Fabricated anti-seismic building frame and anti-seismic damping structural member

Abstract

The invention discloses an assembly type anti-seismic building frame and an anti-seismic damping structural member. The assembly type anti-seismic building frame comprises multiple sets of building frames and assembly parts used for connecting the multiple sets of building frames. The building frame comprises two columns, a cross beam and an anti-seismic damping structural member, and the anti-seismic damping structural member comprises a sliding damping member and a wave damping member for deformation seismic resistance through sliding of the sliding damping member; the wave damping part comprises a sliding assembly, at least one telescopic assembly arranged on the sliding assembly and a butt joint block used for fixedly connecting the sliding assembly with the column body and the cross beam. The damping fluid in the liquid cavity is triggered to flow through sliding cushioning of the sliding damping part during an earthquake, so that the second liquid bag rod is driven to stretch out and draw back to control the telescopic assembly to protrude outwards, the wave damping part forms wave path cushioning, and the wave damping part recovers to the rigid state to stabilize the frame during non-earthquake.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of prefabricated building, in particular to a prefabricated anti-seismic building frame and an anti-seismic damping structural member. BACKGROUND

[0002] Prefabricated buildings have become an important direction of global building industry modernization transformation due to their industrialized production, fast construction, controllable quality, energy saving and environmental protection and other outstanding advantages. This building method transfers a large number of on-site operations to the factory, and assembles by prefabricating standardized components on the construction site, which significantly improves engineering efficiency and quality. However, the seismic performance of prefabricated buildings has always been a key factor affecting their promotion and application, especially in earthquake-prone areas.

[0003] Prefabricated structure forms, such as unbonded prestressed prefabricated frame, hybrid connection prefabricated concrete frame, prefabricated structural steel fiber reinforced high-strength concrete frame, and assembled monolithic steel reinforced concrete frame. Compared with traditional cast-in-place structures, the seismic performance of prefabricated building structures is highly dependent on the connection performance between components, including strength, stiffness, and deformation capacity.

[0004] Historical seismic damage investigations show that unreasonable design and poor connection performance often lead to poor performance of prefabricated buildings in earthquakes. In past earthquakes, the damage of many frame structures was concentrated in the beam-column joints, and the serious damage of the joints would lead to the loss of economic value of structure repair, and even cause consecutive collapse. SUMMARY

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a prefabricated anti-seismic building frame and an anti-seismic damping structural member.

[0006] The technical scheme of the present application is: a prefabricated anti-seismic building frame, comprising a plurality of building frames and a prefabricated part for connecting the plurality of building frames; The building frame comprises two vertically arranged columns, a cross beam connecting the two columns, and two groups of anti-seismic damping structural members arranged one by one on the corresponding columns; the anti-seismic damping structural member comprises a sliding damping member for sliding anti-seismic and a wave damping member for deforming anti-seismic by sliding of the sliding damping member; The wave damping member comprises a sliding assembly, at least one set of telescopic assembly arranged on the sliding assembly, and a butt joint block for fixed connection of the sliding assembly with the column and the cross beam, respectively; The sliding assembly is composed of a plurality of sliding pipes, a positioning rod arranged between adjacent two sliding pipes and spaced and slidingly sleeved; The telescopic assembly is composed of a plurality of limiting plates and deformable plates arranged between adjacent two limiting plates; the limiting plates are in one-to-one correspondence with the sliding pipes and are fixedly connected with the sliding pipes through connecting rods; and the deformable plates are in one-to-one correspondence with the positioning rods and are fixedly connected with the positioning rods through third liquid chamber rods. The liquid cavity of the sliding damping member is provided with a pipeline in communication with the second liquid chamber rod for driving the second liquid chamber rod to extend and retract to control the deformation of the deformable plate.

[0007] Further, the connection between the cross beam and the column is provided with a triangular plate, the triangular plate is provided with a support rod vertically connected to one end of the triangular plate, the other end of the support rod is provided with a sleeve arranged on the telescopic assembly, the sleeve is provided with an annular liquid chamber and a pull rope arranged on the telescopic assembly, the pull rope is arranged through the support rod and fixedly connected with the triangular plate at two ends, and one end of the support rod is fixedly connected with the column and the cross beam through an extension plate.

