Method, device and apparatus for controlling smokeless coal loading

Abstract

The application discloses a control method, device and equipment for smokeless coal charging, and relates to the field of smokeless coal charging; control parameters of multiple screw feeders are acquired; the step of "controlling the current sequence position screw feeder to charge coal according to a preset starting sequence and a preset bottom coal frequency control; stopping the current position screw feeder when the weight of the charged coal reaches a preset bottom coal weight threshold, and starting the next sequence position screw feeder according to the preset starting sequence" is repeatedly executed until all the screw feeders complete bottom coal charging; after all the screw feeders complete bottom coal charging, the multiple screw feeders are controlled to operate at a preset medium speed frequency according to a preset grouping strategy; when the accumulated weight of the coal charged by the currently operating screw feeder reaches a preset high speed switching weight threshold, the operating frequency of the currently operating screw feeder is switched to a preset high speed frequency operation until all the screw feeders complete coal charging; the application can reduce the pressure in the carbonization chamber during coal charging, avoid the opening of the riser cover due to excessive pressure, and avoid environmental accidents.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of smokeless coal charging technology, and specifically relates to a control method, device and equipment for smokeless coal charging. Background Technology

[0002] In coking operations, the top-charging coke oven is one of the core pieces of equipment in coking production, and the environmental friendliness and stability of its coal charging process directly affect production compliance. Currently, top-charging coke ovens are generally equipped with a carbonization chamber pressure stabilization system, which typically adopts a technical approach of optimized control of gas collecting pipe pressure, high-pressure ammonia injection combined with automatic adjustment of carbonization chamber pressure, in order to achieve the goal of smokeless coal charging.

[0003] In existing technologies, a preheating process is required before coal charging to ensure suitable gas flow in the relevant pipelines (the preheating process burns away graphite impurities caked on the inner wall of the riser pipe, allowing the gas flow to be unobstructed). During coal charging, the screw feeder is started to deliver the coal into the coke oven carbonization chamber, completing the charging operation. However, in the current coal charging process, the starting method, operating frequency, and coal feeding rhythm of the screw feeder lack reasonable control, which can easily lead to a sharp increase in pressure in the pipelines during coal charging. This can cause the riser pipe cover to open, resulting in fugitive emissions of flue gas. This not only violates environmental protection requirements but also increases the environmental risks and subsequent treatment costs of on-site operations, failing to meet the current environmental protection and stability requirements of coking production. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a smokeless coal charging control method, apparatus, and equipment that can reduce the pressure in the carbonization chamber during coal charging, prevent excessive pressure from causing the riser pipe cover to open, and avoid environmental accidents.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a smokeless coal charging control method applied to a top-charging coke oven, wherein the top-charging coke oven includes multiple screw feeders, a carbonization chamber, and a coal hopper scale, and the multiple screw feeders are divided into multiple groups; the method includes:

[0006] The control parameters of multiple screw feeders are obtained; wherein, the control parameters include a preset start-up sequence, a preset bottom coal frequency, and a preset bottom coal weight threshold determined based on the weight data of the coal hopper scale;

[0007] Repeat steps (1)-(3) until all screw feeders have finished feeding the bottom coal:

[0008] (1) Control the current sequence screw feeder to feed coal according to the preset start-up sequence and the preset bottom coal frequency;

[0009] (2) Obtain the coal feed weight of the screw feeder in the current sequence;

[0010] (3) When the weight of coal fed by the current sequence screw feeder reaches the preset bottom coal weight threshold, the current sequence screw feeder stops running, and after a preset start interval, the next sequence screw feeder after the current sequence screw feeder starts according to the preset start sequence.

[0011] After all the screw feeders have completed the bottom coal feeding operation, the screw feeders in each group are started sequentially according to the preset grouping strategy and run at a preset medium speed frequency; the starting interval between adjacent groups is a preset inter-group interval time.

[0012] The cumulative coal feeding weight of each screw feeder is obtained. When the cumulative coal feeding weight of the currently running screw feeder reaches the preset high-speed switching weight threshold, the operating frequency of the currently running screw feeder is switched to the preset high-speed frequency until all screw feeders have completed coal loading.

[0013] In one possible implementation, before acquiring the control parameters of the multiple screw feeders, the method further includes:

[0014] Initiate high-pressure ammonia injection and collect the pressure in the carbonization chamber during coal loading;

[0015] The operating frequency of the screw feeder is adjusted according to the pressure in the carbonization chamber to control the pressure in the carbonization chamber within a preset pressure range.

[0016] In one possible implementation, after obtaining the cumulative coal feeding weight of each screw feeder, and switching the operating frequency of the currently operating screw feeder to a preset high-speed switching weight threshold, the method further includes:

[0017] Obtain the actual operating frequency of each screw feeder after switching to the preset high-speed frequency;

[0018] The frequency deviation value is determined based on the actual operating frequency of each screw feeder after switching to the preset high-speed frequency and the preset high-speed frequency;

[0019] If the frequency deviation value exceeds the preset deviation range, the screw feeder with the frequency deviation value exceeding the preset deviation range is controlled to perform frequency calibration until the actual operating frequency reaches the preset high-speed frequency.

