Network-free communication method and device, equipment and chip

Abstract

The invention provides a network-free communication method and device, equipment and a chip. The method comprises: a first protocol layer of a first terminal device receives at least one PDU sent by a physical layer of the first terminal device; wherein the at least one PDU is from the second terminal device; the first protocol layer of the first terminal device performs first processing on the at least one PDU to obtain at least one data packet; the first processing comprises one or more of the following items: sorting, assembling and de-packaging; the first protocol layer is of a single-layer structure; and the first protocol layer of the first terminal device submits the at least one data packet to an application layer of the first terminal device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communications, including but not limited to methods, apparatus, devices, and chips for wireless communication. Background Technology

[0002] The New Radio (NR) user plane protocol stack's Layer 2 (L2) includes the Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP), Radio Link Control (RLC), and other layers. However, the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) L2 packet transmission and reception mechanism, which separates PDCP and RLC layers, is not suitable for low-bandwidth, low-data-rate, and low-latency wireless communication mechanisms without network devices. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a network-free communication method, apparatus, device, and chip, wherein:

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a network-free communication method applied to a first terminal device, wherein the first terminal device and a second terminal device perform network-free communication. The method includes: a first protocol layer of the first terminal device receiving at least one Protocol Data Unit (PDU) sent by the physical layer of the first terminal device; wherein the at least one PDU originates from the second terminal device; the first protocol layer of the first terminal device performing a first processing on the at least one PDU to obtain at least one data packet; the first processing includes one or more of the following: sorting, assembling, and decapsulation; the first protocol layer is a single-layer structure; and the first protocol layer of the first terminal device delivering the at least one data packet to the application layer of the first terminal device.

[0005] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a network-free communication method applied to a second terminal device, wherein the second terminal device communicates with a first terminal device without a network. The method includes: a first protocol layer of the second terminal device receiving at least one data packet sent by the application layer of the second terminal device; the first protocol layer of the second terminal device performing a second processing on the at least one data packet to obtain at least one PDU; the second processing includes one or more of the following: segmentation, allocation of sequence number, allocation of segment number, and encapsulation; the first protocol layer is a single-layer structure; the first protocol layer of the second terminal device submits the at least one PDU to the physical layer of the second terminal device to send the at least one PDU to the first terminal device.

[0006] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a network-free communication device. The device is applied to a first terminal device, which communicates with a second terminal device without a network. The device includes a physical layer, a first protocol layer, and an application layer. The first protocol layer is configured to receive at least one PDU sent by the physical layer, wherein the at least one PDU originates from the second terminal device. The first protocol layer is configured to perform a first processing on the at least one PDU to obtain at least one data packet. The first processing includes one or more of the following: sorting, assembly, and decapsulation. The first protocol layer has a single-layer structure. The first protocol layer is configured to deliver the at least one data packet to the application layer of the first terminal device.

[0007] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a network-free communication device. The device is applied to a second terminal device, which communicates with a first terminal device without a network. The device includes an application layer, a first protocol layer, and a physical layer. The first protocol layer is configured to receive at least one data packet sent by the application layer. The first protocol layer is configured to perform a second processing on the at least one data packet to obtain at least one PDU. The second processing includes one or more of the following: segmentation, sequence number allocation, segment number allocation, and encapsulation. The first protocol layer has a single-layer structure. The first protocol layer is configured to deliver the at least one PDU to the physical layer to send the at least one PDU to the first terminal device.

[0008] Fifthly, embodiments of this application provide a communication device, the communication device comprising: a memory for storing a computer program; a processor connected to the memory for calling and running the computer program from the memory to implement the method described in the first aspect, or to implement the method described in the second aspect; and a transceiver for receiving and sending information during the process of sending and receiving information with other devices.

[0009] In a sixth aspect, embodiments of this application provide a chip, the chip comprising: a processor, configured to call and run a computer program from a memory, causing a device on which the chip is installed to execute the method described in the first aspect, or to execute the method described in the second aspect; and a transceiver, configured to receive and send information during the process of sending and receiving information with or from the device or the chip.

[0010] In a seventh aspect, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program that causes a computer to perform the methods described in the first or second aspect.

[0011] Eighthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer program product including computer program instructions that cause a computer to perform the method described in the first or second aspect.

[0012] Ninthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer program that causes a computer to perform the methods described in the first or second aspect.

[0013] In this embodiment of the application, in a scenario where a first terminal device and a second terminal device communicate without a network, when the first terminal device processes a PDU from the physical layer, it uses a single-layer first protocol layer to perform the first processing on the PDU. The first protocol layer does not adopt a layered design or is not subdivided into multiple protocol layers. The first terminal device processes the PDU sent by the physical layer uniformly in the first protocol layer. In this way, the transmission and processing of the PDU are concentrated in one layer, which helps to simplify the complexity of engineering implementation, avoids maintaining two sorting windows, and thus improves the communication rate of the networkless device.

[0014] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and do not limit this application. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the specification, serve to explain the technical solutions of this application. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of this application, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any inventive effort.

[0016] The flowcharts shown in the accompanying drawings are merely illustrative and do not necessarily include all content and operations / steps, nor do they necessarily have to be performed in the described order. For example, some operations / steps can be broken down, while others can be combined or partially combined; therefore, the actual execution order may change depending on the specific circumstances.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a communication system that may be applicable to embodiments of this application;

[0018] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a user plane protocol stack provided for this application;

[0019] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the implementation process of a wireless communication method provided in this application embodiment. Figure 1 ;

[0020] Figure 4A schematic diagram of the implementation process of a wireless communication method provided in this application embodiment. Figure 2 ;

[0021] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a MAC PDU provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the implementation process of a network-free communication method provided in this application embodiment. Figure 1 ;

[0023] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the implementation process of a network-free communication method provided in this application embodiment. Figure 2 ;

[0024] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the implementation process of a network-free communication method provided in this application embodiment. Figure 3 ;

[0025] Figure 9 This application provides a schematic diagram of window processing for receiving a complete PDU / first PDU through a receiving window in AM mode of network-free communication.

[0026] Figure 10 A schematic diagram illustrating window processing for receiving all segments through a receiving window in AM mode of network-free communication, provided as an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 11 This application provides a schematic diagram of window processing for timeout when receiving a complete PDU in AM mode of offline communication.

[0028] Figure 12 A schematic diagram illustrating window processing for PDU segmentation timeout in AM mode of offline communication provided in this application embodiment;

[0029] Figure 13 This application provides a schematic diagram of PDU reception status within a UM receiving window, as illustrated in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 ;

[0030] Figure 14 This application provides a schematic diagram of PDU reception status within a UM receiving window, as illustrated in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 ;

[0031] Figure 15 This application provides a schematic diagram illustrating the discarding process for PDU segmentation timeouts during reception in AM mode of offline communication.

[0032] Figure 16 A schematic diagram of the implementation process of a network-free communication method provided in this application embodiment. Figure 4 ;

[0033] Figure 17 A schematic diagram of the implementation process of a network-free communication method provided in this application embodiment. Figure 5 ;

[0034] Figure 18 A schematic diagram of AM transmission window processing for the application embodiment. Figure 1 ;

[0035] Figure 19 A schematic diagram of AM transmission window processing for the application embodiment. Figure 2 ;

[0036] Figure 20 A schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 21 This is a schematic structural diagram of the chip according to an embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 22 A schematic block diagram of a communication system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 23 A schematic diagram of the structure of a network-free communication device provided in this application embodiment. Figure 1 ;

[0040] Figure 24 A schematic diagram of the structure of a network-free communication device provided in this application embodiment. Figure 2 . Detailed Implementation

[0041] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the specific technical solutions of this application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of this application. The following embodiments are used to illustrate this application, but are not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0042] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing embodiments of this application only and is not intended to limit this application.

[0043] In the following description, references to "some embodiments," "this embodiment," "this application embodiment," and examples, etc., describe a subset of all possible embodiments. However, it is understood that "some embodiments" may be the same subset or different subset of all possible embodiments and may be combined with each other without conflict.

[0044] To facilitate understanding of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the relevant technologies or terms of the embodiments of this application are described below. The following related technologies or related terms are optional solutions and can be combined with the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application in any way, and all of them fall within the protection scope of the embodiments of this application.

[0045] The "network-free communication" mentioned in this application embodiment can also be understood as "wireless communication without a network device," "communication without a network device," or "communication without a network device," etc. The "window" mentioned in this application embodiment can be understood as a buffer of a specific size.

