Efficient cyclone screening system for subcritical recycled aggregate production

Abstract

The invention discloses an efficient cyclone screening system for subcritical recycled aggregate production, and belongs to the technical field of building solid waste resource utilization, the efficient cyclone screening system comprises a cyclone separation unit, the cyclone separation unit comprises a cyclone cavity with a tangential air inlet, and an air outlet and a discharge port which are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the cyclone cavity; a secondary dynamic filtering unit is arranged at an air outlet of the cyclone separation unit; the secondary dynamic filtering unit comprises an air inlet pipe connected with the air outlet of the cyclone separation unit; an air outlet pipe; a differential pressure sensing mechanism; a filtering mechanism; a speed regulation mechanism; and a cleaning mechanism. According to the invention, the total separation efficiency of dust and the product recovery rate in recycled aggregate production are obviously improved, and the flying dust pollution is effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention mainly relates to the technical field of resource utilization of construction solid waste, specifically a high-efficiency cyclone screening system for subcritical recycled aggregate production. Background Technology

[0002] With the accelerating pace of urbanization and infrastructure upgrades in my country, the amount of construction waste generated is increasing daily. Processing construction waste through crushing, screening, and other techniques to produce recycled aggregates is an essential choice for achieving resource recycling, conserving natural stone, and protecting the environment. In this process, deep purification of the recycled aggregates is crucial. Subcritical cleaning technology, due to its ability to efficiently remove oil and impurities from the surface and crevices of the aggregates without damaging their physical structure, has become one of the key technologies for improving the quality of recycled aggregates.

[0003] However, in the aggregate drying and screening process after subcritical washing, traditional separation equipment has revealed significant technical shortcomings. The dried material airflow is rich in fine aggregates and dust ranging from micrometers to tens of micrometers in size. While traditional single cyclone separators can effectively separate coarser particles, their collection efficiency for these fine powders is limited, resulting in a large amount of fine powder escaping from the top outlet with the airflow. This not only causes the loss of valuable materials but also leads to serious dust pollution, affecting the working environment and equipment lifespan.

[0004] To capture these escaped fine particles, existing technologies typically involve installing fixed filters or filter bags at the rear end of the cyclone separator outlet for secondary filtration. However, this passive interception method has inherent drawbacks: as filtration progresses, fine particles quickly adhere to and accumulate on the filter surface, forming dust cakes, leading to a continuous increase in system airflow resistance. The direct consequence is a decrease in system airflow and a sharp drop in screening efficiency. To maintain production, frequent shutdowns are necessary to clean the filters manually by tapping or backflushing, which not only severely disrupts production continuity and significantly reduces efficiency but also increases manual operation and maintenance costs. Therefore, developing a high-efficiency screening system that can operate automatically and continuously with adaptive unclogging capabilities has become an urgent need to improve the overall efficiency and automation level of recycled aggregate production lines. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention addresses the problem that existing technical solutions are too simplistic and provides a solution that is significantly different from existing technologies. Specifically, the present invention mainly provides a high-efficiency cyclone screening system for subcritical recycled aggregate production to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: A high-efficiency cyclone screening system for subcritical recycled aggregate production includes a cyclone separation unit. The cyclone separation unit includes a cyclone chamber with a tangential air inlet and an air outlet and a discharge port respectively disposed at the upper and lower ends of the cyclone chamber. The air outlet of the cyclone separation unit is provided with a two-stage dynamic filtration unit. The secondary dynamic filtering unit includes: The air inlet pipe is connected to the air outlet of the cyclone separator unit; Air outlet; The differential pressure sensing mechanism includes a pressure sensing diaphragm disposed inside the outlet pipe, the displacement of which responds to changes in gas pressure. The filtration mechanism includes two rollers and an annular filter belt tensioned thereon; A speed regulating mechanism, connected to one of the aforementioned rollers, is used to drive and regulate the moving speed of the filter belt; The cleaning mechanism includes a rotating gear, a telescopic rod mounted on one side of the rotating gear, and a striking rod mounted on the other end of the telescopic rod, wherein a spring is provided inside the telescopic rod; Specifically, when the gas pressure changes, the speed regulating mechanism is synchronously driven to increase the speed of the annular filter belt, and the cleaning mechanism is driven to increase the striking force of the striking rod.

