, and the connection point between the third power supply circuit K3 and the first parasitic branch 421 is the third power supply point.

[0092] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the second power supply circuit K2 excites the first parasitic stub 421 to generate a second resonance. The second resonance includes a satellite positioning frequency band, which may be, for example, the GPS L1 frequency band. In some embodiments, in addition to including the satellite positioning frequency band, the second resonance may also include a low-frequency WiFi band, such as the WiFi 2.4G frequency band.

[0093] The third feed circuit K3 excites the first parasitic stub 421 to generate a third resonance. This third resonance can include a high-frequency WiFi band, such as the WiFi 6E band. It can be understood that the frequency of the WiFi 6E band is higher than that of GPS L1 and the WiFi 2.4G band; therefore, the effective electrical length corresponding to the third resonance is less than that of the second resonance, thus... (See also...) Figure 8 As shown, the distance between the second feed point and the first gap F1 is smaller than the distance between the third feed point and the first gap F1. Those skilled in the art will understand this, and this disclosure will not elaborate further.

[0094] Continue to refer to Figure 8 As shown, the second parasitic branch 422 is connected to the fourth power supply circuit K4, and the connection point between the fourth power supply circuit K4 and the second parasitic branch 422 is the fourth power supply point.

[0095] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the fourth power supply circuit K4 excites the second parasitic stub 422 to generate a fourth resonance, which includes the mid-to-high frequency MHB band, or the fourth resonance includes the mid-to-high frequency MHB band and the N78 band.

[0096] exist Figure 8 In the example, the satellite positioning antenna system formed by the suspended first radiating stub 410, the first feed circuit K1, the first parasitic stub 421, and the second parasitic stub 422 is defined as the first antenna ANT1. The antenna system formed by the first parasitic stub 421, the second feed circuit K2, and the third feed circuit K3 is defined as the second antenna ANT2. The antenna system formed by the second parasitic stub 422 and the fourth feed circuit K4 is defined as the third antenna ANT3.

[0097] In this example, the first antenna ANT1 can cover the uplink frequency band of BeiDou short message service and the uplink and downlink frequency bands of Tiantong satellite communication; the second antenna ANT2 can cover the WiFi 2.4G frequency band, GPS L1 frequency band, and WiFi 6E frequency band; and the third antenna ANT3 can cover the MHB frequency band and N78 frequency band. Thus, in this embodiment of the disclosure, multi-band antenna fusion is achieved in the top space of the electronic device, realizing a multi-band antenna system in a compact space.

[0098] See Figure 1The relevant technical solution shown integrates the satellite communication frequency band (BeiDou Tx and TianTong) and the satellite positioning frequency band (GPS L1) into the same antenna (i.e., antenna 1). Since the frequencies of the BeiDou Tx and GPS L1 frequency bands are relatively close, when the antenna system is working in satellite communication mode, all radio frequency paths of the antenna system must be switched to satellite communication. At this time, satellite positioning cannot work, so the location information sent in satellite communication mode cannot guarantee real-time positioning.

[0099] In this embodiment, the satellite positioning frequency band (such as the GPS L1 band) and the satellite communication frequency band (such as BeiDou and TianTong) are designed separately, and combined with matching circuit tuning, satellite communication and satellite positioning can work simultaneously, realizing real-time positioning in satellite communication mode. The following describes the process in conjunction with... Figure 9 Please provide an explanation.

[0100] In some embodiments, the first parasitic branch 421 is also connected to a first matching circuit SW. The first matching circuit SW includes one or more tuning branches, each tuning branch is provided with a tuning device, which may be, for example, an inductor, a capacitor, an on / off switch, etc. The first matching circuit SW can match different impedances to the antenna system by switching different tuning branches, thereby achieving the tuning of the antenna system.

[0101] exist Figure 9 In the example, the first matching circuit SW is disposed between the second feed circuit K2 and the first parasitic stub 421, so that the first tuning point connected by the first matching circuit SW and the first parasitic stub 421 is the same point as the second feed point. Of course, those skilled in the art will understand that the first matching circuit SW can also be disposed between the floor and the first parasitic stub 421, so that the first tuning point and the second feed point are not the same point, and this disclosure will not elaborate further on this.

