Self-locking device for ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber ropes

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of hoisting equipment, and is especially suitable for high-altitude, low-altitude multi-scene hoisting operation and high-altitude safety protection, and specifically discloses a super high molecular weight polyethylene fiber rope self-locking device, which comprises a shell, a fixed handle is arranged on the shell, a main ratchet wheel turntable is rotatably installed in the shell, a first pawl is arranged in the shell and is matched with the main ratchet wheel turntable, and a secondary ratchet wheel turntable is further arranged in the shell. The main ratchet wheel turntable and the secondary ratchet wheel turntable are matched to make the fiber rope form a curved track, so that the locking stress points of the fiber rope are increased to two places, the local stress load of the fiber rope is dispersed, the first abrasion-increasing tooth and the elastic second abrasion-increasing tooth are matched, the problem that the super high molecular weight polyethylene fiber rope is prone to local friction damage and structural weakening during high-altitude and low-altitude operation is relieved, the risk of locking failure caused by extreme dynamic impact is reduced, and the safety protection demand of complex and severe high-altitude and low-altitude operation can be stably matched.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of hoisting equipment, and specifically discloses a self-locking device for ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber rope. Background Technology

[0002] A self-locking device, also known as a fall arrestor, is a core safety component used in high-altitude and low-altitude work scenarios to prevent workers from falling from heights and to secure the load in a fixed position. Currently, traditional self-locking devices generally employ a ratchet-type locking structure. The working rope passes around a unidirectional rotating ratchet disc, and the contact friction between the rope and the locking groove on the outer circumference of the ratchet disc enables normal sliding and emergency self-locking in case of a sudden fall.

[0003] This type of ratchet-type single-point friction locking structure has inherent defects in actual use in high- and low-altitude operations: during operation, all the locking load and frictional wear of the fiber rope are concentrated in the narrow arc-shaped area where the ratchet disc contacts the rope, resulting in a highly concentrated distribution of stress and wear. For ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber working ropes, after long-term repetitive use, localized fiber damage and structural weakening due to concentrated friction can occur, reducing the rope's service life and creating safety hazards for high-altitude operations. Furthermore, the reliability of this locking structure relies entirely on the frictional performance of the single-point contact arc surface, making it prone to rope slippage under extreme dynamic impacts, leading to locking failure and making it unsuitable for the complex and stringent safety protection requirements of high- and low-altitude operations. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of this invention is to provide a self-locking device for ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber ropes to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies. Through a double ratchet synergistic locking structure, the force on the rope can be distributed, local wear reduced, locking reliability enhanced, and the fiber rope can be retrieved more quickly and effortlessly.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a self-locking device for ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber rope, including a housing, a fixed handle on the housing, a main ratchet turntable rotatably mounted inside the housing, a first pawl inside the housing and adapted to the main ratchet turntable, and a secondary ratchet turntable inside the housing, wherein a curved trajectory for the fiber rope to pass through is formed between the secondary ratchet turntable and the main ratchet turntable;

[0006] It also includes an unlocking mechanism disposed within the housing. The unlocking mechanism includes a movable plate slidably mounted within the housing, and a first pawl and a secondary ratchet disc are both disposed on the movable plate. The main ratchet disc includes a first wheel body rotatably mounted on the housing. An outer ratchet is disposed on the outer wall of the first wheel body. The outer wall of the first wheel body is disposed with uniformly distributed first grinding teeth. The secondary ratchet disc includes a second wheel body rotatably mounted on the outer wall of the movable plate. The outer wall of the second wheel body is disposed with uniformly distributed second grinding teeth.

[0007] In the above technical solution, preferably, the second friction-enhancing tooth is configured as an elastic structure.

[0008] In the above technical solution, preferably, a guide block is provided inside the outer shell, and the guide block is located between the main ratchet turntable and the secondary ratchet turntable.

