Simulation method for load sharing rate of two mine tires with same wheel position installed side by side on inclined road surface

Abstract

The application discloses a simulation calculation method of load sharing rates of two mine tires with same wheel position and side-by-side installation under an inclined road surface and relates to the technical field of tires.The application realizes a calculation method of load sharing rates of two tires with same wheel position under the condition of an inclined mine road surface by combining real road surface geometry collection with tire finite element simulation, can provide data for obtaining stress characteristics of mine vehicles and mine tires, and provides a theoretical basis for optimizing a tire design method, standardizing mine tire use and providing a road maintenance scheme.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tire technology, specifically to a simulation calculation method for the load sharing rate of two mining tires installed side-by-side at the same wheel position on an inclined road surface. Background Technology

[0002] As the core equipment for material transfer in mines, mining transport vehicles operate under heavy loads and harsh conditions for extended periods. The reliability of their running gear directly determines the efficiency and safety of mine production. Mining tires, as key components in contact with the road surface, bear the heavy load of the entire vehicle. The typical structural design of heavy-duty mining vehicles is the installation of two tires side-by-side in the same wheel position, which effectively improves the load-bearing capacity of the wheel position, distributes road surface contact pressure, and reduces the risk of wear and damage to a single tire.

[0003] Roads in mining areas are subject to repeated crushing by heavy vehicles, changes in geological conditions, and the influence of the natural environment. As a result, the road surface is highly susceptible to plastic deformation, gradually evolving from an initially smooth, level surface into a sloping, uneven state with one end higher than the other – a common feature of mining roads. When mining vehicles travel on such sloping surfaces, the difference in contact height between the two tires at the same wheel position due to the road's inclination causes a significant uneven distribution of the actual load. This difference in load distribution directly leads to inconsistent tire tread wear rates and wear zones, drastically shortening tire lifespan and increasing replacement frequency and operating costs. Furthermore, uneven load distribution can cause wheel imbalance, exacerbating fatigue damage to vehicle suspension, rims, and other components, and even affecting vehicle stability, increasing safety hazards during mining operations.

[0004] Accurately obtaining the actual load-sharing ratio of two tires in the same wheel position on sloping roads is crucial for optimizing mine tire structure design, developing reasonable tire usage specifications, and improving mine road maintenance plans. It is also key to enhancing the driving safety of mining vehicles and reducing operating costs. Currently, industry research on tire load primarily focuses on the load characteristics of single or dual tires on level, smooth roads. For uneven road conditions like sloping surfaces, an effective method has not yet been developed that can accurately calculate the load-sharing ratio of two tires in the same wheel position using simulation techniques, taking into account the actual geometric characteristics of mine roads. Existing technologies are insufficient to meet the needs of tire load analysis and vehicle operation optimization under actual mining conditions. Therefore, developing a simulation calculation method for the load-sharing ratio of two tires in the same wheel position that adapts to the characteristics of sloping mine roads has significant engineering application value. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a simulation calculation method for the load sharing ratio of two mining tires installed side by side at the same wheel position on an inclined road surface. By combining the acquisition of real road surface geometry with tire finite element simulation, a method for calculating the load sharing ratio of two tires at the same wheel position under inclined mining road conditions is realized. This method can provide data for obtaining the stress characteristics of mining vehicles and mining tires, and provide a theoretical basis for optimizing tire design methods, standardizing the use of mining tires, and providing road maintenance solutions.

[0006] The technical solution of this invention is as follows:

[0007] A simulation calculation method for the load sharing ratio of two mining tires installed side-by-side at the same wheel position on an inclined road surface includes the following steps:

[0008] S1 uses laser scanning equipment to obtain the geometric contour of the cross-section of the mine road surface;

[0009] S2 determines the relative positional relationship of tires A and B, which are installed side by side at the same wheel position, in the road geometry.

[0010] S3. Establish a finite element model of the road surface with the geometric profile of the road surface cross section obtained in step S1.