[0008] Description: When the frame is subjected to earthquake action, the three sides of the triangular plate restrict each other to uniformly disperse the external force to the beam and the column, effectively avoiding brittle failure caused by local stress concentration; the design of the triangular plate allows a certain plastic deformation of the structure under the action of the earthquake, ensuring that the seismic energy is dissipated through the plastic deformation of the components; and the telescopic assembly is extruded to squeeze the inner annular surface of the annular liquid chamber during the earthquake, so that the inner annular surface of the annular liquid chamber expands to drive the pull rope to tighten, on the one hand the annular liquid chamber provides damping and seismic resistance, and on the other hand it can also strengthen the overall stability of the building frame.

[0009] Further, the sliding damping member includes a support block arranged below the column, an ear plate arranged on the column and the support block, and a viscous damper for connecting the two ear plates, the piston rod of the viscous damper is hinged to the ear plate located on the support block, the oil cylinder of the viscous damper is hinged to the ear plate located on the column, a first liquid chamber rod is arranged between the oil cylinder and the piston rod, and the liquid cavity is located in the first liquid chamber rod.

[0010] Description: The viscous damper converts the huge kinetic energy input into the structure by the friction and throttling effect of the internal viscous fluid into heat energy and dissipates it, so that the energy transmitted to the main load-bearing components such as beams and columns is greatly reduced, thereby effectively reducing the risk of serious damage or even collapse of the main structure in the earthquake; and the reciprocating motion of the piston rod in the viscous damper drives the telescopic assembly to be driven to extend and deform, dispersing the impact force in all directions, and the wave structure formed can absorb a large amount of seismic energy through its bending and straightening changes to resist earthquakes.

[0011] Further, the assembly includes a steel plate for connecting the column of the building frame located below and the support block of the building frame located above, and bolts for connecting the steel plate and the column and the steel plate and the support block, and two transversely adjacent cross beams of the building frame are connected through the same column.

[0012] Description: The longitudinally assembled building frame is connected by steel plates to connect the vertical components into a whole, realize effective force flow transmission; the transverse building frame is simplified by sharing column body to enhance the overall stability; and the number of vertical columns is reduced to release the indoor space; the connecting piece is designed compactly without occupying too much space.

[0013] Further, the support block is provided with a plurality of first spring rods fixedly connected with the column body.

[0014] Description: The first spring rod can assist the connection stability and support stability between the support block and the column body, ensure the stability of the overall frame under non-seismic conditions, and can work cooperatively with the viscous damper to form a staged energy dissipation mechanism, and can effectively pull the column body back to the initial position after the earthquake to reduce the residual deformation of the overall building frame structure.

[0015] Further, the two abutment blocks are connected with the column body and the cross beam respectively through a hinge piece; the hinge piece comprises a connecting plate arranged on the side wall of the column body or the side wall of the cross beam and a screw rod arranged on the abutment block, and the screw rod penetrates through the connecting plate at both ends and is sleeved with a nut.

[0016] Description: Under the action of earthquake, the hinge piece transmits the tension or pressure received by the positioning rod to the column body or the cross beam to form a stable force transmission path; and compared with rigid connection, the hinge piece can allow the connection part to rotate when stressed to release the bending moment constraint; and through the arrangement of the hinge piece, the abutment block can deform coordinately with the main structure, remain stable in normal use state, release part of the constraint by rotating under the action of earthquake, and reduce the internal force concentration of the structure.

[0017] Further, the nut is provided with a protrusion, and the column body or the cross beam is provided with a first air bag rod for contacting one side of the protrusion and a second spring rod fixedly connected with the other side of the protrusion; A second air bag rod connecting the two deformable plates is arranged between the two adjacent deformable plates, the air outlet of the second air bag rod is communicated with the air inlet of the first air bag rod through an air outlet pipe, and the air inlet of the second air bag rod is communicated with the external environment; The first air bag rod is provided with a pressure sensor, and the air outlet of the first air bag rod is provided with a pressure relief valve for air exhaust reset of the first air bag rod, and the pressure sensor is electrically connected with the pressure relief valve through a PLC control system.