[0009] In the above technical solution, preferably, the unlocking mechanism further includes an adjusting screw rotatably installed inside the housing, one end of the adjusting screw is provided with a hand adjustment wheel, and the movable plate is provided with a threaded engagement part that is threadedly engaged with the adjusting screw.

[0010] In the above technical solution, preferably, a second mounting groove is provided on one side of the second wheel body, a second inner ratchet is provided on the inner wall of the second mounting groove, a fixed shaft is provided on one side of the movable plate, and the fixed shaft extends into the second mounting groove, and a third pawl is provided on the outer wall of the fixed shaft, and the third pawl is adapted to the second inner ratchet.

[0011] In the above technical solution, preferably, a first mounting groove is provided on one side of the main ratchet turntable, a reverse ratchet is provided in the first mounting groove, an extension plate is provided on one side of the movable plate, and the extension plate extends into the first mounting groove, and a second pawl is provided at one end of the extension plate.

[0012] In the above technical solution, preferably, a mounting block is provided inside the outer shell, the mounting block extends into the first mounting groove, and the second pawl is slidably mounted on the outer wall of the mounting block by a slider.

[0013] In the above technical solution, preferably, the outer ratchet and the second inner ratchet are locked in the same direction.

[0014] In the above technical solution, preferably, the external ratchet and the reverse ratchet are configured to lock in the opposite direction.

[0015] In the above technical solution, preferably, the first pawl, the second inner ratchet, and the third pawl all include a rotatable pawl portion and a pair of return springs.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The main ratchet and the secondary ratchet turntable work together to make the fiber rope form a curved trajectory, increasing the number of locking force points of the fiber rope to two, thus dispersing the local force. In conjunction with the first grinding tooth and the elastic second grinding tooth, the locking friction is enhanced to a certain extent, while reducing the risk of local damage to the fiber rope.

[0018] Since the outer ratchet locks in the same direction as the second inner ratchet, the main ratchet turntable and the secondary ratchet turntable lock in the same direction, which improves locking stability. Meanwhile, the outer ratchet locks in the opposite direction to the reverse ratchet. The cooperation between the reverse ratchet and the second pawl can limit the rotation range of the main ratchet turntable, ensuring that the first pawl can accurately engage with the outer ratchet when it moves down, improving reset reliability. At the same time, it can also prevent the fiber rope from slipping when retracting.

[0019] The unlocking mechanism achieves synchronous lifting and unlocking of the first pawl and the secondary ratchet turntable by adjusting the transmission of the screw and the threaded engagement part. Compared with the traditional unlocking method, it is more convenient to operate and can straighten some sections of the fiber rope during the process, thereby reducing the resistance when retracting. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the outer shell of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the unlocking mechanism of the present invention in use;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the unlocked structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the unlocking mechanism of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the secondary ratchet turntable structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the main ratchet turntable and the first inner ratchet structure of the present invention.

[0027] In the diagram: 1. Outer shell; 2. Fixed handle; 3. Unlocking mechanism; 31. Movable plate; 32. Extension plate; 33. Adjusting screw; 34. Slider; 35. Threaded mating part; 36. Hand adjustment wheel; 4. Main ratchet turntable; 41. Outer ratchet; 42. First wheel body; 43. First grinding tooth; 44. First mounting groove; 45. Mounting block; 46. Reverse ratchet; 47. Second pawl; 5. First pawl; 6. Guide block; 7. Secondary ratchet turntable; 71. Second wheel body; 72. Second inner ratchet; 73. Second mounting groove; 74. Third pawl; 75. Fixed shaft; 76. Second grinding tooth; 8. Fiber rope; 9. Pawl part; 10. Return spring. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0029] Numerous specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and therefore the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0030] like Figures 1-7 The illustrated ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber rope self-locking device includes a housing 1. The housing 1 has pre-reserved installation chambers for various mechanisms. During installation, the fixing handle 2 is first fixed to the side wall of the housing 1 with non-metallic bolts. The fixing handle 2 is used for gripping or connecting to external fixing points, facilitating the carrying and positioning of the self-locking device. A main ratchet disc 4 is rotatably installed inside the housing 1 via bearings. The main ratchet disc 4 can rotate freely around its own axis. A first pawl 5 is installed inside the housing 1 at the position corresponding to the main ratchet disc 4 via a rotating shaft. The first pawl 5 is adapted to the outer ratchet 41 of the main ratchet disc 4, realizing the one-way locking of the main ratchet disc 4. A secondary ratchet disc 7 is also provided inside the housing 1. A gap is reserved between the main ratchet disc 4 and the secondary ratchet disc 7. Together with the guide block 6 fixed inside the housing 1, they form a curved trajectory for the fiber rope 8 to pass through.

