Rapid evaluation device and method for desorption energy consumption of carbon dioxide capture absorbent

Abstract

The invention discloses a rapid evaluation device and method for desorption energy consumption of a carbon dioxide capture absorbent, and the method comprises the steps: firstly, using pure water as a reference solution, and calculating the specific heat capacity of a regeneration kettle system through constant-power heating and temperature and electrical parameter collection; then carrying out constant-power desorption on the organic amine pregnant solution loaded with CO2 to be saturated under the same condition, collecting temperature, voltage and current data in real time, and measuring the mass of released CO2; and finally, calculating the energy consumption of the sample after deducting the heat storage of the system through data processing, so as to obtain the desorption energy consumption of unit CO2. The corresponding device comprises a regeneration kettle, a power supply control unit, a data acquisition unit and a gas processing and capturing unit formed by condensation, dehumidification, absorption and weighing. According to the method, desorption energy consumption evaluation and screening can be rapidly and accurately carried out on different absorbents at low cost, and an effective tool is provided for development of low-energy-consumption carbon capture absorbents.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of carbon capture technology, and specifically to a rapid evaluation device and method for the desorption energy consumption of carbon dioxide capture absorbents. Background Technology

[0002] CO ２ Excessive emissions are causing global warming, and controlling and reducing CO2 emissions is crucial. ２ The emission reduction of CO2 has become a global consensus. Post-combustion amine decarbonization technology is a mature process, easily commercializable, and can reduce CO2 emissions in the near future. ２ The most feasible measure for emission reduction is through amine-based decarbonization. However, the biggest drawback of amine-based decarbonization systems is their high energy consumption, with approximately 80% concentrated in the regeneration section. Therefore, it is necessary to study the factors affecting regeneration energy consumption, clarify their characteristics of impact, and provide basic data for proposing measures to reduce regeneration energy consumption.

[0003] Regarding research on regeneration energy consumption, some scholars have indirectly measured it by estimating its three components (heat of chemical reaction, sensible heat, and latent heat of vaporization). However, the distribution patterns of these three components still need to be investigated through experimental and model studies. Most scholars directly measure regeneration energy consumption through regeneration tower experiments; however, simulating spray regeneration conditions using regeneration tower experiments is time-consuming and resource-intensive, resulting in high experimental costs. Therefore, developing a rapid screening method for the desorption energy consumption of carbon dioxide capture and absorbents is of paramount importance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention aims to provide a rapid evaluation device and method for the desorption energy consumption of carbon dioxide capture and absorbents. Using the device of the present invention, the rich-liquid absorbent is heated to desorb under a certain heating power. The released carbon dioxide, after cooling and dehumidification, is absorbed by the capture agent. By recording parameters such as time, instantaneous operating voltage, instantaneous operating current, and the mass of captured carbon dioxide, the desorption energy consumption of the absorbent can be calculated. The evaluation method of the present invention can rapidly determine the desorption energy consumption of different absorbents, and has the advantages of low screening cost and short time. Furthermore, the measuring device of the present invention is simple and reliable.

[0005] The technical solution for implementing the present invention is as follows: A rapid evaluation device for the desorption energy consumption of a carbon dioxide capture and absorbent includes a regeneration vessel (6), a power control unit, a data acquisition unit, and a gas processing and capture unit. The regeneration reactor (6) is equipped with a liquid inlet, a liquid outlet, a gas outlet, a mechanical seal stirring device, an electric heating rod, a temperature sensor, and a heat insulation layer; The power control unit includes a precision purified AC regulated power supply (1) and a contact voltage regulator (2) for providing controllable heating power to the electric heating rod; The data acquisition unit includes an electrical parameter transmitter (5) and an automatic recorder (4); the electrical parameter transmitter (5) is used to acquire the working voltage and working current of the electric heating rod and convert them into signals; the automatic recorder (4) is used to record the signals from the electrical parameter transmitter (5) and the temperature signals from the temperature sensor on the regeneration vessel (6); The gas processing and capture unit includes a condenser (7), a straight cold trap (10), a drying tube (11), and an adsorption tube (13) connected in sequence by pipelines; the gas inlet of the condenser (7) is connected to the gas outlet of the regeneration vessel (6); the adsorption tube (13) is filled with carbon dioxide capture agent and placed on an electronic balance (12).

