Lithium precipitation window determination method and device, energy recovery method, equipment and medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a lithium precipitation window determination method and device, an energy recovery method, equipment and a medium, and the lithium precipitation window determination method comprises the steps: charging a target battery according to a first charging rate in a target state of charge; determining the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential of the target battery under the charging of the first charging rate; and under the condition that the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential meet a preset condition, determining a lithium precipitation window of the target battery according to the first charging rate. According to the method, the lithium precipitation window of the target battery is determined based on the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential of the target battery in the target charge state according to the first charging rate, and the determination accuracy of the lithium precipitation window is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of batteries, and particularly relates to a lithium precipitation window determination method and device, an energy recovery method, equipment and a medium. BACKGROUND

[0002] Lithium precipitation is a kind of loss condition of a lithium ion battery. After lithium precipitation of the lithium ion battery, the service life of the lithium ion battery will be accelerated to decay, and there will be a safety risk if the lithium ion battery continues to be used. Therefore, how to obtain the lithium precipitation window of the lithium ion battery is particularly important.

[0003] In the related art, an optical method or an imaging method such as a scanning electron microscope is usually used to determine the lithium precipitation window of a battery. However, the accuracy of the obtained lithium precipitation window of the battery is low. SUMMARY

[0004] Therefore, the embodiments of the present application provide a lithium precipitation window determination method and device, an energy recovery method, equipment and a medium to overcome the above problems of the prior art.

[0005] In a first aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a lithium precipitation window determination method, comprising:

[0006] charging the target battery according to a first charging rate at a target state of charge;

[0007] determining a current anode potential and a current internal resistance potential of the target battery under the charging of the first charging rate;

[0008] determining the lithium precipitation window of the target battery according to the first charging rate in a case where the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential meet a preset condition.

[0009] The scheme provided by the present application is that, in the process of charging the battery, the thermodynamic lithium precipitation potential of the battery is 0 millivolt, in the case of lithium precipitation of the battery, the anode potential and the internal resistance potential of the battery become very close, and based on the anode potential and the internal resistance potential of the battery under the charging of the first charging rate at the target state of charge, the lithium precipitation window of the battery is determined, which is beneficial to improve the determination accuracy of the lithium precipitation window.

[0010] In some optional embodiments, the determination of the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential of the target battery under the charging of the first charging rate comprises:

[0011] determining the current anode potential according to a first correspondence relationship of the target battery and the first charging rate, the first correspondence relationship being used to represent a correspondence relationship between the charging rate and the anode potential of the target battery at the target state of charge;

[0012] The current internal resistance potential is determined according to the second correspondence relationship of the target battery and the first charging rate, and the second correspondence relationship is used to represent a correspondence relationship between a charging rate and an internal resistance potential of the target battery at a target state of charge.

[0013] The scheme provided by the embodiment is used for determining the current anode potential according to the correspondence relationship between the charging rate and the anode potential at the target state of charge and the first charging rate, and determining the current internal resistance potential according to the correspondence relationship between the charging rate and the internal resistance potential at the target state of charge and the first charging rate, which is beneficial to improving the accuracy of the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential.

[0014] In some optional embodiments, before the target battery is charged at the first charging rate at the target state of charge, the lithium extraction window determination method further includes:

[0015] determining a first correspondence relationship of the target battery at the target state of charge;

[0016] determining a second correspondence relationship of the target battery at the target state of charge.

[0017] The scheme provided by the embodiment is used for determining the first correspondence relationship of the target battery at the target state of charge and the second correspondence relationship of the target battery at the target state of charge in advance, so as to determine the current anode potential according to the first correspondence relationship and determine the current internal resistance potential according to the second correspondence relationship, which is beneficial to improving the accuracy of the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential.

[0018] In some optional embodiments, the first correspondence relationship of the target battery at the target state of charge is determined by:

[0019] determining a plurality of anode potentials of the target battery charged by a plurality of preset charging rates at the target state of charge, each preset charging rate corresponding to an anode potential;

[0020] determining the first correspondence relationship according to the plurality of preset charging rates and the plurality of anode potentials.

[0021] The scheme provided by the embodiment is used for determining the first correspondence relationship according to the plurality of preset charging rates of the target battery at the target state of charge and the plurality of anode potentials corresponding to the plurality of preset charging rates, which improves the accuracy of the first correspondence relationship.

[0022] In some optional embodiments, the plurality of anode potentials of the target battery charged by the plurality of preset charging rates at the target state of charge are determined by:

[0023] In the case that the target battery is at the target state of charge, one anode potential after the target battery is charged for a preset time length based on each preset charging rate is collected respectively to obtain the plurality of anode potentials.

[0024] The scheme provided by the embodiment is that each anode potential is a measured potential in a charging process of each preset charging rate, which is beneficial to improving the accuracy of the first corresponding relationship determined according to the plurality of anode potentials and the plurality of preset charging rates.

[0025] In some optional embodiments, the method further includes:

[0026] determining a plurality of internal resistance potentials of the target battery under the target state of charge and charged by the plurality of preset charging rates, each preset charging rate corresponding to one internal resistance potential;

[0027] determining the second corresponding relationship according to the plurality of preset charging rates and the plurality of internal resistance potentials.

[0028] The scheme provided by the embodiment is that the second corresponding relationship is determined according to the plurality of preset charging rates and the plurality of internal resistance potentials of the target battery under the target state of charge, which improves the accuracy of the second corresponding relationship.

[0029] In some optional embodiments, the method further includes:

[0030] determining a current cell impedance of the target battery under the target state of charge;

[0031] determining one internal resistance potential according to each preset charging rate and the current cell impedance to obtain the plurality of internal resistance potentials.

[0032] The scheme provided by the embodiment is that one internal resistance potential is calculated according to each preset charging rate and the current cell impedance, which improves the accuracy of the internal resistance potential.

[0033] In some optional embodiments, the method further includes:

[0034] performing an impedance test on the target battery under the target state of charge to obtain the current cell impedance.

[0035] The scheme provided by the embodiment is that the current cell impedance is measured based on the impedance test process of the target battery, which is beneficial to improving the calculation accuracy of the internal resistance potential calculated according to the current cell impedance.

[0036] In some optional embodiments, the method further includes:

[0037] obtaining an anode image of the target battery after a preset number of cyclic charging and discharging, a charging process of each cyclic charging and discharging being performed with the target state of charge as a starting charging state and charging the target battery for a preset time based on a target charging rate corresponding to the lithium precipitation window.

[0038] Determine whether the lithium precipitation window is accurate according to the anode image.

[0039] The scheme provided by the embodiment is based on the anode image after the preset number of cycles of charging and discharging, and verifies the lithium precipitation window of the target battery, which is beneficial to further improve the determination accuracy of the lithium precipitation window.

[0040] In some optional embodiments, determining whether the lithium precipitation window is accurate according to the anode image comprises:

[0041] In the case where the anode image contains the lithium precipitation image, it is determined that the lithium precipitation window is accurate;

[0042] In the case where the anode image does not contain the lithium precipitation image, it is determined that the lithium precipitation window is not accurate.

[0043] The scheme provided by the embodiment is based on whether the anode image after the cycle of charging and discharging contains the lithium precipitation image, and judges the determination accuracy of the lithium precipitation window, thereby improving the accuracy of the judgment result.

[0044] In some optional embodiments, before charging the target battery according to the first charging rate at the target state of charge, the lithium precipitation window determination method further comprises:

[0045] Control the target battery to be charged to a full charge state;

[0046] Discharge the target battery in the full charge state until the target battery is in the target state of charge.

[0047] The scheme provided by the embodiment improves the control accuracy of controlling the state of charge of the target battery by fully charging the target battery first and then discharging it to the target state of charge.