[0102] In this example, the first matching circuit includes at least one tuning branch for optimizing satellite communication and satellite positioning performance. The tuning device for this branch can be a 0-ohm resistor or a grounded capacitor. Therefore, when the first feed circuit K1 excites the first radiating stub 410 to operate in the satellite communication frequency band, the first matching circuit SW can switch on this tuning branch, allowing satellite positioning (such as GPS L1) to operate simultaneously. However, due to the grounding effect of the 0-ohm resistor or capacitor, some satellite positioning performance may be sacrificed. Nevertheless, simulation experiments show that the satellite positioning requirements under satellite communication conditions can still be met, achieving coexistence of satellite communication and satellite positioning. This ensures that the transmitted location is real-time during satellite communication, improving satellite communication performance.

[0103] In some embodiments, this disclosure provides an electronic device, which can be any of the aforementioned device types, and will not be described in detail hereafter. The electronic device of this disclosure includes the antenna system of any of the aforementioned embodiments; for example, the electronic device is a smartphone, combined with… Figure 3 As can be seen, in the antenna system of this embodiment, the first radiating stub 410, the first parasitic stub 421 and the second parasitic stub 422 can be implemented using the metal frame 110 of the electronic device.

[0104] Combination Figure 4 As shown, the first radiating branch 410 is located in the middle of the top edge of the phone, and the first parasitic branch 421 and the second parasitic branch 422 are located on both sides of the top edge of the phone, and are coupled to the first radiating branch 410 through a gap. In this embodiment, the first radiating branch 410, the first parasitic branch 421, and the second parasitic branch 422 are symmetrical about the virtual axis of symmetry of the rectangular frame of the smartphone. As can be understood from the foregoing, the symmetrical structure can maintain the aesthetic appearance of the phone on the one hand, and effectively widen the overlapping area of ​​the uplink and downlink signals of Beidou satellite communication on the other hand, thereby improving satellite communication performance.

[0105] The following electronic devices will use smartphones as an example, combined with... Figure 10 The relevant parameters of the antenna system are explained.

[0106] See Figure 10 As shown, in the antenna system of this disclosure example, the length L0 of the first radiating stub 410 can be set to 26mm to 34mm. The gap size of the first slot F1 and the second slot F2 can be 0.2mm to 1.5mm. In the antenna system design, the second antenna ANT2 and the third antenna ANT3 can be short-circuited, and then the first feed circuit K1 excites the first radiating stub 410, ensuring that the frequency of the initial Smith chart intersection point of the first antenna ANT1 with the real axis is between 1800MHz and 2500MHz. This avoids excessive performance loss when switching to the BeiDou uplink Tx band due to excessively high frequencies, and also avoids the inability to switch to the BeiDou downlink Rx band due to frequency instability. At the same time, the length L2 of the fourth feed point from the second slot F2 is controlled within 4mm, so that the parasitic frequency generated by the first antenna ANT1 on the second parasitic stub 422 is after 3GHz, ensuring the performance of the BeiDou downlink Rx band.

[0107] Figure 11 The Smith chart of the antenna system in this example disclosure is shown. Figure 12 A performance graph of the antenna system in this example disclosure is shown. Figure 11 and Figure 12 As can be seen, the resonant frequency and radiation efficiency of the antenna system disclosed herein meet the design requirements and comply with antenna design standards.

[0108] Understandably, taking smartphones as an example, with the development of mobile phone imaging systems, the number of cameras contained in the camera module is increasing, thus the size of the camera module inside the phone is getting larger and larger. The metal components of the mobile phone camera module will affect the resonant signal of the antenna system, thereby reducing the antenna performance.

[0109] For example in Figure 1 In the antenna system shown, the BeiDou downlink Rx band is located in the upper left corner of the phone. This design can meet the design requirements when the camera module is centered. However, for some camera modules mounted at the corner, the camera module is too close to the upper left corner antenna, which greatly affects satellite communication performance. Furthermore, there is no space to place the satellite communication RF chip near the antenna, which brings great difficulties to the antenna design.