[0046] Wireless access technologies provided by network devices, such as NR and LTE as defined by 3GPP, and Wi-Fi not defined by 3GPP, operate with the network device as the master device and the terminal device as the slave device. Communication between two or more terminals is accomplished through the network device. However, for wireless services that do not require network devices and rely solely on the capabilities of the terminal itself, such as Bluetooth and DMR, communication between two or more terminal devices, especially multiple terminal devices, is achieved by designating one or more terminals as master devices or assistant devices for the master device, thus enabling network-free communication.

[0047] Wireless communication primarily utilizes wireless signals such as radio waves for information transmission, without relying on fixed network infrastructure. It enables communication between devices in areas without wired connections or traditional network coverage. Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a communication system that may be applicable to embodiments of this application. Figure 1 As shown, the communication system 100 includes at least a first terminal device 110, a second terminal device 120, and a network device 130. The first terminal device 110 and the second terminal device 120 can communicate wirelessly without the network device 130. Of course, in some embodiments, the first terminal device 110 and the second terminal device 120 can support both wireless communication with and without the network device 130 (e.g., link 140 and link 150). The first terminal device 110 and the second terminal device 120 follow both wireless communication protocols and communication protocols such as LTE networks and NR networks.

[0048] With the development trend of mobile communication towards higher bandwidth, higher throughput, and more diverse functions, major mobile communication systems generally adopt a more refined layered design for the data link layer, that is, the data link layer is a layered structure, subdivided into multiple protocol layers. Taking 5th Generation (5G) New Radio (NR) communication technology as an example, such as... Figure 2As shown, the user plane protocol stack includes the user plane protocol stack of the terminal equipment (UE) and the user plane protocol stack of the base station (eNodeB). The UE's user plane protocol stack may include the physical (PHY) layer, the media access control (MAC) layer, the radio link control (RLC) layer, the packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer, and the service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) layer.

[0049] In addition, the user plane protocol stack of the base station may also include a PHY layer, a MAC layer, an RLC layer, a PDCP layer, and an SDAP layer. Moreover, the PHY layer in the UE can exchange information with the PHY layer in the base station. The MAC layer in the UE can exchange information with the MAC layer in the UE and the PHY layer in the base station. The RLC layer in the UE can exchange information with the RLC layer in the UE, the PHY layer in the UE, the MAC layer in the base station, the PHY layer in the UE, and the PDCP layer in the UE can exchange information with the PDCP layer in the UE, the RLC layer in the UE, the MAC layer in the UE, the PHY layer in the UE, and the SDAP layer in the UE can exchange information with the SDAP layer in the base station.

[0050] The 5G data link layer includes the PDCP layer, RLC layer, and MAC layer. The functional definitions of each layer in the 3GPP data link layer are shown in Table 1.

[0051] Table 1

[0052]

[0053] As shown in Table 1, the MAC layer mainly performs the mapping and multiplexing functions of the transmission channel and does not involve the transmission and processing of data packets. In 5G, the transmission and processing of data packets is concentrated in the PDCP and RLC layers.

[0054] In related technologies, for the receiving end, such as Figure 3As shown, the MAC layer is used to complete the channel mapping and demultiplexing functions of the transmission channel; the RLC layer is used to maintain the receive window (i.e., receive buffer) in unacknowledged mode, sort and assemble the PDUs in the RLC receive window, perform window operations according to the reassembly status, and deliver PDCP PDUs to the PDCP layer in a timely manner; the RLC layer is used to maintain the RLC receive window in acknowledged mode, sort and assemble the received PDUs, perform operations according to the reassembly status, support feedback ACK / NACK to the peer, and deliver PDCP PDUs to the PDCP layer in a timely manner; the PDCP layer is used to receive PDCP PDUs (Protocol Data Units) from the RLC layer, maintain the PDCP receive window, reorder them, and deliver SDAP SDUs to the SDAP layer in a timely manner.

[0055] For the sending end, such as Figure 4 As shown, the PDCP layer is used to assign a sequence number to each PDCP SDU received from the SDAP layer and send this PDU to the corresponding RLC layer. When this PDCP PDU is not successfully sent or is not received by the peer, resulting in a timeout, the PDCP layer notifies the RLC layer to discard this PDCP PDU. The RLC layer is used to send the RLC PDU to the MAC layer in unacknowledged mode. The RLC layer is used to maintain the transmission window (i.e., the RLC AM transmission window shown in the figure) in acknowledged mode, segment the PDCPPDU from the PDCP layer, and perform window sliding or retransmission according to the ACK / NACK received by the RLC layer. The MAC layer is used to complete the channel mapping and multiplexing functions of the transmission channel.

[0056] However, the 3GPP L2 packet transmission and reception processing mechanism, which divides the process into PDCP and RLC layers, is not suitable for low-bandwidth, low-data-rate, and low-latency wireless communication mechanisms. The main reasons are as follows:

[0057] (1) Maintaining sorted retransmission windows in layers may lead to increased complexity and latency.

[0058] Two sorting windows (i.e., the sorting windows corresponding to the PDCP layer and the RLC layer respectively) are suitable for high data rate communication mechanisms, ensuring transmission efficiency and accuracy at high data rates, and can also effectively distribute the load in engineering implementation. However, for low-bandwidth, low-data-rate wireless communication, maintaining two sorting windows increases the complexity of engineering implementation and increases latency.

[0059] (2) Layered design may lead to a high proportion of header information;

[0060] For 4G / 5G high-bandwidth, high-speed communication technologies, such as Figure 5 As shown, the header lengths of SDAP, PDCP, RLC, and MAC are relatively high relative to the data payload length. For example, in 5G, the SDAP header is 1 byte long, the PDCP header is 3-9 bytes long, the RLC header is 2-3 bytes long, and the MAC header is 2-3 bytes long, resulting in an overall L2 header length of 8-16 bytes; among them, the PDCP and RLC headers, at 5-12 bytes, account for the largest proportion. For low-bandwidth, low-speed wireless communication systems, the excessively long headers and the large proportion of overhead significantly reduce the proportion of actual effective payload, thereby reducing the overall system throughput.

[0061] (3) The problem of asynchronous window sliding in PDCP layer and RLC layer.

[0062] The PDCP and RLC layers in 3GPP have asynchronous window sliding mechanisms. The PDCP and RLC layers maintain their own sliding windows and mechanisms independently. This leads to problems including:

[0063] (3.1) Regarding the receive window, when the receive window of the RLC layer slides due to timeout, the corresponding receive window of the PDCP layer does not slide. This results in the RLC layer window discarding old RLC packets (including old PDCP packets) and the PDCP layer window still waiting for old PDCP packets when receiving new RLC packets (including new PDCP packets). For low-speed wireless communication, this asynchrony will further reduce the throughput of wireless communication.

[0064] (3.2) Regarding the transmission window, when the PDCP layer needs to discard a certain PDCP PDU, it needs to notify the RLC layer to perform the discard action; however, at this time the RLC layer may have already sent this PDU to the lower layer or even sent it out in the air interface.

[0065] Based on the above analysis, this application provides a network-free communication method. This method is applied to a first terminal device, enabling network-free communication between the first terminal device and a second terminal device. Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the implementation process of a network-free communication method provided in this application embodiment. Figure 1 ,like Figure 6 As shown, the method may include the following steps 601 to 603:

[0066] Step 601: The first protocol layer of the first terminal device receives at least one PDU sent by the physical layer of the first terminal device; wherein the at least one PDU comes from the second terminal device;

[0067] Step 602, the first protocol layer of the first terminal device performs a first process on the at least one PDU to obtain at least one data packet; the first process includes one or more of the following: sorting, assembly, and decapsulation; the first protocol layer of the first terminal device is a single-layer structure, that is, the first protocol layer of the first terminal device does not adopt a layered design, and the first protocol layer of the first terminal device is not subdivided into multiple protocol layers;

[0068] Step 603: The first protocol layer of the first terminal device delivers the at least one data packet to the application layer of the first terminal device.

[0069] It is understood that, in the embodiments of this application, in the scenario of offline communication between the first terminal device and the second terminal device, the receiving end (first terminal device) processes the PDU from the physical layer using a single-layer first protocol layer. The first protocol layer does not adopt a layered design or subdivide into multiple protocol layers. The first terminal device processes the PDU sent by the physical layer uniformly in the first protocol layer. In this way, the transmission and processing of the PDU are concentrated in one layer, which helps to simplify the complexity of engineering implementation, avoids the need to maintain the sorting of two layers of buffers, and thus improves the communication rate of offline devices.

[0070] The following describes further optional implementation methods and related terms for each of the above steps.

[0071] For step 601, the first protocol layer of the first terminal device receives at least one PDU sent by the physical layer of the first terminal device; wherein, the at least one PDU comes from the second terminal device.

[0072] In some embodiments, the at least one PDU includes at least one first PDU and / or multiple second PDUs, wherein the first PDU carries a complete first data packet and the second PDU carries a segmented second data packet.