[0048] In some optional embodiments, before determining the lithium precipitation window of the target battery according to the first charging rate in the case where the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential meet the preset condition, the lithium precipitation window determination method further comprises:

[0049] Determine the concentration polarization potential of the target battery under the first charging rate;

[0050] In the case where the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential meet the preset condition, determining the lithium precipitation window of the target battery according to the first charging rate comprises:

[0051] In the case where the current anode potential, the current internal resistance potential and the concentration polarization potential meet the preset condition, determining the lithium precipitation window of the target battery according to the first charging rate.

[0052] The scheme provided by the embodiment is beneficial to further improving the determination accuracy of the lithium precipitation window, because the lithium precipitation window of the battery is determined based on the anode potential, the internal resistance potential and the concentration polarization potential of the battery under the target state of charge and under the first charging rate.

[0053] In a second aspect, the embodiment of the present application provides an energy recovery method, comprising:

[0054] In a case where it is determined that the vehicle receives a braking instruction, a current charging rate is determined according to the lithium precipitation window of the vehicle battery, and the current charging rate is obtained according to the first charging rate in a case where the target anode potential and the current internal resistance potential of the vehicle battery under the first charging rate satisfy a preset condition.

[0055] The vehicle is controlled to perform energy recovery according to the current charging rate.

[0056] The scheme provided by the embodiment is beneficial to improving the service life of the vehicle battery, because the vehicle is controlled to perform energy recovery according to the lithium precipitation window of the vehicle battery in the energy recovery process of the vehicle, so that the performance of the vehicle battery is prevented from being reduced due to the impact of an excessively large pulse current.

[0057] In a third aspect, the embodiment of the present application provides a lithium precipitation window determination device, comprising:

[0058] The charging module is configured to charge the target battery according to a first charging rate under a target state of charge.

[0059] The first potential determination module is configured to determine a current anode potential and a current internal resistance potential of the target battery under the first charging rate.

[0060] The window determination module is configured to determine the lithium precipitation window of the target battery according to the first charging rate in a case where the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential satisfy a preset condition.

[0061] In a fourth aspect, the embodiment of the present application provides an energy recovery device, comprising:

[0062] The charging rate determination module is configured to determine a current charging rate according to the lithium precipitation window of the vehicle battery in a case where it is determined that the vehicle receives a braking instruction, and the current charging rate is obtained according to the first charging rate in a case where the target anode potential and the target internal resistance potential of the vehicle battery under the first charging rate satisfy a preset condition.

[0063] The energy recovery control module is configured to control the vehicle to perform energy recovery according to the current charging rate.

[0064] In a fifth aspect, the embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, comprising:

[0065] a memory;

[0066] one or more processors coupled to the memory;

[0067] one or more application programs, wherein the one or more application programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the one or more processors, and the one or more application programs are configured to perform the lithium stripping window determination method according to the first aspect, or the energy recovery method according to the second aspect.

[0068] In a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer readable storage medium, and the computer readable storage medium stores program codes, and the program codes can be invoked by a processor to execute the lithium stripping window determination method according to the first aspect, or the energy recovery method according to the second aspect.

[0069] In a seventh aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product, and the computer program product, when running on a computer device, enables the computer device to execute the lithium stripping window determination method according to the first aspect, or the energy recovery method according to the second aspect.

[0070] It can be understood that beneficial effects of the third aspect to the seventh aspect can be referred to the related description in the first aspect or the second aspect, and will not be repeated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0071] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or exemplary technical description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative effort on the basis of these drawings.

[0072] Figure 1 A scene schematic diagram of a lithium stripping window determination system provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0073] Figure 2 A structure schematic diagram of a target battery in the lithium stripping window determination system provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0074] Figure 3 A flow schematic diagram of a lithium stripping window determination method provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0075] Figure 4 Another flow schematic diagram of a lithium stripping window determination method provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0076] Figure 5A scenario schematic diagram of the anode potential change curve and the internal resistance potential change curve in the lithium precipitation window determination method provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown.

[0077] Figure 6 Another flow schematic diagram of the lithium precipitation window determination method provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown.

[0078] Figure 7 A flow schematic diagram of the energy recovery method provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown.

[0079] Figure 8 A structure block diagram of the lithium precipitation window determination apparatus provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown.

[0080] Figure 9 A structure block diagram of the energy recovery apparatus provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown.

[0081] Figure 10 A function block diagram of the electronic device provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown.

[0082] Figure 11 A computer readable storage medium for storing or carrying program codes for implementing the lithium precipitation window determination method provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown.

[0083] Figure 12 A computer program product for storing or carrying program codes for implementing the lithium precipitation window determination method provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0084] In order to make the objectives, characteristics and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only some of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0085] It should be understood that when used in the specification and the appended claims, the term "comprising" indicates the presence of the described features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof.

[0086] It should also be understood that the terms used herein in the specification and the attached claims are for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and are not intended to be limiting, as the scope of the application will be limited only by the appended claims.

[0087] It should also be further understood that the term "and / or" used in the specification and the appended claims herein is to be construed to mean an inclusive or, such that any combination of recited items is considered to be within the scope of the present application.

[0088] In addition, in the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second", "third" and the like are only used to distinguish the description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0089] Lithium precipitation is a loss condition of a lithium ion battery, after the lithium ion battery precipitates lithium, the service life thereof will be accelerated to decay, and there is also a safety risk in continued use. Therefore, how to obtain the lithium precipitation window of the lithium ion battery is particularly important.

[0090] In the related art, the optical method, the scanning electron microscope and the like imaging methods are usually used to determine the lithium precipitation window of the battery. However, the accuracy of the obtained lithium precipitation window of the battery is low at present.

[0091] In view of the above problems, the lithium precipitation window determination method and device, energy recovery method, equipment and medium provided by the embodiments of the present application, at a target state of charge, the target battery is charged according to a first charging rate, and the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential of the target battery under the first charging rate are determined, and in the case that the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential meet a preset condition, the lithium precipitation window of the target battery is determined according to the first charging rate. In the process of charging the battery, the thermodynamic lithium precipitation potential of the battery is 0 millivolt, in the case that the battery appears lithium precipitation, the anode potential and the internal resistance potential of the battery become very close. Based on the anode potential and the internal resistance potential of the battery under the target state of charge according to the first charging rate, the lithium precipitation window of the battery is determined, which is beneficial to improve the determination accuracy of the lithium precipitation window.

[0092] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

[0093] Please refer to Figure 1 which shows an application scenario of the lithium precipitation window determination system provided by the embodiments of the present application. The lithium precipitation window determination system can include a target battery 100, a charging device 200 and a processing device 300. The processing device 300 is communicatively connected to the target battery 100 and the charging device 200, and performs data interaction with the target battery 100 and the charging device 200.

[0094] The target battery 100 can be any one of a lithium cobalt oxide battery, a lithium manganese oxide battery, a lithium nickel oxide battery, a lithium iron phosphate battery, a ternary lithium battery, or a sodium ion battery, but is not limited thereto.

[0095] The charging device 200 can be any one of a direct current charging device, an alternating current charging device, or the like.

[0096] The processing device 300 can be any one of a server or a terminal device, but is not limited thereto.

[0097] The server can be any one of a stand-alone physical server, a server cluster composed of multiple physical servers, a distributed system, a cloud server, or the like.

[0098] The terminal device can be any one of a mobile terminal device (for example, a mobile phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a tablet personal computer (Tablet PC), a notebook computer, a smart watch, a smart bracelet, or the like) and a fixed terminal device (for example, a transmission control unit (TCU), a desktop computer, a smart panel, an all-in-one computer, or the like).