[0006] Furthermore, the outlet of the regeneration vessel (6) is connected to the inlet of the condenser (7) and a graduated stoppered measuring cylinder (8) via a three-way pipe.

[0007] Furthermore, the straight cold trap (10) is placed in a low-temperature constant-temperature reaction bath (9).

[0008] Furthermore, the drying tube (11) is filled with anhydrous calcium chloride, and the carbon dioxide capture agent in the adsorption tube (13) is sodium lime.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes a programmable temperature controller (3) for controlling the programmed heating process of the regeneration vessel (6).

[0010] A rapid method for evaluating the desorption energy consumption of a carbon dioxide capture and absorbent includes the following steps: S1. System calibration steps: A fixed amount of pure water is placed in the regeneration vessel as a reference solution. After the cooling cycle is turned on, it is heated at a constant power, and the wall temperature, liquid temperature, instantaneous working voltage and instantaneous working current of the regeneration vessel are automatically collected. Based on the collected data, the reference cumulative energy consumption and liquid temperature difference are calculated, and then the system heat storage is calculated. The system heat storage is used as the abscissa and the corresponding wall temperature difference is used as the ordinate for linear fitting. The slope of the fitted line is the specific heat capacity of the regeneration vessel system. S2. Sample preparation steps: A 20%-50% (w / w) aqueous solution of an organic amine is used to adsorb carbon dioxide gas until saturation, yielding a rich-liquid absorbent; the volume concentration of the carbon dioxide gas is 3% to 100%. S3. Desorption energy consumption measurement step: Place 800g-1000g of the rich liquid absorbent in the regeneration vessel, first program the temperature to a predetermined temperature of 60℃-90℃ and keep it constant. After the wall temperature is constant, perform heating desorption with the same constant power as in step S1 and start timing. At the same time, automatically collect the wall temperature, liquid temperature, instantaneous working voltage and instantaneous working current of the regeneration vessel, and measure the mass of carbon dioxide released by desorption; the constant power is 200W-400W. S4. Data processing steps: Calculate the cumulative energy consumption of the sample based on the voltage and current data collected in step S3. Combine the specific heat capacity of the system obtained in step S1 and the wall temperature difference data collected in step S3 to calculate the energy consumption of the sample. Compare the energy consumption of the sample with the mass of carbon dioxide measured in step S3 to obtain the desorption energy consumption of the liquid-rich absorbent.

[0011] Furthermore, in step S4, the curve of desorption energy consumption changing with time is calculated and output.

[0012] Furthermore, in steps S1 and S3, the time interval for collecting instantaneous operating voltage and current is 1 second to 60 seconds.

[0013] Further, the organic amine in step S2 is one or more of the following: monoethanolamine, 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol, diethanolamine, N-methyldiethanolamine, triethanolamine, piperazine, hydroxyethylpiperazine, ethylaminopiperazine, diethylaminoethanol, 4-diethylamino-2-butanol, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, aminoethylethanolamine, aminomethylethanolamine, diethylene glycolamine, 3-methylaminopropylamine, morpholine, hydroxyethylmorpholine, or 2-(tert-butylamino)ethanol.

[0014] Furthermore, in step S3, the method for measuring the mass of carbon dioxide is as follows: the desorbed gas is sequentially condensed and dehumidified, then absorbed by a carbon dioxide scavenging agent, and the mass change of the carbon dioxide scavenging agent is determined by weighing it.