[0073] It is understandable that, for the sending end (i.e. the second terminal device), the first protocol layer of the second terminal device will segment the larger data packet (i.e. the third data packet mentioned below) sent by the application layer, and obtain several segments of second data packets, and then encapsulate each segment of the second data packet into a second PDU.

[0074] In step 602, the first protocol layer of the first terminal device performs a first process on the at least one PDU to obtain at least one data packet; the first process includes one or more of the following: sorting, assembly, and decapsulation; wherein the first protocol layer is a single-layer structure. In some embodiments, the first protocol layer can also be understood as a data link layer, and... Figures 2 to 4 The difference between the data link layers shown is that the first protocol layer / data link layer of the first terminal device in this embodiment is a single-layer structure, without further subdivision into multiple protocol layers such as RLC and PDCP; thus, from the physical layer to the application layer, the PDU does not need to go through multiple layers of processing at the data link layer, which is beneficial to improving data transmission efficiency.

[0075] In some embodiments, the first process further includes feedback on the reception status of the PDU and / or discarding processing for the second PDU.

[0076] In step 603, the first protocol layer of the first terminal device delivers the at least one data packet to the application layer of the first terminal device.

[0077] That is, the first protocol layer of the first terminal device directly delivers the data packets carried by the PDU to the application layer, instead of the first protocol layer of the first terminal device delivering the data packets carried by the PDU to other layers, which then deliver the data packets carried by the PDU to the application layer. In other words, when the first protocol layer of the first terminal device delivers the data packets carried by the PDU to the application layer of the first terminal device, it does not need to go through the processing of other layers, but directly delivers the data packets carried by the PDU to the application layer of the first terminal device.

[0078] In some embodiments, the operating modes of the first protocol layer of the first terminal device include at least an unacknowledged mode and / or an acknowledged mode. In the acknowledged mode, the first protocol layer of the first terminal device performs a first process on at least one PDU sent by the physical layer, including one or more of the following: sorting, assembly, decapsulation, feedback on the reception status of the PDU, and discarding. In the unacknowledged mode, the first protocol layer of the first terminal device performs a first process on at least one PDU sent by the physical layer, including one or more of the following: sorting, assembly, decapsulation, and discarding.

[0079] In some embodiments, the first protocol layer of the first terminal device operates in an acknowledgment mode, and the second receive buffer is a buffer of the first protocol layer of the first terminal device, which is used to buffer the at least one PDU. Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the implementation process of a network-free communication method provided in this application embodiment. Figure 2 ,like Figure 7 As shown, in some embodiments, step 602 above, in which the first protocol layer of the first terminal device performs first processing on the at least one PDU to obtain at least one data packet, further includes the following steps 701 to 704:

[0080] Step 701: The first protocol layer of the first terminal device determines the sequence number of the first PDU in the second receive buffer, and / or the sequence number and segment number of the second PDU;

[0081] Step 702: The first protocol layer of the first terminal device sorts the PDUs in the second receive buffer according to the sequence number of the first PDU and / or the sequence number and segment number of the second PDU;

[0082] Step 703: The first protocol layer of the first terminal device decapsulates the first PDU in the second receive buffer to obtain the first data packet;

[0083] Step 704: If the first protocol layer of the first terminal device determines that there are no missing second PDUs with the same serial number, it decapsulates all second PDUs with the same serial number and assembles the decapsulated second data packets according to the segment numbers to obtain the third data packet;

[0084] Accordingly, for step 603 above, the first protocol layer of the first terminal device delivers the at least one data packet to the application layer of the first terminal device, which further includes: the first protocol layer of the first terminal device delivers the first data packet and / or the third data packet to the application layer in sequence according to the sorting result of the PDUs in the second receive buffer.

[0085] It is understood that in this embodiment, the first terminal device uses a single-layer first protocol layer to process the PDUs sent from the physical layer, rather than using a layered protocol layer design. Therefore, the first terminal device's first protocol layer sorts, decapsulates, and assembles the PDUs from the physical layer, and then delivers them to the application layer in sequence, without needing to transmit them to the PDCP layer for reordering, decapsulation, and other transmission processing before delivery to the application layer. Thus, only the first protocol layer's receive buffer needs to be maintained, which improves the data transmission efficiency from the physical layer to the application layer and avoids the problem of low communication efficiency caused by the asynchrony of multiple receive buffers (i.e., receive windows).

[0086] In some embodiments, the first protocol layer of the first terminal device operates in an acknowledgment mode, and when the first protocol layer of the first terminal device delivers at least one data packet to the application layer, it adds a new PDU from the physical layer to the second receive buffer.

[0087] In some embodiments, the first protocol layer of the first terminal device operates in an acknowledgment mode. For one or more embodiments of this application, the offline communication method further includes: when the first protocol layer of the first terminal device determines that the first PDU and / or the second PDU is missing, sending feedback information to the second terminal device, the feedback information being used to indicate the sequence number of the missing first PDU and / or the sequence number and segment number of the missing second PDU.

[0088] It should be understood that the feedback information is not limited in the embodiments of this application. In some embodiments, the feedback information may be ACK information, and the second terminal device uses the ACK information to infer the sequence number of the missing first PDU and / or the sequence number and segment number of the missing second PDU. In other embodiments, the feedback information is NACK information, and the second terminal device uses the NACK information to determine the sequence number of the missing first PDU and / or the sequence number and segment number of the missing second PDU.

[0089] In some embodiments, the ACK information carries the sequence number of the first PDU that has been received and / or the sequence number and segment number of the second PDU that has been received; the NACK information carries the sequence number of the missing first PDU and / or the sequence number and segment number of the missing second PDU.

[0090] In some embodiments, the first protocol layer of the first terminal device delivers the first data packet and / or the third data packet to the application layer in sequence according to the sorting result of the PDUs in the second receive buffer, including: if the first protocol layer of the first terminal device determines that a missing first PDU or a missing second PDU has not been received within a timeout period, it delivers the first data packet and / or the third data packet of the PDU with the sequence number following the missing first PDU or the missing second PDU in the second receive buffer to the application layer in sequence.

[0091] Of course, there may be cases where PDUs are not missing in the second receive buffer. In such cases, the first protocol layer of the first terminal device will decapsulate the first PDU according to the order of the PDUs in the second receive buffer (i.e., the sorting result) and submit it to the application layer. It will also decapsulate and assemble the second PDU into a third data packet and submit it to the application layer.

[0092] The phrase "submitting the first data packet and / or the third data packet of the PDU following the missing first PDU or the missing second PDU in sequence to the application layer" can be understood as either submitting the first data packet and / or the third data packet of the PDU following the missing first PDU in sequence to the application layer, or submitting the first data packet and / or the third data packet of the PDU following the missing second PDU in sequence to the application layer.

[0093] Exemplarily, as one possible implementation, Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the implementation process of a network-free communication method provided in this application embodiment. Figure 3 ,like Figure 8 As shown, the data link layer (an example of a first protocol layer) is used to assemble, sort, retransmit, and deliver data packets carried by the PDUs to the application layer from the physical layer, either PDUs (an example of at least one first PDU) or PDU segments (an example of multiple second PDUs).

[0094] When the first protocol layer operates in acknowledged mode, the data link layer maintains a receive window (i.e., an example of a second receive buffer) and processes PDUs and PDU segments uniformly within the same receive window. When a complete data packet is received (including the received PDU or all PDU segments with the same sequence number), the complete data packet is delivered to the application layer, and the receive window slides forward one sequence number.

[0095] For example, for the first PDU, such as Figure 9 As shown, when the first PDU with sequence number SN0 is received, the first data packet carried by the first PDU with sequence number SN0 is delivered to the application layer, and the AM receiving window (i.e. the receiving window in AM mode) is slid. The slid AM receiving window is used to buffer PDUs from SN1 to SNx+1.

[0096] For example, regarding the second PDU, such as Figure 10 As shown, when multiple second PDUs with sequence number SN2 are received, if it is determined that the second PDU with sequence number SN2 is not missing, the second data packets carried by all the second PDUs with sequence number SN2 are assembled according to the segment number to obtain the third data packet; the third data packet is submitted to the application layer, and the AM receiving window is slid. The slid AM receiving window is used to buffer PDUs from SN3 to SNx+6.

[0097] When a PDU or PDU segment is determined to be missing, the receiving end organizes the transmission of ACK / NACK information to the sending end UE. The ACK / NACK information includes an indication of the reception status (i.e., received or not received) of the PDU with the corresponding sequence number or the PDU segment corresponding to the segment number under the corresponding sequence number, and starts a sorting timer for the missing PDU or PDU segment. If the sorting timer for the PDU or PDU segment times out, and the PDU or PDU segment corresponding to the sorting timer has not yet been received, the first data packet and / or the third data packet of the PDU following the sequence number of the PDU or PDU segment that triggered the sorting timer will be delivered to the application layer in sequence.

