Novel method for preventing and treating water burst of deeply-buried reverse slope tunnel

Abstract

The invention discloses a novel method for preventing and treating water burst of a deeply-buried reverse-slope tunnel. The novel method comprises the following steps that firstly, advanced waterproof grouting is conducted on a water-rich area of the deeply-buried reverse-slope tunnel; 2, digging and building construction is conducted on an excavation face, and if water burst suddenly occurs in the excavation process of the deeply-buried reverse slope tunnel, the step 3 is conducted; thirdly, the gushing water in the second step is guided into a water collecting pool in the tunnel; 4, in a non-water-rich area outside the tunnel and outside the influence range of the water area of the tunnel, a position is selected as a drainage injection and drainage area, the drainage injection and drainage area comprises a flat ground settling pond and a water injection area which are connected, the flat ground settling pond and a water collecting pond, and gushing water in the water collecting pond is treated and received; and the treated gushing water is injected into the water injection area. According to the method, the problem of gushing water discharge is solved through advanced water prevention, treatment in case of gushing water and injection of gushing water into stratum surrounding rock fractures.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of tunnel gushing water treatment, and particularly relates to a new method for gushing water prevention and treatment of deep buried reverse slope tunnel. BACKGROUND

[0002] The geological conditions of tunnel construction are becoming more and more complex, which not only faces a large buried depth (more than 500m), but also faces the risk of sudden mud gushing in the tunnel, which also means that the gushing water emergency treatment of deep buried reverse slope tunnel has become a major construction difficulty, mainly including the following points: The water-rich area is widely distributed, and the sudden gushing water has a large water volume. The construction of deep buried reverse slope tunnel passes through many water-rich fracture zones, water-rich alteration zones and other adverse geologies. Once the construction is improper, sudden gushing water may occur, and the fissure water flowing into the tunnel instantaneously is extremely large.

[0003] The prevention of tunnel gushing water not only needs to be treated, but also needs to carry out the operation of prevention. The combination of prevention and treatment fundamentally solves the problem of deep buried tunnel gushing water emergency treatment; The energy consumption of gushing water drainage is high. For the drainage construction of deep buried reverse slope tunnel gushing water, a large water pump is currently used to drain water out of the hole through an ultra-long thick water pipe. Due to the actual situation of large buried depth, long transportation distance, large total drainage volume and the like, a large amount of electric energy is consumed to maintain the normal operation of the water pump; The conventional drainage operation efficiency is low, and the maintenance cost is high. The tunnel water contains a large amount of fine particles, which often collides with the drainage pipeline during transportation. Long time and long distance reverse slope drainage may cause pipeline wear and leakage, which directly affects the overall drainage efficiency. Further, the equipment pipeline maintenance is difficult, the maintenance time is long, and the maintenance is frequent, which ultimately leads to high maintenance cost; The safety control requirement of deep buried reverse slope tunnel excavation construction is extremely high. For the deep buried reverse slope tunnel gushing water emergency treatment, the on-site construction method still has some unreasonable places, which cannot effectively solve the multiple difficult problems faced by gushing water. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a new method for gushing water prevention and treatment of deep buried reverse slope tunnel, which solves the gushing water discharge problem by advanced waterproofing, gushing water treatment and gushing water pressure injection into the surrounding rock fissure.

[0005] The present application adopts the following technical scheme: a new method for gushing water prevention and treatment of deep buried reverse slope tunnel, comprising the following steps: Step one, advanced waterproofing grouting of deep buried reverse slope tunnel water-rich area; Step two, excavation and lining construction. If gushing water occurs during the excavation process of deep buried reverse slope tunnel, step three is performed. Step three, the water inrush in step two is introduced into the water collecting pool in the tunnel; Step four, in the non-rich water area outside the tunnel and outside the influence range of the tunnel water area, a drainage discharge area is selected, which includes a connected flat sedimentation tank and a water injection area, the flat sedimentation tank is connected with the water collecting pool, and the water in the water collecting pool is treated and connected; the treated water inrush is injected into the water injection area.

