All-digital multi-mode networking radar anti-interference simulation platform architecture design

Abstract

The invention provides a construction method of a dual / multistatic radar anti-interference digital simulation platform for offshore / port intelligent comprehensive monitoring scenes. Aiming at the difficulties that functions, interfaces and data streams are complex and the like, the general architecture is decoupled by adopting a resource layer, a function layer and a user layer according to the principles of upgradeability, expandability and easiness in maintenance, networking radar scene simulation configuration, radar configuration design, target and interference echo generation, radar detection imaging and efficiency analysis modules are developed, and an all-digital simulation platform is established. Based on a platform design scenario experiment, aiming at large and medium-sized ship targets from the dimensions of a technical system and a geometric configuration, under the environments of illegal electronic equipment interference, multi-radar mutual interference, ship metal component interference and combined interference, different ship target types, offshore / port scene parameters, interference types and radar configurations are flexibly configured, so that the ship targets can be quickly and accurately positioned. And the module adaptability, expansibility and stability of the platform and the reasonability of core verification architecture design are verified.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of radar simulation technology, specifically to a fully digital networked radar anti-interference simulation platform architecture design for intelligent integrated monitoring systems in nearshore and ports, applicable to civilian marine application scenarios such as port scheduling, fisheries law enforcement, and nearshore traffic safety monitoring. Background Technology

[0002] Digital system modeling and simulation technology is an effective way to solve the design demonstration and performance evaluation problems of radar equipment in complex marine environments. With the rapid development of the global marine economy, near-shore vessel activity is becoming increasingly frequent, highlighting problems such as port congestion, illegal operations, and maritime accidents, placing higher demands on the accuracy, all-weather capability, and anti-interference ability of near-shore and port monitoring. Distributed collaborative detection networks based on multiple platforms have become an important trend in the development of near-shore monitoring radars, such as... Figure 1 As shown, networked radar, through the staggered configuration of multiple radars with different characteristics, multi-dimensional complementary deployment, and the combination of active / passive detection, can significantly improve the stability and anti-jamming capability of target detection in complex marine environments.

[0003] However, most mainstream radar simulation platforms both domestically and internationally are currently limited to simulating monostatic radar systems, exhibiting significant shortcomings in bistatic / multistatic radar signal-level simulation. Existing simulation software such as FLAMES, AFSIM, and XSimStudio, while having some applications in general detection simulation, struggle to meet the demands of networked radar collaborative detection, anti-jamming effectiveness analysis, and multi-configuration optimization in nearshore and port scenarios. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a fully digital platform supporting bistatic / multistatic radar anti-jamming simulation to fill this technological gap and provide a reliable tool for the design, demonstration, and performance evaluation of intelligent integrated monitoring systems for nearshore and ports. Summary of the Invention

[0004] I. Platform Architecture Design

[0005] The all-digital networked radar anti-jamming simulation platform of this invention adopts a three-level decoupled overall architecture of "resource layer - functional layer - user layer" to achieve low coupling and high cohesion between modules, ensuring the platform's scalability, upgradeability, and maintainability. Figure 2 As shown.

[0006] 1. Resource Layer: Provides basic resource support for simulation, including typical ship motion trajectory data, ship RCS data, near-shore / port scene simulation algorithms, target characteristic simulation algorithms, dual / multi-base radar echo generation algorithms, dual / multi-base monopulse detection algorithms, dual / multi-base SAR imaging algorithms, and performance analysis algorithms;

[0007] 2. Functional Layer: It integrates five core functional modules, namely, the near-shore / port scenario simulation configuration module, the dual / multi-base radar configuration design module, the target and interference echo generation module, the dual / multi-base radar detection and imaging module, and the performance analysis module, realizing the full-process simulation function from scenario configuration to performance evaluation. In addition to these five core modules, it also includes a visualization display module, a data storage and playback module, and an open interface module.

[0008] 3. User layer: Provides parameter setting area, information prompt area, image display area and result analysis area, supporting convenient user operation and result viewing.

[0009] II. Division of Core Functional Modules:

[0010] The simulation platform consists of five software modules: simulation configuration, configuration design, echo generation, detection imaging, and performance analysis. Figure 3 As shown.

[0011] 1. Simulation Configuration Module:

[0012] This module is responsible for configuring target and scenario settings, radar parameter settings, imaging parameter settings, jamming settings, and system settings, specifically including:

[0013] a) Target and Scene Setting Submodule: Supports setting the size, CAD model, and motion parameters of large civilian vessels (cruise ships) and medium-sized civilian vessels (fishing boats); supports setting scene parameters for nearshore topography, port channels, sea clutter environment, etc.