[0015] Beneficial effects: 1. Compared with traditional regeneration tower experiments that require simulating spray regeneration conditions and consume a lot of time and materials, the evaluation method and device provided by this invention can complete a single test in a short time, realizing rapid evaluation and screening of the desorption energy consumption of carbon dioxide capture and absorbent, and significantly accelerating the research and development process of high-performance absorbents.

[0016] 2. The method described in this invention requires a small amount of test sample (only 800g-1000g) and the device has a relatively simple structure. It does not require the operation of a large and complex regeneration tower system, which greatly saves the material cost and equipment energy consumption required for the experiment and lowers the research and development threshold.

[0017] 3. The method of the present invention calibrates the system by using a reference liquid (such as pure water), accurately calculates the specific heat capacity of the regeneration kettle system itself, and deducts the energy consumption brought by the heat storage of the system in subsequent calculations, thereby ensuring the accuracy and scientificity of the final evaluation result of the desorption energy consumption and avoiding systematic errors.

[0018] 4. By collecting data in real time and calculating, the present invention can draw a complete curve of the desorption energy consumption changing with time. This curve can intuitively and dynamically reflect the energy consumption change trend of the entire desorption process, and can clearly identify the lowest energy consumption point (i.e., the optimal desorption energy consumption), providing accurate data support for process optimization.

[0019] 5. The method of the present invention is not only applicable to evaluating the performance of a single organic amine absorbent (such as MEA, AMP, etc.), but more applicable to screening the mixed formula and the best ratio of multiple organic amine solvents, providing a powerful and rapid evaluation tool for developing efficient and low-energy composite absorbents.

[0020] 6. The evaluation device supporting the present invention integrates units such as power control, precise data acquisition, gas processing, and weighing, with a compact structure and high automation. The device operates stably and reliably, and the operation process is standardized, reducing human operation errors and ensuring the repeatability and consistency of the experiment. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the rapid evaluation device of the present invention.

[0022] Among them, 1 - Precision purification AC voltage stabilizer; 2 - Contact voltage regulator; 3 - Program section temperature controller; 4 - Automatic recorder; 5 - Electrical parameter transmitter; 6 - Regeneration kettle; 7 - Condenser; 8 - Graduated stoppered measuring cylinder; 9 - Low-temperature constant temperature reaction bath; 10 - Straight cold trap; 11 - Drying tube; 12 - Electronic balance; 13 - Adsorption tube.

[0023] Figure 2 It is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 It is a linear fitting curve of the system heat storage changing with the wall temperature difference in Example 1.

[0025] Figure 4 It is a curve of the regeneration energy consumption changing with the regeneration time in Example 3.

[0026] Figure 5 It is a curve of the regeneration energy consumption changing with the regeneration time in Example 4. Detailed Embodiments

[0027] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a rapid evaluation method and device for the desorption energy consumption of a carbon dioxide capture absorbent. Using the measuring device of the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, the rich-liquid absorbent desorbs upon heating at a certain power, and the released carbon dioxide, after cooling and dehumidification, is absorbed by the trapping agent. By recording parameters such as time, instantaneous operating voltage, instantaneous operating current, and the mass of captured carbon dioxide, the desorption energy consumption of the absorbent can be calculated. This evaluation method can quickly determine the desorption energy consumption of different absorbents, and has the advantages of low screening cost and short time. In addition, the measuring device of this invention is simple and reliable.

[0028] The present invention discloses a rapid evaluation method for the desorption energy consumption of carbon dioxide capture and absorbents, such as... Figure 2 As shown, it includes the following steps: (1) Place a fixed amount of reference solution into the regeneration vessel and start the cooling cycle; turn on the heating switch and heat at constant power. Periodically and automatically collect the regeneration vessel wall temperature, liquid temperature, instantaneous working voltage, and instantaneous working current. Calculate the water temperature difference, wall temperature difference, and reference cumulative energy consumption based on the above data, and then calculate the system heat storage. The system specific heat capacity is defined as the ratio of system heat storage to wall temperature difference. Plot a graph with system heat storage as the abscissa and wall temperature difference as the ordinate, and linearly fit the curve. The slope is the system specific heat capacity.

