Method for controlling welding deformation of X frame of excavator

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for controlling welding deformation of an X frame of an excavator, and belongs to the technical field of welding.The method comprises the steps that an X frame body and a dozer blade lug plate assembly are welded, specifically, when the X frame body is welded, a vertical welding seam between a cylinder and a vertical plate is welded firstly, and then the vertical welding seam between the cylinder and the vertical plate is welded; then the fillet weld between the vertical plate and the top plate and the fillet weld between the vertical plate and the bottom plate are symmetrically welded to form an integral frame, then the circumferential weld between the cylinder and the bottom plate is welded, and then backing welding is conducted on the circumferential weld between the cylinder and the top plate; and after bottoming welding of the outer side circumferential weld of the seat ring and the top plate and overall welding of the inner side circumferential weld are completed, cosmetic welding is conducted on the outer side circumferential weld of the seat ring and the top plate, and finally cosmetic welding is conducted on the circumferential weld between the cylinder and the top plate. The novel process combining reversible deformation, rigid fixation and welding sequence optimization is adopted, and the welding deformation degree of the X frame is obviously reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a method for controlling welding deformation of the X-frame of an excavator, belonging to the field of welding technology. Background Technology

[0002] The X-frame is the main load-bearing component of the excavator, such as Figure 1 As shown, the system includes a seat ring 1, a top plate 2, a vertical plate 3, a bottom plate 4, a cylinder 5, a bulldozer blade ear plate assembly 6, and a front bending plate 7. The flatness of the seat ring 1 directly affects the excavator's rotational stability and is generally required to be high. The torsion of the four outriggers of the X-frame (represented by the difference in distance between the front and rear edges of the outrigger top plate 2 and the upper surface of the seat ring) affects the distance between the front and rear edges of the top plate and the upper edges of the longitudinal beam guide seat and the drive seat vertical plate. The weld leg size of the fillet weld cannot be guaranteed, and the torsion is generally required to be no more than 3mm. The spacing of the bulldozer blade ear plate assembly 6 affects the cylinder assembly clearance and thus the assembly reliability. The spacing difference between the upper and lower front and rear measuring points of the ear plate hinge hole is generally required to be no more than 1mm.

[0003] The excavator X-frame consists of two parts: the X-frame main body and the bulldozer blade cylinder lugs. Currently, the welding sequence for the excavator X-frame main body is as follows: ① After assembly, with the seat ring facing upwards, weld the vertical weld between the cylinder and the vertical plate, from bottom to top; ② Weld the inner corner weld between the seat ring and the top plate, clockwise (viewed from the seat ring towards the bottom plate, the same applies below); ③ Weld the outer corner weld between the seat ring and the top plate, clockwise; ④ Weld the corner weld between the vertical plate and the top plate, the overall sequence being back-left-front-right, with the welding direction counter-clockwise; ⑤ Weld the corner weld between the vertical plate and the bottom plate, the overall sequence being back-left-front-right, with the welding direction clockwise; ⑥ Weld the weld between the cylinder and the bottom plate, clockwise; ⑦ Weld the weld between the cylinder and the top plate, counter-clockwise. Welding sequence of bulldozer blade ear plate assembly and main body weld: ① Assemble the bulldozer blade ear plate assembly and add two process tie rods; ② Weld the ear plate assembly to the inner side of the upright plate weld; ③ Assemble the front bending plate; ④ Rotate the workpiece clockwise and weld the top-right-bottom-left side welds in sequence.

[0004] The above welding method has the following disadvantages: ① The flatness of the X-frame seat ring is unqualified at a high rate after welding, which leads to frequent abnormal noise problems during assembly and debugging; ② The four legs of the X-frame are twisted at a large degree after welding, the distance between the front and rear edges of the top plate and the upper edge of the longitudinal beam guide seat and drive seat upright plate is too small, and the weld leg size of the fillet weld is insufficient. It is necessary to manually build up the height of the upright plate end face, which reduces the riveting and welding efficiency and is prone to undercut defects; ③ The spacing dimension of the bulldozer blade ear plate assembly 6 is out of tolerance after welding, and a large flared gap appears when the bulldozer blade is assembled. Flame straightening or grinding is required, which seriously affects production efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a method for controlling the welding deformation of the excavator X-frame. A new process combining anti-deformation, rigid fixing, and optimized welding sequence is adopted to significantly reduce the degree of X-frame welding deformation.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented using the following technical solution:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for controlling welding deformation of an excavator X-frame, the X-frame comprising a seat ring, a top plate, a vertical plate, a bottom plate, a cylinder, a dozer blade lug assembly, and a front bending plate, the method comprising welding the X-frame body and the dozer blade lug assembly respectively, wherein:

[0008] When welding the main body of the X-frame, first weld the vertical weld between the cylinder and the vertical plate, then symmetrically weld the fillet weld between the vertical plate and the top plate and the fillet weld between the vertical plate and the bottom plate to form an integral frame, then weld the circumferential weld between the cylinder and the bottom plate, then perform a root pass welding on the circumferential weld between the cylinder and the top plate, then after completing the root pass welding of the outer circumferential weld between the seat ring and the top plate and the overall welding of the inner circumferential weld, perform a cover pass welding on the outer circumferential weld between the seat ring and the top plate, and finally perform a cover pass welding on the circumferential weld between the cylinder and the top plate.

[0009] When welding the bulldozer blade ear plate assembly, first assemble it with the X-frame body and weld the left and right outer welds. Then, use the inner side tensioning device to apply reverse deformation to the ear plate assembly to the outside. In this state, weld the ear plate assembly to the top plate, bottom plate and the inner side of the vertical plate in sequence. Then assemble the front curved plate and weld its welds to the bottom plate and top plate. Finally, weld the ear plate assembly to the front curved plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the fillet welds between the symmetrically welded vertical plates and the top plate are welded in the order of right-left-back-front, and in the direction of counterclockwise.

[0011] Furthermore, when symmetrically welding the fillet welds between the upright plate and the base plate, the welding sequence is right-left-back-front, and the welding direction is clockwise.

[0012] Furthermore, the circumferential weld between the welding cylinder and the bottom plate, as well as the root pass and cover pass of the circumferential weld between the seat ring and the outer side of the top plate, are all welded in a clockwise direction.

[0013] Furthermore, the circumferential weld between the cylinder and the top plate is subjected to both root pass and cover pass welding, both performed in a counterclockwise direction.

[0014] Furthermore, the inner side tensioning device applies a counter-deformation to the ear plate assembly outward, with a counter-deformation amount of 2mm.

[0015] Furthermore, no process tie rods are added when welding the bulldozer blade ear plate assembly to the left and right outer welds of the X-frame body.

[0016] Furthermore, when welding the vertical weld between the cylinder and the vertical plate, a welding direction from bottom to top is adopted, and welding is performed in the order of left-back-right-front.

[0017] Furthermore, the integral welding of the seat ring to the inner circumferential weld of the top plate and the root pass welding of the seat ring to the outer circumferential weld of the top plate are completed continuously in the same welding process.

[0018] Secondly, the present invention provides an excavator X-frame, which is manufactured using the method for controlling the welding deformation of the excavator X-frame described in any of the preceding claims.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are as follows:

[0020] (1) The application of this invention significantly improves the pass rate of flatness of the X-frame after welding and eliminates the problem of abnormal noise during assembly and debugging.

[0021] (2) The application of this invention reduces the twist of the four legs of the X-frame by 80% after welding, and ensures the space size of the fillet weld between the front and rear edges of the top plate and the longitudinal beam guide seat and the drive seat upright plate. It avoids manual welding to raise the end face of the upright plate, improves the riveting efficiency, and reduces the risk of undercut defects.

[0022] (3) The application of this invention increases the pass rate of the spacing dimension of the bulldozer blade ear plate assembly after welding by 90%, avoids flame straightening or grinding treatment, and improves production efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the X-frame structure provided in the background art of this invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the vertical weld between the cylinder and the vertical plate provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the fillet weld between the vertical plate and the top plate provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the fillet weld between the upright plate and the base plate provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the weld between the cylinder and the base plate provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the weld between the cylinder and the top plate provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the weld between the seat ring and the top plate provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the welding between the seat ring and the outer side cover of the top plate, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the weld seams on the left and right outer sides of the ear plate assembly and the X-frame body provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the outward deformation of the ear plate assembly and its weld to the top plate provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the weld between the ear plate assembly and the base plate provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the weld seam between the ear plate assembly and the inner side of the upright plate provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the front bending plate, the bottom plate, and the top weld provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the weld between the ear plate assembly and the front bending plate provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] In the diagram: 1. Seat ring; 2. Top plate; 3. Vertical plate; 4. Bottom plate; 5. Cylinder; 6. Bulldozer blade ear plate assembly; 7. Front bending plate; 8. Inner side bracing device. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] Example 1: This example describes a method for controlling the welding deformation of an excavator X-frame. The X-frame includes a seat ring 1, a top plate 2, a vertical plate 3, a bottom plate 4, a cylinder 5, a bulldozer blade lug assembly 6, and a front bending plate 7. The method includes welding the X-frame body and the bulldozer blade lug assembly 6 respectively, wherein:

[0040] When welding the main body of the X-frame, first weld the vertical weld between the cylinder 5 and the vertical plate 3, then symmetrically weld the fillet weld between the vertical plate 3 and the top plate 2 and the fillet weld between the vertical plate 3 and the bottom plate 4 to form an integral frame, then weld the circumferential weld between the cylinder 5 and the bottom plate 4, then perform a root pass welding on the circumferential weld between the cylinder 5 and the top plate 2, then after completing the root pass welding of the outer circumferential weld between the seat ring 1 and the top plate 2 and the overall welding of the inner circumferential weld, perform a cover pass welding on the outer circumferential weld between the seat ring 1 and the top plate 2, and finally perform a cover pass welding on the circumferential weld between the cylinder 5 and the top plate 2.

[0041] When welding the bulldozer blade ear plate assembly 6, first assemble it with the X-frame body and weld the left and right outer welds. Then, use the inner side tensioning device to apply reverse deformation to the ear plate assembly to the outside. In this state, weld the ear plate assembly to the top plate 2, bottom plate 4 and the inner side of the vertical plate 3 in sequence. Then assemble the front curved plate 7 and weld its welds to the bottom plate 4 and top plate 2. Finally, weld the ear plate assembly to the front curved plate 7.

[0042] The method for controlling welding deformation of the excavator X-frame provided in this embodiment involves the following steps in its application:

[0043] (1) Welding sequence of the X-frame main body;

[0044] ①For example Figure 2 As shown, after the assembly is completed, with the seat ring 1 facing upwards, the vertical weld between the welding cylinder 5 and the upright plate 3 is made. There are a total of 8 welds, from the bottom to the top, in the order of left-back-right-front.

[0045] ②For example Figure 3 As shown, the fillet welds of the welding upright plate 3 and the top plate 2 are symmetrically welded, with the welding sequence being right-left-back-front and the welding direction being counterclockwise (viewed from the seat ring to the bottom plate, the same below);

[0046] ③ For example Figure 4 As shown, the corner welds of the welding upright plate 3 and the base plate 4 are symmetrically welded in the order of right-left-back-front, and the welding direction is clockwise.

[0047] ④ For example Figure 5 As shown, the welded cylinder 5 and the base plate 4 form a circumferential weld, which is welded clockwise;

[0048] ⑤ For example Figure 6 As shown, the bottom welding cylinder 5 and the top plate 2 are welded together in a counterclockwise direction.

[0049] ⑥ For example Figure 7 As shown, the outer circumferential weld of the seat ring 1 and the top plate 2 are used as the base weld, and the inner circumferential weld is welded as a whole, and the welding is clockwise.

[0050] ⑦ For example Figure 8 As shown, the seat ring 1 is welded to the outer circumferential weld cover of the top plate 2 in a clockwise direction;

[0051] ⑧ For example Figure 6 As shown, the cover plate welded cylinder 5 and top plate 2 have a circumferential weld, which is welded counterclockwise.

[0052] (2) Welding sequence of bulldozer blade ear plate assembly and main body weld;

[0053] ①For example Figure 9 As shown, the bulldozer blade ear plate assembly 6 is joined to the X-frame main body, and the welded ear plate assembly 6 is joined to the left and right outer sides of the X-frame main body.

[0054] ②For example Figure 10 As shown, the ear plate assembly 6 is deformed outward by 2mm using the inner side tensioning device 8, and the ear plate assembly 6 is welded to the top plate 2.

[0055] ③ For example Figure 11 Weld the ear plate assembly 6 to the base plate 4;

[0056] ④ For example Figure 12 Weld the inner weld between the ear plate assembly 6 and the upright plate 3;

[0057] ⑤ For example Figure 13 Attach the front curved plate 7, and weld the front curved plate 7 to the bottom plate 4 and the top plate 2.

[0058] ⑥ For example Figure 14 Weld the left and right welds of the ear plate assembly 6 and the front curved plate 7.

[0059] This embodiment significantly improves the flatness pass rate of the X-frame after welding, eliminating the problem of abnormal noise during assembly and debugging; this embodiment reduces the torsion of the four legs of the X-frame by 80% after welding, and ensures the space dimensions of the corner welds between the front and rear edges of the top plate 2 and the longitudinal beam guide seat and drive seat upright plate 3, avoiding manual overlay welding to raise the end face of the upright plate 3, improving riveting efficiency while reducing the risk of undercut defects; this embodiment improves the pass rate of the spacing dimension of the bulldozer blade ear plate assembly 6 after welding by 90%, avoiding flame straightening or grinding, and improving production efficiency.