[0014] b) Radar parameter setting submodule: Allows configuration of core parameters such as radar operating frequency, bandwidth, and gain;

[0015] c) Imaging parameter setting submodule: Supports adjustment of parameters related to single-pulse detection and SAR imaging;

[0016] d) Interference settings submodule: Supports common interference types in near-shore and port scenarios, including boundary configuration and parameter settings for interference types such as illegal electronic equipment interference from ships, mutual interference between multiple radars, interference from ship metal components, and combined interference;

[0017] e) System Settings Submodule: Provides configuration of system parameters such as simulation step size and data storage path.

[0018] 2. Configuration Design Module: Supports custom configuration of network radar technology system and geometric configuration. The technology system includes two modes: bistatic monopulse and bistatic SAR. The geometric configuration can be configured with parameters such as bistatic azimuth, bistatic elevation angle and instantaneous bandwidth to adapt to the diverse needs of radar shore-based and shipborne deployment in near-shore and port scenarios.

[0019] 3. Echo generation module: Includes an automatic wave position design unit, a simulation scene generation unit (including interference from ship metal components), an artificial interference generation unit, and a real-time echo generation unit based on the frequency domain method, which can accurately simulate the propagation characteristics and interference superposition effects of radar echoes in near-shore and port environments.

[0020] 4. Detection and Imaging Module:

[0021] a) Monopulse detection unit: Supports monostatic / multistatic monopulse detection to achieve target ranging, angle measurement and positioning;

[0022] b) SAR Imaging Unit: The FFBP algorithm is used as the core imaging algorithm. Through sub-aperture partitioning, step-by-step merging, and conversion from elliptical polar coordinates to rectangular coordinates, rapid dual / multi-base SAR imaging is achieved. The FFBP algorithm flow is as follows:

[0023] ①Step 1: Perform fast time compression on the echo, and determine the merging level J, merging factor K, and bottom sub-aperture length based on the full aperture length;

[0024] ②Step 2: Divide the imaging grid and apply the BP algorithm to each sub-aperture to obtain the initial sub-image;

[0025] ③Step 3: Coherently superimpose adjacent sub-images according to their membership relationship, and merge them step by step to the full aperture;

[0026] ④ Step 4: Convert the elliptical polar coordinate image to a rectangular coordinate system image and output the imaging results.

[0027] 5. Performance Analysis Module: This module uses a combination of theoretical calculations and simulation evaluation to achieve multi-dimensional performance index assessment.

[0028] a) Detection capability and positioning accuracy assessment: Calculate the dual-base single-pulse ranging error, angle measurement error and positioning error, with a focus on the high-precision detection requirements in scenarios such as ship berthing and waterway navigation;

[0029] b) Imaging capability assessment: Calculate the bistatic SAR imaging swath width, resolution, synthetic aperture time, and peak-to-sidelobe ratio to meet the fine identification needs such as ship type identification and deck condition monitoring.

[0030] c) Anti-interference capability assessment: By calculating the signal-to-interference ratio improvement, the platform's ability to suppress interference from illegal electronic equipment on ships, mutual interference between multiple radars, interference from ship metal components, and combined interference is assessed.

[0031] III. Key Model Design:

[0032] 1. Electromagnetic simulation model of the ship target:

[0033] For large ships (cruise ships) and medium-sized ships (fishing vessels), a anechoic chamber measurement method based on a scaled-down model was used to obtain the RCS data of the ships. RCS measurements were performed in a anechoic chamber environment using a 1:100 scaled-down model. Based on far-field scattering theory, background subtraction, polarization control, and static and dynamic measurement techniques were employed to obtain target scattering data under different frequencies, incident angles, azimuth angles, and polarization modes.

[0034] Figures 4-8 Given a set of experimental data for a medium-sized ship, at a frequency of 15 GHz, an incident angle of 60°, and azimuth angles of -135°, -90°, 0°, 90°, and 135°, the target scattering measurement diagrams of the medium-sized ship under different polarizations (HH, HV, VH, and VV polarizations from left to right) are provided.

[0035] 2. Radar echo generation model:

[0036] SAR echoes are calculated using the following formula

[0037]

[0038] Where ξ and t are the fast time and the slow time, respectively, and G... s denoted as system gain, s as the area illuminated by the beam footprint, i as the pixel number, and R... i ρ is the slant range, c is the speed of light, λ is the electromagnetic wavelength, Δx and Δy are the two-dimensional dimensions of the scattering surface element, p(ξ) is the pulse signal, and ρ i (t) represents the complex reflection coefficient of the i-th surface element. The complex reflection coefficient ρ is related to the reflectivity δ as follows:

[0039]

[0040] in For random phase, σ i (t) is the scattering coefficient.

