Battery structure

Abstract

The battery structure comprises a shell, a roll core, a top cover, a detection module and an analysis module, a containing cavity and an opening communicated with the containing cavity are formed in the shell, the containing cavity is filled with electrolyte, the roll core is arranged in the containing cavity, the top cover covers the opening, the detection module is arranged on the side, close to the containing cavity, of the top cover, and the analysis module is connected with the detection module. The analysis module is arranged on the side, away from the containing cavity, of the top cover, is connected with the detection module and is used for receiving monitoring information of the detection module and conducting early warning analysis; the invention aims to solve the technical problems of early warning lag and false alarm in the early stage of thermal runaway of a battery system in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of battery technology, and more specifically to a battery structure. Background Technology

[0002] Lithium-ion batteries may experience abnormal temperature rise, electrolyte decomposition, and accelerated side reactions during charging, discharging, and storage. When local temperature or reaction rate continues to rise, thermal runaway can easily occur, leading to safety risks such as battery expansion, leakage, and even fire. Therefore, how to identify and warn of thermal runaway risks in advance has always been an important research direction in the field of battery technology.

[0003] In existing technologies, a common approach is to assess the risk of thermal runaway by monitoring battery voltage changes or using gas sensors. However, voltage often shows little change or remains relatively stable in the early stages of thermal runaway, with significant voltage anomalies only appearing when the reaction progresses to a more severe stage. Relying solely on voltage changes makes it difficult to reflect the early stages of thermal runaway in a timely manner, resulting in a significant lag in early warning. Gas sensors are typically located in the module space outside the battery cell. The characteristic gas needs to leak from inside the cell and diffuse to a certain concentration within the module space before it can be collected, leading to a substantial lag in detection time compared to the actual occurrence of an anomaly inside the cell. Furthermore, other components inside the module may release volatile substances during long-term operation, or environmental changes may cause fluctuations in background gas, interfering with sensor readings and increasing the risk of false alarms and missed alarms, thus reducing the reliability of early warning systems.

[0004] Therefore, existing battery systems suffer from technical problems such as delayed early warning and false alarms in the early stages of thermal runaway. There is an urgent need for a battery structure with higher accuracy and shorter response time for early warning capabilities to improve battery safety. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the above-mentioned technical deficiencies and propose a battery structure that solves the technical problems of delayed early warning and false alarms in the early stage of thermal runaway in existing battery systems.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: This invention provides a battery structure, comprising: a shell having a receiving cavity and an opening communicating with the receiving cavity, the receiving cavity being filled with an electrolyte; a core disposed within the receiving cavity; a top cover sealing the opening; a detection module disposed on the side of the top cover near the receiving cavity for monitoring temperature changes and characteristic component concentration changes of the electrolyte; and an analysis module disposed on the side of the top cover away from the receiving cavity and connected to the detection module for receiving monitoring information from the detection module and performing early warning analysis.

[0007] In some embodiments, the detection module includes a sensing unit, a preprocessing unit, and an interface unit; the sensing unit includes an electrochemical sensor and a temperature sensor, which are used to monitor changes in the concentration of characteristic components and the temperature of the electrolyte, respectively; the preprocessing unit is connected to the sensing unit and includes an amplifier and a filter, which are used to amplify the weak signal output by the sensing unit and filter out bad signals, respectively; the interface unit is connected to the preprocessing unit and is provided with a connection terminal for transmitting the preprocessed monitoring information to the analysis module.

[0008] In some embodiments, the electrochemical sensor includes multiple independent three-electrode systems, each including a working electrode, a reference electrode, and a counter electrode. The working electrode is used to undergo a redox reaction with the characteristic component and generate a response signal. The reference electrode is used to provide a stable reference potential, making the signal output by the working electrode comparable. The counter electrode is used to form an electrochemical circuit with the working electrode to complete current transmission. Each three-electrode system is electrically isolated from each other to independently detect different characteristic components.

[0009] In some embodiments, the characteristic components include dimethyl carbonate and hydrofluoric acid in the electrolyte.

[0010] In some embodiments, the pretreatment section and the interface section are covered with a protective coating, and a sealing ring is provided near the edge of the sensing section of the protective coating to prevent electrolyte from penetrating into the pretreatment section and the interface section.