[0007] Preferably, a collection box is provided at the discharge port of the cyclone separator unit.

[0008] Preferably, each of the rollers is coaxially connected to a sprocket at both ends, and the corresponding sprockets are connected by a chain drive; the secondary dynamic filtration unit also includes an air exchange box, the inlet of which is connected to the air outlet pipe, and the two rollers are located inside the air exchange box.

[0009] Preferably, the differential pressure sensing mechanism further includes a floating rack connected to the pressure sensing diaphragm, a floating gear meshing with the floating rack, and a central rod coaxially connected to the floating gear; The central rod is connected to the speed regulating mechanism and the cleaning mechanism, and is used to transmit control signals.

[0010] Preferably, the speed regulating mechanism includes a gearbox, a drive motor disposed inside the gearbox, a diameter-changing assembly driven by the drive motor, and a follower wheel coaxially connected to one of the shaft rollers; The variable diameter assembly includes a wheel, and the side of the wheel away from the drive motor is provided with a plurality of radial grooves distributed around its axis. A movable block is slidably disposed in each groove, and the movable block is connected to an arc strip located on the outer side of the wheel. The wheel is connected to the follower wheel via the arc strip and a drive belt.

[0011] Preferably, each of the radial grooves is further rotatably provided with a drive screw, and the moving block is threadedly connected to the corresponding drive screw; A power bevel gear is rotatably mounted at the axis of the wheel, and the power bevel gear meshes with multiple driven bevel gears. Each driven bevel gear is coaxially connected to a drive screw.

[0012] Preferably, a limiting sleeve is provided on one side of the wheel, and a spiral groove is formed on the inner wall of the limiting sleeve, and a movable ball is slidably disposed in the groove; The limiting sleeve has a positioning rod coaxially connected to the power bevel gear at its internal center. A rotating block connected to the movable ball is slidably mounted on the positioning rod, and the rotating block can rotate with the positioning rod. One side of the rotating block is rotatably connected to a pressing rod, which is slidably mounted on a cam, so that the reciprocating rotation of the cam can drive the pressing rod to reciprocate within the limiting sleeve.

[0013] Preferably, the gearbox is further provided with a mounting sleeve, two movable guide wheels and four fixed guide wheels, and the mounting sleeve is located between the wheel disc and the follower wheel; The drive belt passes sequentially around the movable guide wheel and the fixed guide wheel; The mounting sleeve has two rotatably mounted follower screws with opposite thread directions on its two sides, and the two movable guide wheels are respectively threadedly connected to the corresponding follower screws through the threaded sleeves on their backs. One of the follower screws is connected to the central rod via a sprocket and chain mechanism.

[0014] Preferably, the cleaning mechanism further includes a hydraulic rod disposed on the air outlet pipe and a mounting frame installed on the air transfer box; The rotating gear is rotatably mounted on the mounting frame and meshes with a defective gear. The defective gear is coaxially connected to a shaft roller via a sprocket and chain mechanism. The hydraulic rod is connected to the floating rack via a connecting rod, and communicates with the hydraulic chamber of the telescopic rod via a hose.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) The present invention combines a two-stage dynamic filtration unit with a cyclone separation unit to form a highly efficient two-stage screening system. The first stage uses centrifugal force to achieve rapid separation and collection of coarse particles, and the second stage uses an annular filter belt to finely intercept fine dust, which significantly improves the overall dust separation efficiency and product recovery rate in the production of recycled aggregates and effectively reduces dust pollution.