[0018] Description: When the earthquake occurs, the two adjacent deformable plates extend to extrude the second air bag rod to make the first air bag rod elongate, under the gas transmission for many times, the first air bag rod gradually pushes the convex block to make the nut loose, and the hinged point starts to consume energy; the design converts mechanical movement into pressure change, and then drives the actuator through the pressure to realize multi-stage transmission and conversion of energy; the pressure sensor monitors the pressure change in the first air bag rod in real time, after the earthquake ends, the system can automatically release pressure, the second spring rod drives the convex block and the nut to reset, and the hinged point is automatically fastened.

[0019] Further, the two groups of anti-seismic damping structural members are symmetrically arranged with the cross beam as the axis.

[0020] Description: The symmetric arrangement makes the stiffness and mass distribution of the structure uniform in the main shaft direction, realizes the triple coincidence of the plane centroid, mass center and stiffness center, and meets the basic principle of seismic design; the symmetric arrangement makes the strength and stiffness distribution of the lateral force resisting member uniform along the main shaft direction, and the structure has good coordination ability, under the action of the earthquake, the stress of each component is relatively balanced, and brittle failure caused by local stress concentration does not occur.

[0021] Further, the top of the column is provided with a groove for reinforcing connection with the support block of the building frame located above.

[0022] Description: The support block is embedded in the column top groove, so that the force generated by the earthquake or vertical load is first transmitted directly through the contact surface between the groove side wall and the support block, instead of relying on the shear resistance of the bolt. This significantly increases the shear area and bearing capacity of the joint.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the present application are: (1) The anti-seismic damping structure designed in the application can absorb and dissipate a large amount of seismic energy input into a structure through the viscous friction of internal liquid in a viscous damper during an earthquake, and then transmit the extension and contraction of a first liquid capsule rod to the extension and contraction assembly of a wave damping member by the movement of a piston rod, so that the first liquid capsule rod and the second liquid capsule rod generate damping force in the extension and contraction process, further dissipating energy; and the liquid capsule rod structure drives the extension and contraction assembly to be driven to extend and deform, so that the impact force is dispersed in all directions, and the deformable plate can absorb a large amount of seismic energy through the bending and straightening changes when deforming under the action of an earthquake, and the design has greater deformation capacity and energy dissipation efficiency compared with a flat steel plate; and the anti-seismic damping structure enables the wave structure to work as a whole under the action of an earthquake, avoiding local stress concentration; the anti-seismic building frame designed under the anti-seismic damping structure greatly reduces the damage of the earthquake to the building frame because the seismic energy is effectively dissipated by the sliding damping member and the wave damping member, thereby significantly reducing the damage of the earthquake to the building frame and effectively preventing the collapse of the building under strong earthquakes; and the viscous damper and the deformable plate have strong elastic recovery capacity after being stressed, which can make the residual deformation of the building after the earthquake very small.

[0024] (2) The triangular plate, the support rod and the tightening pull rope by the deformation of the extension and contraction assembly designed to strengthen the connection strength of the column and the beam enable the support rod, the column, the beam and the wave damping member to form a triangular area, further strengthening the overall stability of the frame; and when the frame is subjected to the action of an earthquake, the three edges of the triangular plate restrict each other to uniformly disperse the external force to the beam and the column, effectively avoiding brittle failure caused by local stress concentration; the design of the triangular plate allows the structure to produce a certain plastic deformation under the action of an earthquake, ensuring that the seismic energy is dissipated through the plastic deformation of the components; and the extension and contraction assembly extrudes the inner annular surface of the annular liquid capsule during an earthquake, so that the inner annular surface expands to tighten the pull rope, thereby strengthening the overall anti-seismic stability of the building frame.