[0098] For example, for the first PDU (corresponding to the PDU mentioned above), such as Figure 11 As shown, when the first protocol layer is waiting to receive the first PDU with sequence number SN0, it first receives the first PDU with sequence number SN1. At this point, it determines that the first PDU with sequence number SN0 is missing, and the receiving end organizes and sends ACK / NACK information to the sending end UE. The ACK / NACK information includes an indication that the first PDU with sequence number SN0 has not been received, and a sorting timer is started for the missing first PDU with sequence number SN0. If all the second PDUs with sequence number SN2 are received before the sorting timer expires, the second data packets carried by all the second PDUs with sequence number SN2 are assembled according to the segment numbers to obtain the third data packet. If the sorting timer corresponding to the first PDU with sequence number SN0 expires and the first PDU with sequence number SN0 is not received, the first data packet and the third data packet carried by the first PDU with sequence number SN1 received after the first PDU with sequence number SN0 are delivered to the application layer in sequence. At this time, the AM receiving window slides, and the slid AM receiving window is used to buffer PDUs from SN3 to SNx+6.

[0099] For example, for the second PDU (corresponding to the PDU segmentation mentioned above), such as Figure 12As shown, when the first protocol layer is waiting to receive multiple second PDUs with different segment numbers of sequence number SN3, it receives a second PDU with sequence number SN3 and segment number FN0, a second PDU with sequence number SN3 and segment number FN1, and a second PDU with sequence number SN3 and segment number FN3. At this point, it is determined that the second PDU with sequence number SN3 and segment number FN2 is missing. The receiving end organizes the sending of ACK / NACK information to the sending end UE. The ACK / NACK information includes an indication that the second PDU with sequence number SN3 and segment number FN2 has not been received, and a sorting timer is started for the missing second PDU with sequence number SN3 and segment number FN2. If the first PDU with sequence number SN4 is received before the sorting timer expires... If the sorting timer for the second PDU with sequence number SN3 and segment number FN2 times out, and the second PDU with sequence number SN3 and segment number FN2 is not received, then the first data packet carried by the first PDU with sequence number SN4, received after the second PDU with sequence number SN3 and segment number FN2, is delivered to the application layer. At this time, the AM receive window is slid, and the slid AM receive window is used to buffer PDUs from SN5 to SNx+8.

[0100] In some embodiments, the first protocol layer of the first terminal device operates in an unacknowledged mode. For step 603 mentioned above, that is, the first protocol layer of the first terminal device delivers the at least one data packet to the application layer of the first terminal device, it includes: the first protocol layer of the first terminal device delivers the at least one data packet to the application layer of the first terminal device in the order of receiving the corresponding PDU.

[0101] It is understood that, in this embodiment, the first protocol layer of the first terminal device delivers the data packets carried by at least one PDU sent by the physical layer to the application layer in the order of reception. Thus, compared to a layered first protocol layer (i.e., before delivering the data packets carried by the PDU to the application layer, the received PDUs need to be reordered before being delivered in order), this embodiment concentrates the transmission processing of PDUs from the physical layer into one layer, which is beneficial for shortening the transmission latency of the data packets carried by the PDU and improving communication efficiency.

[0102] In some embodiments, the first protocol layer of the first terminal device operates in an unacknowledged mode, and the first receive buffer is a buffer of the first protocol layer of the first terminal device, which is used to buffer the plurality of second PDUs.

[0103] For step 602, the first protocol layer of the first terminal device performs a first process on the at least one PDU to obtain at least one data packet, including: the first protocol layer of the first terminal device caches the second PDU carrying the segment number in the first receive buffer; when the first protocol layer of the first terminal device determines that the second PDU with the same sequence number in the first receive buffer is not missing, it decapsulates all the second PDUs with the same sequence number and assembles the decapsulated second data packets according to the segment number to obtain a third data packet;

[0104] Accordingly, for step 603, the first protocol layer of the first terminal device delivers the at least one data packet to the application layer of the first terminal device, including: the first protocol layer of the first terminal device delivers the third data packet to the application layer.

[0105] It is understood that, in this embodiment, the first protocol layer of the first terminal device determines the sequence number and segment number of the second PDU in the first receive buffer. If it is determined that no second PDU with the same sequence number is missing, the second data packets carried by all second PDUs with the same sequence number are assembled according to the segment number, and the assembled third data packet is submitted to the application layer. Thus, compared to the layered design where the received PDUs need to be reordered before the data packets carried by the PDUs are submitted to the application layer, this embodiment concentrates the data packet transmission processing in one layer, eliminating the need for secondary sorting, shortening the transmission delay of the data packets carried by the second PDUs, and improving communication efficiency.

[0106] It should be understood that the size of the first receiving buffer is not limited in the embodiments of this application. In some embodiments, the size of the first receiving buffer is the cumulative buffer size of the PDUs corresponding to a predefined maximum number of segments.

[0107] For example, as a possible implementation, when the first protocol layer operates in unacknowledged mode, the first protocol layer only maintains a receive window (i.e., an example of a second receive buffer). This receive window is used for assembling segmented PDUs (i.e., an example of multiple second PDUs), and its size is the cumulative buffer size of the PDUs corresponding to the maximum number of segments. Figure 13 As shown, the size of the UM receive window is the buffer size required for the second PDU corresponding to FN0 to FNx. The UM receive window can be understood as the receive window in UM mode.

[0108] In some embodiments, the offline communication method further includes: when the first protocol layer of the first terminal device determines that the missing second PDU has not been received within a timeout period, it performs a discarding process on the second PDU with the same sequence number as the missing second PDU in the first receive buffer or the second receive buffer.

[0109] It is understood that in this embodiment, when the first protocol layer determines that a missing second PDU has not been received within a timeout period, it will discard the second PDU with the same sequence number as the missing second PDU in either the first or second receive buffer. Compared to a layered design, when the PDCP layer needs to discard a second PDU, it needs to notify the RLC layer to also perform a discarding action. However, at this time, the RLC layer may have already sent the second PDU to be discarded to the lower layer, or even sent it to the other end in the air interface, resulting in a problem of asynchronous window sliding between the PDCP layer and the RLC layer. In contrast, this embodiment concentrates the transmission processing of PDUs from the physical layer into one layer, which can avoid the problems of low communication efficiency and low communication throughput caused by asynchronous window sliding between the PDCP layer and the RLC layer in the layered design, as described above.

[0110] For example, as one possible implementation, when the first protocol layer of the first terminal device operates in non-acknowledgment mode, if the first protocol layer detects a missing segment, it considers that the entire PDU containing the segment cannot be collected, and thus discards all related segments; the criterion for determining a missing segment is that the segment number is not consecutive. For example... Figure 14 As shown, if FN2 and FN4 are not consecutive in the UM receiving window, then all second PDUs from FN0 to FNx are discarded.

[0111] When the first protocol layer operates in acknowledgment mode, if the first protocol layer determines that a PDU segment is missing, the receiving end organizes the sending of ACK / NACK information to the sending end UE. The ACK / NACK information includes an indication of the reception status of the PDU corresponding to the segment number under the corresponding sequence number (i.e., received or not received). If the receiving window sorting time expires, it is considered that the PDU containing this segment cannot be received in full, and all segments are discarded. For example Figure 15 As shown, in segment SN2, if the second PDU with segment number FN1 is not received when the timer expires, all segments with sequence number SN2 are discarded, and the AM receiving window is slid. The slid AM receiving window is used to buffer PDUs from SN3 to SNx+6.

[0112] As can be understood, the above describes the data transmission process from the physical layer to the application layer after the receiving end receives the PDU. The following describes the data transmission process from the application layer to the physical layer before the sending end sends the PDU to the receiving end.

[0113] This application provides a network-free communication method, which is applied to a second terminal device, enabling network-free communication between the second terminal device and a first terminal device. Figure 16 A schematic diagram of the implementation process of a network-free communication method provided in this application embodiment. Figure 4 ,like Figure 16 As shown, the method includes the following steps 1601 to 1603:

[0114] Step 1601: The first protocol layer of the second terminal device receives at least one data packet sent by the application layer of the second terminal device;

[0115] Step 1602, the first protocol layer of the second terminal device performs a second processing on the at least one data packet to obtain at least one PDU; the second processing includes one or more of the following: segmentation, sequence number allocation, segment number allocation, and encapsulation; the first protocol layer of the second terminal device is a single-layer structure, that is, the first protocol layer does not adopt a layered design, and the first protocol layer of the second terminal device is not subdivided into multiple protocol layers;

[0116] Step 1603: The first protocol layer of the second terminal device delivers the at least one PDU to the physical layer of the second terminal device to send the at least one PDU to the first terminal device.