[0031] The device also includes an unlocking mechanism 3 disposed inside the housing 1. The core component of the unlocking mechanism 3 is a movable plate 31. A longitudinal sliding groove is provided on the inner wall of the housing 1. The movable plate 31 is installed in the sliding groove by a slider to achieve up and down sliding. The first pawl 5 and the secondary ratchet turntable 7 are both mounted on the movable plate 31 by a rotating shaft and move synchronously with the movable plate 31. The main ratchet turntable 4 includes a first wheel body 42 rotatably mounted on the housing 1 by a bearing. An outer ratchet 41 is integrally formed on the outer wall of the first wheel body 42. The outer ratchet 41 is adapted to the pawl part 9 of the first pawl 5. The outer wall of the first wheel body 42 is also integrally formed with uniformly distributed first grinding teeth 43. The surface of the first grinding teeth 43 is roughened to enhance friction. The secondary ratchet turntable 7 includes a second wheel body 71 rotatably mounted on the outer wall of the movable plate 31 by a bearing. The outer wall of the second wheel body 71 is integrally formed with uniformly distributed second friction teeth 76. The second friction teeth 76 are set as an elastic structure and can slightly deform and fit the surface of the fiber rope 8 after being pressed.

[0032] The unlocking mechanism 3 also includes an adjusting screw 33 rotatably mounted inside the housing 1 via a bearing. One end of the adjusting screw 33 passes through the wall of the housing 1, and a hand-adjusting wheel 36 is welded to the end for easy manual adjustment. A threaded engagement part 35 is welded to the movable plate 31. The threaded engagement part 35 is threadedly engaged with the adjusting screw 33, and the rotation of the adjusting screw 33 is converted into linear sliding of the movable plate 31 through threaded transmission. A second mounting groove 73 is provided on one side of the second wheel body 71. A second inner ratchet 72 is integrally formed on the inner wall of the second mounting groove 73. A fixed shaft 75 is welded to one side of the movable plate 31, and the fixed shaft 75 extends into the second mounting groove 73. A third pawl 74 is evenly distributed on the outer wall of the fixed shaft 75 via a rotating shaft. The third pawl 74 is adapted to the second inner ratchet 72 to achieve one-way locking of the secondary ratchet turntable 7.

[0033] A first mounting groove 44 is provided on one side of the main ratchet turntable 4. A reverse ratchet 46 is fixed in the first mounting groove 44 by bolts. An extension plate 32 is integrally formed on one side of the movable plate 31, and the extension plate 32 extends into the first mounting groove 44. A second pawl 47 is slidably mounted on one end of the extension plate 32 via a slider 34. A mounting block 45 is welded and fixed inside the outer shell 1. The mounting block 45 extends into the first mounting groove 44, and the second pawl 47 is slidably mounted on the outer wall of the mounting block 45 via the slider 34, ensuring that the second pawl 47 can slide stably and interact with the reverse ratchet 46. 6. The outer ratchet 41 and the second inner ratchet 72 are locked in the same direction to ensure that the locking direction of the main ratchet turntable 4 and the secondary ratchet turntable 7 on the fiber rope 8 is consistent; the outer ratchet 41 and the reverse ratchet 46 are locked in opposite directions to realize the locking switching in different states. The first pawl 5, the second inner ratchet 72 and the third pawl 74 all include a rotatable pawl part 9 and a pair of return springs 10. One end of the return spring 10 abuts against the pawl part 9 and the other end abuts against the corresponding mounting seat to provide a return spring force for the pawl part 9 and ensure its stable engagement of the ratchet structure.