[0025] (3) The butt joint block is hinged to the column and the beam, the adjacent two deformable plates extend to extrude the second gas capsule rod to elongate the first gas capsule rod, the first gas capsule rod continuously elongates under the gas transmission for multiple times, thereby gradually pushing the protrusion to loosen the nut, and the hinge point starts to dissipate energy; this design converts mechanical movement into gas pressure change, and then drives the actuator through the gas pressure, thereby realizing multi-stage transmission and conversion of energy; the pressure sensor monitors the gas pressure change in the first gas capsule rod in real time, and after the earthquake ends, the system can automatically release pressure to reset the second spring rod, the protrusion and the nut, thereby realizing automatic fastening of the hinge point. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 is the overall assembly structure diagram of the fabricated anti-seismic building frame of the application; Figure 2is an internal structure diagram of the anti-seismic damping structural member of the present application; Figure 3 is a local structure diagram of the wave damping member in a normal state of embodiment 1 of the fabricated anti-seismic building frame of the present application; Figure 4 is a local structure diagram of the wave damping member in a seismic state of embodiment 1 of the fabricated anti-seismic building frame of the present application; Figure 5 is a whole structure diagram of embodiment 2 of the fabricated anti-seismic building frame of the present application; Figure 6 is an internal structure diagram of the sleeve of the fabricated anti-seismic building frame of the present application; Figure 7 is a whole structure diagram of embodiment 3 of the fabricated anti-seismic building frame of the present application; Figure 8 is a local structure diagram of the wave damping member in a seismic state of embodiment 3 of the fabricated anti-seismic building frame of the present application; Wherein, 1-sliding damping member, 11-supporting block, 12-viscous damper, 121-piston rod, 122-oil cylinder, 13-ear plate, 14-first liquid bag rod, 15-first spring rod, 2-column, 21-triangle plate, 22-supporting rod, 23-steel plate, 24-bolt, 25-connecting plate, 3-cross beam, 4-wave damping member, 41-positioning plate, 411-butting block, 42-limiting plate, 421-connecting rod, 43-deformable plate, 44-second liquid bag rod, 45-sliding tube, 46-sleeve, 461-annular liquid bag, 462-pull rope, 463-extended plate, 464-second air bag rod, 47-nut, 471-screw rod, 48-bump, 481-first air bag rod, 482-second spring rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present application will be further described in detail below in combination with specific embodiments to better embody the advantages of the present application.