[0011] S4 establishes a finite element simulation calculation of the finite element road surface model being loaded onto tire A using displacement boundary conditions;

[0012] S5 establishes a finite element simulation calculation of the finite element road surface model being loaded onto tire B using displacement boundary conditions;

[0013] S6 Based on the calculation results of steps S4 and S5, plot the curves showing the relationship between road displacement and tire force for tires A and B.

[0014] S7 calculates the resultant force of tire A and tire B from steps S4 and S5, and plots the curve of the relationship between the total wheel load and the road surface displacement.

[0015] S8 establishes the relationship curve between the total load of the wheel position and the load sharing rate of the dual tires based on steps S6 and S7.

[0016] Preferably, in step S4, the control points of the finite element road surface model established in step S3 are controlled, and displacement boundary conditions are applied to the tire A direction: the rim reference point of the finite element road surface model is controlled as a fixed constraint, the historical output variable is set as the radial displacement of the road surface reference point, and the historical output variable is set as the radial reaction force of the rim reference point.

[0017] Preferably, in step S5, the control points of the finite element road surface model established in step S3 are controlled, and displacement boundary conditions are applied to the tire B direction: the rim reference point of the finite element road surface model is controlled as a fixed constraint, the historical output variable is set as the radial displacement of the road surface reference point, and the historical output variable is set as the radial reaction force of the rim reference point.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0019] 1. This invention constructs a finite element road surface model based on the geometric contour of the actual cross-section of the mine road surface collected by laser scanning equipment. It overcomes the limitations of the ideal horizontal / regular road surface model used in the prior art and accurately restores the actual shape of the inclined mine road surface. At the same time, by determining the actual relative positional relationship between the tire and the inclined road surface, the simulation results of the load sharing rate are highly consistent with the tire stress state during the actual driving process of the mine vehicle, which greatly improves the accuracy and reference value of the calculation results.

[0020] 2. Addressing the industry pain point of lacking an effective method for predicting the load sharing of two tires in the same wheel position on inclined roads in existing technologies, this invention establishes a standardized and reproducible simulation calculation method for the load sharing rate of two tires on inclined roads through a complete process of single-tire step-by-step loading simulation, force curve plotting, total load calculation, and load sharing rate derivation. This invention is the first to achieve quantitative calculation of the load sharing rate of two tires under inclined road conditions in mines, filling the research and application gap in this technical field.

[0021] 3. This invention not only outputs the core relationship curve between the total wheel load and the load sharing ratio of dual tires, but also simultaneously obtains multi-dimensional data such as the road displacement-stress relationship curve for a single tire and the total wheel load-road displacement relationship curve. This comprehensively reflects the stress characteristics and load distribution patterns of dual tires on inclined roads. This data provides precise design input for tire R&D companies to optimize the structural design of mining tires and improve their wear resistance and load imbalance resistance. It also provides data support for mining companies to formulate reasonable tire usage specifications and optimize tire replacement cycles, effectively extending the actual service life of mining tires and reducing tire operating costs.

[0022] 4. The load sharing rate data calculated by this invention can accurately reflect the influence of inclined road surfaces on vehicle wheel positions, providing a basis for mining enterprises to optimize vehicle routes and standardize the operating conditions of heavy-duty vehicles. This effectively alleviates the problem of wheel position force imbalance, reduces the risk of fatigue damage to vehicle suspension, wheel rims, and other components, and improves the stability and safety of mining vehicles. At the same time, based on the correlation between road surface inclination and dual-tire load sharing imbalance, it can also provide theoretical reference for mines to formulate targeted road maintenance plans and determine road surface inclination repair thresholds, promoting the transformation of mine road maintenance from "experience-based" to "data-driven".

[0023] 5. The core calculation logic of this invention can be flexibly adjusted according to the road surface geological characteristics of different mines and the wheel position parameters (such as wheel-side distance and tire specifications) of different types of mining vehicles. Only by changing the corresponding road surface contour scanning data and tire finite element model, the calculation of the dual tire load sharing rate on inclined roads under different working conditions can be realized. It is applicable to the dual tire load analysis of heavy-duty vehicles in various open-pit mines and underground mines, and has good scalability and industry universality. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 It is the three-dimensional geometric contour model of the mine road obtained in step S1-1 of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 This is the geometric model of the mine road cross-section obtained in step S1-2 of Embodiment 1 of the present invention. In the figure, the red lines represent the horizontal plane and the black lines represent the road cross-section.