[0011] In some embodiments, the battery structure further includes a quick-connect connector that passes through the top cover and includes a male and a female connector for connecting the detection module and the analysis module, respectively.

[0012] In some embodiments, the battery structure further includes a sealing seat fixed to the top cover and disposed between the quick-connect connector and the detection module to prevent electrolyte leakage. The male end of the quick-connect connector passes through the sealing seat and connects to the detection module.

[0013] In some embodiments, the analysis module includes a signal conversion unit, a data processing unit, and an early warning output unit; the signal conversion unit is connected to the detection module and converts analog signals into digital signals; the data processing unit is connected to the signal conversion unit and performs calculations on the digital signals to obtain a thermal runaway risk assessment result; the early warning output unit is connected to the data processing unit and includes an audible alarm and a photoelectric alarm, used to output corresponding alarm signals according to the assessment result.

[0014] In some embodiments, the data processing unit compares the concentration and temperature of the characteristic components with preset reference values ​​within the same time base and calculates the deviation, and determines the warning level based on the deviation, wherein the magnitude of the deviation is positively correlated with the level of the warning.

[0015] In some embodiments, as the warning level increases, the alarm volume of the audible alarm increases, and the photoelectric alarm changes from flashing indicator light to constant warning light.

[0016] Compared to existing technologies, the battery structure provided by this invention, by incorporating a detection module on the inner side of the top cover that can directly contact the electrolyte, enables the monitoring of the concentration and temperature of key characteristic components in the electrolyte, allowing for timely identification of early changes in the chemical reaction within the battery cell. Furthermore, the detection and analysis modules are separated, with the internal module responsible for precise data acquisition and the external module handling signal processing and risk assessment. This not only ensures the authenticity of the monitoring environment but also improves the stability of the electronic processing unit. The analysis module performs a comprehensive evaluation based on the changing trends of multiple parameters, outputting an early warning signal before thermal runaway spreads to the outside of the battery cell. This significantly improves the lead time and accuracy of thermal runaway identification, enabling earlier and more reliable identification of risks within the battery cell. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a battery structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a top view of a battery structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is provided by the embodiments of the present invention. Figure 2 A cross-sectional view along the AA direction; Figure 4 This is provided by the embodiments of the present invention. Figure 3 A magnified view of a portion of region A in the middle.

[0018] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 10. Outer shell; 11. Receiving cavity; 12. Opening; 20. Core; 30. Top cover; 40. Detection module; 41. Sensing unit; 42. Pre-processing unit; 43. Interface unit; 44. Protective coating; 45. Sealing ring; 50. Analysis module; 51. Signal conversion unit; 52. Data processing unit; 53. Early warning output unit; 60. Quick-connect connector; 70. Sealing seat. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0020] To address the technical problems of delayed early warning and false alarms in the early stages of thermal runaway in existing battery systems, this invention provides a battery structure that can improve the accuracy of battery early warning and shorten response time.

[0021] It should be noted that the battery structure described in this invention is used for, but not limited to, battery safety warnings. For ease of explanation, this invention will only use the application of the battery structure in battery safety warnings as an example. The principle of the battery structure applied to other types of devices is essentially the same as that applied to battery safety warnings, and will not be elaborated here.

[0022] Please see Figures 1 to 3 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a battery structure according to one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a top view of a battery structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 This is provided by the embodiments of the present invention. Figure 2 A cross-sectional view along the AA direction. The battery structure includes a casing 10, a core 20, a top cover 30, a detection module 40, and an analysis module 50. This embodiment aims to solve the problems of delayed early warning in the early stage of thermal runaway and susceptibility to false alarms caused by environmental interference in existing battery systems, thereby improving the reliability of the battery in early risk identification.

[0023] The outer casing 10 has an internal cavity 11 for accommodating the core 20, and an opening 12 communicating with the cavity 11 on one side. The cavity 11 is filled with electrolyte to ensure the normal electrochemical reaction of the core 20. The core 20, disposed within the cavity 11, can be a wound or stacked structure, consisting of a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator, and is completely immersed in the electrolyte. The top cover 30 seals the opening 12 and is fixedly connected to the outer casing 10 by laser welding or other sealing processes, thereby forming a closed internal space to prevent electrolyte leakage and improve the overall safety of the battery.