[0028] Embodiment 1: A fabricated anti-seismic building frame, as shown in the figure, comprises a plurality of building frames and a fabricated part for connecting the plurality of building frames; Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the building frame comprises two vertically arranged columns 2, a cross beam 3 connecting the two columns 2 and two sets of anti-seismic damping structural members arranged one by one on the corresponding columns 2; the anti-seismic damping structural member comprises a sliding damping member 1 for sliding anti-seismic and a wave damping member 4 for deformation anti-seismic by sliding of the sliding damping member 1; the two sets of anti-seismic damping structural members are symmetrically arranged with the cross beam 3 as the axis; As shown in the figure, the building frame comprises two vertically arranged columns 2, a cross beam 3 connecting the two columns 2 and two sets of anti-seismic damping structural members arranged one by one on the corresponding columns 2; the anti-seismic damping structural member comprises a sliding damping member 1 for sliding anti-seismic and a wave damping member 4 for deformation anti-seismic by sliding of the sliding damping member 1; the two sets of anti-seismic damping structural members are symmetrically arranged with the cross beam 3 as the axis; Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the building frame comprises two vertically arranged columns 2, a cross beam 3 connecting the two columns 2 and two sets of anti-seismic damping structural members arranged one by one on the corresponding columns 2; the anti-seismic damping structural member comprises a sliding damping member 1 for sliding anti-seismic and a wave damping member 4 for deformation anti-seismic by sliding of the sliding damping member 1; the two sets of anti-seismic damping structural members are symmetrically arranged with the cross beam 3 as the axis; As shown in the figure, the building frame comprises two vertically arranged columns 2, a cross beam 3 connecting the two columns 2 and two sets of anti-seismic damping structural members arranged one by one on the corresponding columns 2; the anti-seismic damping structural member comprises a sliding damping member 1 for sliding anti-seismic and a wave damping member 4 for deformation anti-seismic by sliding of the sliding damping member 1; the two sets of anti-seismic damping structural members are symmetrically arranged with the cross beam 3 as the axis; Figure 3As shown, the wave damping member 4 comprises a sliding assembly, at least one set of telescopic assemblies arranged on the sliding assembly, and a butt block 411 for fixing the sliding assembly to the column 2 and the cross beam 3, respectively; As shown, Figure 3 The sliding assembly is composed of several sliding tubes 45 and positioning rods 41 arranged between adjacent two sliding tubes 45. As shown, Figure 3 and Figure 4 The telescopic assembly is composed of several limiting plates 42 and deformable plates 43 arranged between adjacent two limiting plates 42. The limiting plate 42 corresponds to the sliding tube 45 and is fixedly connected to the sliding tube 45 through a connecting rod 421. The deformable plate 43 corresponds to the positioning rod 41 and is fixedly connected to the positioning rod 41 through a third liquid chamber rod 44. The deformable plate 43 can be made of YG8 alloy plate. As shown, Figure 2 The liquid cavity of the sliding damping member 1 is provided with a pipeline in communication with the second liquid chamber rod 44 for driving the second liquid chamber rod 44 to extend or retract and control the deformation of the deformable plate 43. As shown, Figure 1 and Figure 2 The sliding damping member 1 comprises a support block 11 arranged below the column 1, an ear plate 13 arranged on the column 1 and the support block 11, and a viscous damper 12 for connecting the two ear plates 13. The lower end of the piston rod 121 of the viscous damper 12 is hinged to the ear plate 13 on the support block 11, and the upper end of the oil cylinder 122 of the viscous damper 12 is hinged to the ear plate 13 on the column 1. The support block 11 is provided with four first spring rods 15 fixedly connected to the column 1. The first liquid chamber rod 14 is arranged between the oil cylinder 122 and the piston rod 121, and the liquid cavity is located in the first liquid chamber rod 14. The liquid in the first liquid chamber rod 14 is silicone oil. As shown, Figure 1 The assembly member comprises a steel plate 23 for connecting the column 1 of the lower building frame and the support block 11 of the upper building frame, and a bolt 24 for connecting the steel plate 23 and the column 1 and the steel plate 23 and the support block 11. Two transversely adjacent cross beams 3 of the building frame are connected by the same column 1, and the top of the column 2 is provided with a groove for strengthening the connection with the support block 11 of the building frame located above.

[0029] The working principle of the assembled anti-seismic building frame is as follows: when an earthquake occurs, the building frame shakes, the piston rod 121 of the viscous damper 12 reciprocates to dampen the shock, thereby reciprocally compressing and stretching the first liquid capsule rod 14, the liquid flow generated by the expansion and contraction of the first liquid capsule rod 14 is transmitted to the second liquid capsule rod 44 through the pipeline, so that the second liquid capsule rod 44 also shrinks and extends, and the extension of the second liquid capsule rod 44 drives the outer extension of the deformable plate 43, thereby driving the two adjacent limiting plates 42 on both sides of each deformable plate 43 to move close to each other, so that the limiting plates 42 drive the sliding pipe 45 to slide on the positioning rod 41 through the connecting rod 421 to adapt to the change in spacing; thereby the wave damper presents a wave structure feature, and the wave damper as a whole is in a contracted state, thereby providing further tightening force to the beam 3 and the column 2 and strengthening the connection between the beam 3 and the column 2; and the limiting plates 42 provide rigid support, thereby realizing the combination of structural support and deformation damping in an earthquake. After the earthquake ends, the first liquid capsule rod 14 returns to its original state, and the deformable plate 43 returns to its original state under the restoring force of the deformable plate 43 and the contraction of the second liquid capsule rod 44, and the limiting plates 42 slide back to their original positions, so that the wave damper returns to a straight state from a wavy state, thereby providing rigid support to the building frame in a non-seismic condition; thereby the entire building frame is reset.