[0029] (2) The carbon dioxide capture absorbent adsorbs carbon dioxide under the same conditions and loads it to obtain a rich solution, preferably loaded to saturation, wherein the absorbent is an organic amine solution; (3) Place a quantitative amount of rich liquid absorbent in the regeneration vessel, first program the temperature to rise to the predetermined temperature; maintain the predetermined temperature until the wall temperature is constant, turn on the constant power heating switch and start timing, periodically collect the regeneration vessel wall temperature, liquid temperature, instantaneous working voltage, instantaneous working current, and carbon dioxide mass captured by the carbon dioxide capture agent, calculate the wall temperature difference and the cumulative energy consumption of the sample, and combine the specific heat capacity of the system obtained in step (1) to calculate the energy consumption of the sample. The energy consumption of the absorbent desorption is defined as the ratio of sample energy consumption to the mass of carbon dioxide captured. Plotting time on the x-axis and desorption energy consumption on the y-axis reflects the absorbent's desorption energy consumption throughout the process, providing a reference for rapid formulation screening. Furthermore, the desorption energy consumption at the lowest point of the curve is the optimal desorption energy consumption.

[0030] In step (1), The formula for the reference cumulative energy consumption Q1 is: Q1=

[0031] Where Q1 is the reference cumulative energy consumption from the start of the experiment to time t, in kJ; This is the instantaneous operating voltage, measured in volts (V). This is the instantaneous operating current, measured in amperes (A). The time interval for recording instantaneous voltage and current is measured in seconds (S).

[0032] in, The time interval is 1-60 seconds, preferably 1-2 seconds. The smaller the time interval, the higher the accuracy of energy consumption calculation, but the larger the amount of data processed.

[0033] The system heat storage Q2 formula is: Q2 = Q1 - × ×

[0034] Where Q2 is the system heat storage, in kJ; Q1 is the cumulative energy consumption, in kJ. The specific heat capacity of the reference liquid is expressed in kJ / (g). ℃) ; The mass of the reference solution is in grams. This refers to the liquid temperature difference during the experimental phase.

[0035] The reference solution is preferably pure water, with a specific heat capacity of 4.2 kJ / (g). ℃).

[0036] Since the components and their mass remain constant during testing, the specific heat capacity of the system is... The simplified definition of the formula is: =

[0037] With system heat storage as the x-axis and wall temperature difference as the y-axis... Plot a graph on the ordinate, obtain a linearly fitted curve, and the slope represents the specific heat capacity of the system. The unit is KJ / ℃.

[0038] In step (2), the carbon dioxide gas is a gas with a carbon dioxide volume concentration of 3%-100%, and is particularly preferred to simulate the carbon dioxide concentration of flue gas emitted from ships, power plants, steel mills, etc. Saturation refers to the slow absorption rate of carbon dioxide in the carbon dioxide absorbent, reaching equilibrium under the given conditions, which can be understood as absorption reaching 100%.

[0039] The organic amine solvent is monoethanolamine, 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol, diethanolamine, N-methyldiethanolamine, triethanolamine, piperazine, hydroxyethylpiperazine, ethylaminopiperazine, diethylaminoethanol, 4-diethylamino-2-butanol, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, aminoethylethanolamine, aminomethylethanolamine, diethylene glycolamine, 3-methylaminopropylamine, morpholine, hydroxyethylmorpholine, 2-(tert-butylamino)ethanol, etc.

[0040] The preferred mass concentration of the organic amine solvent is 20%-50%, and it can be a single organic amine solvent or a mixture of multiple organic amine solvents.

[0041] In step (3), the quantitative amount is 800g-1000g, preferably the same as the mass of the reference solution in step (1); the predetermined temperature of the rich solution is preferably 60-90℃; the constant power heating is the same as in step (1), and the power is preferably 200-400W.