[0041] To further simplify the actual echo calculation, the calculation of Equation 1 is divided into two steps: the first step is to calculate the scattering superposition of each surface element, and the second step is to perform pulse convolution.

[0042] The formula for the first step of the calculation is as follows:

[0043]

[0044] in, For point response functions, in scene simulation, they can be simply... Approximation of the impact function For target simulation, sinc interpolation can be used to approximate the target.

[0045]

[0046] The second step is to convolve the s′(ξ,t) calculated in Equation 3 with the pulse signal.

[0047]

[0048] Convolution can be achieved using frequency domain multiplication.

[0049] Slope distance R i The formula for calculating (t) is:

[0050]

[0051] 3. Performance evaluation model:

[0052] The performance evaluation dimensions of this simulation platform include the following aspects: detection capability and positioning accuracy indicators mainly include: bistatic single-pulse ranging accuracy, angle measurement accuracy and positioning accuracy indicators; imaging capability indicators mainly include: bistatic SAR imaging swath width, imaging resolution, synthetic aperture time and peak sidelobe ratio; anti-interference capability indicators mainly include: anti-illegal electronic equipment interference suppression ratio, anti-multi-radar mutual interference suppression ratio, anti-metal component interference suppression ratio and anti-combined interference suppression ratio.

[0053] Radar network effectiveness evaluation mainly relies on two methods: theoretical calculation and simulation evaluation. Theoretical calculation methods are typically used to evaluate bistatic monopulse detection performance and bistatic SAR imaging performance; simulation evaluation methods are mainly used to evaluate cooperative anti-jamming performance. By constructing a near-shore multi-platform simulation environment, the types of interference that may be encountered in actual applications are simulated, and the anti-jamming capability of the radar network under different interference conditions is analyzed.

[0054] Key assessment methodologies explained:

[0055] a) Bi-static SAR imaging resolution assessment: Resolution direction is determined by drawing equal slant range lines and equal Doppler lines, with the ground distance direction representing the resolution. Azimuth resolution Where ρ1 is the range resolution, c is the speed of light, B is the bandwidth, β is the bivariate angle, v is the platform velocity, and T is the distance resolution. S For the synthesis aperture time, the simulation results are as follows: Figures 9-10 As shown;

[0056] b) Anti-interference performance evaluation: Based on the signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) calculation formula, by comparing the SIR of monostatic and bistatic radars under the same interference conditions, the interference suppression ratio is obtained, and the improvement effect of the platform's anti-interference capability is quantified.

[0057] Beneficial effects

[0058] The fully digital networked radar anti-jamming simulation platform architecture of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0059] 1. It fills the technical gap in bistatic / multistatic radar signal-level simulation in nearshore and port scenarios. Compared with traditional monostatic radar simulation platforms, it can achieve a comprehensive evaluation of the collaborative detection and anti-interference performance of networked radars, and is suitable for the actual needs of civilian marine monitoring.

[0060] 2. The three-level decoupled architecture and modular design ensure the platform's scalability, upgradeability, and maintainability, supporting flexible configuration for different ship target types, interference types, and radar configurations, and adapting to diverse near-shore and port monitoring scenarios.

[0061] 3. It integrates the FFBP fast imaging algorithm, the method for acquiring the electromagnetic characteristics of multi-source ship targets, and the multi-dimensional performance evaluation model, achieving high simulation accuracy and excellent computational efficiency, thus meeting the needs of precise ship detection and identification.

[0062] 4. It supports various simulation tests in near-shore and port scenarios, and can provide reliable simulation support for the design demonstration, parameter optimization and performance evaluation of networked radar monitoring systems, with broad application prospects. Attached Figure Description

[0063] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the following is a brief description of the accompanying drawings (the drawing numbers correspond to the structures mentioned in the specification):

[0064] Appendix Figure 1 It is an integrated sensor network;

[0065] Appendix Figure 2 This is a hierarchical architecture diagram of a networked radar simulation platform;

[0066] Appendix Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the functions and model composition of the networked radar simulation platform;

[0067] Appendix Figure 4 The results are RCS simulations of medium-sized ships with different polarization modes at an azimuth angle of -135 degrees.

[0068] Appendix Figure 5 The results are RCS simulations of medium-sized ships with different polarization modes at an azimuth angle of -90 degrees.