[0030] Embodiment 2: The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that, as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6 , a triangular plate 21 is arranged at the connection between the beam 3 and the column 2, the triangular plate 21 is provided with a support rod 22 vertically arranged at one end thereof, the other end of the support rod 22 is provided with a sleeve 46 sleeved on the telescopic assembly, it can be understood that the sleeving width of the sleeve 46 = the total length of the two deformable plates 43, the sleeve 46 is provided with an annular liquid capsule 461 and a pull rope 462 for sleeving on the telescopic assembly, the pull rope 462 is respectively arranged through the support rod 22 and fixedly connected with the triangular plate 21, and the support rod 22 is fixedly connected with the column 2 and the beam 3 through an extension plate 463.

[0031] The working principle of this embodiment is different from that of embodiment 2, when the deformable plate 43 of the telescopic assembly extends outward, it will squeeze the inner ring surface of the annular liquid capsule 461 in the sleeve 46, thereby expanding the diameter of the inner ring surface of the annular liquid capsule 461, so that the pull rope 462 is tensioned, and the tension generated at both ends of the pull rope 462 is transmitted to the triangular plate 21 through the support rod 22, thereby providing a tightening force to the triangular plate 21 towards the wave damper, thereby providing a tightening force to the entire building frame, thereby enhancing the anti-seismic stability of the entire building frame.

[0032] Embodiment 3: The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 2 is that, as shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, two said docking blocks 411 are connected with the column 2 and the beam 3 through hinges respectively; the hinge comprises a connecting plate 24 arranged on the side wall of the column 2 or the beam 3 and a screw rod 471 arranged on the docking block 411, the screw rod 471 penetrates through the connecting plate 25 at both ends and is sleeved with a nut 47; As shown in the drawings, Figure 7 The nut 47 is provided with a protrusion 48, and the column 2 or the beam 3 is provided with a first air bag rod 481 in contact with one side of the protrusion 48 and a second spring rod 482 fixedly connected with the other side of the protrusion 48; As shown in the drawings, Figure 8 A second air bag rod 464 connecting the two deformable plates 43 is arranged between the two adjacent deformable plates 43, the air outlet of the second air bag rod 464 is communicated with the air inlet of the first air bag rod 481 through an air outlet pipe, and the air inlet of the second air bag rod 464 is communicated with the external environment. The first air bag rod 481 is provided with a pressure sensor, and the air outlet of the first air bag rod 481 is provided with a pressure relief valve for air release reset of the first air bag rod 481, and the pressure sensor is electrically connected with the pressure relief valve through a PLC control system; the pressure sensor, the pressure relief valve and the PLC control system are all commercially available devices.

[0033] The working principle of the embodiment is different from that of embodiment 3. During an earthquake, the deformable plate 43 extends outwardly, so that the second air bag rod 464 clamped between the two deformable plates 43 is compressed, and the first air bag rod 481 is elongated. Under the reciprocating action, the second air bag rod 464 continuously inflates the first air bag rod 481, and the first air bag rod 481 gradually drives the protrusion 48 and the nut 47 to rotate, so that the hinge joint of the docking block 411 and the connecting plate 25 is slightly loosened, and the structural deformation is converted from the bending deformation of the member to the rotational deformation of the node. This deformation mode has better ductility and energy dissipation capacity, can significantly reduce the overall stiffness of the structure, prolong the vibration period of the structure, and thus reduce the influence of the earthquake on the structure; When the earthquake ends, the pressure sensor senses that the pressure is continuously unchanged for a long time, and then triggers the pressure relief valve to open through the PLC control system, so that the first air bag rod 481 deflates and contracts, and the nut 47 and the protrusion 48 are restored to the fastening state under the elastic restoring force of the second spring rod 482, so as to realize the fastening and stabilizing effect of the building frame in the daily state.