[0020] In one possible implementation, the preset bottom coal frequency is no greater than 10Hz.

[0021] In one possible implementation, the preset bottom coal weight threshold is no greater than 1000 kg.

[0022] In one possible implementation, the preset start-up interval is 2 to 8 seconds.

[0023] In one possible implementation, the preset medium-speed frequency is 25Hz~35Hz, and the preset high-speed frequency is 45Hz~55Hz.

[0024] Secondly, the present invention provides a smokeless coal charging control device that can reduce the pressure in the carbonization chamber during coal charging, prevent excessive pressure from causing the riser pipe cover to open, and avoid environmental accidents; the smokeless coal charging control device includes:

[0025] The coal loading preparation module is used to acquire control parameters of multiple screw feeders; wherein, the control parameters include a preset start-up sequence, a preset bottom coal frequency, and a preset bottom coal weight threshold determined based on the weight data of the coal hopper scale;

[0026] The bottom coal feeding module is used to repeatedly execute the following start-up module, coal feeding weight module, and replacement module until all screw feeders have completed bottom coal feeding;

[0027] The startup module is used to control the coal feeding of the screw feeder in the current sequence according to the preset startup sequence and the preset bottom coal frequency.

[0028] The coal feeding weight module is used to obtain the coal feeding weight of the screw feeder in the current sequence.

[0029] The replacement module is used to stop the operation of the current sequence screw feeder when the coal weight of the current sequence screw feeder reaches the preset bottom coal weight threshold, and after a preset start interval, start the next sequence screw feeder after the current sequence screw feeder in the preset start sequence.

[0030] The medium-speed coal loading module is used to start the screw feeders in each group sequentially at a preset medium-speed frequency after all screw feeders have completed the bottom coal feeding operation, according to a preset grouping strategy; wherein the starting interval between adjacent groups is a preset inter-group interval time.

[0031] The high-speed coal loading module is used to obtain the cumulative coal weight of each screw feeder. When the cumulative coal weight of the currently running screw feeder reaches the preset high-speed switching weight threshold, the operating frequency of the currently running screw feeder is switched to the preset high-speed frequency until all screw feeders have completed coal loading.

[0032] Thirdly, the present invention provides an electronic device including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the method described in any of the foregoing embodiments.

[0033] Fourthly, the present invention provides a computer-readable medium having processor-executable non-volatile program code, the program code causing the processor to perform the method described in any of the foregoing embodiments.