[0024] The detection module 40 is positioned on the side of the top cover 30 near the receiving cavity 11, with at least a portion of its surface exposed to the electrolyte, for directly acquiring electrolyte state information. The detection module 40 can monitor changes in the concentration and temperature of target characteristic components in the electrolyte. By detecting minute fluctuations in the electrolyte composition, it can respond immediately to early phenomena such as side reactions, gas generation, or electrolyte decomposition in the battery cell, thereby significantly improving the sensitivity of thermal runaway detection.

[0025] The analysis module 50 is located on the side of the top cover 30 away from the receiving cavity 11 and is electrically connected to the detection module 40. The analysis module 50 is used to digitally process, perform algorithm analysis, and make early warning judgments on the signals transmitted by the detection module 40. The analysis module 50 can assess the risk of thermal runaway based on the changing trends of characteristic components, the magnitude of temperature changes, and their correlations, and provide early warning prompts or link external systems through audio-visual displays, communication outputs, or other means based on the assessment results.

[0026] In this embodiment, the detection module 40 and the analysis module 50 are arranged in a separate structure: the detection module is placed directly in the electrolyte environment inside the cell to collect the most accurate and earliest internal chemical and thermal state information; while the analysis module 50 is located in a dry environment outside the cell to collect signals, ensuring better stability and lifespan of the electronic processing unit. The two are connected and transmit signals, and the analysis module 50 processes and judges the above information, outputting a warning signal before thermal runaway truly develops. Compared with existing methods that rely on voltage changes or shell gas detection, the monitoring path provided in this embodiment is closer to the cell's reaction source, better reflecting early changes in the internal state, effectively solving the problems of delayed warnings, high false alarm rates, and inability to accurately reflect the true internal state of the cell, achieving earlier and more reliable identification of battery thermal runaway risks.

[0027] Please see Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is provided by the embodiments of the present invention. Figure 3 A partially enlarged schematic diagram of region A. In some embodiments, the detection module 40 includes a sensing unit 41, a preprocessing unit 42, and an interface unit 43. Each part functions independently yet cooperates with each other to acquire the state of the electrolyte and output signals.

[0028] The sensing unit 41 is the front-end sensing unit of the entire detection module 40, comprising two types of components: an electrochemical sensor and a temperature sensor. The electrochemical sensor detects changes in the concentration of target characteristic components in the electrolyte. It generates a measurable electrochemical response by undergoing a redox reaction with specific components in the electrolyte, thus reflecting minute fluctuations in the electrolyte's chemical properties. The temperature sensor monitors real-time temperature changes in the electrolyte to provide a basis for judging the internal thermal state of the battery cell. The two types of sensors work together, enabling the sensing unit 41 to simultaneously acquire chemical and thermal signals related to early side reactions of the battery cell, providing comprehensive internal state information for the subsequent analysis module 50.

[0029] The preprocessing unit 42 is located after the sensing unit 41 and is electrically connected to it. Since the signals generated by electrochemical sensors are typically weak and susceptible to noise interference, the preprocessing unit 42 performs preliminary signal processing by using an amplifier and a filter. The amplifier amplifies the weak current or voltage signal output by the sensor to a level that the analysis module 50 can stably recognize; the filter removes environmental noise, electrolyte disturbances, or high-frequency interference signals during the electrochemical measurement process, thereby improving signal stability and reliability. Through the processing by the preprocessing unit 42, the acquired raw signal becomes clearer and more stable, facilitating subsequent data analysis.

[0030] The interface unit 43 is connected to the preprocessing unit 42 and is provided with a connection terminal for transmitting the preprocessed monitoring information to the analysis module 50. Through the interface unit 43, stable data transmission and power supply can be achieved between the detection module 40 and the analysis module 50, thereby ensuring that the analysis module 50 can acquire and process effective information from the detection module 40 in real time.

[0031] In this embodiment, the detection module 40, through the synergistic effect of the sensing unit 41, the preprocessing unit 42 and the interface unit 43, can directly collect the chemical and thermal characteristics of the electrolyte inside the cell. After preprocessing, the data is output to the analysis module 50 in a stable manner, so that the entire monitoring link can more accurately and quickly reflect the changes in the internal state of the cell.