[0099] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 1, the target battery 100 can include two single-layer coated cathodes and one double-layer coated anode, and the anode is arranged between the two anodes. A diaphragm is arranged between the anode and the cathode, and a copper wire can be arranged in the middle of the diaphragm between any anode and cathode. The copper wire extends to the outside of the target battery 100 to serve as a reference electrode of the target battery 100. Figure 2

[0100] Please refer to FIG. 2, which shows a flowchart of a lithium precipitation window determination method provided by an embodiment of the present application. In specific embodiments, the lithium precipitation window determination method can be applied to the processing device 300 in the lithium precipitation window determination system. In the following, the lithium precipitation window determination method will be described in detail with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG. 2, and the lithium precipitation window determination method can include the following steps 110 to 130. Figure 3 Figure 3

[0101] Step 110: Charging the target battery according to a first charging rate at a target state of charge.

[0102] ​​​In the embodiments of the present application, in the case that the user needs to determine the lithium precipitation window of the target battery, a determination instruction can be sent to the processing device, the processing device receives and responds to the determination instruction, and charges the target battery according to a first charging rate when the target battery is at a target state of charge (SOC).

[0103] The target SOC is the ratio of the target remaining capacity of the target battery to the full charge capacity, usually expressed in percentage. For example, the target SOC can include but is not limited to any one of 80%, 75%, 65%, etc.

[0104] The first charging rate can be any charging rate, and the first charging rate can include but is not limited to any one of 0.4C, 0.7C, 0.8C, 1C, etc.

[0105] Specifically, in the case that the user needs to determine the lithium precipitation window of the target battery, a determination instruction can be sent to the processing device, the processing device receives and responds to the determination instruction, and sends a first charging instruction carrying the first charging rate to the charging device when the target battery is at the target SOC, the charging device receives and responds to the first charging instruction, and charges the target battery according to the first charging rate.

[0106] In some embodiments, in the case that the user needs to determine the lithium precipitation window of the target battery, a determination instruction can be sent to the processing device, the processing device receives and responds to the determination instruction, and controls the target battery to be charged to a full charge state, and discharges the target battery in the full charge state until the target battery is at the target SOC. By fully charging the target battery first and then discharging it to the target SOC, the control accuracy of controlling the SOC of the target battery is improved.

[0107] Specifically, the lithium precipitation window determination system can further include a battery management system (BMS), which is configured to collect the SOC of the target battery. The BMS is communicatively connected to the processing device and exchanges data with the processing device.

[0108] In a case where the user needs to determine the lithium precipitation window of the target battery, a determination instruction can be sent to the processing device, the processing device receives and responds to the determination instruction, sends a first collection instruction to the BMS, the BMS receives and responds to the first collection instruction, collects the SOC of the target battery, obtains an initial SOC, and sends the initial SOC to the processing device, the processing device receives the initial SOC returned by the BMS, determines a first charging parameter of the target battery according to a first SOC difference between the initial SOC and the full-charge SOC, and sends a second charging instruction carrying the first charging parameter to the charging device, the charging device receives and responds to the second charging instruction, charges the target battery to a full-charge state according to the first charging parameter, stops charging the target battery, and sends full-charge information to the processing device, the processing device receives and responds to the full-charge information returned by the charging device, determines a first discharging parameter of the target battery according to a second SOC difference between the full-charge SOC and the target SOC, and sends a first discharging instruction carrying the first discharging parameter to the target battery, the target battery receives and responds to the first discharging instruction, discharges according to the first discharging parameter until the target battery is at the target SOC.

[0109] The full-charge SOC corresponds to the full-charge state, the first charging parameter can include but is not limited to a first charging current, a first charging voltage, a first charging time length, etc., the full-charge information can be used to represent that the target battery is at the full-charge SOC, and the first discharging parameter can include but is not limited to a first discharging current, a first discharging voltage, a first discharging time length, etc.

[0110] In some embodiments, in a case where the user needs to determine the lithium precipitation window of the target battery, a determination instruction can be sent to the processing device, the processing device receives and responds to the determination instruction, sends a first collection instruction to the BMS, the BMS receives and responds to the first collection instruction, collects the SOC of the target battery, obtains an initial SOC, and sends the initial SOC to the processing device, the processing device receives the initial SOC returned by the BMS, in a case where the initial SOC is less than the target SOC, determines a second charging parameter of the target battery according to a third SOC difference between the target SOC and the initial SOC, and sends a third charging instruction carrying the second charging parameter to the charging device, the charging device receives and responds to the third charging instruction, charges the target battery according to the second charging parameter until the target battery is at the target SOC.

[0111] The second charging parameter can include but is not limited to a second charging current, a second charging voltage, a second charging time length, etc.

[0112] In some embodiments, in the case that the user needs to determine the lithium precipitation window of the target battery, a determination instruction can be sent to the processing device, the processing device receives and responds to the determination instruction, sends a first collection instruction to the BMS, the BMS receives and responds to the first collection instruction, collects the SOC of the target battery, obtains the initial SOC, and sends the initial SOC to the processing device, the processing device receives the initial SOC returned by the BMS, in the case that the initial SOC is greater than the target SOC, determines the second discharge parameter of the target battery according to the fourth SOC difference between the target SOC and the initial SOC, and sends a second discharge instruction carrying the second discharge parameter to the target battery, the target battery receives and responds to the second discharge instruction, discharges according to the second discharge parameter until the target battery is at the target SOC.

[0113] The second discharge parameter can include but is not limited to a second discharge current, a second discharge voltage, and a second discharge duration, etc.

[0114] In some embodiments, the processing device can be provided with an input panel, in the case that the user needs to determine the lithium precipitation window of the target battery, the determination instruction can be input on the input panel of the processing device, for example, the determination instruction can be handwritten on the input panel, and for example, the determination instruction can be input by pressing the keys on the input panel, and the processing device receives the determination instruction through the input panel.

[0115] In some embodiments, the processing device can be provided with a voice recognition module, in the case that the user needs to determine the lithium precipitation window of the target battery, voice information can be sent within the voice collection range of the voice recognition module, the voice recognition module collects the voice information issued by the user, and performs voice recognition on the collected voice information, and according to the recognition result of the voice recognition, in the case that the recognition result contains a keyword for indicating that the processing device determines the lithium precipitation window of the target battery, for example, the keyword is "determine the lithium precipitation window", and for example, the keyword is "lithium precipitation window" and "determine", etc., it is determined that the determination instruction for determining the lithium precipitation window of the target battery is received.

[0116] As an example, the voice information issued by the user is: to determine the lithium precipitation window of the target battery, and the recognition result of the voice recognition contains the keywords "lithium precipitation window" and "determine", and it is determined that the determination instruction for determining the lithium precipitation window of the target battery is received.

[0117] In some embodiments, the lithium precipitation window determination system can further include a user client, the user client can be connected to the processing device through a network, and perform data interaction with the processing device through the network.

[0118] In the case that the user needs to determine the lithium precipitation window of the target battery, a determination instruction can be sent to the user client, the user client receives and responds to the determination instruction, forwards the determination instruction to the processing device through the network, and the processing device receives the determination instruction forwarded by the user client.

[0119] The user client can include, but is not limited to, any one of a mobile client (for example, any one of a mobile phone client, a PDA client, a Tablet PC client, a notebook computer client, a smart watch client, a smart bracelet client, or a wearable client, etc.) or a fixed client (for example, a desktop computer client, a smart panel client, etc.), etc.

[0120] The network can include, but is not limited to, any one of a ZigBee network, a Bluetooth (BT) network, a Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) network, a Thread network, a Long Range Radio (LoRa) network, a Low-Power Wide-Area Network (LPWAN), an infrared network, a Narrow Band Internet of Things (NB-IoT), a Controller Area Network (CAN), a Digital Living Network Alliance (DLNA) network, a Wide Area Network (WAN), a Local Area Network (LAN), a Metropolitan Area Network (MAN), or a Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN), etc.