[0034] The beneficial effects of the technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present invention are as follows: The smokeless coal charging control method, device, and equipment of the embodiments of the present invention, by acquiring control parameters including preset start sequence, bottom coal frequency, and bottom coal weight threshold, and repeatedly executing the cyclic steps of controlling the current sequence feeder to feed coal, acquiring the weight, stopping after reaching the threshold, and starting the next sequence feeder after a certain interval, realizes the sequential and intermittent bottom coal charging of multiple feeders. This effectively smooths the peak and valley of the instantaneous coal feeding volume and the raw coal gas generated in the initial stage of coal charging in the time dimension, thereby effectively avoiding the instantaneous burst of gas production caused by the simultaneous start of multiple feeders, and preventing the pressure in the carbonization chamber and bridge pipe from rising due to this. The initial small-volume coal loading helps form a stable coarse gas channel, effectively avoiding pressure concentration. Furthermore, after all feeders have finished feeding the bottom coal, each group is started sequentially at a medium speed with intervals between groups according to a pre-set strategy. This again avoids the huge gas load caused by all feeders running at full speed simultaneously during the main coal loading stage, ensuring a steady increase in gas production and maintaining stable system pressure. As the coal loading continues to increase, the furnace wall temperature decreases, the gas production gradually decreases and tends to stabilize, and the bottom coal in the carbonization chamber begins to form a protective layer, reducing direct contact between the newly fed coal and the furnace wall, further ensuring the stability of gas production and maintaining stable pressure. Later, when the coal is heated to a certain temperature, the side chains break down, generating a large amount of liquid, high-boiling-point tar vapor, and solid particles, forming a multi-decomposition colloidal body and colloidal system. At this point, the coal has entered the colloidal stage, and the amount of gas produced is relatively reduced. This invention does not operate at a fixed frequency, but rather acquires the cumulative coal weight fed by each feeder in real time and independently switches to high-speed operation only when it reaches the high-speed switching threshold. This ensures precise control of the coal feeding process. Each feeder enters high-speed mode according to its own task completion progress, thus ensuring overall coal loading efficiency while preventing a sudden surge in the total system load at any given moment. Ultimately, this ensures that the carbonization chamber pressure is consistently controlled within a safe range throughout the entire coal loading process, completely eliminating environmental accidents caused by pressure peaks exceeding +500Pa, which could lead to the opening of the riser cover and the resulting unorganized emissions of flue gas. This invention can reduce the carbonization chamber pressure during coal loading, preventing excessive pressure from causing the riser cover to open and avoiding environmental accidents. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 A schematic flowchart of the smokeless coal charging control method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a top-loading coke oven provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure change in the bridge pipe during coal loading, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the system principle of the smokeless coal charging control device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the system principle of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] In the diagram: 1-Ascension pipe cover; 2-Carbonization chamber; 3-Bridge pipe; 4-Ammonia water nozzle; 5-Water seal cover; 6-Ascension pipe; 41-Coal loading preparation module; 42-Bottom coal loading module; 421-Start-up module; 422-Bottom coal loading weight module; 423-Replacement module; 43-Medium-speed coal loading module; 44-High-speed coal loading module; 1000-Electronic equipment; 1001-Communication interface; 1002-Processor; 1003-Memory; 1004-Bus. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0042] The existing coking plants are equipped with top-charging coke ovens, including a carbonization chamber pressure stabilization system (CPS-NG). During routine coal charging, a technical approach is used to achieve smokeless coal charging: optimized control of the gas collecting pipe pressure, high-pressure ammonia injection, and automatic adjustment of the carbonization chamber pressure. Three furnace numbers are preheated before charging (because during the charging process, some impurities (graphite) caking on the inner wall of the riser pipe reduces the gas passage). During preheating, the pressure inside the bridge pipe is approximately +50 Pa. When charging, the operator opens the high-pressure ammonia valve, and the pressure inside the bridge pipe reaches approximately -400 Pa. At this time, the coal in each coal hopper of the coal charging car enters the coke oven carbonization chamber through the activation of four screw feeders. The total weight of the coal is about 46 tons, and the coal feeding time is about 30 seconds. Since the coal is fed into the furnace hole at medium speed simultaneously by four screw feeders at a frequency of 30 Hz, after the coal weight of each screw feeder (judged according to the coal hopper scale) reaches the preset value, it starts to feed coal at high speed at a frequency of 50 Hz. This process can easily cause the bridge pipe pressure to be too high, greater than +500 Pa, which will cause the riser pipe cover to open and the flue gas to be emitted without organization, resulting in an environmental accident.

[0043] Based on this, the present invention proposes a control method, device, and equipment for smokeless coal charging, specifically addressing the problem of excessive pressure during coal charging, opening of the riser cover, and unorganized emission of flue gas in a top-charging coke oven combined with a carbonization chamber pressure stabilization system. The invention will be described in detail below through embodiments.

[0044] Reference Figure 1 A method for controlling smokeless coal loading includes the following steps S101 to S104.

[0045] Step S101: Obtain control parameters for multiple screw feeders; wherein, the control parameters include a preset start-up sequence, a preset bottom coal frequency, and a preset bottom coal weight threshold determined based on the weight data of the coal hopper scale.

[0046] This embodiment applies to a top-charged coke oven, which includes multiple screw feeders, a carbonization chamber, and a coal hopper scale. The screw feeders are divided into multiple groups. The top-charged coke oven has a specification of 2*60 holes and a height of 7 meters, and is equipped with a carbonization chamber pressure stabilization system.

[0047] like Figure 2 As shown, bridge pipe 3 is a key component of the coke oven raw gas extraction system, connecting riser pipe 6 and gas collecting pipe. It is responsible for smoothly extracting the raw gas generated in carbonization chamber 2, preventing smoke and fire caused by excessive gas pressure. Simultaneously, the raw gas entering the riser pipe from carbonization chamber 2 at a temperature of 700-750℃ is continuously sprayed with ammonia water through ammonia water nozzles 4 on bridge pipe 3. Due to the significant heat absorption from the evaporation of some (2.5%-3.0%) ammonia water, the gas temperature rapidly drops to 80-100℃, and approximately 60%-70% of the tar in the gas condenses. To prevent raw gas leakage into the atmosphere, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the upper part of the bridge pipe is equipped with a riser cover 1, and the other end of the bridge pipe 3 is connected to a water seal cover 5 to protect the environment and the health of operators. This is because when the pressure in the carbonization chamber 2 is high, such as when the pressure exceeds 450 Pa, the riser cover 1 will automatically open (controlled by the PLC program and pressure interlock, controlling the electro-hydraulic actuator on site), and the flue gas will be directly discharged into the outside air, causing an environmental accident.

[0048] In this embodiment, the top-loading coke oven is equipped with a coal hopper scale for monitoring the amount of coal in each coal hopper. Based on the real-time weight data fed back by the coal hopper scale and the requirement for stable bridge pipe pressure during the coal charging process, the relevant parameters of the four screw feeders (numbered 1#, 2#, 3#, and 4#) are determined.