[0006] Further, the drainage discharge area is a rectangular protrusion, a flat sedimentation tank is arranged at the rear end area of the protrusion, and the flat sedimentation tank comprises filter rooms and mud pump rooms at different levels from left to right; the filter rooms are at a high level, and the mud pump rooms are at a low level; wherein: The filter room comprises a water inlet channel, a water distribution channel, a first filter area and a water storage bin arranged in sequence from left to right on the same level; The water inlet channel and the water distribution channel are adjacent and are rectangular spaces enclosed by vertical walls, and share a first vertical wall at the adjacent position; a water outlet is formed in the right end vertical wall of the water distribution channel to realize water flow out or closure; The right end of the water distribution channel is a buffer area for receiving water flowing into the water distribution channel.

[0007] Further, the water distribution channel and the buffer area are connected by a common buffer vertical wall, the buffer vertical wall is V-shaped with an opening facing the buffer area, and comprises front and rear walls connecting the water distribution channel and the buffer area, and an extension vertical wall extending to the right rear end of the front and rear walls; the first water inlet flower wall for enclosing the right side of the buffer area is front and rear, and the rear end thereof intersects with the extension vertical wall at an acute angle; a plurality of first water inlet flower wall openings are formed in the first water inlet flower wall; in the buffer area, the intersection of the extension vertical wall and the water inlet flower wall is an acute angle, and in the process of receiving water inrush in the buffer area, the sediment in the water inrush settles in the acute angle area.

[0008] Further, the right end of the first water inlet flower wall is provided with a second water inlet flower wall which is front and rear, a plurality of second water inlet flower wall openings are formed in the second water inlet flower wall, and a water storage bin is arranged behind the second water inlet flower wall; the second water inlet flower wall openings are used for guiding water into the water storage bin.

[0009] Further, the rear sides of the first water inlet flower wall and the second water inlet flower wall are connected by a double-opening and closing sludge door.

[0010] Further, the mud pump room is located below the double-opening and closing sludge door. When the double-opening and closing sludge door is opened, the sludge falls into the mud pump room below, and a mud pump is arranged in the mud pump room to suck and discharge the sludge.

[0011] Further, the left and right side walls of the boss are horizontal water injection operation areas, a plurality of horizontal grouting pipes are arranged in the horizontal operation areas, each horizontal grouting pipe is arranged horizontally, and an end thereof is connected with a grouting machine; a grout inlet of the grouting machine is connected with a pipeline of the water storage bin, and water is injected into the surrounding rock of the boss in a horizontal direction; The front side wall of the boss is a radial water injection operation surface, a plurality of radial grouting pipes are arranged on the radial water injection operation surface, each radial grouting pipe is arranged horizontally, and an end thereof is connected with the grouting machine; the grout inlet of the grouting machine is connected with the pipeline of the water storage bin, and water is injected into the surrounding rock of the boss in a horizontal direction. The upper wall surface of the boss is a ground vertical water injection operation surface, vertical grouting pipes are arranged in rows horizontally and in columns vertically on the ground vertical water injection operation surface, an end of each vertical grouting pipe is connected with the grouting machine, and a grout inlet of the grouting machine is connected with the pipeline of the water storage bin; water is injected into the surrounding rock of the boss in a vertical direction.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows: 1. By means of advanced waterproofing, the gushing water is treated and injected into the surrounding rock fissures of the stratum, so that the problem of gushing water discharge is solved. 2. The water inlet flower wall is arranged, and various types of argillaceous materials in the gushing water are separated and deposited through the openings of the flower wall. 3. The mud discharge pump room is arranged, and the argillaceous materials are collected and treated in real time, and then discharged out of the flat sedimentation tank, so that the argillaceous materials are prevented from accumulating. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic view of the flat sedimentation tank. Figure 2 It is a schematic view of the overall construction organization in the water drainage and discharge area. Wherein: a. water collecting tank; 1. water inlet channel; 2. water distribution channel; 3. first filtering area; 4. water storage bin; 5. water inlet pipe; 6. buffer area; 7. first water inlet flower wall; 7-1. first water inlet flower wall opening; 8. second water inlet flower wall; 9. second water inlet flower wall opening; 10. sludge door; 11. mud discharge pump room; 12. horizontal water injection pipe; 13. radial water injection pipe; 14. vertical water injection pipe; 15. flat sedimentation tank; 16. flat guide hole; 17. water pumping guide pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] The present application will be described in detail below in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0015] The present application discloses a new method for gushing water prevention and treatment of deep buried reverse slope tunnel, comprising the following steps: Step one, advanced waterproofing grouting of the water-rich area of the deep buried reverse slope tunnel; Step two, excavation and masonry construction, if gushing water is suddenly encountered during the excavation process of the deep buried reverse slope tunnel, step three is performed. Step three, the gushing water in step two is introduced into the water collecting tank a in the tunnel. Step 4: In a non-water-rich area outside the tunnel and outside the influence range of the tunnel's water area, select a location as drainage and inflow area b. Drainage and inflow area b includes a connected flat sedimentation tank 15 and an inflow area. The flat sedimentation tank 15 and the collection tank a treat and receive the gushing water in the collection tank a; inject the treated gushing water into the inflow area.