[0016] (2) This invention achieves adaptive intelligent operation of the system through the pure mechanical linkage of the differential pressure sensing mechanism, speed regulation mechanism, and cleaning mechanism. When the system resistance increases due to dust accumulation on the filter belt, it can automatically and synchronously trigger the filter belt to move faster and the dust removal force to be enhanced, which fundamentally solves the problem of easy clogging of the fixed filter screen, ensures that the system can operate continuously and stably for a long time, reduces the frequency of downtime for cleaning, and greatly improves production efficiency.

[0017] (3) This invention features a unique variable diameter speed control mechanism and a hydraulically enhanced cleaning mechanism, which provide rapid response and precise adjustment. The variable diameter component achieves stepless and smooth adjustment of the filter belt speed by changing the effective radius of the wheel, while the cooperation between the hydraulic rod and the telescopic rod precisely amplifies the dust removal impact force. The entire linkage process does not require a complex external electrical control system, has a compact structure, reliable operation, and low maintenance costs, making it particularly suitable for harsh industrial environments such as recycled aggregate production sites.

[0018] The present invention will be explained in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the high-efficiency cyclone screening system of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cyclone separation unit system structure of the present invention; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 4 This is a side view of the speed regulating mechanism of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a partial side view of the speed regulating mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a partial side view of the wheel structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a front view of the wheel and follower wheel of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the wheel of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a partial structural diagram of the cleaning mechanism of the present invention. Attached Figure Description

[0020] 10. Cyclone separator unit; 101. Air inlet; 102. Cyclone chamber; 20. Differential pressure sensing mechanism; 201. Pressure sensing diaphragm; 202. Floating rack; 203. Floating gear; 204. Central rod; 30. Filtering mechanism; 301. Shaft roller; 302. Filter belt; 303. Air exchange box; 40. Speed ​​regulating mechanism; 401. Wheel; 402. Follower wheel; 403. Drive motor; 404. Cam; 405. Drive belt; 406. Moving block; 407. Arc strip; 408. Drive screw; 409. Power bevel gear; 410. Limit sleeve; 411. Moving ball; 412. Positioning rod; 413. Rotating block; 414. Pressing rod; 415. Mounting sleeve; 416. Moving guide wheel; 417. Fixed guide wheel; 418. Follower screw; 50. Cleaning mechanism; 501. Rotary gear; 502. Telescopic rod; 503. Striking rod; 504. Hydraulic rod; 505. Mounting frame; 506. Damaged gear. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, a more comprehensive description of the present invention will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate several embodiments of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described in the text. Rather, these embodiments are provided to make the disclosure of the present invention more thorough and complete.

[0022] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this document are for illustrative purposes only.

[0023] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly associated with those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein in the specification of this invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments and is not intended to limit the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. Example

[0024] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 A high-efficiency cyclone screening system for subcritical recycled aggregate production is disclosed. The cyclone separation unit 10 includes a cyclone chamber 102 with a tangential air inlet 101. In specific applications, an airflow carrying recycled aggregate dust from the upstream drying process enters the cyclone chamber 102 at a high speed through the tangential air inlet 101, creating a strong rotational motion. Under centrifugal force, most of the coarse recycled aggregate particles and some of the heavier dust are thrown against the chamber wall and slide down the conical lower part, eventually being discharged through the discharge port at the bottom and falling into the collection box 70 located below the discharge port, completing the primary separation.

[0025] The airflow after primary separation still contains a large amount of fine powder. This part of the airflow is discharged from the air outlet at the top of the cyclone separator 10 and enters the secondary dynamic filter unit 60 through the air inlet pipe 601.

[0026] The secondary dynamic filtration unit 60 is the core of this invention for achieving fine sieving. It includes an inlet pipe 601, an outlet pipe 602, a differential pressure sensing mechanism 20, a filtration mechanism 30, a speed regulating mechanism 40, and a cleaning mechanism 50. The filtration mechanism 30 includes two rollers 301 and an annular filter belt 302 tensioned thereon. When dust-laden gas enters, it impacts the annular filter belt 302, trapping fine powder, while clean gas penetrates the filter belt and is discharged through the outlet pipe 602. Example

[0027] Please refer to this carefully. Figure 3 and Figure 4 This embodiment details the working mechanism of the differential pressure sensing mechanism 20.