[0034] In use, the fiber rope 8 passes through the curved track formed by the main ratchet disc 4 and the secondary ratchet disc 7 inside the outer casing 1. The fiber rope 8 is in contact with the first grinding tooth 43 and the second friction tooth 76 at the same time. Since the main ratchet disc 4 can achieve one-way locking through the cooperation of the outer ratchet 41 and the first pawl 5, and the secondary ratchet disc 7 can achieve one-way locking through the cooperation of the second inner ratchet 72 and the third pawl 74, and the locking directions of the two are the same, the cooperation of the first grinding tooth 43 and the second friction tooth 76 makes it possible for the fiber rope 8 to slide in only one direction. Based on the rough structure of the first grinding tooth 43 and the elastic deformation characteristics of the second friction tooth 76, the friction force of the main ratchet disc 4 and the secondary ratchet disc 7 on the fiber rope 8 can be enhanced, thereby applying a one-way locking effect to the fiber rope 8.

[0035] Because the fiber rope 8 has a curved trajectory, its locking force points are increased to both the main ratchet turntable 4 and the secondary ratchet turntable 7. Compared with the traditional single-point locking, the force on the fiber rope 8 is dispersed. At the same time, when the curved trajectory is taut, it also extends the overall load-bearing section of the fiber rope 8, which improves the locking effect of the fiber rope 8 to a certain extent. It also reduces the local pressure on the fiber rope 8 during locking and reduces the risk of local damage.

[0036] With this design, the main ratchet disc 4 and the secondary ratchet disc 7 need to be released simultaneously during unlocking. Traditional methods require disengaging multiple pawls at once, which is cumbersome. However, in this application, when retracting the fiber rope 8, the adjustment screw 33 is rotated manually by turning the hand-adjusting wheel 36. The adjusting screw 33 drives the threaded engagement part 35 and the movable plate 31 to rise synchronously through a threaded connection. The movable plate 31 simultaneously drives the first pawl 5 and the secondary ratchet disc 7 to move upwards. After the first pawl 5 moves upwards, its pawl part 9 disengages from the outer ratchet 41, allowing the main ratchet to rotate. When the main ratchet 4 is unlocked, the secondary ratchet 7 moves upward, and its second friction-enhancing tooth 76 no longer presses on the fiber rope 8 to deform it. Under its own elasticity, the bent section of the fiber rope 8, which was originally pressed by the secondary ratchet 7, gradually straightens and forms a relatively straight section close to the guide block 6. At this time, the main ratchet 4 has been unlocked, the secondary ratchet 7 moves upward and disengages, and the fiber rope 8 can move. Since the secondary ratchet 7 no longer presses on the fiber rope 8, the resistance during retraction is greatly reduced, making it easier and faster for the fiber rope 8 to retract.