[0016] The specific process of step one above is as follows: Advanced geological exploration: Modern geophysical exploration techniques are used to investigate the distribution of water-rich areas in deeply buried reverse-slope tunnels, including the specific distribution of water-rich areas, the structure and properties of the soil and rock masses within the areas, and the amount of water. Common advanced geological exploration methods include transient electromagnetic methods, ground-penetrating radar, and elastic wave reflection methods. After the advanced geological exploration is completed, a grout stop wall of the required thickness is constructed behind the working face based on the exploration results. Several advance test holes are laid out around the outer contour of the excavation within the clear space of the excavation face. Before each drilling, the borehole opening pipe of the advance test hole must be installed one by one. After the anchoring strength reaches the standard, the test hole is drilled until the design depth is reached. Then the water output of the advance test holes is tested in sequence. Advanced waterproof grouting: If the water flow rate of all advance probe boreholes is <30L / min, then only grouting and sealing of the advance probe boreholes is needed to resume excavation and masonry construction; if the water flow rate of any one advance probe borehole is ≥30L / min, or the total water flow rate of several advance probe boreholes is ≥30nL / min, where n is the number of advance probe boreholes, then corresponding waterproof grouting is required, as follows: The grouting scheme is as follows: Within the clear area of ​​the excavation face, multiple advanced grouting holes are arranged in multiple circles around the excavation outline from the outside to the inside. In the excavation direction of the deep buried reverse slope tunnel, the holes are set out horizontally outward in a frustum shape, and it is ensured that the final hole point of the outer ring grouting holes is located 5 to 8 meters outside the excavation outline. Grouting: Based on the principle of skip-hole construction, drilling and water plugging grouting are carried out in sequence. The grouting materials used are high-molecular grouting materials such as sulfate cement, ordinary ultrafine cement, epoxy resin or urea-formaldehyde resin.

[0017] Excavation and masonry work can only resume after the advanced waterproof grouting operation has been completed and inspected and found to be qualified. In steps two and three, if a sudden water inrush occurs during the excavation of a deep-buried reverse slope tunnel, and it is necessary to drain and depressurize it in time, the water inrush will be discharged to the drainage ditches on both sides of the tunnel and flow into the stepped collection pool through the drainage ditches. The specific process of step four is as follows: like Figure 1 and 2 As shown, a drainage and discharge zone is selected in a non-water-rich area outside the tunnel and outside the influence range of the tunnel's water area. The drainage and discharge zone includes a water injection zone connected front and rear and a flat sedimentation tank 15.

[0018] The level sedimentation tank 15, from left to right, includes: a filtration chamber and a sludge pump room at different levels, with the filtration chamber at a higher level and the sludge pump room at a lower level; wherein: The filtration room includes an inlet channel 1, a distribution channel 2, a first filtration zone 3, and a water storage tank 4 arranged from left to right on the same horizontal plane. Water inlet channel 1 and water distribution channel 2 are adjacent to each other, both being rectangular spaces enclosed by walls, and they share the first wall at their adjacent locations; the length of water distribution channel 2 is less than the length of water inlet channel 1. The outer end of water inlet channel 1 is connected to the tunnel water inflow through water inlet pipe 5.

[0019] A drain outlet is provided on the right end wall of the water distribution channel 2. An inlet valve is provided inside the water distribution channel 2 and covering the drain outlet. The inlet outlet is opened or closed by raising or lowering the inlet valve, so that water can flow out or be closed.