[0121] Step 120: determining the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential of the target battery under the first charging rate.

[0122] In the embodiments of the present application, the processing device can determine the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential of the target battery under the first charging rate.

[0123] In the process of determining the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential of the target battery under the first charging rate by the processing device, in some embodiments, the processing device can determine the current anode potential of the target battery according to the first correspondence relationship of the target battery and the first charging rate, and determine the current internal resistance potential of the target battery according to the second correspondence relationship of the target battery and the first charging rate, so as to determine the current anode potential according to the correspondence relationship between the charging rate and the anode potential under the target SOC and the first charging rate, and determine the current internal resistance potential according to the correspondence relationship between the charging rate and the internal resistance potential under the target SOC and the first charging rate, thereby improving the accuracy of the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential.

[0124] The first correspondence relationship is used to represent the correspondence relationship between the charging rate and the anode potential of the target battery under the target SOC, for example, the first correspondence relationship can include an anode potential change curve used to represent the correspondence relationship between the anode potential and the charging rate. The second correspondence relationship is used to represent the correspondence relationship between the charging rate and the internal resistance potential of the target battery under the target SOC, for example, the second correspondence relationship can include an internal resistance potential change curve used to represent the correspondence relationship between the internal resistance potential and the charging rate.

[0125] In the process of determining the current anode potential of the target battery under the first charging rate by the processing device, in some embodiments, the processing device can send a second collection instruction to the BMS, the BMS receives and responds to the second collection instruction, collects the anode potential of the target battery to obtain the current anode potential, and sends the current anode potential to the processing device, the processing device receives the current anode potential returned by the BMS, and calculates the current internal resistance potential according to the current cell impedance of the target battery and the first charging rate.

[0126] Step 130: determining the lithium precipitation window of the target battery according to the first charging rate in a case where the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential meet a preset condition.

[0127] In the embodiments of the present application, the processing device determines the lithium precipitation window of the target battery according to the first charging rate in a case where the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential meet a preset condition. In the process of charging the battery, the thermodynamic lithium precipitation potential of the battery is 0 millivolt. In the case of lithium precipitation of the battery, the anode potential and the internal resistance potential of the battery become very close. Based on the anode potential and the internal resistance potential of the battery under the first charging rate under the target SOC, the lithium precipitation window of the battery is determined, thereby improving the determination accuracy of the lithium precipitation window.

[0128] The preset condition can include but is not limited to that a first potential difference value between the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential is less than a first preset range, or the first potential difference value is 0, etc.

[0129] The first preset range can be used to represent a minimum potential difference value of the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential when the target battery is in the lithium precipitation state during the charging process.

[0130] It can be understood that for a lithium battery, the lithium precipitation window is the upper limit of the charging rate at which lithium ions precipitate metal lithium on the surface of the electrode material during the charging process of the lithium battery at the target SOC. When the charging rate of the lithium battery exceeds the upper limit of the charging rate corresponding to the lithium precipitation window, the lithium ions cannot be completely embedded in the whole positive electrode material, so that metal lithium is precipitated on the surface of the negative electrode material, that is, lithium precipitation or lithium plating.

[0131] For a sodium ion battery, the lithium precipitation window is the upper limit of the charging rate at which sodium ions precipitate metal sodium on the surface of the electrode material during the charging process of the sodium ion battery at the target SOC. When the charging rate of the sodium ion battery exceeds the upper limit of the charging rate corresponding to the lithium precipitation window, the sodium ions cannot be completely embedded in the whole positive electrode material, so that metal sodium is precipitated on the surface of the negative electrode material, that is, sodium precipitation or sodium plating.

[0132] The target charging rate corresponding to the lithium precipitation window of the target battery can include but is not limited to the first charging rate, or a charging rate that differs from the first charging rate by a preset charging rate difference.

[0133] In some embodiments, the processing device can determine the concentration polarization potential of the target battery under the first charging rate, and determine the lithium precipitation window of the target battery according to the first charging rate when the current anode potential, the current internal resistance potential and the concentration polarization potential meet the preset condition. Since there is a concentration polarization potential inside the battery, the lithium precipitation window of the battery is determined based on the anode potential, the internal resistance potential and the concentration polarization potential of the battery under the first charging rate at the target SOC, which is beneficial to further improve the determination accuracy of the lithium precipitation window.

[0134] The concentration polarization potential is a potential difference between the positive and negative electrodes of the target battery, which is caused by the change of the concentration of various particles participating in the electrochemical reaction in the electrolyte inside the target battery due to the chemical reaction on both the positive and negative electrode plates of the target battery during the charging process.

[0135] The preset condition can include but is not limited to a second potential difference value of the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential and the concentration polarization potential being less than a second preset range, or the second potential difference value being 0.

[0136] The second preset range can be used to represent a minimum potential difference value of the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential and the concentration polarization potential when the target battery is in the lithium precipitation state during the charging process.

[0137] The scheme provided in the application, at the target state of charge, charges the target battery according to the first charging rate, and determines the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential of the target battery under the first charging rate, and in the case that the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential meet the preset condition, determines the lithium precipitation window of the target battery according to the first charging rate, in the battery charging process, the battery thermodynamic lithium precipitation potential is 0 millivolt, in the case that the battery appears lithium precipitation, the anode potential and the internal resistance potential of the battery become very close, based on the anode potential and the internal resistance potential of the battery under the target state of charge according to the first charging rate, the lithium precipitation window of the battery is determined, which is beneficial to improve the determination accuracy of the lithium precipitation window.

[0138] Please refer to Figure 4 , which shows the flowchart of the lithium precipitation window determination method provided by another embodiment of the application. In a specific embodiment, the lithium precipitation window determination method can be applied to the processing device 300 in the lithium precipitation window determination system, and the following will take the processing device 300 as an example to elaborate the flowchart shown in the figure in detail, the lithium precipitation window determination method can include the following steps 210 to 260. Figure 4

[0139] Step 210: Determine the first corresponding relationship of the target battery under the target state of charge.

[0140] In this embodiment, in the case that the user needs to determine the lithium precipitation window of the target battery, the processing device can determine the first corresponding relationship of the target battery under the target SOC.

[0141] Specifically, in the case that the user needs to determine the lithium precipitation window of the target battery, the processing device can determine a plurality of anode potentials of the target battery under the target SOC charged by a plurality of preset charging rates, and determine the first corresponding relationship according to the plurality of preset charging rates and the plurality of anode potentials, the first corresponding relationship is determined according to the plurality of preset charging rates of the target battery under the target SOC and the plurality of anode potentials corresponding thereto, which improves the accuracy of the first corresponding relationship.

[0142] Each preset charging rate can correspond to an anode potential.

[0143] In the case that the target battery is in the target SOC, the processing device can respectively collect an anode potential after charging the target battery based on each preset charging rate for a preset time length, to obtain a plurality of anode potentials, each anode potential is a measured potential in the charging process of the corresponding each preset charging rate, which is beneficial to improve the accuracy of the first corresponding relationship determined according to the plurality of anode potentials and the plurality of preset charging rates.

[0144] Step 220: Determine the second corresponding relationship of the target battery under the target state of charge.​

[0145] In the embodiment, the processing device can determine the second correspondence relationship of the target battery at the target SOC.

[0146] Specifically, the processing device can determine a plurality of internal resistance potentials of the target battery at the target SOC under a plurality of preset charging rates, and determine the second correspondence relationship according to the plurality of preset charging rates and the plurality of internal resistance potentials, so as to improve the accuracy of the second correspondence relationship.