[0060] In this embodiment, the welds between the upright plate 3 and the top plate 2 and the bottom plate 4 are welded first to connect the various blank parts into a whole, thereby improving the structural rigidity. Then, the welds between the seat ring 1 and the top plate 2, and the welds between the cylinder 5 and the top plate 2 and the bottom plate 4 are welded to reduce the twisting of the X-frame after welding. In this embodiment, the welds between the upright plate 3 and the top plate 2 and the bottom plate 4 are symmetrically welded to improve the consistency of the welding deformation of the seat ring 1 and ensure the flatness after welding. In this embodiment, when welding the bulldozer blade ear plate assembly 6 to the left and right outer welds of the X-frame body, no tie rods are added. After welding, the inner side tensioning device 8 is used to perform outward reverse deformation before welding the inner side welds of the ear plate assembly to ensure that the ear plate spacing is qualified after welding.

[0061] Example 2: This example provides an excavator X-frame, which is manufactured using the method for controlling the welding deformation of the excavator X-frame as described in any one of Examples 1.

[0062] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for controlling welding deformation of an excavator X-frame, the X-frame comprising a seat ring, top plate, vertical plate, bottom plate, cylinder, dozer blade ear plate assembly, and front bending plate, characterized in that, The method includes welding the X-frame body and the bulldozer blade lug assembly separately, wherein: When welding the main body of the X-frame, first weld the vertical weld between the cylinder and the vertical plate, then symmetrically weld the fillet weld between the vertical plate and the top plate and the fillet weld between the vertical plate and the bottom plate to form an integral frame, then weld the circumferential weld between the cylinder and the bottom plate, then perform a root pass welding on the circumferential weld between the cylinder and the top plate, then after completing the root pass welding of the outer circumferential weld between the seat ring and the top plate and the overall welding of the inner circumferential weld, perform a cover pass welding on the outer circumferential weld between the seat ring and the top plate, and finally perform a cover pass welding on the circumferential weld between the cylinder and the top plate. When welding the bulldozer blade ear plate assembly, first assemble it with the X-frame body and weld the left and right outer welds. Then, use the inner side tensioning device to apply reverse deformation to the ear plate assembly to the outside. In this state, weld the ear plate assembly to the top plate, bottom plate and the inner side of the vertical plate in sequence. Then assemble the front curved plate and weld its welds to the bottom plate and top plate. Finally, weld the ear plate assembly to the front curved plate.

2. The method for controlling the welding deformation of the excavator X-frame according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fillet welds between the symmetrically welded vertical plates and the top plate are welded in the order of right-left-back-front, and in the direction of counterclockwise.

3. The method for controlling the welding deformation of the excavator X-frame according to claim 1, characterized in that, When symmetrically welding the fillet weld between the upright plate and the base plate, the welding sequence is right-left-back-front, and the welding direction is clockwise.

4. The method for controlling the welding deformation of the excavator X-frame according to claim 1, characterized in that, The circumferential weld between the welding cylinder and the bottom plate, as well as the root pass and cover pass of the circumferential weld between the seat ring and the outer side of the top plate, are all welded in a clockwise direction.

5. The method for controlling the welding deformation of the excavator X-frame according to claim 1, characterized in that, The circumferential weld between the cylinder and the top plate is subjected to both root pass and cover pass welding, both performed in a counter-clockwise direction.

6. The method for controlling the welding deformation of the excavator X-frame according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner side tensioning device is used to apply a counter-deformation to the ear plate assembly outward, and the counter-deformation amount is 2mm.

7. The method for controlling the welding deformation of the excavator X-frame according to claim 1, characterized in that, When welding the bulldozer blade ear plate assembly to the left and right outer welds of the X-frame body, no process tie rods are added.

8. The method for controlling the welding deformation of the excavator X-frame according to claim 1, characterized in that, When welding the vertical seam between the cylinder and the vertical plate, the welding direction is from bottom to top, and the welding is carried out in the order of left-back-right-front.

9. The method for controlling the welding deformation of the excavator X-frame according to claim 1, characterized in that, The integral welding of the seat ring to the inner circumferential weld of the top plate and the root pass welding of the seat ring to the outer circumferential weld of the top plate are completed continuously in the same welding process.

10. An excavator X-frame, characterized in that, It is manufactured using the method for controlling the welding deformation of the excavator X-frame as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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