[0049] For example, the parameter setting principle is as follows: First, determine the preset start-up sequence; clarify that the four screw feeders should start to discharge bottom coal in the order of 4#, 3#, 2#, 1#, to avoid the simultaneous start of multiple screw feeders causing a concentrated amount of coal to be discharged, which would lead to a sudden increase in bridge pipe pressure; then, determine the preset bottom coal frequency; set the operating frequency of the screw feeders during the bottom coal discharge stage to no more than 10Hz, control the coal discharge speed through low frequency, and cooperate with the coal hopper scale to monitor the amount of coal discharged in real time to prevent the coal discharge from being too fast during the bottom coal stage; finally, determine the preset bottom coal weight threshold; set the weight threshold for each screw feeder during the bottom coal discharge stage to no more than 1000kg, and use the coal weight of a single screw feeder detected by the coal hopper scale reaching this threshold as the criterion for determining the completion of bottom coal discharge, providing a weight basis for the subsequent interval start of the next screw feeder.

[0050] Step S102, repeat the following steps (1) to (3) until all screw feeders have finished feeding the bottom coal.

[0051] (1) Control the current sequence screw feeder to feed coal according to the preset start-up sequence and preset bottom coal frequency.

[0052] (2) Obtain the coal feeding weight of the screw feeder in the current sequence.

[0053] (3) When the coal weight of the current sequence screw feeder reaches the preset bottom coal weight threshold, stop the operation of the current sequence screw feeder, and after a preset start interval, start the next sequence screw feeder after the current sequence screw feeder in the preset start sequence.

[0054] Specifically, based on the preset start-up sequence of the four screw feeders (4#, 3#, 2#, 1#) determined in step S101, the preset bottom coal frequency (not greater than 10Hz, preferably 10Hz), the preset bottom coal weight threshold (not greater than 1000kg, preferably 500kg), and the preset start-up interval (controlled within 2~8s, preferably 4s), the bottom coal feeding operation is performed: First, according to the preset start-up sequence, the #4 screw feeder is started feeding coal at the preset bottom coal frequency of 10Hz, while the coal weight fed by the #4 screw feeder is monitored in real time by the coal hopper scale of the coal loading car. When the coal hopper scale detects that the coal weight fed by the #4 screw feeder reaches the preset bottom coal weight threshold of 500kg, the #4 screw feeder stops feeding coal. After a preset start-up interval of 4s, the #3 screw feeder is started feeding coal again at the preset bottom coal frequency of 10Hz, and the coal weight fed by the #3 screw feeder is monitored in real time by the coal hopper scale. Once the coal weight fed by screw feeder #3 reaches the preset bottom coal weight threshold of 500 kg, stop screw feeder #3. After a 4-second interval, start screw feeder #2 and repeat the above coal feeding and weight monitoring operation. After screw feeder #2 has finished feeding the bottom coal, start screw feeder #1 after a 4-second interval, controlling the coal feeding frequency and monitoring the coal weight in the same way, until the coal weight fed by screw feeder #1 reaches the preset bottom coal weight threshold of 500 kg, at which point all screw feeders have completed feeding the bottom coal.

[0055] The bottom coal mentioned in this embodiment refers to the slow, small-volume coal fed by the screw feeder at the beginning of the coal loading stage.

[0056] Step S103: After all the screw feeders have completed the bottom coal feeding operation, at a first preset medium speed interval, control multiple screw feeders to run at a preset medium speed frequency (controlled between 25Hz and 35Hz, preferably 30Hz) according to a preset grouping strategy. The screw feeders in each group are started sequentially according to the preset inter-group start-up sequence and the corresponding inter-group interval.

[0057] After all four screw feeders (4#, 3#, 2#, and 1#) have finished feeding coal, a medium-speed coal feeding operation is performed based on preset parameters: First, at a first preset medium-speed interval of 5 seconds, screw feeders 4# and 3# are started simultaneously and run at a preset medium-speed frequency of 30Hz to enter the medium-speed coal feeding stage; then, at a second preset medium-speed interval of 10 seconds, screw feeders 2# and 1# are started simultaneously and run at a preset medium-speed frequency of 30Hz to enter the medium-speed coal feeding stage, thus realizing that the two sets of screw feeders feed coal at medium speed in different time periods.

[0058] The preset grouping strategy in this embodiment adopts a two-by-two grouping strategy. The preset grouping strategy is not limited to this. For example, for six screw feeders, they can be divided into three groups of two feeders each, and a corresponding start interval between groups can be set. Alternatively, they can be divided into two groups of three feeders each.

[0059] Step S104: Obtain the cumulative coal feeding weight of each screw feeder. When the cumulative coal feeding weight of the currently running screw feeder reaches the preset high-speed switching weight threshold, switch the operating frequency of the currently running screw feeder to the preset high-speed frequency (controlled between 45Hz and 55Hz, preferably 50Hz) until all screw feeders have completed coal loading.