[0147] Each preset charging rate can correspond to an internal resistance potential.

[0148] The processing device can determine a current cell impedance of the target battery at the target SOC, and determine an internal resistance potential according to each preset charging rate and the current cell impedance, so as to obtain the plurality of internal resistance potentials, and improve the accuracy of the internal resistance potential.

[0149] The processing device can perform impedance testing on the target battery when the target battery is at the target SOC, so as to obtain the current cell impedance, which is beneficial to improve the calculation accuracy of the internal resistance potential according to the current cell impedance.

[0150] It can be understood that the impedance testing is Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) testing, and the EIS testing is an analysis method for studying the relationship between the electrochemical AC impedance and the frequency according to the small amplitude AC excitation signal in the form of sine law under the condition that the electrochemical battery is in the equilibrium state (open circuit state) or under the condition of certain stable direct current polarization.

[0151] As an example, a small current can be used to adjust the cell capacity of the target battery to any SOC state, and the target battery is left for ten minutes to restore the steady state, and a very small AC signal (for example, an AC signal with a frequency of 400Hz-150mHz) is applied to disturb the target battery, and the current cell impedance change of the target battery is measured to obtain the cell ohmic impedance value of the target battery, which is denoted as R Ω .

[0152] Step 230: charging the target battery according to the first charging rate at the target state of charge.

[0153] Step 240: determining the current anode potential according to the first correspondence relationship of the target battery and the first charging rate.

[0154] Step 250: determining a current internal resistance potential according to the second correspondence relationship of the target battery and the first charging rate.

[0155] Step 260: determining a lithium precipitation window of the target battery according to the first charging rate in a case where the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential meet a preset condition.

[0156] In the embodiment, the steps 230, 240, 250 and 260 can refer to the contents of the corresponding steps in the foregoing embodiments, which will not be described herein again.

[0157] In an application scenario, the target SOC of the target battery is 80%, the battery capacity of the target battery is 0.2 ampere hours (Ah), and the cell impedance R Ω = 0.24Ω.

[0158] The plurality of preset charging rates include a 0.4C charging rate, a 0.8C charging rate and a 1.2C charging rate, the preset time length is 10s, the plurality of anode potentials include a first anode potential, a second anode potential and a third anode potential, the plurality of internal resistance potentials include a first internal resistance potential, a second internal resistance potential and a third internal resistance potential, the 0.4C charging rate corresponds to the first anode potential and the first internal resistance potential, the 0.8C charging rate corresponds to the second anode potential and the second internal resistance potential, and the 1.2C charging rate corresponds to the third anode potential and the third internal resistance potential.

[0159] When the target battery is charged at the 0.4C charging rate, the first anode potential of 0.0396V is collected, and the first internal resistance potential is calculated according to the 0.4C charging rate, the battery capacity and the cell impedance R Ω = -0.4C·0.2Ah·0.24Ω = -0.0192V.

[0160] When the target battery is charged at the 0.8C charging rate, the second anode potential of -0.0155V is collected, and the second internal resistance potential is calculated according to the 0.8C charging rate, the battery capacity and the cell impedance R Ω = -0.8C·0.2Ah·0.24Ω = -0.0384V.

[0161] When the target battery is charged at the 1.2C charging rate, the third anode potential of -0.0406V is collected, and the third internal resistance potential is calculated according to the 1.2C charging rate, the battery capacity and the cell impedance R Ω = -1.2C·0.2Ah·0.24Ω = -0.0576V.

[0162] According to the 0.4C charging rate and the corresponding first anode potential 0.0396V, the 0.8C charging rate and the corresponding second anode potential -0.0155V, and the 1.2C and the corresponding third anode potential -0.0406V, the anode potential change curve can be determined, as shown in the solid line in FIG. 3. Figure 5

[0163] According to the 0.4C charging rate and the corresponding first internal resistance potential -0.0192V, the 0.8C charging rate and the corresponding second internal resistance potential -0.0384V, and the 1.2C and the corresponding third internal resistance potential -0.0576V, the internal resistance potential change curve can be determined, as shown in the dashed line in FIG. 3. Figure 5

[0164] The intersection of the anode potential change curve and the internal resistance potential change curve corresponds to the charging rate of 1.428C, and the charging rate 1.428C corresponding to the intersection is determined as the lithium precipitation window of the target battery.

[0165] The intersection of the anode potential change curve and the horizontal axis is the lithium precipitation window obtained by the battery thermodynamic lithium precipitation potential (0mV method) test, that is, the lithium precipitation window obtained by the 0mV method test at the target state of charge 80% is 0.72C, which has a large deviation from the true lithium precipitation window of the target battery.

[0166] The scheme provided in the embodiment determines the first corresponding relationship of the target battery at the target state of charge, and determines the second corresponding relationship of the target battery at the target state of charge, and charges the target battery according to the first charging rate at the target state of charge, and determines the current anode potential according to the first corresponding relationship and the first charging rate of the target battery, and determines the current internal resistance potential according to the second corresponding relationship and the first charging rate of the target battery, and in the case that the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential meet the preset condition, the lithium precipitation window of the target battery is determined according to the first charging rate, in the battery charging process, the battery thermodynamic lithium precipitation potential is 0 millivolt, in the case that the battery appears lithium precipitation, the anode potential and the internal resistance potential of the battery become very close, based on the anode potential and the internal resistance potential of the battery charged according to the first charging rate at the target state of charge, the lithium precipitation window of the battery is determined, which is beneficial to improve the determination accuracy of the lithium precipitation window.

[0167] Further, the first corresponding relationship and the second corresponding relationship of the target battery at the target state of charge are calibrated in advance, so as to determine the current anode potential according to the first corresponding relationship, and determine the current internal resistance potential according to the second corresponding relationship, which is beneficial to improve the accuracy of the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential.

[0168] Please refer to Figure 6 ​​Fig. 4 shows a flowchart of a method for determining a lithium precipitation window according to another embodiment of the present application. In specific embodiments, the method for determining a lithium precipitation window can be applied to the processing device 300 in the system for determining a lithium precipitation window, and the following will be described in detail with the processing device 300 as an example. Figure 6 The method for determining a lithium precipitation window can include the following steps 310 to 350.

[0169] Step 310: Charging the target battery at a target state of charge according to a first charging rate.

[0170] Step 320: Determining a current anode potential and a current internal resistance potential of the target battery under the first charging rate.

[0171] Step 330: Determining the lithium precipitation window of the target battery according to the first charging rate when the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential meet preset conditions.

[0172] In this embodiment, the steps 310, 320 and 330 can refer to the contents of the corresponding steps in the foregoing embodiments, which will not be described here again.

[0173] Step 340: Obtaining an anode image of the target battery after a preset number of cyclic charging and discharging.

[0174] In this embodiment, the processing device can obtain the anode image of the target battery after the preset number of cyclic charging and discharging.

[0175] In this embodiment, the processing device can obtain the anode image of the target battery after the preset number of cyclic charging and discharging.

[0176] In some embodiments, the system for determining a lithium precipitation window can further include a camera for image acquisition of the anode of the target battery, the camera being in communication connection with the processing device and performing data interaction with the processing device.

[0177] The processing device can send a third acquisition instruction to the camera after the target battery has undergone the preset number of cyclic charging and discharging, the camera receiving and responding to the third acquisition instruction to perform image acquisition of the anode of the target battery, obtaining the anode image and sending the anode image to the processing device, and the processing device receiving the anode image returned by the camera.

[0178] The camera can include, but is not limited to, any one of a wide-angle camera, a macro camera, an ultra-wide-angle camera or a panoramic camera.

[0179] In some embodiments, the processing device can generate upload prompt information and receive the anode image uploaded by the user according to the upload prompt information.