[0042] The formula for the cumulative energy consumption Q3 of the sample is: Q3=

[0043] Where Q3 is the cumulative energy consumption of the sample from the start of the test to time t, in kJ; This is the instantaneous operating voltage, measured in volts (V). This is the instantaneous operating current, measured in amperes (A). The time interval for recording instantaneous operating voltage and current is measured in seconds (S).

[0044] in, The time interval is 1-60 seconds, preferably 1-2 seconds. The smaller the time interval, the higher the accuracy of energy consumption calculation, but the larger the amount of data processed.

[0045] Sample energy consumption Q4 Q4 = Q3 - ×

[0046] Where Q4 is the energy consumption of the sample, in kJ; This refers to the specific heat capacity of the system, expressed in kJ / ℃. The temperature difference of the sample during the test phase is expressed in °C.

[0047] The energy consumption H for the analysis of the sample is: H=

[0048] Where H is the energy consumption of the sample desorption, in kJ / g; Q4 is the energy consumption of the sample, in kJ; The mass of carbon dioxide captured is expressed in grams (g).

[0049] Using time as the horizontal axis and sample desorption energy consumption as the vertical axis, the desorption energy consumption of the absorbent can be reflected throughout the entire process.

[0050] In step (3), the carbon dioxide capture agent is preferably columnar soda lime. By weight, the amount of carbon dioxide capture agent used is not less than four times the theoretical carbon dioxide content in the rich solution.

[0051] To better record the electrical energy consumed during absorbent desorption, an AC regulated power supply is preferred. The precision purification AC regulated power supply has a rated power of 2000VA, a voltage regulation range of 175V-255V, a frequency of 50Hz, an output voltage of 220V±1%, an insulation class of three, overvoltage protection of 245V±5V, and a rated current of 9A.

[0052] The voltage regulator is preferably a contact voltage regulator. It has a rated capacity of 1 kVA, one phase, a rated output current of 4 A, an insulation heat resistance class of F, and a frequency of 50 Hz.

[0053] The aforementioned electrical parameter transmitter converts instantaneous operating voltage and instantaneous current into analog signals, which are then transmitted to an automatic recorder. The preferred operating voltage of the electrical parameter transmitter is 24V, and the analog output signal is DC 4-20mA.

[0054] The automatic recorder can periodically acquire analog signals and record instantaneous operating voltage, instantaneous operating current, liquid temperature, and wall temperature.

[0055] The regeneration reactor is equipped with a mechanically sealed stirrer, an electric heating rod, a temperature sensor, a liquid inlet, a liquid outlet, and a gas outlet. The outer wall of the regeneration reactor is equipped with an insulation layer to reduce external energy loss.

[0056] The outlet of the regeneration reactor is connected to a three-way pipe. The upper end of the three-way pipe is connected to a condenser pipe, and the lower end is connected to a graduated stoppered measuring cylinder.

[0057] The upper outlet of the condenser tube is connected to a straight cold trap, which is placed in a low-temperature constant-temperature reaction bath for further removal of water vapor carried in the gas.

[0058] The outlet of the straight cold trap is connected to a drying tube, which contains anhydrous calcium chloride to absorb moisture from the gas. The anhydrous calcium chloride is preferably a white, porous flocculent or granular material. This preferred anhydrous calcium chloride effectively reduces gas resistance, ensuring the smooth passage of carbon dioxide gas.

[0059] The outlet of the drying tube is connected to the adsorption tube. The adsorption tube is filled with a carbon dioxide scavenging agent, preferably columnar soda lime.

[0060] The adsorption tube is placed on an electronic balance to record the mass of carbon dioxide captured.

[0061] Example 1 (1) Place 800g of water in the regeneration vessel and start the cooling cycle; turn on the heating and heat at a constant power of 240W to continuously increase the temperature. The regeneration vessel wall temperature, liquid temperature, working voltage, and working current are automatically collected every 2 seconds. Select the water temperature between 36.8℃ and 56.6℃, calculate the reference cumulative energy consumption using formula Q1, and then calculate the system heat storage using formula Q2.