[0060] Specifically, while screw feeders #4 and #3, and screw feeders #2 and #1 are operating at a preset medium-speed frequency of 30Hz, the cumulative coal feeding weight of each screw feeder is obtained in real time through the coal hopper scale of the coal loading car. A preset high-speed switching weight threshold is set. For example, when the coal feeding weight reaches 6000kg, and the coal hopper scale detects that the cumulative coal feeding weight of screw feeder #4 has reached this threshold, the operating frequency of screw feeder #4 is switched from 30Hz to the preset high-speed frequency of 50Hz.

[0061] Similarly, when the cumulative coal feeding weight of screw feeders #3, #2, and #1 reaches 6000kg, their operating frequencies are switched to 50Hz one by one. All screw feeders operate at high speed and continuously monitor the coal feeding weight through the coal hopper scale until each screw feeder completes the coal loading task of its corresponding coal hopper. For example, when the total coal loading weight is about 46 tons, all screw feeders are stopped.

[0062] Each screw feeder independently determines and triggers the switch to high-speed frequency based on its own accumulated coal feeding weight; however, once switched, multiple feeders can operate at high-speed frequency simultaneously. Any feeder will immediately switch to high speed as soon as it reaches its own switching threshold, without waiting for other feeders, and the state switching of each feeder is independent of each other.

[0063] When the total coal loading capacity is set to 48 tons, although the timing of each feeder entering high-speed mode may vary depending on the coal feeding progress, once they all reach the switching threshold, they will all operate at a high-speed frequency until they complete the coal loading task of approximately 12 tons per feeder, ultimately achieving a total coal loading capacity of 48 tons. For a scenario where one carbonization chamber corresponds to four coal loading holes, i.e., four screw feeders, with a bottom coal threshold of 500 kg, the screw feeders feed coal one by one; at a medium-speed target coal loading capacity of 6000 kg, the screw feeders feed coal in groups of two, and high-speed coal feeding begins when any feeder reaches 6000 kg; the high-speed mode ultimately completes the coal loading target of 12000 kg per feeder, stopping coal feeding when any feeder reaches 12000 kg.

[0064] In an optional embodiment, the following steps (1) to (2) may be included before step S101:

[0065] (1) Start the high-pressure ammonia injection and collect the pressure of the carbonization chamber during coal loading;

[0066] (2) Adjust the operating frequency of the screw feeder according to the carbonization chamber pressure to control the carbonization chamber pressure within the preset pressure range.

[0067] Here, during coal loading, high-pressure ammonia water is activated and used throughout the loading process in the carbonization chamber. The ammonia water nozzles are located on the bridge pipe, continuously spraying ammonia water to cool the loaded coal. During loading, the operating frequency of the screw feeder is adjusted to control the carbonization chamber pressure within a preset pressure range. For example, the preset pressure range in the carbonization chamber is controlled at 50 Pa. When the current pressure in the carbonization chamber exceeds 50 Pa, the bottom coal quantity and screw feeder speed are reduced; conversely, when the current pressure in the carbonization chamber is below 50 Pa, the screw feeder speed is increased. In this embodiment, the carbonization chamber pressure is collected in real time; that is, the carbonization chamber pressure is collected in real time, and the operating frequency of the screw feeder is adjusted in real time according to the carbonization chamber pressure to control the carbonization chamber pressure within the preset pressure range.

[0068] When a top-loading coke oven performs oven cooling and high-pressure ammonia injection to regulate the carbonization chamber pressure, the oven cooling control and pressure acquisition are performed first. The oven cooling process is initiated according to a preset interval, for example, three oven numbers in advance. During the oven cooling process, the pressure data in the bridge pipe associated with the carbonization chamber is collected in real time to monitor pressure changes. Then, high-pressure ammonia injection and pressure regulation are performed. When the collected pressure in the bridge pipe enters the preset oven cooling pressure range (approximately +50 Pa), the water seal valve is fully opened during coal charging, the high-pressure ammonia valve is opened, and high-pressure ammonia injection is initiated, creating a negative pressure (generally around -1000 Pa), and then the coal charging operation is carried out.

[0069] Preferably, step S104 may include the following steps S201 to S203.

[0070] Step S201: Obtain the actual operating frequency of each screw feeder after switching to the preset high-speed frequency;

[0071] Step S202: Determine the frequency deviation value based on the actual operating frequency of each screw feeder after switching to the preset high-speed frequency and the preset high-speed frequency;

[0072] Step S203: If the frequency deviation value exceeds the preset deviation range, the screw feeder whose frequency deviation value exceeds the preset deviation range is controlled to perform frequency calibration until the actual operating frequency reaches the preset high-speed frequency.