[0020] At the right end of the water distribution channel 2 is a buffer zone 6, which is used to receive water flowing into the water distribution channel 2. A common buffer wall connects the water distribution channel 2 and the buffer zone 6. The buffer wall is V-shaped with its opening facing the buffer zone 6. It includes a front-to-back wall connecting the water distribution channel 2 and the buffer zone 6, and an extension wall extending to the right rear of the front-to-back wall. The first water inlet wall 7, which encloses the right side of the buffer zone 6, is front-to-back oriented, and its rear end intersects with the extension wall at an acute angle. Multiple first water inlet wall openings 7-1 are provided on the first water inlet wall 7. In the buffer zone 6, the intersection of the extension wall and the water inlet wall 7 is an acute angle. During the process of the buffer zone 6 receiving the gushing water, the silt in the gushing water settles in the acute angle area during the flow. A second water inlet wall 8, oriented front-to-back, is located at the right end of the first water inlet wall 7. Multiple openings 9 are provided on the second water inlet wall 8. A water storage tank 4 is located behind the second water inlet wall 8, and the openings 9 are used to guide water into the water storage tank 4. The rear sides of the first water inlet wall 7 and the second water inlet wall 8 are connected by a double-opening sludge gate 10. When the gushing water passes through the two walls, the muddy material mixed in the gushing water will separate and settle at the openings of the walls, and then enter the sludge discharge pump room through the sludge gate 10.

[0021] The sludge pump room 11 is located below the double-opening sludge door 10. When the double-opening sludge door 10 is open, sludge falls into the sludge pump room 11 below, where a sludge pump is installed to suck out the sludge.

[0022] The left and right side walls of the boss are horizontal water injection operation areas. Multiple horizontal grouting pipes 12 are set in the horizontal operation areas, and each horizontal grouting pipe 12 is set horizontally. The front sidewall of the boss is a radial water injection working surface. Multiple radial grouting pipes 13 are provided on the radial water injection working surface. Each radial grouting pipe 13 is horizontally arranged and perpendicular to the horizontal grouting pipe 12. The upper wall of the protrusion is the vertical water injection operation surface on the ground. Vertical grouting pipes 14 are arranged in horizontal rows and vertical columns on the vertical water injection operation surface on the ground.

[0023] Multiple horizontal grouting pipes 12 are connected independently or in parallel, with their inlet ends connected to the grouting machine pipeline and the suction end of the grouting machine connected to the pumping interface pipeline of the water storage tank 4. Multiple radial grouting pipes 13 are connected independently or in parallel, with their inlet ends connected to the grouting machine pipeline and the suction end of the grouting machine connected to the pumping interface pipeline of the water storage tank 4. Multiple vertical grouting pipes 14 are connected independently or in parallel, with their inlet ends connected to the grouting machine pipeline and the suction end of the grouting machine connected to the pumping interface pipeline of the water storage tank 4. Each high-pressure grouting machine is equipped with a working pressure gauge, and the pressure gauge value is used to determine whether the water injection is abnormal.

[0024] The sedimentation tank 15 is located within the raised platform area and behind the raised platform. The sedimentation tank 15 is connected to the tunnel via a pilot tunnel 16. Specifically, the side of the pilot tunnel 16 closest to the tunnel is connected to the water storage tank 10 via a pumping pipe 17, pumping water from the storage tank 10 into the sedimentation tank 15. One end of the pilot tunnel 16 connects to the water collection tank a inside the tunnel, and the other end connects to the inlet pipe 5. The other end of the inlet pipe 5 connects to the inlet channel 1. The inner diameter of the inlet pipe 5 is 600mm, and an oil separator is installed inside the inlet pipe 5 to separate oily substances from the gushing water.

[0025] The surrounding rock in the drainage and injection zone is of high quality, highly stable, and has a certain degree of injectability, and can withstand large-area water injection pressure. The space constructed for the drainage and grouting area should not be too large or too small, but should be designed to accommodate the maximum drainage volume. If the space is too large, it will waste construction space and increase the project construction cost; if the space is too small, multiple high-pressure grouting machines will not be able to operate simultaneously, reducing the overall water injection and drainage efficiency.