[0180] The uploading prompt information can be used to prompt the user to upload the anode image of the target battery after a preset number of cycles of charging and discharging to the processing device. The uploading prompt information can include at least one of the following: sound prompt information, text prompt information, light prompt information, and the like.

[0181] Step 350: Determine whether the lithium precipitation window is accurate according to the anode image.

[0182] In this embodiment, the processing device can determine whether the lithium precipitation window of the target battery is accurate according to the anode image. Based on the anode image after a preset number of cycles of charging and discharging, the lithium precipitation window of the target battery is verified, which is beneficial to further improve the determination accuracy of the lithium precipitation window.

[0183] In the case where the anode image contains the lithium precipitation image, it is determined that the lithium precipitation window is accurate. In the case where the anode image does not contain the lithium precipitation image, it is determined that the lithium precipitation window is inaccurate. Based on whether the anode image after the cycle of charging and discharging contains the lithium precipitation image, the determination accuracy of the lithium precipitation window is judged, which improves the accuracy of the judgment result.

[0184] The scheme provided in this embodiment is that, under a target state of charge, the target battery is charged according to a first charging rate, and the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential of the target battery under the first charging rate are determined. In the case where the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential meet a preset condition, the lithium precipitation window of the target battery is determined according to the first charging rate, and the anode image of the target battery after a preset number of cycles of charging and discharging is obtained. According to the anode image, it is determined whether the lithium precipitation window is accurate. In the process of charging the battery, the thermodynamic lithium precipitation potential of the battery is 0 millivolt. In the case where the battery precipitates lithium, the anode potential and the internal resistance potential of the battery become very close. Based on the anode potential and the internal resistance potential of the battery under the target state of charge and according to the first charging rate, the lithium precipitation window of the battery is determined, which is beneficial to improve the determination accuracy of the lithium precipitation window.

[0185] Further, based on the anode image after a preset number of cycles of charging and discharging, the lithium precipitation window of the target battery is verified, which is beneficial to further improve the determination accuracy of the lithium precipitation window.

[0186] Please refer to Figure 7 which shows a flowchart of an energy recovery method provided in an embodiment of the present application. In specific embodiments, the energy recovery method can be applied to the processing device 300 in the lithium precipitation window determination system. In the following, the processing device 300 will be taken as an example to describe the flow shown in FIG. 8 in detail. The energy recovery method can include the following steps 410 to 420. Figure 7

[0187] ​Step 410: In the case where it is determined that the vehicle receives the braking instruction, the current charging rate is determined according to the lithium precipitation window of the vehicle battery.

[0188] In this embodiment, the processing device can determine the current charging rate according to the lithium precipitation window of the vehicle battery in the case where it is determined that the vehicle receives the braking instruction.

[0189] The current charging rate is obtained according to the first charging rate in the case where the target anode potential and the target internal resistance potential of the vehicle battery under the first charging rate satisfy a preset condition.

[0190] Specifically, the vehicle can be configured with a lithium precipitation window determination system. In the case where it is determined that the braking instruction is received, the processing device can send a fourth charging instruction carrying the first charging rate to the charging device. The charging device receives and responds to the fourth charging rate, charges the vehicle battery according to the first charging rate. The processing device sends a fourth acquisition instruction to the BMS. The BMS receives and responds to the fourth acquisition instruction, acquires the potential of the anode of the vehicle battery, obtains the target anode potential, and sends the target anode potential to the processing device. The processing device receives the target anode potential returned by the BMS, calculates the target internal resistance potential according to the target cell impedance of the vehicle battery and the first charging rate, and determines the current charging rate according to the first charging rate in the case where the target anode potential and the target internal resistance potential satisfy a preset condition.

[0191] The preset condition can include but is not limited to that a third potential difference value between the target anode potential and the target internal resistance potential is less than a third preset range, or the third potential difference value is 0, etc.

[0192] The third preset range can be used to represent the minimum potential difference value between the target anode potential and the target internal resistance potential in the case where the vehicle battery appears lithium precipitation during charging.

[0193] In some embodiments, when the driver needs to brake the vehicle, the driver can step on the brake pedal of the vehicle. The brake pedal generates a braking signal and reports the braking signal to the processing device. The processing device determines that the vehicle receives the braking instruction according to the received braking signal, and determines the current charging rate according to the lithium precipitation window of the vehicle battery.

[0194] Step 420: Control the vehicle to recover energy according to the current charging rate.

[0195] In this embodiment, the processing device can control the vehicle to recover energy according to the current charging rate. In the energy recovery process of the vehicle, the vehicle is controlled to recover energy according to the lithium precipitation window of the vehicle battery, so as to avoid that the excessive pulse current causes impact on the vehicle battery and leads to performance degradation of the vehicle battery, which is beneficial to improve the service life of the vehicle battery.

[0196] The scheme provided by the embodiment is that, in a case where it is determined that the vehicle receives a braking instruction, the current charging rate is determined according to the lithium precipitation window of the vehicle battery, and the vehicle is controlled to perform energy recovery according to the current charging rate. In the energy recovery process of the vehicle, the vehicle is controlled to perform energy recovery according to the lithium precipitation window of the vehicle battery, so as to avoid that an excessively large pulse current causes an impact on the vehicle battery and leads to a performance decline of the vehicle battery, and to be beneficial to improving the service life of the vehicle battery.

[0197] Referring to Figure 8 , a lithium precipitation window determination device 500 is shown. In specific embodiments, the lithium precipitation window determination device 500 can be applied to the processing device 300 in the lithium precipitation window determination system. In the following, the lithium precipitation window determination device 500 shown in the processing device 300 will be described in detail. The lithium precipitation window determination device 500 can include a charging module 510, a first potential determination module 520, and a window determination module 530. Figure 8

[0198] The charging module 510 can be configured to charge a target battery at a target state of charge according to a first charging rate. The first potential determination module 520 can be configured to determine a current anode potential and a current internal resistance potential of the target battery under the first charging rate. The window determination module 530 can be configured to determine a lithium precipitation window of the target battery according to the first charging rate in a case where the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential meet a preset condition.

[0199] In some embodiments, the first potential determination module 520 can include a first determination unit and a second determination unit.

[0200] The first determination unit can be configured to determine the current anode potential according to a first correspondence relationship of the target battery and the first charging rate. The first correspondence relationship can be configured to represent a correspondence relationship between a charging rate and an anode potential of the target battery at the target state of charge. The second determination unit can be configured to determine the current internal resistance potential according to a second correspondence relationship of the target battery and the first charging rate. The second correspondence relationship can be configured to represent a correspondence relationship between a charging rate and an internal resistance potential of the target battery at the target state of charge.

[0201] In some embodiments, the lithium precipitation window determination device 500 can further include a first relationship determination module and a second relationship determination module.

[0202] The first relationship determination module can be configured to determine the first correspondence relationship of the target battery at the target state of charge before the charging module 510 charges the target battery at the target state of charge according to the first charging rate. The second relationship determination module can be configured to determine the second correspondence relationship of the target battery at the target state of charge.

[0203] ​In some embodiments, the first relationship determining module can include a third determining unit and a fourth determining unit.

[0204] The third determining unit can be configured to determine a plurality of anode potentials of the target battery charged at a plurality of preset charging rates at the target state of charge, each preset charging rate can correspond to one anode potential; and the fourth determining unit can be configured to determine the first corresponding relationship according to the plurality of preset charging rates and the plurality of anode potentials.

[0205] In some embodiments, the third determining unit can include an acquisition subunit.

[0206] The acquisition subunit can be configured to acquire one anode potential after charging the target battery at each preset charging rate for a preset time duration, to obtain the plurality of anode potentials, when the target battery is at the target state of charge.

[0207] In some embodiments, the second relationship determining module can include a fifth determining unit and a sixth determining unit.