[0028] The differential pressure sensing mechanism 20 includes a pressure-sensing diaphragm 201 disposed inside the outlet pipe 602. When the dust adhering to the annular filter belt 302 increases, causing an increase in airflow resistance, the gas pressure inside the outlet pipe 602 will change accordingly (e.g., the negative pressure value increases). This pressure change will directly act on the pressure-sensing diaphragm 201, causing it to deform and displace.

[0029] The differential pressure sensing mechanism 20 also includes a floating rack 202 connected to the pressure sensing diaphragm 201, a floating gear 203 meshing with the floating rack 202, and a central rod 204 coaxially connected to the floating gear 203. The displacement of the pressure sensing diaphragm 201 pushes the floating rack 202 to move linearly, which in turn drives the floating gear 203 to rotate, thereby causing the central rod 204 to rotate. The rotational motion of the central rod 204 serves as a control signal, which is synchronously transmitted to the speed regulating mechanism 40 and the cleaning mechanism 50, thereby initiating the system's automatic adjustment and cleaning procedures. Example

[0030] Please combine Figures 5 to 7 This embodiment elaborates on how the speed regulating mechanism 40 responds to control signals and performs speed regulation.

[0031] The speed regulating mechanism 40 includes a gearbox and a drive motor 403, a diameter-changing assembly, and a follower wheel 402 disposed inside it. The follower wheel 402 is coaxially connected to a roller 301. The diameter-changing assembly includes a wheel 401 with multiple radial grooves on one side. A movable block 406 is slidably disposed in the groove, and an arc strip 407 is connected to the outer side of the movable block 406. The wheel 401 drives the follower wheel 402 to rotate through the arc strip 407 and the drive belt 405.

[0032] When the central rod 204 rotates, it drives the cam 404 on it to rotate synchronously. The contour of the cam 404 pushes the pressing rod 414 to produce axial displacement. The pressing rod 414 pushes the rotating block 413, causing the movable ball 411 connected to the rotating block 413 to slide in the spiral groove on the inner wall of the limiting sleeve 410. This movement forces the rotating block 413 and the positioning rod 412 to rotate. The positioning rod 412 drives the power bevel gear 409 to rotate, and the power bevel gear 409 drives all the driven bevel gears meshing with it to rotate, thereby driving each drive screw 408 to rotate. Since the movable block 406 is threadedly connected to the drive screw 408 and is restricted to radial movement only, the rotation of the drive screw 408 is ultimately converted into the synchronous outward radial movement of all movable blocks 406. The movable block 406 drives the arc strip 407 to move outward, which is equivalent to increasing the effective transmission radius of the wheel 401. With the drive motor 403 rotating at a constant speed, the linear speed of the wheel 401 increases, which in turn accelerates the follower wheel 402 and the shaft roller 301 via the drive belt 405, thereby increasing the moving speed of the annular filter belt 302 and quickly removing the dust accumulation area. Example

[0033] Please see Figure 8 and Figure 9 This embodiment details how the cleaning mechanism 50 works in conjunction with the system to enhance the dust removal effect.

[0034] The cleaning mechanism 50 includes a rotating gear 501, a telescopic rod 502 with a built-in spring, and a striking rod 503. The rotating gear 501 is driven by a shaft roller 301 through a sprocket chain and a broken gear 506, so that the striking rod 503 can perform a periodic striking action as the filter belt 302 moves.