Claims

1. A novel method for preventing water inrush in deeply buried reverse-slope tunnels, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Pre-waterproofing grouting of the water-rich area in the deep-buried reverse-slope tunnel; Step 2: Excavation and lining construction at the excavation face. If water suddenly surges during the excavation of a deep-buried reverse slope tunnel, proceed to Step 3. Step 3: Drain the gushing water from Step 2 into the water collection tank (a) inside the tunnel; Step 4: In a non-water-rich area outside the tunnel and outside the influence range of the tunnel water area, select a place as a drainage and injection area. The drainage and injection area includes a flat sedimentation tank (15) and a water injection area connected to each other. The flat sedimentation tank (15) is connected to the water collection tank (a) and is used to treat and receive the gushing water in the water collection tank (a). The treated gushing water is injected into the water injection area.

2. A novel method for preventing water inrush in deeply buried reverse-slope tunnels as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The drainage discharge area is a rectangular protrusion. A flat sedimentation tank (15) is set at the rear end of the protrusion. The flat sedimentation tank (15) includes, from left to right: a filter room and a sludge pump room at different levels. The filter room is at a high level, and the sludge pump room is at a low level. The filtration chamber includes an inlet channel (1), a distribution channel (2), a first filtration zone (3), and a water storage tank (4) arranged from left to right on the same horizontal plane. The inlet channel (1) and the distribution channel (2) are adjacent to each other and are rectangular spaces enclosed by walls, and share the first wall at the adjacent location; a water outlet is provided on the right wall of the distribution channel (2) to allow water to flow out or be closed. At the right end of the water distribution channel (2) is a buffer zone (6), which is used to receive water flowing into the water distribution channel (2).

3. A novel method for preventing water inrush in deeply buried reverse-slope tunnels as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The water distribution channel (2) and the buffer zone (6) are connected by a common buffer wall. The buffer wall is V-shaped with its opening facing the buffer zone (6). It includes a front-to-back wall connecting the water distribution channel (2) and the buffer zone (6), and an extension wall extending to the right rear of the front-to-back wall. The first water inlet flower wall (7) used to enclose the right side of the buffer zone (6) is front-to-back oriented, and its rear end intersects with the extension wall at an acute angle. Multiple first water inlet flower wall openings (7-1) are provided on the first water inlet flower wall (7). In the buffer zone (6), the intersection of the extension wall and the water inlet flower wall (7) is an acute angle. During the process of the buffer zone (6) receiving the gushing water, the silt in the gushing water settles in the acute angle area during the flow.

4. A novel method for preventing water inrush in deeply buried reverse-slope tunnels as described in claim 3, characterized in that, A second water inlet wall (8) with a front-to-back orientation is provided at the right end of the first water inlet wall (7). Multiple second water inlet wall openings (9) are provided on the second water inlet wall (8). A water storage tank (4) is located behind the second water inlet wall (8). The second water inlet wall openings (9) are used to guide water into the water storage tank (4).

5. A novel method for preventing water inrush in deeply buried reverse-slope tunnels as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The rear sides of the first water inlet flower wall (7) and the second water inlet flower wall (8) are connected by a double-opening sludge door (10).

6. A novel method for preventing water inrush in deeply buried reverse-slope tunnels as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The sludge pump room (11) is located in the area below the double-opening sludge door (10). When the double-opening sludge door (10) is opened, sludge falls into the sludge pump room (11) below, where a sludge pump is installed to pump out the sludge.

7. A novel method for preventing water inrush in deeply buried reverse-slope tunnels as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The left and right side walls of the protrusion are horizontal water injection operation areas. Multiple horizontal grouting pipes (12) are set in the horizontal operation area. Each horizontal grouting pipe (12) is set horizontally and its end is connected to a grouting machine. The grouting machine's inlet is connected to the water storage tank (4) pipeline to inject water into the surrounding rock of the protrusion in a horizontal direction. The front side wall of the boss is a radial water injection working surface. Multiple radial grouting pipes (13) are set on the radial water injection working surface. Each radial grouting pipe (13) is set horizontally and its end is connected to a grouting machine. The grouting machine's inlet is connected to the water storage tank (4) pipeline to inject water into the surrounding rock of the boss in a horizontal direction. The upper wall of the protrusion is the ground vertical water injection operation surface. Vertical grouting pipes (14) are arranged in horizontal rows and vertical columns on the ground vertical water injection operation surface. The end of the vertical grouting pipe (14) is connected to the grouting machine. The grouting machine inlet is connected to the water storage tank (4) pipeline to inject water vertically into the surrounding rock of the protrusion.

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