[0208] The fifth determining unit can be configured to determine a plurality of internal resistance potentials of the target battery charged at a plurality of preset charging rates at the target state of charge, each preset charging rate can correspond to one internal resistance potential; and the sixth determining unit can be configured to determine the second corresponding relationship according to the plurality of preset charging rates and the plurality of internal resistance potentials.

[0209] In some embodiments, the fifth determining unit can include a first determining subunit and a second determining subunit.

[0210] The first determining subunit can be configured to determine a current cell impedance of the target battery at the target state of charge; and the second determining subunit can be configured to determine one internal resistance potential according to each preset charging rate and the current cell impedance, to obtain the plurality of internal resistance potentials.

[0211] In some embodiments, the first determining subunit can include a test subunit.

[0212] The test subunit can be configured to perform impedance test on the target battery to obtain the current cell impedance, when the target battery is at the target state of charge.

[0213] In some embodiments, the lithium precipitation window determining apparatus 500 can further include an acquisition module and an accuracy determining module.

[0214] The acquisition module can be configured to acquire an anode image of the target battery after a preset number of cyclic charging and discharging, the charging process of each cyclic charging and discharging can be started at the target state of charge, and the target battery can be charged for a preset time duration based on the target charging rate corresponding to the lithium precipitation window; and the accuracy determining module can be configured to determine whether the lithium precipitation window is accurate according to the anode image.

[0215] In some embodiments, the accuracy determination module can comprise a seventh determination unit and an eighth determination unit.

[0216] The seventh determination unit can be configured to determine that the lithium precipitation window is accurate in the case that the anode image contains the lithium precipitation image; and the eighth determination unit can be configured to determine that the lithium precipitation window is inaccurate in the case that the anode image does not contain the lithium precipitation image.

[0217] In some embodiments, the lithium precipitation window determination apparatus 500 can further comprise a charging control module and a processing module.

[0218] The charging control module can be configured to control the target battery to be charged to a full charge state before the charging module 510 charges the target battery at the target state of charge according to the first charging rate; and the processing module can be configured to discharge the target battery in the full charge state until the target battery is in the target state of charge.

[0219] In some embodiments, the lithium precipitation window determination apparatus 500 can further comprise a second potential determination module.

[0220] The second potential determination module can be configured to determine the concentration polarization potential of the target battery under the first charging rate before the window determination module 530 determines the lithium precipitation window of the target battery according to the first charging rate in the case that the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential satisfy a preset condition.

[0221] In some embodiments, the window determination module 530 can comprise a ninth determination unit.

[0222] The ninth determination unit can be configured to determine the lithium precipitation window of the target battery according to the first charging rate in the case that the current anode potential, the current internal resistance potential and the concentration polarization potential satisfy a preset condition.

[0223] The scheme provided by the present embodiment is to charge the target battery according to the first charging rate at the target state of charge, to determine the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential of the target battery under the first charging rate, and to determine the lithium precipitation window of the target battery according to the first charging rate in the case that the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential satisfy a preset condition. In the process of charging the battery, the thermodynamic lithium precipitation potential of the battery is 0 millivolt. In the case that the battery precipitates lithium, the anode potential and the internal resistance potential of the battery become very close. Based on the anode potential and the internal resistance potential of the battery under the first charging rate at the target state of charge, the lithium precipitation window of the battery is determined, which is conducive to improving the determination accuracy of the lithium precipitation window.

[0224] Please refer to Figure 9Fig. 6 shows an energy recovery device 600 provided by one embodiment of the present application. In specific embodiments, the energy recovery device 600 can be applied to the processing device 300 in the lithium precipitation window determination system. In the following, the energy recovery device 600 will be described in detail with the processing device 300 as an example. Figure 9 The energy recovery device 600 can include a charging rate determination module 610 and an energy recovery control module 620.

[0225] The charging rate determination module 610 can be configured to determine a current charging rate according to the lithium precipitation window of the vehicle battery when it is determined that the vehicle receives a braking instruction. The current charging rate can be obtained according to a first charging rate when the target anode potential and the target internal resistance potential of the battery under the first charging rate satisfy a preset condition. The energy recovery control module 620 can be configured to control the vehicle to perform energy recovery according to the current charging rate.

[0226] The scheme provided by the embodiment can determine a current charging rate according to the lithium precipitation window of the vehicle battery when it is determined that the vehicle receives a braking instruction, and control the vehicle to perform energy recovery according to the current charging rate. In the energy recovery process of the vehicle, the vehicle is controlled to perform energy recovery according to the lithium precipitation window of the vehicle battery, which can avoid the impact of excessive pulse current on the vehicle battery and cause the performance of the vehicle battery to decrease, and is beneficial to improve the service life of the vehicle battery.

[0227] It should be noted that each of the embodiments in the present specification is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the difference from other embodiments. The same or similar parts of each embodiment can be referred to each other. For the device embodiment, since it is basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the part of the method embodiment. For any processing manner described in the method embodiment, it can be realized by a corresponding processing module in the device embodiment, and the device embodiment will not be described one by one.

[0228] In addition, each functional module in each embodiment of the present application can be integrated in one processing module, or each module can exist physically, or two or more modules can be integrated in one module. The integrated module can be realized in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional module.

[0229] Please refer to Figure 10FIG. 7 shows a functional block diagram of an electronic device 700 according to an embodiment of the present application. The electronic device 700 can include one or more of the following components: a memory 710, a processor 720, and one or more application programs, which can be stored in the memory 710 and configured to be executed by the one or more processors 720, and the one or more application programs are configured to perform the methods described in the foregoing method embodiments.

[0230] The memory 710 can include a random access memory (RAM) and can also include a read-only memory (ROM). The memory 710 can be used to store instructions, programs, codes, code sets, or instruction sets. The memory 710 can include a program storage area and a data storage area, wherein the program storage area can store instructions for implementing an operating system, instructions for implementing at least one function (such as charging a target battery, determining a current anode potential, determining a current internal resistance potential, determining a lithium precipitation window, determining a first correspondence relationship, determining a second correspondence relationship, determining a plurality of anode potentials, collecting a plurality of anode potentials, determining a plurality of internal resistance potentials, determining a current battery impedance, obtaining a plurality of internal resistance potentials, impedance testing, obtaining a current battery impedance, obtaining an anode image, cycling a preset number of times, charging for a preset time period, determining whether the lithium precipitation window is accurate, determining that the lithium precipitation window is accurate, determining that the lithium precipitation window is not accurate, controlling the target battery to charge, discharging the target battery, determining a concentration polarization potential, determining that a braking instruction is received, determining a current charging rate, and controlling vehicle energy recovery), instructions for implementing each of the following method embodiments, and the like. The data storage area can also store data created by the electronic device 700 in use (such as a target state of charge, a first charging rate, a target battery, a current anode potential, a current internal resistance potential, a preset condition, a lithium precipitation window, a first correspondence relationship, a second correspondence relationship, a plurality of preset charging rates, a plurality of anode potentials, a plurality of internal resistance potentials, a current battery impedance, a preset number of times, an anode image, a starting state of charge, a target charging rate, a preset time period, a full state of charge, a concentration polarization potential, a vehicle, a braking instruction, a vehicle battery, a current charging rate, a target anode potential, and a target internal resistance potential), and the like.

[0231] The processor 720 can include one or more processing cores. The processor 720 connects various parts within the entire electronic device 700 with various interfaces and lines, performs various functions of the electronic device 700 and processes data by running or executing instructions, programs, code sets or instruction sets stored in the memory 710, and calling data stored in the memory 710. Optionally, the processor 720 can be implemented in at least one of a hardware form of a digital signal processing (DSP), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a programmable logic array (PLA). The processor 720 can integrate a combination of one or more of a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processor (GPU), and a modem. Among them, the CPU mainly processes an operating system, a user interface, and an application program; the GPU is responsible for rendering and drawing display content; and the modem is used for processing wireless communication. It can be understood that the above-mentioned modem can also not be integrated into the processor 720, but can be implemented by a separate communication chip.