[0037] Furthermore, since the first pawl 5 is unlocked by moving upwards rather than by flipping, when the first pawl 5 moves downwards to reset, the outer ratchet 41 tooth groove may misalign with the first pawl 5, resulting in inaccurate engagement. Therefore, an auxiliary engagement structure consisting of a reverse ratchet 46 and a second pawl 47 is provided inside the first wheel body 42: when the movable plate 31 moves upwards, it synchronously drives the second pawl 47 to slide on the mounting block 45 via the slider 34 through the extension plate 32, allowing the second pawl 47 to engage with the reverse ratchet 46. At this time, although the main ratchet turntable 4 has released the lock of the outer ratchet 41, the cooperation of the reverse ratchet 46 and the second pawl 47 allows the first pawl 47 to engage with the second pawl 46. The wheel body 42 remains in the meshing and limiting state. Since the outer ratchet 41 and the reverse ratchet 46 are locked in opposite directions, the fiber rope 8 can be retracted smoothly, but cannot be pulled outwards freely. At the same time, since it is still in a meshing relationship, when the main ratchet turntable 4 stops rotating, based on the cooperation of the reverse ratchet 46 and the second pawl 47, the rotation amplitude of the main ratchet turntable 4 can be limited, so that the tooth groove of the outer ratchet 41 is always kept within the approximate range that matches the first pawl 5. In this way, when the first pawl 5 and the secondary ratchet turntable 7 move down synchronously with the movable plate 31, the first pawl 5 can re-establish a precise meshing cooperation with the outer ratchet 41 under the action of the return spring 10, and quickly restore the locking function.

[0038] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention.

Claims

1. A self-locking device for ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber rope, comprising a housing (1), a fixed handle (2) provided on the housing (1), a main ratchet turntable (4) rotatably mounted inside the housing (1), and a first pawl (5) provided inside the housing (1), wherein the first pawl (5) is adapted to the main ratchet turntable (4), characterized in that, The outer shell (1) is also provided with a secondary ratchet turntable (7), and a curved track for the fiber rope (8) to pass through is formed between the secondary ratchet turntable (7) and the main ratchet turntable (4); It also includes an unlocking mechanism (3) disposed inside the housing (1). The unlocking mechanism (3) includes a movable plate (31) slidably mounted inside the housing (1), and a first pawl (5) and a secondary ratchet turntable (7) are both disposed on the movable plate (31). The main ratchet turntable (4) includes a first wheel body (42) rotatably mounted on the housing (1). An outer ratchet (41) is disposed on the outer wall of the first wheel body (42). A first grinding tooth (43) is evenly distributed on the outer wall of the first wheel body (42). The secondary ratchet turntable (7) includes a second wheel body (71) rotatably mounted on the outer wall of the movable plate (31). A second grinding tooth (76) is evenly distributed on the outer wall of the second wheel body (71). The outer casing (1) is provided with a guide block (6), and the guide block (6) is located between the main ratchet turntable (4) and the secondary ratchet turntable (7); The unlocking mechanism (3) further includes an adjusting screw (33) rotatably installed inside the housing (1), one end of the adjusting screw (33) is provided with a hand adjustment wheel (36), and the movable plate (31) is provided with a threaded engagement part (35) that is threadedly engaged with the adjusting screw (33). The second wheel body (71) has a second mounting groove (73) on one side, and a second inner ratchet (72) is provided on the inner wall of the second mounting groove (73). A fixed shaft (75) is provided on one side of the movable plate (31), and the fixed shaft (75) extends into the second mounting groove (73). A third pawl (74) is provided on the outer wall of the fixed shaft (75), and the third pawl (74) is adapted to the second inner ratchet (72).

2. The ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber rope self-locking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second friction-enhancing tooth (76) is configured as an elastic structure.

3. The ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber rope self-locking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main ratchet turntable (4) has a first mounting groove (44) on one side, and a reverse ratchet (46) is provided in the first mounting groove (44). An extension plate (32) is provided on one side of the movable plate (31), and the extension plate (32) extends into the first mounting groove (44). A second pawl (47) is provided at one end of the extension plate (32).

4. The ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber rope self-locking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer ratchet (41) and the second inner ratchet (72) are locked in the same direction.

5. The ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber rope self-locking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer ratchet (41) and the reverse ratchet (46) are configured to lock in the opposite direction.

6. The ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber rope self-locking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first pawl (5), the second inner ratchet (72) and the third pawl (74) each include a rotatable pawl portion (9) and a pair of return springs (10).

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