[0026] Figure 3 This refers to the positional relationship between the tire and the road surface cross section obtained in step S2 of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 It is the finite element road model of the mine road surface obtained in step S3 of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the relative position of the road surface displacement control point and the road surface in step S4 of embodiment 1 of the present invention. The red dots in the diagram represent the road surface displacement control points.

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the relative state of tire A and road surface obtained in step S4 of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the relative state of tire B and road surface obtained in step S5 of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 8 This is a graph showing the relationship between road surface displacement and tire force for tires A and B, obtained in step S6 of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 9 This is a graph showing the relationship between the total wheel load and the load sharing ratio of the two tires obtained in step S8 of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0033] In the diagram, 1 is tire A; 2 is tire B. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of this invention, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of this invention.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] This embodiment provides a simulation calculation method for the load sharing rate of two mining tires installed side-by-side at the same wheel position on an inclined road surface, including the following steps:

[0037] S1 uses laser scanning equipment to obtain the geometric contours of the cross-section of the mine road surface.

[0038] S1-1 uses a handheld 3D laser scanning device (AtlaScan Max, Hexagon) to scan the 3D geometric contour of the mine road surface and obtain a 3D geometric contour model of the road surface. The completed 3D geometric contour model of the mine road is shown below. Figure 1 As shown.

[0039] S1-2 uses the 3D geometry editing software CATIA to take a cross-section in the direction perpendicular to the vehicle's driving direction from the acquired 3D geometric contour model of the mine road, obtaining a 2D cross-sectional geometric model of the mine road, and saves the cross-sectional geometric model in a CAD-recognizable file format. The acquired mine road cross-sectional geometric model is shown below. Figure 2 As shown. Figure 2 This indicates that the road cross-section is tilted in the vertical direction relative to the horizontal plane.

[0040] S2 determines the relative positional relationship of tires A1 and B2, which are installed side-by-side at the same wheel position, within the road geometry.

[0041] Based on the total wheel-to-wheel distance of the mining vehicle, the relative position of the tires to the road cross-section is determined. In this embodiment, the distance between the left and right wheel edges is 4.2m. The positional relationship between the tires and the road cross-section during the mining vehicle's operation is as follows: Figure 3 As shown.

[0042] S3. Establish a finite element pavement model based on the pavement cross-sectional geometry obtained in step S1.

[0043] The 3D geometric contour model of the mine road generated in step S1 is imported into the finite element analysis software Abaqus to establish a discrete rigid body surface model. An .inp format calculation file containing the road surface model information is then output. This road surface model will subsequently serve as the finite element road model for tire simulation analysis of the mine pavement. Figure 4 As shown.

[0044] S4 establishes a finite element simulation calculation of the load applied to tire A1 by using displacement boundary conditions on the finite element road surface model.

[0045] Establish Figure 3 The finite element model of the mining tire at location A is shown; the control points of the finite element road surface model established in control step S3 (such as...) Figure 5 As shown in the figure, displacement boundary conditions are applied to the tire A1 direction: the rim reference point of the finite element road surface model is controlled as a fixed constraint, the historical output variable is set as the radial displacement of the road surface reference point, and the historical output variable is set as the radial reaction force of the rim reference point; the Abaqus Standard solver is submitted to complete the simulation analysis calculation of applying displacement conditions to the road surface on the tire A1. After the calculation is completed, the relative state of tire A1 and the road surface is as follows. Figure 6 As shown.

[0046] S5 establishes a finite element simulation calculation of the load applied to tire B2 by using displacement boundary conditions on a finite element road surface model.

[0047] Establish Figure 3 The finite element model of the mining tire at position B is shown. Controlling the control points of the finite element pavement model established in step S3, displacement boundary conditions are applied to the tire B2 direction: the rim reference point of the finite element pavement model is controlled as a fixed constraint, the historical output variable is set as the radial displacement of the pavement reference point, and the historical output variable is set as the radial reaction force of the rim reference point; the Abaqus Standard solver is submitted to complete the simulation analysis calculation of applying displacement conditions to the pavement on tire B2. After the calculation, the relative state between tire B2 and the pavement is as follows: Figure 7 As shown.