[0117] It is understood that in this embodiment of the application, in the scenario of wireless communication between the first terminal device and the second terminal device, the sending end (second terminal device) processes data packets from the application layer using a single-layer first protocol layer for secondary processing. This first protocol layer does not employ a layered design / is not subdivided into multiple protocol layers. The second terminal device processes data packets sent by the application layer uniformly within this single protocol layer; rather than using a layered protocol layer design to process data packets (e.g., using RLC and RDCP layers to process data packets sent by the application layer separately). In other words, in this embodiment, data packets sent by the application layer are processed uniformly within a single layer. This solves the problem of a high header proportion in the encapsulated PDU due to layered design, thereby saving bit overhead in data packet encapsulation, which in turn saves wireless resource transmission overhead and improves data packet transmission efficiency.

[0118] In some embodiments, for step 1602, the first protocol layer of the second terminal device performs a second processing on the at least one data packet to obtain at least one PDU, including: the first protocol layer of the second terminal device encapsulates the first data packet to obtain a first PDU; the first PDU carries a sequence number and the first data packet; the first data packet is a data packet sent by the application layer with a length less than or equal to a first threshold; the first protocol layer of the second terminal device delivers the first PDU to the physical layer in sequence.

[0119] It is understood that in the embodiments of this application, the first protocol layer of the second terminal device only performs one encapsulation before submitting the first PDU to the physical layer. Compared with the two encapsulations in the layered design, it is beneficial to reduce the bit ratio of the header in the first PDU, thereby saving the transmission resource overhead of wireless resources, improving the transmission efficiency of data packets and communication throughput.

[0120] In some embodiments, for step 1602, the first protocol layer of the second terminal device performs a second processing on the at least one data packet to obtain at least one PDU, including: the first protocol layer of the second terminal device segments the third data packet to obtain a plurality of second data packets; wherein, the third data packet is a data packet sent by the application layer with a length greater than a first threshold; the first protocol layer of the second terminal device encapsulates the second data packets to obtain a second PDU; the second PDU carries a sequence number, a segment number, and a second data packet; the first protocol layer of the second terminal device delivers the second PDUs corresponding to the plurality of second data packets to the physical layer in sequence.

[0121] It is understood that in the embodiments of this application, the first protocol layer of the second terminal device only performs one encapsulation before submitting the second PDU to the physical layer. Compared with the two encapsulations in the layered design, it is beneficial to reduce the bit ratio of the header in the second PDU, thereby saving the transmission resource overhead of wireless resources, improving the transmission efficiency of data packets and the communication throughput.

[0122] For example, as one possible implementation, when the data link layer (i.e., an example of the first protocol layer) is in unacknowledged mode, the data link layer does not maintain a sending window (i.e., a sending buffer) and encapsulates the data packets received from the application layer into PDUs before delivering them to the physical layer.

[0123] In some embodiments, the first protocol layer of the second terminal device operates in an acknowledgment mode, and the first transmission buffer is a buffer of the first protocol layer of the second terminal device, which is used to buffer a first PDU and a second PDU to be delivered; the offline communication method further includes: when the first protocol layer of the second terminal device delivers a first PDU or a second PDU from the first transmission buffer to the physical layer, it starts a first timer for the delivered PDU; when the first protocol layer of the second terminal device determines that the first timer has expired and no ACK information for the corresponding delivered PDU has been received, it discards the corresponding PDU in the first transmission buffer; the ACK information is feedback information from the first terminal device regarding the reception status of the corresponding PDU.

[0124] It is understood that in this embodiment, for data packets sent by the application layer, a single-layer first protocol layer processes the data packet, i.e., processing is performed uniformly in one layer. The first protocol layer of the second terminal device performs a second processing on at least one data packet sent by the application layer within the first transmission buffer. Compared to the layered design, when the PDCP layer needs to discard a second PDU, it needs to notify the RLC layer to also perform a discarding action. At this time, the RLC layer may have already sent the second PDU to be discarded to the lower layer, or even sent the second PDU to be discarded to the other end in the air interface, which causes the problem of asynchronous window sliding between the PDCP layer and the RLC layer. In this embodiment, the data packet transmission processing is concentrated in one layer, corresponding to one transmission window (i.e., transmission buffer), thereby avoiding the problems of low communication efficiency and low communication throughput caused by the asynchronous window sliding between the PDCP layer and the RLC layer in the layered design.

[0125] In some embodiments, the first protocol layer of the second terminal device operates in an acknowledgment mode. When the first protocol layer of the second terminal device determines that no ACK information for the corresponding PDU has been received after the first timer expires, it performs a discarding process on the corresponding PDU in the first transmission buffer. This includes: when the first protocol layer of the second terminal device determines that no ACK information for the first PDU has been received after the first timer expires, it performs a discarding process on the first PDU in the first transmission buffer.

[0126] In some embodiments, the first protocol layer of the second terminal device operates in an acknowledgment mode. When the first protocol layer of the second terminal device determines that no ACK information for the corresponding PDU has been received after the first timer expires, it performs a discarding process on the corresponding PDU in the first transmission buffer. This includes: when the first protocol layer of the second terminal device determines that no ACK information for the corresponding second PDU has been received after the first timer expires, it performs a discarding process on the corresponding second PDU and the second PDU with the same sequence number as the corresponding second PDU.

[0127] In some embodiments, the first protocol layer of the second terminal device operates in an acknowledgment mode, and the offline communication method further includes: if the first protocol layer of the second terminal device receives NACK information for the corresponding first PDU or second PDU before the first timer expires, it retransmits the corresponding PDU; the NACK information is feedback information from the first terminal device regarding the reception status of the corresponding PDU.

[0128] In some embodiments, if the first protocol layer of the second terminal device receives the NACK information of the corresponding first PDU or second PDU before the first timer expires, it retransmits the corresponding PDU.

[0129] In some embodiments, if the first protocol layer of the second terminal device receives the NACK information of the corresponding submitted first PDU or second PDU before the first timer expires, it retransmits the corresponding second PDU.

[0130] In some embodiments, the first protocol layer of the second terminal device operates in an acknowledgment mode. When the first protocol layer of the second terminal device receives the ACK information of the corresponding PDU before the first timer expires, or after the first protocol layer of the second terminal device performs the discarding process, it adds a new PDU to be delivered to the first transmission buffer.

[0131] Exemplarily, as one possible implementation, Figure 17 A schematic diagram of the implementation process of a network-free communication method provided in this application embodiment. Figure 5 ,like Figure 17As shown, the data link layer (an embodiment of the first protocol layer) of the second terminal device performs a second processing on the data sent by the application layer. The second processing includes: segmentation, allocation of sequence number, allocation of segment number, retransmission, and encapsulation of the data packet into a PDU.

[0132] When the first protocol layer of the second terminal device operates in acknowledgment mode, the first protocol layer assigns a sequence number to each application layer data packet, and segmented data packets also need to be assigned an additional segment number; and maintains a transmission sliding window (i.e., an example of the first transmission buffer), processing the PDUs and PDU segments to be transmitted within the same transmission window (i.e., an example of the first transmission buffer); sending the PDUs and PDU segments to the physical layer for transmission processing, starting a discard timer (i.e., an example of the first timer) for each PDU and PDU segment, when an ACK is received for a PDU or PDU segment, it is considered that the PDU or PDU segment has been successfully received by the receiving UE, and then the transmission window slides backward to the first PDU or PDU segment that has not received an ACK.

[0133] For example Figure 18 As shown, if the discard timer has not expired and an ACK message for the first PDU with sequence number SN0 is received, the AM transmission window is slid. The slid AM transmission window is used to buffer PDUs from SN1 to SNx+1. The AM transmission window can be understood as the transmission window in AM mode.

[0134] When the first protocol layer operates in acknowledged mode, if the discard timer times out, the current PDU or PDU segment is considered to have timed out and is discarded. If it is a PDU segment, all PDU segments with the same sequence number as this PDU segment are discarded.

[0135] For example Figure 19 As shown, in segment SN2, if the discard timer times out and the second PDU with segment number FN0 is not received, all second PDUs with sequence number SN2 are discarded, and the AM transmission window is slid. The slid AM transmission window is used to buffer PDUs from SN3 to SNx+6.

[0136] The following examples illustrate possible implementation schemes of the wireless communication method described in one or more of the above embodiments.

[0137] For the receiving end, when the first protocol layer operates in non-acknowledgment mode, the first protocol layer only maintains a receiving window (i.e., an example of a second receiving buffer). The receiving window is used for assembling segmented PDUs (i.e., an example of multiple second PDUs), and the window size is the cumulative buffer size of the PDUs corresponding to the maximum number of segments.