[0073] Here, after the screw feeders #4, #3, #2, and #1 switched from the preset medium-speed frequency of 30Hz to the preset high-speed frequency of 50Hz due to the coal weight reaching the preset high-speed switching weight threshold of 6000kg, frequency monitoring and calibration were performed: First, the actual operating frequency was collected: the frequency monitoring module of the coal loading car PLC control system collected the actual operating frequency data of each screw feeder after switching to 50Hz in real time, and continuously tracked the frequency stability of each screw feeder during the high-speed operation phase; then, the frequency deviation value was calculated: using the preset high-speed frequency of 50Hz as the benchmark, the actual operating frequency of each screw feeder collected in step 201 was compared with 50Hz. The frequency deviation value of each screw feeder is obtained by performing difference calculation; finally, frequency calibration control is performed: a preset frequency deviation range is set, which can be determined according to the actual operating accuracy requirements on site; if the frequency deviation value of a screw feeder exceeds the preset range, for example, if the actual frequency is 48Hz or 52Hz and exceeds the preset deviation range of ±1Hz, a calibration command is sent to the screw feeder through the PLC control system to adjust its output frequency until the actual operating frequency of the screw feeder is stable at the preset high-speed frequency of 50Hz, ensuring the stability of the coal feeding speed during the high-speed coal feeding stage and avoiding the impact of frequency deviation on the bridge pipe pressure caused by fluctuations in the coal feeding volume.

[0074] In this embodiment, the coal charging speed is set to start slowly, then at a medium speed, and finally at a high speed. This is because when cold coal enters the high-temperature carbonization chamber (approximately 1000°C), it instantly generates a large amount of raw coal gas. If the charging speed is too fast, the pressure inside the carbonization chamber will rise sharply. Initially charging a small amount of coal helps to form a stable raw coal gas channel and avoids pressure concentration. As the amount of coal charged continues to increase, the furnace wall temperature decreases, the amount of coal gas generated gradually decreases and tends to stabilize, and the bottom coal in the carbonization chamber begins to form a protective layer, reducing the direct contact between the newly fed coal and the furnace wall. Simultaneously, when the coal is heated to 350°C–450°C, the breakage of the side chains generates a large amount of liquid, high-boiling-point tar vapor, and solid particles, forming a multi-decomposition colloidal body and colloidal system. At this point, the coal has entered the colloidal stage, and the amount of gas generated is relatively reduced. Furthermore, the coal charging speed must take into account production rhythm and environmental protection considerations.

[0075] like Figure 3The figure shows the dynamic change curve of the coke oven bridge pipe pressure during a complete coal charging cycle. The figure indicates that the pressure experienced significant fluctuations over approximately 1 hour and 7 minutes, but remained within a safe range overall. This is because at the initial stage of the coal charging operation, measures such as high-pressure ammonia injection rapidly increased the bridge pipe pressure to a relatively high negative pressure level (approximately -400 Pa). This was intended to create a strong suction force to effectively extract the initial flue gas generated during coal charging. As the coal charging operation progressed, the pipeline pressure began to rise sharply due to the large amount of raw coal gas instantly generated in the high-temperature carbonization chamber, forming a significant pressure peak exceeding +125 Pa. This curve confirms that despite the pressure fluctuations, the peak value is far below the critical pressure (typically exceeding +500 Pa) that could cause the riser cover to pop open using traditional methods. This strongly demonstrates that the control method provided by this invention (initially using sequential bottom coal feeding, then medium-speed group coal feeding in the middle stage, and high-speed coal feeding in the later stage) can successfully suppress key pressure parameters during the coal charging process within safe thresholds, thereby fundamentally avoiding fugitive emissions of flue gas.

[0076] In summary, this embodiment can significantly reduce the pressure in the carbonization chamber during coal loading, preventing excessive pressure from causing the riser cover to open, fundamentally eliminating flue gas leakage, and avoiding environmental accidents. It can be achieved without adding any new hardware equipment, simply by optimizing the control logic, and is low in cost. It also has a high degree of automation, effectively reducing the intensity and complexity of operator intervention.

[0077] Compared to the traditional method of simultaneously starting multiple feeders at medium speed and then running them at high speed, the inventive concept of this embodiment lies in: using a stepped control strategy of sequential bottom coal feeding, grouped starting at medium speed, and asynchronous triggering at high speed, the large amount of raw coal gas generated instantaneously at the beginning of coal charging is smoothed and troughed over time, allowing it to enter the gas extraction system smoothly. This avoids a sudden increase in carbonization chamber pressure caused by excessive instantaneous coal feeding. This embodiment can reduce the carbonization chamber pressure during coal charging, preventing excessive pressure from causing the riser pipe cover to open and avoiding environmental accidents.

[0078] It should also be noted that the method in this embodiment integrates a specific PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) program into the automatic control system of the coal loading car. The PLC system receives the weight signal from the coal hopper scale and, according to the logic set in the method of this embodiment, sends frequency control commands to the frequency converters of each screw feeder to control the start and stop of the high-pressure ammonia water valve and the steam purging valve.