[0035] When the differential pressure sensing mechanism 20 is activated, the rotation of the central rod 204 not only controls the speed regulating mechanism 40 but also acts on the cleaning mechanism 50. Specifically, the central rod 204 drives the hydraulic rod 504, which is mounted on the air outlet pipe 602, to move via a linkage mechanism (such as a connecting rod). The hydraulic rod 504 pressurizes hydraulic oil into the hydraulic chamber of the telescopic rod 502 through a hose, overcoming the resistance of the internal spring and extending the effective working length of the telescopic rod 502. This change shortens the static distance between the end of the striking rod 503 and the back of the annular filter belt 302 while maintaining the original swing amplitude, thus significantly increasing the force of each strike. At the same time, due to the increased movement speed of the annular filter belt 302, the striking frequency of the striking rod 503 per unit time also naturally increases. The dual increase in force and frequency ensures effective cleaning of the filter belt under high-speed operating conditions. Example

[0036] This embodiment comprehensively describes the workflow and final effect of the entire system. After the system starts, the annular filter belt 302 operates at a low and stable speed under the drive of the speed regulating mechanism 40, performing continuous fine filtration. When the filter belt resistance increases due to dust accumulation, the differential pressure sensing mechanism 20 keenly detects this change and synchronously transmits the signal to the speed regulating mechanism 40 and the cleaning mechanism 50 through the central rod 204.

[0037] The speed control mechanism 40 responds to the signal and automatically and smoothly increases the moving speed of the annular filter belt 302, quickly removing the severely clogged section from the working area. At the same time, the tapping rod 503 of the cleaning mechanism 50 increases the tapping force and frequency, powerfully and efficiently cleaning the moving filter belt, and collecting and processing the shaken-off dust.

[0038] This series of coordinated operations is automatic and continuous until the filter belt resistance returns to normal levels, at which point all mechanisms of the system return to their initial equilibrium state. Through this ingenious mechanical linkage design, this invention achieves efficient, continuous, and adaptive screening and collection of fine dust during recycled aggregate production, eliminating the need for complex electrical control systems. It effectively solves the industry problems of traditional equipment being prone to clogging and requiring frequent shutdowns for cleaning, significantly improving production efficiency and environmental benefits.

[0039] The present invention has been described by way of example in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the specific implementation of the present invention is not limited to the above-described manner. Any non-substantial improvement made by adopting the inventive concept and technical solution of the present invention, or the direct application of the inventive concept and technical solution of the present invention to other occasions without modification, shall be within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency cyclone screening system for subcritical recycled aggregate production, comprising a cyclone separation unit (10), characterized in that: The cyclone separation unit (10) includes a cyclone chamber (102) with a tangential air inlet (101) and an air outlet and a discharge port respectively provided at the upper and lower ends of the cyclone chamber (102). The air outlet of the cyclone separation unit (10) is provided with a two-stage dynamic filtration unit. The secondary dynamic filtering unit includes: The air inlet pipe (601) is connected to the air outlet (104) of the cyclone separator unit (10); Air outlet pipe (602); The differential pressure sensing mechanism (20) includes a pressure sensing diaphragm (201) disposed inside the gas outlet pipe (602), the displacement of which responds to changes in gas pressure; The filtration mechanism (30) includes two rollers (301) and an annular filter belt (302) tensioned thereon. A speed regulating mechanism (40), connected to one of the rollers (301), is used to drive and regulate the moving speed of the filter belt (302); The cleaning mechanism (50) includes a rotating gear (501), a telescopic rod (502) installed on one side of the rotating gear (501), and a striking rod (503) installed on the other end of the telescopic rod (502), wherein a spring is provided inside the telescopic rod (502). When the gas pressure changes, the speed regulating mechanism (40) is driven synchronously to increase the speed of the annular filter belt (302), and the cleaning mechanism (50) is driven to increase the striking force of the striking rod (503).

2. The high-efficiency cyclone screening system for subcritical recycled aggregate production according to claim 1, characterized in that: A collection box (70) is provided at the discharge port of the cyclone separation unit (10).