[0138] When the first protocol layer operates in non-acknowledgment mode, if the first protocol layer detects a missing segment, it assumes that the PDU corresponding to the sequence number of the segment cannot be collected, and thus discards all related segments; the criterion for judging a missing segment is that the segment number is not continuous.

[0139] When the first protocol layer operates in acknowledgment mode, the data link layer maintains a receive window (i.e., an example of a second receive buffer) and processes PDUs (an example of at least one first PDU) and PDU segments (an example of multiple second PDUs) uniformly within the same receive window; when a complete data packet is received (including the receipt of a PDU or all PDU segments with the same sequence number), the complete data packet is delivered to the application layer, and the window slides forward one sequence number.

[0140] When the first protocol layer operates in acknowledgment mode, if the first protocol layer determines that a PDU or a PDU segment is missing, the receiving end organizes the sending of ACK / NACK information to the sending end UE. The ACK / NACK information includes an indication of the reception status (i.e., whether the PDU with the corresponding sequence number or the PDU segment corresponding to the segment number under the corresponding sequence number) of the PDU.

[0141] If the sorting timer corresponding to a PDU or PDU segment times out, the first data packet and / or the third data packet following the sequence number of the PDU or PDU segment that triggered the sorting timer will be delivered to the application layer in sequence. If the sorting timer is triggered by a PDU segment, it is considered that the PDUs in the same sequence corresponding to the entire PDU segment cannot be collected, and all related segments are discarded; the criterion for judging a missing segment is that the segment number is not consecutive.

[0142] For the sending end, when the data link layer (i.e., an example of the first protocol layer) is operating in unacknowledged mode, the data link layer does not maintain a sending window and delivers PDUs to the physical layer for processing in sequence.

[0143] When the first protocol layer operates in acknowledgment mode, it assigns a sequence number to each application layer data packet, and additional segment numbers to segmented data packets. It also maintains a transmission sliding window (an example of the first transmission buffer), processing the PDUs and PDU segments to be transmitted within the same transmission window (an example of the first transmission buffer). The PDUs and PDU segments are sent to the physical layer for transmission processing. A discard timer (an example of the first timer) is started for each PDU and PDU segment. When an ACK is received for a PDU or PDU segment, it is considered that the PDU or PDU segment has been successfully received by the receiving UE, and the transmission window slides backward to the first PDU or PDU segment that has not received an ACK.

[0144] When the first protocol layer operates in acknowledged mode, if the discard timer times out, the current PDU or PDU segment is considered to have timed out and is discarded. If it is a PDU segment, all PDU segments with the same sequence number as this PDU segment are discarded.

[0145] It is understood that in the embodiments of this application, data packet transmission processing is concentrated in one layer, which greatly reduces the length and proportion of data packet headers; PDU segmentation and PDU processing in the same window improve the data link layer data packet processing efficiency and avoid problems such as low efficiency caused by multiple windows being out of sync.

[0146] It should be noted that although the steps of the method in this application are described in a specific order in the accompanying drawings, this does not require or imply that the steps must be performed in that specific order, or that all the steps shown must be performed to achieve the desired result. Additional or alternative steps may be omitted, multiple steps may be combined into one step, and / or one step may be broken down into multiple steps; or steps from different embodiments may be combined into a new technical solution.

[0147] This application provides a network-free communication device, which is applied to communication equipment. Figure 20 This is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device 200 provided in an embodiment of this application. The communication device can be a first terminal device or a second terminal device. Figure 20 The communication device 200 shown includes a processor 2001, which can call and run computer programs from memory to implement the methods in the embodiments of this application.

[0148] Optionally, such as Figure 20As shown, the communication device 200 may further include a memory 2002. The processor 2001 can retrieve and run computer programs from the memory 2002 to implement the methods described in this embodiment.

[0149] The memory 2002 can be a separate device independent of the processor 2001, or it can be integrated into the processor 2001.

[0150] Optionally, such as Figure 20 As shown, the communication device 200 may also include a transceiver 2003. The processor 2001 can control the transceiver 2003 to communicate with other devices. Specifically, it can send information or data to other devices or receive information or data sent by other devices.

[0151] The transceiver 2003 may include a transmitter and a receiver. The transceiver 2003 may further include an antenna, and the number of antennas may be one or more.

[0152] Optionally, the communication device 200 may specifically be the first terminal device in the embodiments of this application, and the communication device 200 may implement the corresponding processes implemented by the first terminal device in the various methods of the embodiments of this application. For the sake of brevity, it will not be described in detail here.

[0153] Optionally, the communication device 200 may specifically be the second terminal device in the embodiments of this application, and the communication device 200 may implement the corresponding processes implemented by the second terminal device in the various methods of the embodiments of this application. For the sake of brevity, it will not be described in detail here.

[0154] Figure 21 This is a schematic structural diagram of a chip according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 21 The chip 210 shown includes a processor 2101, which can call and run computer programs from memory to implement the methods in the embodiments of this application.

[0155] Optionally, such as Figure 21 As shown, chip 210 may further include memory 2102. Processor 2101 can retrieve and run computer programs from memory 2102 to implement the methods described in this embodiment.

[0156] The memory 2102 can be a separate device independent of the processor 2101, or it can be integrated into the processor 2101.

[0157] Optionally, the chip 210 may also include an input interface 2103. The processor 2101 can control the input interface 2103 to communicate with other devices or chips, specifically, to acquire information or data sent by other devices or chips.

[0158] Optionally, the chip 210 may also include an output interface 2104. The processor 2101 can control the output interface 2104 to communicate with other devices or chips, specifically, to output information or data to other devices or chips.

[0159] Optionally, the chip can be applied to the first terminal device in the embodiments of this application, and the chip can implement the corresponding processes implemented by the first terminal device in the various methods of the embodiments of this application. For the sake of brevity, it will not be described in detail here.

[0160] Optionally, the chip can be applied to the second terminal device in the embodiments of this application, and the chip can implement the corresponding processes implemented by the second terminal device in the various methods of the embodiments of this application. For the sake of brevity, it will not be described in detail here.

[0161] It should be understood that the chip mentioned in the embodiments of this application may also be referred to as a system-on-a-chip, system chip, chip system, or system-on-a-chip, etc.

[0162] This application also provides a computer storage medium storing one or more programs, which can be executed by one or more processors to implement the methods in this application.

[0163] Figure 22 This is a schematic block diagram of a communication system 2200 provided for an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 22 As shown, the communication system 2200 includes a second terminal device 2210 and a first terminal device 2220.

[0164] The second terminal device 2210 can be used to implement the corresponding functions implemented by the second terminal device in the above method, and the first terminal device 2220 can be used to implement the corresponding functions implemented by the first terminal device in the above method. For the sake of brevity, these will not be elaborated here.

[0165] In this embodiment, there is no limitation on the types of the first terminal device and the second terminal device. The first terminal device and the second terminal device can be various devices with interference detection capabilities and wireless communication capabilities. For example, the first terminal device or the second terminal device can be a smartphone, laptop, tablet, smart home device, headphones, speaker, keyboard, mouse, smart bracelet, IoT device, or vehicle device, etc.

[0166] It should be noted that the descriptions of the communication devices, chips, communication systems, storage media, computer program products, and computer program embodiments above are similar to the descriptions of the method embodiments above, and have similar beneficial effects. For technical details not disclosed in the communication devices, chips, communication systems, storage media, computer program products, and computer program embodiments of this application, please refer to the descriptions of the method embodiments of this application for understanding.

[0167] Figure 23 A schematic diagram of the structure of a network-free communication device provided in this application embodiment. Figure 1 The wireless communication device is applied to a first terminal device, which communicates wirelessly with a second terminal device, such as... Figure 23 As shown, the wireless communication device 230 includes: a physical layer 2301, a first protocol layer 2302, and an application layer 2303; wherein,

[0168] The first protocol layer 2302 is configured to receive at least one PDU sent by the physical layer 2301; wherein the at least one PDU comes from the second terminal device;

[0169] The first protocol layer 2302 is configured to perform a first process on the at least one PDU to obtain at least one data packet; the first process includes one or more of the following: sorting, assembly, and decapsulation; the first protocol layer 2302 is a single-layer structure and does not adopt a layered design.

[0170] The first protocol layer 2302 is configured to deliver the at least one data packet to the application layer 2303.

[0171] In some embodiments, the at least one PDU includes at least one first PDU and / or multiple second PDUs, wherein the first PDU carries a complete first data packet and the second PDU carries a segmented second data packet.

[0172] In some embodiments, the first protocol layer 2302 operates in an unacknowledged mode; the first protocol layer 2302 is configured to deliver the at least one data packet to the application layer 2303 in the order of receiving the corresponding PDU.