[0079] See Figure 4 This embodiment describes a smokeless coal charging control device applied to a top-charging coke oven. The top-charging coke oven includes multiple screw feeders, a carbonization chamber, and a coal hopper scale. The screw feeders are divided into multiple groups. The device includes a coal charging preparation module 41, a bottom coal lowering module 42, a medium-speed coal charging module 43, and a high-speed coal charging module 44.

[0080] The coal loading preparation module 41 is used to acquire control parameters for multiple screw feeders; the control parameters include a preset start-up sequence, a preset bottom coal frequency, and a preset bottom coal weight threshold determined based on the weight data of the coal hopper scale. The bottom coal feeding module 42 is used to repeatedly execute the following start-up module 421, bottom coal weight module 422, and replacement module 423 until all screw feeders have completed bottom coal feeding.

[0081] The start module 421 controls the coal feeding of the current sequence screw feeder according to a preset start sequence and a preset bottom coal frequency. The coal feeding weight module 422 obtains the coal feeding weight of the current sequence screw feeder. The replacement module 423 stops the operation of the current sequence screw feeder when the coal feeding weight reaches a preset bottom coal weight threshold, and starts the next sequence screw feeder according to the preset start sequence after a preset start interval.

[0082] The medium-speed coal loading module 43 is used to control multiple screw feeders to operate at a preset medium-speed frequency according to a preset grouping strategy after all screw feeders have completed the bottom coal feeding operation, at a first preset medium-speed interval. Specifically, the screw feeders in each group are started sequentially according to a preset inter-group start-up order and corresponding inter-group interval. The high-speed coal loading module 44 is used to obtain the cumulative coal feeding weight of each screw feeder. When the cumulative coal feeding weight of the currently operating screw feeder reaches a preset high-speed switching weight threshold, the operating frequency of the currently operating screw feeder is switched to a preset high-speed frequency until all screw feeders have completed coal loading.

[0083] In a possible embodiment, the device further includes an ammonia injection module and a pressure control module; the ammonia injection module is used to initiate high-pressure ammonia injection and collect the carbonization chamber pressure during coal loading; the pressure control module is used to adjust the operating frequency of the screw feeder according to the carbonization chamber pressure to control the carbonization chamber pressure within a preset pressure range.

[0084] In a possible embodiment, the device further includes an actual operating frequency module, a frequency deviation value module, and a frequency calibration module. The actual operating frequency module is used to acquire the actual operating frequency of each screw feeder after switching to a preset high-speed frequency. The frequency deviation value module is used to determine the frequency deviation value based on the actual operating frequency of each screw feeder after switching to the preset high-speed frequency and the preset high-speed frequency. The frequency calibration module is used to control the screw feeders whose frequency deviation values ​​exceed a preset deviation range to undergo frequency calibration until the actual operating frequency reaches the preset high-speed frequency.

[0085] In an optional embodiment, the steam purging module includes a comparison module, a judgment module, and a monitoring module. The comparison module obtains the actual total coal weight after all screw feeders have completed charging and compares it with the preset total coal weight corresponding to the top-charged coke oven. The judgment module sends a start-up purging message to the steam purging device if the actual total coal weight reaches the preset total coal weight, controlling the steam purging device to perform steam purging on the top-charged coke oven. The monitoring module monitors the steam purging duration in real time. When the steam purging duration reaches the preset duration, it sends a stop-purging message to the steam purging device, controlling the steam purging device to stop steam purging and complete the coal charging process.

[0086] In an optional embodiment, the preset bottom coal frequency is no greater than 10Hz.

[0087] In an optional embodiment, the preset bottom coal weight threshold is no more than 1000 kg.

[0088] In an optional embodiment, the preset start-up interval is 2 to 8 seconds.

[0089] In an optional embodiment, the preset medium-speed frequency is 25Hz~35Hz, and the preset high-speed frequency is 45Hz~55Hz.

[0090] The apparatus provided in the embodiments of this application has the same inventive concept as the method provided in the embodiments of this application. As long as the method can solve the technical problem, the apparatus can also solve the technical problem. This will not be elaborated here.

[0091] Reference Figure 5 The present invention also provides an electronic device 1000, including a communication interface 1001, a processor 1002, a memory 1003, and a bus 1004. The processor 1002, the communication interface 1001, and the memory 1003 are connected via the bus 1004. The memory 1003 is used to store a computer program that supports the processor 1002 in executing the above-mentioned smokeless coal loading control method. The processor 1002 is configured to execute the program stored in the memory 1003.

[0092] Optionally, embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer-readable medium having non-volatile program code executable by a processor 1002, the program code causing the processor 1002 to perform the smokeless coal loading control method as described in the above embodiments.

[0093] As is known from common technical knowledge, this invention can be implemented through other embodiments that do not depart from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the disclosed embodiments described above are merely illustrative in all respects and are not the only ones. All modifications within the scope of this invention or its equivalents are included in this invention.