[0062] A graph was plotted with system heat storage on the x-axis and wall temperature difference on the y-axis. A linear fitting curve was obtained, and its linear equation is y = 2.15468X + 0.64695; the slope of the line is 2.15468. (See...) Figure 3 .

[0063] The specific heat capacity of the system is 2.2 kJ / ℃.

[0064] (2) An absorption device is used to adsorb carbon dioxide gas with a concentration of 5% by using an aqueous solution of ethanolamine (MEA) with a mass concentration of 20% to make the absorbent saturated.

[0065] (3) Place 800g of the rich liquid absorbent in the regeneration vessel, and first program the temperature to rise to the predetermined temperature of 70℃. After maintaining the predetermined temperature until the wall temperature is constant, set the preset constant power to 240W, turn on the heating switch and start timing. Automatically collect the regeneration vessel wall temperature, liquid temperature, working voltage and working current every 2 seconds. Record the data every 4 seconds in the early stage and record the mass of carbon dioxide captured by the carbon dioxide capture agent every 30 seconds in the later stage. Calculate the wall temperature difference and the cumulative energy consumption of the sample. Combine the specific heat capacity of the system of 2.2KJ / ℃ obtained in step (1) to calculate the energy consumption of the sample. The energy consumption of absorbent desorption is defined as the ratio of sample energy consumption to the mass of carbon dioxide captured. Plot a graph with time as the horizontal axis and desorption energy consumption as the vertical axis.

[0066] Example 2 Unlike Example 1, in step (3), 1000g of rich liquid was used for the experiment, and the temperature of the rich liquid was raised to a predetermined temperature of 86°C. The preset heating power was 300W.

[0067] Example 3 Unlike Example 1, in step (2), an aqueous solution of ethanolamine with a mass concentration of 30% adsorbs carbon dioxide gas with a concentration of 10%, so that the absorbent is saturated.

[0068] In step (3), 1000g of rich liquid is used for the experiment to raise the temperature of the rich liquid to the predetermined temperature of 70℃, and the preset heating power is 300W.

[0069] Plotting regenerative energy consumption against time, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the curve reflects the regeneration energy consumption throughout the entire experimental cycle. The regeneration energy consumption curve shows a trend of first decreasing and then increasing. In the early stage of the experiment, the regeneration energy consumption is relatively high due to the small increase in liquid temperature and the small amount of carbon dioxide released; as the amount of carbon dioxide released gradually increases, the regeneration energy consumption decreases; as the amount of carbon dioxide in the saturated absorbent gradually decreases, the regeneration energy consumption gradually increases in the later stage.

[0070] Example 4 Unlike Example 1, in step (2), a 30% aqueous solution of 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) adsorbs carbon dioxide gas with a concentration of 10%, so that the absorbent is saturated.

[0071] In step (3), 1000g of rich liquid is used for the experiment to raise the temperature of the rich liquid to the predetermined temperature of 70℃, and the preset heating power is 300W.

[0072] Figure 5 The curve showing the change in regeneration energy consumption relative to regeneration time in Example 4, compared with Experiment 3 and Experiment 4, shows that the regeneration energy consumption of the AMP absorbent is much lower than that of the MEA absorbent. This invention demonstrates good differentiation in the regeneration energy consumption of the two different absorbents.