[0173] In some embodiments, the first receive buffer is a buffer of the first protocol layer 2302, and the first receive buffer is used to buffer the plurality of second PDUs; the first protocol layer 2302 is configured to: buffer the second PDUs carrying segment numbers in the first receive buffer; if it is determined that there are no missing second PDUs with the same sequence number in the first receive buffer, decapsulate all second PDUs with the same sequence number, and assemble the decapsulated second data packets according to the segment numbers to obtain a third data packet; and submit the third data packet to the application layer 2303.

[0174] In some embodiments, the first protocol layer 2302 operates in an acknowledgment mode; the second receive buffer is a buffer of the first protocol layer 2302, and the second receive buffer is used to buffer the at least one PDU; the first protocol layer 2302 is configured to: determine the sequence number of the first PDU in the second receive buffer, and / or, the sequence number and segment number of the second PDU; sort the PDUs in the second receive buffer according to the sequence number of the first PDU and / or the sequence number and segment number of the second PDU; decapsulate the first PDU in the second receive buffer to obtain a first data packet; if it is determined that no second PDU with the same sequence number is missing, decapsulate all second PDUs with the same sequence number, and assemble the decapsulated second data packets according to the segment numbers to obtain a third data packet; and submit the first data packet and / or the third data packet to the application layer 2303 in sequence according to the sorting result of the PDUs in the second receive buffer.

[0175] In some embodiments, the first protocol layer 2302 is further configured to add a new PDU from the physical layer 2301 to the second receive buffer when at least one data packet is delivered to the application layer 2303.

[0176] In some embodiments, the first protocol layer 2302 is further configured to: send feedback information to the second terminal device when it is determined that the first PDU and / or the second PDU is missing, the feedback information being used to indicate the serial number of the missing first PDU and / or the serial number and segment number of the missing second PDU.

[0177] In some embodiments, the first protocol layer 2302 is configured to: if it is determined that a missing first PDU or a missing second PDU has not been received within a timeout period, to sequentially submit the first data packet and / or the third data packet of the PDU whose sequence number in the second receive buffer follows the missing first PDU or the missing second PDU to the application layer 2303.

[0178] In some embodiments, the first protocol layer 2302 is further configured to: if it is determined that the missing second PDU has not been received within a timeout period, discard the second PDU with the same sequence number as the missing second PDU in the first receive buffer or the second receive buffer.

[0179] Figure 24 A schematic diagram of the structure of a network-free communication device provided in this application embodiment. Figure 2 This wireless communication device is applied to a second terminal device, enabling wireless communication between the first and second terminal devices, such as... Figure 24 As shown, the wireless communication device 240 includes: an application layer 2401, a first protocol layer 2402, and a physical layer 2403;

[0180] The first protocol layer 2402 is configured to receive at least one data packet sent by the application layer 2401;

[0181] The first protocol layer 2402 is configured to perform a second processing on the at least one data packet to obtain at least one PDU; the second processing includes one or more of the following: segmentation, sequence number allocation, segment number allocation, and encapsulation; the first protocol layer 2402 is a single-layer structure and does not adopt a layered design.

[0182] The first protocol layer 2402 is configured to deliver the at least one PDU to the physical layer 2403 to send the at least one PDU to the first terminal device.

[0183] In some embodiments, the first protocol layer 2402 is configured to: encapsulate the first data packet to obtain a first PDU; the first PDU carries a sequence number and the first data packet; the first data packet is a data packet sent by the application layer 2401 with a length less than or equal to a first threshold; and deliver the first PDU to the physical layer 2403 in sequence.

[0184] In some embodiments, the first protocol layer 2402 is configured to: segment the third data packet to obtain a plurality of second data packets; wherein the third data packet is a data packet sent by the application layer 2401 with a length greater than a first threshold; encapsulate the second data packets to obtain a second PDU; the second PDU carries a sequence number, a segment number and the second data packet; and deliver the second PDUs corresponding to the plurality of second data packets to the physical layer 2403 in sequence.

[0185] In some embodiments, the first protocol layer 2402 operates in an acknowledgment mode; the first transmission buffer is a buffer of the first protocol layer 2402, and the first transmission buffer is used to buffer the first PDU and the second PDU to be delivered; the first protocol layer 2402 is further configured to: start a first timer for the delivered PDU when a first PDU or a second PDU is delivered from the first transmission buffer to the physical layer 2403; and discard the corresponding PDU in the first transmission buffer if the first timer expires and no ACK information for the corresponding delivered PDU is received; the ACK information is feedback information from the first terminal device regarding the reception status of the corresponding PDU.

[0186] In some embodiments, the first protocol layer 2402 is configured to: if it is determined that the first timer has expired and no ACK information for the corresponding submitted second PDU has been received, discard the corresponding second PDU and the second PDU with the same sequence number as the corresponding second PDU.

[0187] In some embodiments, the first protocol layer 2402 is further configured to: retransmit the corresponding PDU if the first timer does not time out and the corresponding delivered first PDU or second PDU NACK information is received; the NACK information is feedback information from the first terminal device regarding the reception status of the corresponding PDU.

[0188] In some embodiments, the first protocol layer 2402 is further configured to: add a new PDU to be delivered to the first transmission buffer if the first timer has not expired and the ACK information of the corresponding PDU is received, or if the first protocol layer 2402 performs the discarding process.

[0189] The descriptions of the above device embodiments are similar to those of the above method embodiments, and have similar beneficial effects. For technical details not disclosed in the device embodiments of this application, please refer to the descriptions of the method embodiments of this application for understanding.

[0190] It should be understood that the processor in the embodiments of this application may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. In implementation, the steps of the above method embodiments can be completed by integrated logic circuits in the processor's hardware or by instructions in software form. The processor described above can be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components. It can implement or execute the methods, steps, and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of this application. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The steps of the methods disclosed in the embodiments of this application can be directly embodied in the execution of a hardware decoding processor, or executed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor. The software modules can be located in random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable memory, registers, or other mature storage media in the art. The storage medium is located in memory, and the processor reads information from the memory and, in conjunction with its hardware, completes the steps of the above method.

[0191] It is understood that the memory in the embodiments of this application can be volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory. The non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or flash memory. The volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache. By way of example, but not limitation, many forms of RAM are available, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), Synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), Double Data Rate SDRAM (DDR SDRAM), Enhanced Synchronous DRAM (ESDRAM), Synchlink DRAM (SLDRAM), and Direct Rambus RAM (DR RAM). It should be noted that the memory used in the systems and methods described herein is intended to include, but is not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0192] It should be understood that the above-described memory is exemplary and not a limiting description. For example, the memory in the embodiments of this application may also be static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous link dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and direct memory bus RAM (DR RAM), etc. That is to say, the memory in the embodiments of this application is intended to include, but is not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0193] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium for storing computer programs.

[0194] Optionally, the computer-readable storage medium can be applied to the first terminal device in the embodiments of this application, and the computer program causes the computer to execute the corresponding processes implemented by the first terminal device in the various methods of the embodiments of this application. For the sake of brevity, it will not be described in detail here.

[0195] Optionally, the computer-readable storage medium can be applied to the second terminal device in the embodiments of this application, and the computer program causes the computer to execute the corresponding processes implemented by the second terminal device in the various methods of the embodiments of this application. For the sake of brevity, it will not be described in detail here.

[0196] This application also provides a computer program product, including computer program instructions.

[0197] Optionally, the computer program product can be applied to the first terminal device in the embodiments of this application, and the computer program instructions cause the computer to execute the corresponding processes implemented by the first terminal device in the various methods of the embodiments of this application. For the sake of brevity, they will not be described in detail here.

[0198] Optionally, the computer program product can be applied to the second terminal device in the embodiments of this application, and the computer program instructions cause the computer to execute the corresponding processes implemented by the second terminal device in the various methods of the embodiments of this application. For the sake of brevity, they will not be described in detail here.

[0199] This application also provides a computer program.

[0200] Optionally, the computer program can be applied to the first terminal device in the embodiments of this application. When the computer program is run on the computer, it causes the computer to execute the corresponding processes implemented by the first terminal device in the various methods of the embodiments of this application. For the sake of brevity, it will not be described in detail here.

[0201] Optionally, the computer program can be applied to the second terminal device in the embodiments of this application. When the computer program is run on the computer, it causes the computer to execute the corresponding processes implemented by the second terminal device in the various methods of the embodiments of this application. For the sake of brevity, it will not be described in detail here.