[0232] Please refer to Figure 11 which shows a structural block diagram of a computer readable storage medium provided by an embodiment of the present application. The computer readable storage medium 800 stores program code 810, which can be called and executed by a processor to perform the methods described in the above method embodiments.

[0233] The computer readable storage medium 800 can be an electronic storage such as a flash memory, an EEPROM (electrically erasable programmable read-only memory), an EPROM, a hard disk, or a ROM. Optionally, the computer readable storage medium 800 includes a non-volatile computer readable medium. The computer readable storage medium 800 has a storage space for program code 810 to perform any of the above methods. These program codes can be read from or written to one or more computer program products. The program code 810 can be compressed in an appropriate form, for example.

[0234] Please refer to Figure 12It shows a structural block diagram of a computer program product 900 provided by the embodiment of the application. The computer program product 900 includes computer programs / instructions 910 stored in a computer readable storage medium of a computer device. When the computer program product 900 runs on the computer device, the processor of the computer device reads the computer programs / instructions 910 from the computer readable storage medium, and the processor executes the computer programs / instructions 910, so that the computer device executes the method described in the above method embodiment.

[0235] The scheme provided by the embodiment determines the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential of the target battery under the first charging rate, and determines the lithium precipitation window of the target battery according to the first charging rate in the case that the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential meet the preset condition, and the battery thermodynamic lithium precipitation potential is 0 millivolt in the battery charging process. In the case that the battery precipitates lithium, the anode potential and the internal resistance potential of the battery become very close. Based on the anode potential and the internal resistance potential of the battery under the target state of charge and the first charging rate, the lithium precipitation window of the battery is determined, which is beneficial to improve the determination accuracy of the lithium precipitation window.

[0236] Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the application, but not to limit them; although the application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: it can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent replacement for part of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not drive the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the application.

Claims

1. A method for determining a lithium plating window, characterized in that, include: The target battery is charged according to the first charging rate under the target state of charge. Determine the current anode potential and current internal resistance potential of the target battery under the first charging rate; If the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential meet preset conditions, the lithium plating window of the target battery is determined according to the first charging rate.

2. The method for determining the lithium plating window according to claim 1, characterized in that, Determining the current anode potential and current internal resistance potential of the target battery under the first charging rate includes: The current anode potential is determined based on the first correspondence relationship of the target battery and the first charging rate. The first correspondence relationship is used to characterize the correspondence between the charging rate and the anode potential of the target battery under the target state of charge. The current internal resistance potential is determined based on the second correspondence of the target battery and the first charging rate. The second correspondence is used to characterize the correspondence between the charging rate and the internal resistance potential of the target battery under the target state of charge.

3. The method for determining the lithium plating window according to claim 2, characterized in that, The method for determining the lithium plating window before charging the target battery according to the first charging rate at the target state of charge further includes: Determine the first correspondence between the target battery and the target state of charge; Determine the second correspondence of the target battery under the target state of charge.

4. The method for determining the lithium plating window according to claim 3, characterized in that, Determining the first correspondence of the target battery in the target state of charge includes: Determine multiple anode potentials of the target battery when it is charged by multiple preset charging rates in the target state of charge, with each preset charging rate corresponding to one anode potential; The first correspondence is determined based on the plurality of preset charging rates and the plurality of anode potentials.

5. The method for determining the lithium plating window according to claim 4, characterized in that, Determining the multiple anode potentials of the target battery under the target state of charge when charged by multiple preset charging rates includes: When the target battery is in the target state of charge, the anode potential is collected after charging the target battery for a preset time based on each preset charging rate, so as to obtain the plurality of anode potentials.

6. The method for determining the lithium plating window according to any one of claims 3, characterized in that, Determining the second correspondence of the target battery in the target state of charge includes: Determine multiple internal resistance potentials of the target battery when it is charged by multiple preset charging rates in the target state of charge, with each preset charging rate corresponding to an internal resistance potential. The second correspondence is determined based on the plurality of preset charging rates and the plurality of internal resistance potentials.

7. The method for determining the lithium plating window according to claim 6, characterized in that, The determination of multiple internal resistance potentials of the target battery under the target state of charge when charged by multiple preset charging rates includes: Determine the current cell impedance of the target battery under the target state of charge; The internal resistance potential is determined based on each preset charging rate and the current cell impedance to obtain the plurality of internal resistance potentials.

8. The method for determining the lithium plating window according to claim 7, characterized in that, Determining the current cell impedance of the target battery at the target state of charge includes: When the target battery is in the target state of charge, an impedance test is performed on the target battery to obtain the current cell impedance.

9. The method for determining the lithium plating window according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, Also includes: Acquire the anode image of the target battery after a preset number of charge-discharge cycles. The charging process of each charge-discharge cycle starts with the target state of charge and the target battery is charged for a preset duration based on the target charging rate corresponding to the lithium plating window. The accuracy of the lithium plating window is determined based on the anode image.

10. The method for determining the lithium plating window according to claim 9, characterized in that, Determining whether the lithium plating window is accurate based on the anode image includes: If the anode image includes a lithium plating image, the lithium plating window is determined to be accurate; If the anode image does not include a lithium plating image, the lithium plating window is determined to be inaccurate.

11. The method for determining the lithium plating window according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, The method for determining the lithium plating window before charging the target battery according to the first charging rate at the target state of charge further includes: Control the target battery to charge to full capacity; The target battery in its fully charged state is discharged until it reaches the target state of charge.

12. The method for determining the lithium plating window according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, Before determining the lithium plating window of the target battery based on the first charging rate when the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential meet preset conditions, the lithium plating window determination method further includes: Determine the concentration polarization potential of the target battery under the first charging rate; The step of determining the lithium plating window of the target battery based on the first charging rate when the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential meet preset conditions includes: When the current anode potential, the current internal resistance potential, and the concentration polarization potential meet preset conditions, the lithium plating window of the target battery is determined according to the first charging rate.

13. An energy recovery method, characterized in that, include: When it is determined that the vehicle has received a braking command, the current charging rate is determined according to the lithium plating window of the vehicle battery. The current charging rate is obtained based on the first charging rate, provided that the target anode potential and target internal resistance potential of the vehicle battery under the first charging rate meet preset conditions. The vehicle is controlled to perform energy recovery based on the current charging rate.

14. A lithium plating window determining device, characterized in that, include: A charging module is used to charge a target battery according to a first charging rate when the target is in a target state of charge. The first potential determination module is used to determine the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential of the target battery under the first charging rate. The window determination module is used to determine the lithium plating window of the target battery based on the first charging rate, provided that the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential meet preset conditions.

15. An energy recovery device, characterized in that, include: The charging rate determination module is used to determine the current charging rate based on the lithium plating window of the vehicle battery when the vehicle receives a braking command. The current charging rate is obtained based on the first charging rate when the target anode potential and target internal resistance potential of the vehicle battery under the first charging rate meet preset conditions. An energy recovery control module is used to control the vehicle to perform energy recovery based on the current charging rate.

16. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: Memory; One or more processors are coupled to the memory; One or more applications, wherein the one or more applications are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the one or more processors, the one or more applications being configured to perform the lithium plating window determination method as described in any one of claims 1 to 12, or the energy recovery method as described in claim 13.

17. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium contains program code that can be invoked by a processor to execute the lithium plating window determination method as described in any one of claims 1 to 12, or the energy recovery method as described in claim 13.

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