[0073] In summary, the above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rapid evaluation device for the desorption energy consumption of a carbon dioxide capture and absorbent, characterized in that, Includes a regeneration reactor (6), a power control unit, a data acquisition unit, and a gas processing and capture unit; The regeneration reactor (6) is equipped with a liquid inlet, a liquid outlet, a gas outlet, a mechanical seal stirring device, an electric heating rod, a temperature sensor, and a heat insulation layer; The power control unit includes a precision purified AC regulated power supply (1) and a contact voltage regulator (2) for providing controllable heating power to the electric heating rod; The data acquisition unit includes an electrical parameter transmitter (5) and an automatic recorder (4); the electrical parameter transmitter (5) is used to acquire the working voltage and working current of the electric heating rod and convert them into signals; the automatic recorder (4) is used to record the signals from the electrical parameter transmitter (5) and the temperature signals from the temperature sensor on the regeneration vessel (6); The gas processing and capture unit includes a condenser (7), a straight cold trap (10), a drying tube (11), and an adsorption tube (13) connected in sequence by pipelines; the gas inlet of the condenser (7) is connected to the gas outlet of the regeneration vessel (6); the adsorption tube (13) is filled with carbon dioxide capture agent and placed on an electronic balance (12).

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outlet of the regeneration vessel (6) is connected to the inlet of the condenser (7) and a graduated stoppered measuring cylinder (8) via a three-way pipe.

3. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The straight cold trap (10) is placed in a low-temperature constant temperature reaction bath (9).

4. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drying tube (11) contains anhydrous calcium chloride, and the carbon dioxide capture agent in the adsorption tube (13) is sodium lime.

5. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, It also includes a programmable temperature controller (3) for controlling the programmed heating process of the regeneration vessel (6).

6. A rapid evaluation method for the desorption energy consumption of a carbon dioxide capture and absorbent, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. System calibration steps: A fixed amount of pure water is placed in the regeneration vessel as a reference solution. After the cooling cycle is turned on, it is heated at a constant power, and the wall temperature, liquid temperature, instantaneous working voltage and instantaneous working current of the regeneration vessel are automatically collected. Based on the collected data, the reference cumulative energy consumption and liquid temperature difference are calculated, and then the system heat storage is calculated. The system heat storage is used as the abscissa and the corresponding wall temperature difference is used as the ordinate for linear fitting. The slope of the fitted line is the specific heat capacity of the regeneration vessel system. S2. Sample preparation steps: A 20%-50% (w / w) aqueous solution of an organic amine is used to adsorb carbon dioxide gas until saturation, yielding a rich-liquid absorbent; the volume concentration of the carbon dioxide gas is 3% to 100%. S3. Desorption energy consumption measurement step: Place 800g-1000g of the rich liquid absorbent in the regeneration vessel, first program the temperature to a predetermined temperature of 60℃-90℃ and keep it constant. After the wall temperature is constant, perform heating desorption with the same constant power as in step S1 and start timing. At the same time, automatically collect the wall temperature, liquid temperature, instantaneous working voltage and instantaneous working current of the regeneration vessel, and measure the mass of carbon dioxide released by desorption; the constant power is 200W-400W. S4. Data processing steps: Calculate the cumulative energy consumption of the sample based on the voltage and current data collected in step S3. Combine the specific heat capacity of the system obtained in step S1 and the wall temperature difference data collected in step S3 to calculate the energy consumption of the sample. Compare the energy consumption of the sample with the mass of carbon dioxide measured in step S3 to obtain the desorption energy consumption of the liquid-rich absorbent.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S4, the curve of desorption energy consumption changing over time is calculated and output.

8. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, In steps S1 and S3, the time interval for collecting instantaneous operating voltage and current is 1 second to 60 seconds.

9. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The organic amine in step S2 is one or more of the following: monoethanolamine, 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol, diethanolamine, N-methyldiethanolamine, triethanolamine, piperazine, hydroxyethylpiperazine, ethylaminopiperazine, diethylaminoethanol, 4-diethylamino-2-butanol, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, aminoethylethanolamine, aminomethylethanolamine, diethylene glycolamine, 3-methylaminopropylamine, morpholine, hydroxyethylmorpholine, or 2-(tert-butylamino)ethanol.

10. The method according to claims 6-9, characterized in that, In step S3, the method for measuring the mass of carbon dioxide is as follows: after the desorbed gas is successively condensed and dehumidified, it is absorbed by a carbon dioxide scavenging agent, and the mass change of the carbon dioxide scavenging agent is determined by weighing it.

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