[0069] Appendix Figure 6 The results are RCS simulations of medium-sized ships with different polarization modes at an azimuth angle of 0 degrees.

[0070] Appendix Figure 7 The results are RCS simulations of medium-sized ships with different polarization modes at a 90-degree azimuth angle.

[0071] Appendix Figure 8 The results are RCS simulations of medium-sized ships with different polarization modes at an azimuth angle of 135 degrees.

[0072] Appendix Figure 9 It is the direction of SAR resolution;

[0073] Appendix Figure 10 This refers to the SAR range-azimuth resolution.

[0074] Appendix Figure 11 These are SAR images of a large ship at bistatic azimuth angles of 0, 25, and 45 degrees under interference from metallic components.

[0075] Appendix Figure 12 These are SAR images of medium-sized ships at 0, 30, and 60 degrees bistatic azimuth angles under interference from illegal electronic devices.

[0076] Appendix Figure 13 These are single-pulse images of medium-sized ships at 0, 30, and 60 degrees bistatic azimuth angles under interference from illegal electronic devices.

[0077] Appendix Figure 14 These are SAR images of large ships at bistatic azimuth angles of 0, 25, and 45 degrees under multi-radar interference. Detailed Implementation

[0078] The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments are only used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0079] I. Platform Setup: The simulation platform supports simulation and evaluation of different radar configurations and parameters under single / dual-base monopulse / SAR modes.

[0080] In terms of data and platform openness, the digital simulation platform supports the display of two-dimensional situational simulations through a visual interface, including scene / target display, flight trajectory display, interference display, target detection result display, imaging result display, performance analysis curve display, echo signal time-domain and frequency-domain analysis display, status display, and simulation progress display. It also supports the storage and playback of simulation process data.

[0081] In terms of functionality and configuration, the digital simulation platform supports configuring the characteristics of two typical ship targets, large and medium-sized, and supports configuration and simulation functions for both types of ships. It features boundary configuration and setting functions for four types of interference: illegal electronic equipment interference, multi-radar mutual interference, metal component interference, and combined interference. After configuration, it can correctly generate echo signals after interference. It supports custom configuration and editing of parameters such as the technical system (bistatic monopulse, bistatic SAR), geometric configuration, and instantaneous bandwidth of networked radars, and can generate detection results under different configurations after configuration. It supports parameter configuration and simulation functions for typical modes such as bistatic monopulse detection and SAR imaging.

[0082] In terms of performance indicators, the digital simulation platform supports simulation of bistatic monopulse detection and SAR imaging under different bistatic configurations and radar parameter settings, and can calculate performance indicators. It also supports simulation of bistatic cooperative anti-interference under different bistatic configurations and radar parameter settings, and can generate curves of performance indicators such as different interference suppression capabilities as a function of bistatic angle and radar parameters, providing support for the effectiveness evaluation of intelligent integrated monitoring systems for nearshore and ports.

[0083] II. Simulation Test Procedure:

[0084] 1. Scene Configuration: Set the target type (large and medium-sized ships), navigation parameters, select the interference type (illegal electronic equipment interference, multi-radar mutual interference, metal component interference or combined interference) through the simulation configuration module, and configure the radar system parameters and geometric configuration.

[0085] 2. Echo generation: Based on the target's electromagnetic characteristics data and interference parameters, the echo generation module calculates and generates radar echo signals containing interference.

[0086] 3. Detection and Imaging: Activate the detection and imaging module, process the echo signal using single-pulse detection or SAR imaging mode, and output the detection results and imaging images;

[0087] 4. Performance Evaluation: The performance analysis module calculates various performance indicators, including ranging / angle measurement / positioning error, imaging resolution, synthetic aperture time, and interference suppression ratio.

[0088] 5. Data storage and playback: Stores simulation process data and evaluation results, and supports scene playback and result comparison analysis.

[0089] III. Typical Scenario-Based Experimental Verification

[0090] This experiment focuses on verifying the adaptability, scalability, and stability of the platform architecture.

[0091] Experimental approach: Based on the platform's three-level decoupled architecture of "resource layer - functional layer - user layer", the module adaptability, scalability and stability of the platform are verified by flexibly configuring different ship target types, near-shore / port scenario parameters, interference types and radar configurations, and the rationality of the core verification architecture design is verified.

[0092] Experiment 1: Configuration Adaptability Verification. A large cargo ship was selected as the target, and three different bistatic angles (0°, 20°, 45°) were configured. Detection and imaging simulations were conducted under interference conditions caused by metallic components to verify the flexible configuration capability of the configuration design module and its synergy with the detection and imaging module. Figure 11 As shown.