3. The high-efficiency cyclone screening system for subcritical recycled aggregate production according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the rollers (301) is coaxially connected to a sprocket at both ends, and the corresponding sprockets are connected by a chain drive; the secondary dynamic filtration unit (60) also includes a gas chamber (303), the inlet of which is connected to the outlet pipe (602), and the two rollers (301) are located inside the gas chamber (303).

4. The high-efficiency cyclone screening system for subcritical recycled aggregate production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The differential pressure sensing mechanism (20) further includes a floating rack (202) connected to the pressure sensing diaphragm (201), a floating gear (203) meshing with the floating rack (202), and a central rod (204) coaxially connected to the floating gear (203). The central rod (204) is connected to the speed regulating mechanism (40) and the cleaning mechanism (50) and is used to transmit control signals.

5. The high-efficiency cyclone screening system for subcritical recycled aggregate production according to claim 4, characterized in that: The speed regulating mechanism (40) includes a gearbox, a drive motor (403) disposed inside the gearbox, a variable diameter assembly driven by the drive motor (403), and a follower wheel (402) coaxially connected to a shaft roller (301). The variable diameter assembly includes a wheel (401), and the wheel (401) has a plurality of radial grooves distributed around its axis on the side away from the drive motor (403). A movable block (406) is slidably disposed in each groove, and the movable block (406) is connected to an arc strip (407) located on the outside of the wheel (401). The wheel (401) is connected to the follower wheel (402) via the arc strip (407) and the drive belt (405).

6. The high-efficiency cyclone screening system for subcritical recycled aggregate production according to claim 5, characterized in that: Each of the radial grooves is also rotatably provided with a drive screw (408), and the moving block (406) is threadedly connected to the corresponding drive screw (408); A power bevel gear (409) is rotatably mounted at the axis of the wheel (401). The power bevel gear (409) meshes with a plurality of driven bevel gears, and each driven bevel gear is coaxially connected to a drive screw (408).

7. The high-efficiency cyclone screening system for subcritical recycled aggregate production according to claim 6, characterized in that: A limiting sleeve (410) is provided on one side of the wheel (401), and a spiral groove is provided on the inner wall of the limiting sleeve (410), and a movable ball (411) is slidably arranged in the groove. The center of the limiting sleeve (410) is provided with a positioning rod (412) coaxially connected to the power bevel gear (409). A rotating block (413) connected to the moving ball (411) is slidably mounted on the positioning rod (412). The rotating block (413) can rotate with the positioning rod (412). One side of the rotating block (413) is rotatably connected to a pressing rod (414), which is slidably mounted on a cam (404) so ​​that the reciprocating rotation of the cam (404) can drive the pressing rod (414) to reciprocate within the limiting sleeve (410).

8. The high-efficiency cyclone screening system for subcritical recycled aggregate production according to claim 5, characterized in that: The gearbox is also provided with a mounting sleeve (415), two movable guide wheels (416) and four fixed guide wheels (417), and the mounting sleeve (415) is located between the wheel disc (401) and the follower wheel (402); The drive belt (405) passes sequentially around the movable guide wheel (416) and the fixed guide wheel (417). The mounting sleeve (415) has two rotatably mounted follower screws (418) with opposite thread directions on its two sides. The two movable guide wheels (416) are respectively threadedly connected to the corresponding follower screws (418) through the threaded sleeves on their backs. One of the follower screws (418) is connected to the central rod (204) via a sprocket and chain mechanism.

9. The high-efficiency cyclone screening system for subcritical recycled aggregate production according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cleaning mechanism (50) also includes a hydraulic rod (504) disposed on the air outlet pipe (602) and a mounting frame (505) installed on the air transfer box (303); The rotating gear (501) is rotatably mounted on the mounting frame (505) and meshes with a broken gear (506). The broken gear (506) is coaxially connected to a shaft roller (301) through a sprocket and chain mechanism. The hydraulic rod (504) is connected to the floating rack (202) via a connecting rod, and is connected to the hydraulic chamber of the telescopic rod (502) via a hose.

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