[0202] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0203] Those skilled in the art will understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0204] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0205] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0206] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0207] If the aforementioned functions are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a portion of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a communication device / terminal device (which may be a mobile phone, tablet computer, laptop computer, smartwatch, personal computer, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0208] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A network-free communication method, characterized in that, The method, applied to a first terminal device, wherein the first terminal device and a second terminal device perform network-free communication, includes: The first protocol layer of the first terminal device receives at least one PDU sent by the physical layer of the first terminal device; wherein, the at least one PDU comes from the second terminal device; The first protocol layer of the first terminal device performs a first process on the at least one PDU to obtain at least one data packet; the first process includes one or more of the following: sorting, assembly, and decapsulation; the first protocol layer is a single-layer structure. The first protocol layer of the first terminal device delivers the at least one data packet to the application layer of the first terminal device.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The at least one PDU includes at least one first PDU and / or multiple second PDUs, wherein the first PDU carries a complete first data packet and the second PDU carries a segmented second data packet.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first protocol layer of the first terminal device operates in non-acknowledgment mode; The first protocol layer of the first terminal device delivers the at least one data packet to the application layer of the first terminal device, including: The first protocol layer of the first terminal device delivers the at least one data packet to the application layer of the first terminal device in the order of receiving the corresponding PDU.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first receive buffer is a buffer of the first protocol layer, and the first receive buffer is used to buffer the plurality of second PDUs; The first protocol layer of the first terminal device performs first processing on the at least one PDU to obtain at least one data packet, including: The first protocol layer of the first terminal device will cache the second PDU carrying the segment number in the first receive buffer; If the first protocol layer of the first terminal device determines that there are no missing second PDUs with the same sequence number in the first receive buffer, it decapsulates all second PDUs with the same sequence number and assembles the decapsulated second data packets according to the segment numbers to obtain the third data packet; The first protocol layer of the first terminal device delivers the at least one data packet to the application layer of the first terminal device, including: the first protocol layer of the first terminal device delivering the third data packet to the application layer.

5. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first protocol layer of the first terminal device operates in an acknowledgment mode; the second receive buffer is a buffer of the first protocol layer of the first terminal device, and the second receive buffer is used to buffer the at least one PDU; The first protocol layer of the first terminal device performs first processing on the at least one PDU to obtain at least one data packet, including: The first protocol layer of the first terminal device determines the sequence number of the first PDU in the second receive buffer, and / or the sequence number and segment number of the second PDU; The first protocol layer of the first terminal device sorts the PDUs in the second receive buffer according to the sequence number of the first PDU and / or the sequence number and segment number of the second PDU; The first protocol layer of the first terminal device decapsulates the first PDU in the second receive buffer to obtain the first data packet; If the first protocol layer of the first terminal device determines that there are no missing second PDUs with the same serial number, it decapsulates all second PDUs with the same serial number and assembles the decapsulated second data packets according to the segment numbers to obtain the third data packet; The first protocol layer of the first terminal device delivers the at least one data packet to the application layer of the first terminal device, including: The first protocol layer of the first terminal device delivers the first data packet and / or the third data packet to the application layer in sequence according to the sorting result of the PDUs in the second receive buffer.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The method further includes: When the first protocol layer of the first terminal device delivers at least one data packet to the application layer, it adds a new PDU from the physical layer to the second receive buffer.

7. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The method further includes: If the first protocol layer of the first terminal device determines that the first PDU and / or the second PDU is missing, it sends feedback information to the second terminal device; the feedback information is used to indicate the sequence number of the missing first PDU and / or the sequence number and segment number of the missing second PDU.

8. The method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, The first protocol layer of the first terminal device delivers the first data packet and / or the third data packet to the application layer in sequence according to the sorting result of the PDUs in the second receive buffer, including: If the first protocol layer of the first terminal device determines that it has not received the missing first PDU or the missing second PDU within a timeout period, it will sequentially submit the first data packet and / or the third data packet of the PDU whose sequence number in the second receive buffer follows the missing first PDU or the missing second PDU to the application layer.

9. The method according to claim 4, 5, 7 or 8, characterized in that, The method further includes: If the first protocol layer of the first terminal device determines that the missing second PDU has not been received within a timeout period, it will discard the second PDU with the same sequence number as the missing second PDU in the first receive buffer or the second receive buffer.

10. A network-free communication method, characterized in that, Applied to a second terminal device, the second terminal device and the first terminal device perform network-free communication, the method includes: The first protocol layer of the second terminal device receives at least one data packet sent by the application layer of the second terminal device; The first protocol layer of the second terminal device performs a second processing on the at least one data packet to obtain at least one PDU; the second processing includes one or more of the following: segmentation, sequence number allocation, segment number allocation, and encapsulation; the first protocol layer is a single-layer structure; The first protocol layer of the second terminal device delivers the at least one PDU to the physical layer of the second terminal device to send the at least one PDU to the first terminal device.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that, The first protocol layer of the second terminal device performs a second processing on the at least one data packet to obtain at least one PDU, including: The first protocol layer of the second terminal device encapsulates the first data packet to obtain a first PDU; the first PDU carries a sequence number and the first data packet; the first data packet is a data packet sent by the application layer with a length less than or equal to a first threshold; The first protocol layer of the second terminal device delivers the first PDU to the physical layer in sequence.

12. The method according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that, The first protocol layer of the second terminal device performs a second processing on the at least one data packet to obtain at least one PDU, including: The first protocol layer of the second terminal device segments the third data packet to obtain multiple second data packets; wherein, the third data packet is a data packet sent by the application layer with a length greater than a first threshold; The first protocol layer of the second terminal device encapsulates the second data packet to obtain a second PDU; the second PDU carries a sequence number, a segment number, and the second data packet; The first protocol layer of the second terminal device delivers the second PDUs corresponding to the plurality of second data packets to the physical layer in sequence.

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that, The first protocol layer of the second terminal device operates in acknowledgment mode; the first transmission buffer is the buffer of the first protocol layer of the second terminal device, and the first transmission buffer is used to buffer the first PDU and the second PDU to be delivered; The method further includes: When the first protocol layer of the second terminal device submits a first PDU or a second PDU from the first transmit buffer to the physical layer, the first timer for the submitted PDU is started. If the first protocol layer of the second terminal device determines that the first timer has expired and no ACK information has been received for the corresponding PDU, it will discard the corresponding PDU in the first transmission buffer; the ACK information is feedback information from the first terminal device regarding the reception status of the corresponding PDU.

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that, If the first protocol layer of the second terminal device determines that no ACK information for the corresponding PDU has been received after the first timer expires, it will discard the corresponding PDU in the first transmission buffer, including: If the first protocol layer of the second terminal device determines that the first timer has expired and no ACK information has been received for the corresponding second PDU, it will discard the corresponding second PDU and the second PDU with the same sequence number as the corresponding second PDU.

15. The method according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that, The method further includes: If the first protocol layer of the second terminal device receives the NACK information for the corresponding first PDU or second PDU before the first timer expires, it retransmits the corresponding PDU; the NACK information is feedback information from the first terminal device regarding the reception status of the corresponding PDU.

16. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that, The method further includes: If the first protocol layer of the second terminal device receives the ACK information of the corresponding PDU before the first timer expires, or if the first protocol layer of the second terminal device performs the discarding process, it adds a new PDU to be delivered to the first transmission buffer.

17. A network-free communication device, characterized in that, The device is applied to a first terminal device, which communicates with a second terminal device without a network. The device includes: a physical layer, a first protocol layer, and an application layer. The first protocol layer is configured to receive at least one PDU sent by the physical layer; wherein the at least one PDU originates from the second terminal device; The first protocol layer is configured to perform a first process on the at least one PDU to obtain at least one data packet; the first process includes one or more of the following: sorting, assembly, and decapsulation; the first protocol layer is a single-layer structure; The first protocol layer is configured to deliver the at least one data packet to the application layer.

18. A network-free communication device, characterized in that, The device is applied to a second terminal device, which communicates with a first terminal device without a network. The device includes: an application layer, a first protocol layer, and a physical layer. The first protocol layer is configured to receive at least one data packet sent by the application layer; The first protocol layer is configured to perform a second processing on the at least one data packet to obtain at least one PDU; the second processing includes one or more of the following: segmentation, sequence number allocation, segment number allocation, and encapsulation; the first protocol layer is a single-layer structure; The first protocol layer is configured to deliver the at least one PDU to the physical layer to send the at least one PDU to the first terminal device.

19. A communication device, the communication device comprising: Memory, used to store computer programs; A processor, connected to the memory, is configured to call and run the computer program from the memory to implement the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, or the method as described in any one of claims 10 to 16; A transceiver is used to receive and send information when exchanging information with other devices.

20. A chip, the chip comprising: A processor for retrieving and running a computer program from memory, causing a device having the chip mounted to perform the method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, or the method as claimed in any one of claims 10 to 16; A transceiver is used to receive and send information during the exchange of information with a device or chip.

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