Claims

1. A control method of smokeless coal charging, characterized by, The method is applied to a top-charged coke oven, which includes multiple screw feeders, a carbonization chamber, and a coal hopper scale, wherein the multiple screw feeders are divided into multiple groups; the method includes: The control parameters of multiple screw feeders are obtained; wherein, the control parameters include a preset start-up sequence, a preset bottom coal frequency, and a preset bottom coal weight threshold determined based on the weight data of the coal hopper scale; Repeat steps (1) to (3) until all screw feeders have finished feeding the bottom coal: (1) Control the current sequence screw feeder to feed coal according to the preset start-up sequence and the preset bottom coal frequency; (2) Obtain the coal feed weight of the screw feeder in the current sequence; (3) When the weight of coal fed by the current sequence screw feeder reaches the preset bottom coal weight threshold, the current sequence screw feeder stops running, and after a preset start interval, the next sequence screw feeder after the current sequence screw feeder starts according to the preset start sequence. After all the screw feeders have completed the bottom coal feeding operation, the screw feeders in each group are started sequentially according to the preset grouping strategy and run at a preset medium speed frequency; the starting interval between adjacent groups is a preset inter-group interval time. The cumulative coal feeding weight of each screw feeder is obtained. When the cumulative coal feeding weight of the currently running screw feeder reaches the preset high-speed switching weight threshold, the operating frequency of the currently running screw feeder is switched to the preset high-speed frequency until all screw feeders have completed coal loading.

2. The control method of the smokeless coal charging according to claim 1, characterized by, Before acquiring the control parameters of multiple screw feeders, the process also includes: Initiate high-pressure ammonia injection and collect the pressure in the carbonization chamber during coal loading; The operating frequency of the screw feeder is adjusted according to the pressure in the carbonization chamber to control the pressure in the carbonization chamber within a preset pressure range.

3. The control method of the smokeless coal charging according to claim 1, characterized by, The process of obtaining the cumulative coal feeding weight of each screw feeder, and switching the operating frequency of the currently operating screw feeder to the preset high-speed switching frequency when the cumulative coal feeding weight of the currently operating screw feeder reaches the preset high-speed switching weight threshold, further includes: Obtain the actual operating frequency of each screw feeder after switching to the preset high-speed frequency; The frequency deviation value is determined based on the actual operating frequency of each screw feeder after switching to the preset high-speed frequency and the preset high-speed frequency; If the frequency deviation value exceeds the preset deviation range, the screw feeder with the frequency deviation value exceeding the preset deviation range is controlled to perform frequency calibration until the actual operating frequency reaches the preset high-speed frequency.

4. The control method of the smokeless coal charging according to claim 1, characterized by, The preset bottom coal frequency is no greater than 10Hz.

5. The control method of the smokeless coal charging according to claim 1, characterized by, The preset bottom coal weight threshold is no more than 1000 kg.

6. The control method of the smokeless coal charging according to claim 1, characterized by, The preset start-up interval is 2~8 seconds.

7. The control method of the smokeless coal charging according to claim 1, characterized by, The preset medium-speed frequency is 25Hz~35Hz, and the preset high-speed frequency is 45Hz~55Hz.

8. A control device for smokeless coal charging, characterized by comprising: This device is applied to a top-charging coke oven, which includes multiple screw feeders, a carbonization chamber, and a coal hopper scale. The multiple screw feeders are divided into multiple groups. The device includes: The coal loading preparation module is used to acquire control parameters of multiple screw feeders; wherein, the control parameters include a preset start-up sequence, a preset bottom coal frequency, and a preset bottom coal weight threshold determined based on the weight data of the coal hopper scale; The bottom coal feeding module is used to repeatedly execute the following start-up module, coal feeding weight module, and replacement module until all screw feeders have completed bottom coal feeding; The startup module is used to control the coal feeding of the screw feeder in the current sequence according to the preset startup sequence and the preset bottom coal frequency. The coal feeding weight module is used to obtain the coal feeding weight of the screw feeder in the current sequence. When the coal weight of the current sequence screw feeder reaches the preset bottom coal weight threshold, the current sequence screw feeder stops running and, after a preset start interval, the next sequence screw feeder is started according to the preset start sequence. The medium-speed coal loading module is used to start the screw feeders in each group sequentially at a preset medium-speed frequency after all screw feeders have completed the bottom coal feeding operation, according to a preset grouping strategy; wherein the starting interval between adjacent groups is a preset inter-group interval time. The high-speed coal loading module is used to obtain the cumulative coal weight of each screw feeder. When the cumulative coal weight of the currently running screw feeder reaches the preset high-speed switching weight threshold, the operating frequency of the currently running screw feeder is switched to the preset high-speed frequency until all screw feeders have completed coal loading.

9. An electronic device, comprising: The method includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer program product comprising computer readable code, or a non-transitory computer readable storage medium carrying computer readable code, characterized in that, When the computer-readable code is executed in an electronic device, the processor in the electronic device performs the method according to any one of claims 1-7.

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