[0048] Based on the calculation results of steps S4 and S5, plot the curves showing the relationship between road displacement and tire force for tires A1 and B2.

[0049] Extract the historical road displacement curves from the road displacement control points after the calculation in step S4, extract the historical radial force curve from the rim reference point, and merge the curves to generate the road displacement and tire force relationship curve for tire A1; extract the historical road displacement curves from the road displacement control points after the calculation in step S5, extract the historical radial force curve from the rim reference point, and merge the curves to generate the road displacement and tire force relationship curve for tire B2. Plot both curves simultaneously on the same line graph, as shown below. Figure 8 As shown.

[0050] S7 calculates the resultant force of tire A1 and tire B2 using steps S4 and S5, and plots the curve showing the relationship between the total wheel load and the road surface displacement.

[0051] Add the radial force data of tire A1 with the same road displacement value obtained in step S6 to obtain the correspondence between the total wheel load of the two tires at that wheel position and the road displacement value.

[0052] S8 establishes the relationship curve between the total load of the wheel position and the load sharing rate of the dual tires based on steps S6 and S7.

[0053] S8-1 divides the radial force of tire A1 with the same road surface displacement value by the total load of the two tires (i.e., the total load of the wheel position) to obtain the load sharing rate of tire A1 on the total load of the wheel position.

[0054] S8-2 divides the radial force of tire B2 with the same road displacement value by the total load of the two tires (i.e., the total wheel load) to obtain the load sharing rate of tire B2 on the total wheel load.

[0055] S8-3 plots the relationship curve between the total load of the wheel position and the load sharing ratio of tire A1; plots the relationship curve between the total load of the wheel position and the load sharing ratio of tire B2; plots the two curves in the same table to obtain the relationship curve between the total load of the wheel position and the load sharing ratio of the two tires in the same wheel position under the condition of the inclined road surface in the mine, such as Figure 9 As shown. By Figure 9 It can be seen that when the vehicle is in motion, tire A, which is installed side by side on the same wheel position on an inclined road, has a higher load sharing rate than tire B. Under the condition of a total wheel load of 33T, the load sharing rate of tire A is 69%, while that of tire B is 31%. According to actual market use verification, the service life of tire A is 13,500km, while that of tire B is 22,300km. Tire A has a shorter service life and is more prone to failure.

Claims

1. A simulation calculation method for load sharing rate of two mine tires installed side by side in the same wheel position on an inclined road surface, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1 uses laser scanning equipment to obtain the geometric contour of the cross-section of the mine road surface; S2 determines the relative positional relationship of tires A and B, which are installed side by side at the same wheel position, in the road geometry. S3. Establish a finite element model of the road surface with the geometric profile of the road surface cross section obtained in step S1. S4 establishes a finite element simulation calculation of the finite element road surface model being loaded onto tire A using displacement boundary conditions; S5 establishes a finite element simulation calculation of the finite element road surface model being loaded onto tire B using displacement boundary conditions; S6 Based on the calculation results of steps S4 and S5, plot the curves showing the relationship between road displacement and tire force for tires A and B. S7 calculates the resultant force of tire A and tire B from steps S4 and S5, and plots the curve of the relationship between the total wheel load and the road surface displacement. S8 Based on steps S6 and S7, establish the relationship curve between the total load of the wheel position and the load sharing rate of the dual tires; In step S4, control the control points of the finite element road surface model established in step S3, and apply displacement boundary conditions in the direction of tire A: control the rim reference point of the finite element road surface model as a fixed constraint, set the historical output variable as the radial displacement of the road surface reference point, and set the historical output variable as the radial reaction force of the rim reference point. In step S5, control the control points of the finite element road surface model established in step S3, and apply displacement boundary conditions in the direction of tire B: control the rim reference point of the finite element road surface model as a fixed constraint, set the historical output variable as the radial displacement of the road surface reference point, and set the historical output variable as the radial reaction force of the rim reference point.

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