[0093] Experiment 2: Target Scalability Verification. A fishing vessel is selected, and detection imaging simulation and single-pulse detection simulation are performed under conditions of illegal electronic equipment interference. Combined with Experiment 1, this verifies the compatibility between resource layer target data and functional layer modules, demonstrating the architecture's scalability. Figures 12-13 As shown;

[0094] Experiment 3: Stability Verification of Full-Process Simulation. Integrating the target trajectory prediction module, and building upon Experiments 1 and 2, a multi-radar interference scenario is configured to verify the compatibility of the newly added functional module with existing modules, and the stability of the full-process simulation. Figure 13 .

[0095] The experimental cases are shown below:

[0096] Table 1 Typical Scenario Experiment Test Cases

[0097]

[0098] The index parameters were calculated for all three experiments, and the results are shown in Table 2-3.

[0099] Table 2. Calculation of Performance Indicators for Typical Scenario Tests (Single Pulse)

[0100]

[0101] Table 3. Calculation of Performance Indicators (SAR) for Typical Scenario Experiments

[0102]

[0103] Experimental results show that:

[0104] 1. Single-pulse detection: ranging error less than 63m, angle measurement error less than 0.05rad (within 0.1 degrees), positioning error less than 32m;

[0105] 2. SAR imaging: resolution less than 2m, synthetic aperture time less than 1s;

[0106] 3. Anti-jamming performance: Compared with monostatic radar, the signal-to-interference ratio of dual / multistatic networked radar is significantly improved.

Claims

1. A fully digital multi-mode networked radar anti-jamming simulation platform architecture design, characterized in that, It includes a three-level decoupled architecture and five major functional modules. The three-level decoupled architecture consists of a resource layer, a functional layer, and a user layer from bottom to top. The five major functional modules include a near-shore / port scenario simulation configuration module, a dual / multi-base radar configuration design module, a target and interference echo generation module, a dual / multi-base radar detection and imaging module, and an effectiveness analysis module.

2. The architecture design of the all-digital multi-mode networked radar anti-jamming simulation platform according to claim 1, characterized in that, The simulation configuration module includes target and scene settings, radar parameter settings, imaging parameter settings, interference settings, and system settings. The target and scene settings submodule supports the setting of dimensions, CAD models, and motion parameters for large civilian vessels (cruise ships) and medium-sized civilian vessels (fishing boats).

3. The architecture design of the all-digital multi-mode networked radar anti-jamming simulation platform according to claim 1, characterized in that, The echo generation module includes an automatic wave position design unit, a simulation scenario generation unit (including interference from ship metal components), a human interference generation unit, and a real-time echo generation unit based on the frequency domain method. The interference supports interference from illegal electronic equipment on ships, mutual interference between multiple radars, interference from ship metal components, and combined interference.

4. The architecture design of the all-digital multi-mode networked radar anti-jamming simulation platform according to claim 1, characterized in that, The performance analysis module supports evaluation of three types of indicators: detection capability and positioning accuracy, imaging capability, and anti-interference capability. The detection capability and positioning accuracy indicators include bistatic single-pulse ranging accuracy, angle measurement accuracy, and positioning accuracy. The imaging capability indicators include bistatic SAR imaging swath width, imaging resolution, synthetic aperture time, and peak-to-sidelobe ratio. The anti-interference capability indicators include the suppression ratio against interference from illegal electronic devices, the suppression ratio against interference from multiple radars, the suppression ratio against interference from metal components, and the suppression ratio against combined interference.

5. The architecture design of the all-digital multi-mode networked radar anti-jamming simulation platform according to claim 1, characterized in that, The configuration design module supports custom configuration and editing of network radar technology systems (bistatic monopulse, bistatic SAR), geometric configurations, and instantaneous bandwidth.

6. The architecture design of the all-digital multi-mode networked radar anti-jamming simulation platform according to claim 1, characterized in that, The resource layer provides the basic resource support required for simulation, including typical ship motion trajectory data, ship RCS data, near-shore / port scene simulation algorithms, target characteristic simulation algorithms, dual / multi-base radar echo generation algorithms, dual / multi-base monopulse detection algorithms, dual / multi-base SAR imaging algorithms, and performance analysis algorithms.

7. The architecture design of the all-digital multi-mode networked radar anti-jamming simulation platform according to claim 1, characterized in that, The user layer provides a parameter setting area, an information prompt area, an image display area, and a result analysis area.

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