[0110] In this embodiment, the uplink and downlink frequency bands of satellite communications such as BeiDou and Tiantong are integrated onto the same central antenna, minimizing the impact of the rear camera module. Whether the camera module is centrally located or corner-mounted, its influence on satellite communication can be reduced, thus improving satellite communication performance. For example, in one embodiment, the rear camera module can be positioned diagonally near the first parasitic branch 421.

[0111] As described above, in this embodiment, a multi-current convergence satellite communication antenna system is formed by utilizing the first radiating branch and the parasitic branches on both sides, thereby widening the radiation direction coverage of the device's zenith region and improving satellite communication performance. Furthermore, the antenna system has a wider radiation direction coverage in the BeiDou uplink and downlink frequency bands, a larger overlapping area, and better symmetry, resulting in better BeiDou satellite communication performance. Additionally, connecting the SAR detection circuit using the suspended first radiating branch enables SAR detection compatibility, maximizing satellite communication antenna performance while ensuring the antenna system meets SAR performance requirements. Moreover, it can cover multiple frequency bands such as satellite positioning, WiFi, MHB, and N78, achieving multi-band antenna fusion design. It also allows for the coexistence of satellite communication and satellite positioning, ensuring real-time location tracking during satellite communication and improving satellite communication performance. Furthermore, it is compatible with various camera module design languages ​​of electronic devices, increasing the design freedom of electronic devices.

[0112] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for clear illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all embodiments here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

Claims

1. An antenna system, characterized in that, It includes a first radiating branch, a first parasitic branch, and a second parasitic branch disposed on the frame of an electronic device. The first end of the first radiating branch is coupled to the first parasitic branch through a first gap, and the second end of the first radiating branch is coupled to the second parasitic branch through a second gap. The first radiating stub includes a first feed point, which is connected to a first feed circuit. The first feed circuit excites the first radiating stub to generate a first resonance, and through the coupling, it excites the first parasitic stub and the second parasitic stub to generate parasitic resonances in the same direction as the current of the first resonance.

2. The antenna system according to claim 1, characterized in that, One end of the first parasitic branch is coupled to the first end of the first radiating branch through the first gap, and the other end is grounded; The first parasitic stub includes a second feed point, which is connected to a second feed circuit. The second feed circuit excites the first parasitic stub to generate a second resonance.

3. The antenna system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first resonance includes a satellite communication frequency band, and the second resonance includes a satellite positioning frequency band.

4. The antenna system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first parasitic branch includes a third feed point, and the distance between the third feed point and the first gap is smaller than the distance between the second feed point and the first gap; The third feed point is connected to the third feed circuit, and the third feed circuit excites the first parasitic stub to generate a third resonance.

5. The antenna system according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that, The first parasitic branch includes a first tuning point, which is connected to a first matching circuit. The first matching circuit includes a tuning branch, which includes a grounded tuning device. The first matching circuit is configured to conduct the tuning branch when the first resonance and the second resonance are excited.

6. The antenna system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, One end of the second parasitic branch is coupled to the second end of the first radiating branch through the second gap, and the other end is grounded; The second parasitic stub includes a fourth feed point, which is connected to a fourth feed circuit. The fourth feed circuit records the fourth resonance generated by the second parasitic stub, which includes the mid-to-high frequency band.

7. The antenna system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first radiation stub includes a SAR detection point, which is connected to a SAR detection circuit.

8. The antenna system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The satellite communication frequency bands include the BeiDou short message transmission and reception frequency band, and / or the TianTong satellite voice transmission and reception frequency band.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: The antenna system according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. The electronic device according to claim 9, characterized in that, include: The frame is made of metal and has a rectangular structure. The first radiating branch is located at the middle of the top edge of the rectangular structure of the frame, and the first parasitic branch and the second parasitic branch are respectively located on both sides of the top edge. Furthermore, the first radiating branch, the first parasitic branch, and the second parasitic branch are symmetrical about the virtual axis of symmetry of the rectangular structure.

11. The electronic device according to claim 10, characterized in that, It also includes a metal support portion, which is located inside the rectangular structure of the frame and forms the ground plane of the antenna system. The first parasitic branch and the second parasitic branch are both connected to the support portion and grounded through a rigid structure.

12. The electronic device according to claim 9, characterized in that, It also includes a camera module, which is located diagonally near the first parasitic branch.

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