Claims

1. A prefabricated earthquake-resistant building frame, characterized in that, Includes multiple building frames and fittings for connecting the multiple building frames; The building frame includes two vertically arranged columns (2), a crossbeam (3) connecting the two columns (2), and two sets of seismic damping structural components that are arranged one-to-one on the corresponding columns (2); the seismic damping structural components include sliding damping components (1) for sliding seismic resistance and wave damping components (4) for deformation seismic resistance by sliding damping components (1). The wave damping component (4) includes a sliding component, at least one set of telescopic components disposed on the sliding component, and a docking block (411) for fixing the sliding component to the column (2) and the beam (3) respectively. The sliding assembly consists of several sliding tubes (45) and positioning rods (41) spaced apart and slidably fitted between two adjacent sliding tubes (45); The telescopic assembly consists of several limiting plates (42) and deformable plates (43) spaced apart between adjacent limiting plates (42); the limiting plates (42) correspond one-to-one with the sliding tubes (45) and are fixedly connected to the sliding tubes (45) through connecting rods (421); the deformable plates (43) correspond one-to-one with the positioning rods (41) and are fixedly connected to the positioning rods (41) through the third liquid bladder rod (44); The sliding damper (1) has a liquid cavity with a pipe that communicates with the second liquid bladder rod (44) to drive the extension and retraction of the second liquid bladder rod (44) to control the deformation of the deformable plate (43).

2. The prefabricated earthquake-resistant building frame as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A triangular plate (21) is provided at the connection between the crossbeam (3) and the column (2). A support rod (22) with one end perpendicular to the triangular plate (21) is provided on the triangular plate (21). A sleeve (46) is provided at the other end of the support rod (22) and fitted onto the telescopic assembly. An annular liquid bladder (461) and a pull rope (462) are provided inside the sleeve (46) for fitting onto the telescopic assembly. The two ends of the pull rope (462) pass through the support rod (22) and are fixedly connected to the triangular plate (21). One end of the support rod (22) is fixedly connected to the column (2) and the crossbeam (3) through an extension plate (463).

3. A prefabricated earthquake-resistant building frame as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The sliding damping component (1) includes a support block (11) disposed below the column (1), an ear plate (13) disposed on the column (1) and the support block (11), and a viscous damper (12) for connecting the two ear plates (13). The piston rod (121) of the viscous damper (12) is hinged to the ear plate (13) located on the support block (11), and the cylinder (122) of the viscous damper (12) is hinged to the ear plate (13) located on the column (1). A first liquid bladder rod (14) is provided between the cylinder (122) and the piston rod (121), and the liquid chamber is located inside the first liquid bladder rod (14).

4. A prefabricated earthquake-resistant building frame as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The assembly includes a steel plate (23) for connecting the column (1) of the lower building frame and the support block (11) of the upper building frame, and bolts (24) for connecting the steel plate (23) and the column (1), the steel plate (23) and the support block (11), and the crossbeams (3) of two horizontally adjacent building frames are connected by the same column (1).

5. A prefabricated earthquake-resistant building frame as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The support block (11) is provided with several first spring rods (15) that are fixedly connected to the column (1).

6. A prefabricated earthquake-resistant building frame as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The two connecting blocks (411) are connected to the column (2) and the crossbeam (3) respectively by hinges; the hinges include a connecting plate (25) provided on the side wall of the column (2) or the side wall of the crossbeam (3) and a screw (471) provided on the connecting block (411), the two ends of the screw (471) passing through the connecting plate (25) and fitted with nuts (47).

7. A prefabricated earthquake-resistant building frame as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The nut (47) is provided with a protrusion (48), and the column (2) or the crossbeam (3) is provided with a first airbag rod (481) for contacting one side of the protrusion (48) and a second spring rod (482) fixedly connected to the other side of the protrusion (48). A second airbag rod (464) is provided between two adjacent deformable plates (43) to connect the two deformable plates (43). The air outlet of the second airbag rod (464) is connected to the air inlet of the first airbag rod (481) through an air outlet pipe. The air inlet of the second airbag rod (464) is connected to the external environment. A pressure sensor is provided on the first airbag rod (481), and a pressure relief valve for depressurizing and resetting the first airbag rod (481) is provided on the air outlet of the first airbag rod (481). The pressure sensor is electrically connected to the pressure relief valve through a PLC control system.

8. A prefabricated earthquake-resistant building frame as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The two sets of earthquake-resistant damping structural components are arranged symmetrically about the crossbeam (3).

9. A prefabricated earthquake-resistant building frame as described in any one of claims 2, characterized in that, The top of the column (2) is provided with a groove for reinforced connection with the support block (11) of the building frame located above it.

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