[0032] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the electrochemical sensor includes multiple independent three-electrode systems, each constituting a complete electrochemical detection unit for real-time monitoring of concentration changes of different target components in the electrolyte. Each three-electrode system includes a working electrode, a reference electrode, and a counter electrode, with each electrode functioning in coordination to ensure the stability and accuracy of the electrochemical detection process.

[0033] The working electrode is positioned in the reaction region of a three-electrode system to undergo oxidation or reduction reactions with specific characteristic components in the electrolyte. When the concentration of the target component changes, the electrochemical reaction current or potential between the working electrode and the target component changes accordingly, thus reflecting minute changes in the electrolyte composition. To improve the selectivity and sensitivity of the working electrode, its surface can be modified, for example, by coating it with catalytically active nanomaterials, enabling it to specifically respond to a particular characteristic component.

[0034] A reference electrode provides a stable and repeatable reference potential, enabling electrochemical measurements to be performed at a fixed potential reference. The reference electrode's potential remains unchanged regardless of environmental fluctuations, making the response signal generated by the working electrode more comparable and stable, and facilitating the determination of concentration changes of characteristic components.

[0035] The counter electrode forms an electrochemical circuit with the working electrode to facilitate current transfer and closure. Counter electrodes typically have a large surface area and good conductivity, providing ample current channels during detection to ensure overall reaction balance in the three-electrode system, thereby avoiding measurement errors caused by electrode polarization.

[0036] In this embodiment, each three-electrode system is set up independently and electrically isolated from each other, enabling each three-electrode system to independently detect different characteristic components, thereby achieving multi-component collaborative monitoring. This multi-channel electrochemical detection method can more comprehensively reflect the chemical change trends inside the cell, providing the analysis module 50 with richer raw data and improving the ability to identify early signs of thermal runaway.

[0037] In one embodiment, the characteristic components include dimethyl carbonate and hydrofluoric acid in the electrolyte. Dimethyl carbonate is a commonly used electrolyte solvent. It is relatively stable under normal battery operating conditions, but it is prone to decomposition under abnormal conditions such as side reactions, local overheating, or separator damage inside the battery cell. Its concentration change can reflect the consumption or decomposition process of organic components in the electrolyte, and therefore it is suitable as one of the chemical indicators for the early stage of thermal runaway.

[0038] Hydrofluoric acid typically originates from the decomposition of lithium hexafluorophosphate in the electrolyte. Its formation is closely related to factors such as increased internal cell temperature, the degree of electrolyte decomposition, and separator damage. When the cell is in the early stages of thermal runaway, lithium hexafluorophosphate easily decomposes and releases fluorides, which dissolve in the electrolyte to release hydrofluoric acid. Therefore, a sudden increase in hydrofluoric acid concentration is often a direct signal of overheating or intensified side reactions within the cell. Because hydrofluoric acid is highly corrosive, its concentration changes better reflect damage to internal cell materials or decreased electrolyte stability, making it a key parameter for assessing battery safety.

[0039] In this embodiment, by monitoring the concentration changes of dimethyl carbonate and hydrofluoric acid separately, the internal chemical evolution process of the battery cell can be reflected from two aspects: the chemical stability of the organic solvent and the degree of decomposition of the electrolyte salt, enabling early identification of different types of abnormal phenomena. Furthermore, the trends of their changes are somewhat complementary: a decrease in dimethyl carbonate concentration is related to solvent decomposition, while an increase in hydrofluoric acid concentration is related to salt decomposition and material corrosion. Joint detection of both allows the analysis module 50 to obtain more comprehensive information on the internal chemical state, improving the accuracy and reliability of thermal runaway prediction.

[0040] In one embodiment, the outer surfaces of the pretreatment section 42 and the interface section 43 are covered with a protective coating 44, and a sealing ring 45 is provided on the edge of the protective coating 44 near the sensing section 41 to further prevent the electrolyte from penetrating into the pretreatment section 42 and the interface section 43.

[0041] Since the detection module 40 is entirely located inside the top cover 30 and directly faces the electrolyte environment, it may be affected by electrolyte immersion, solvent volatiles, and electrochemical reaction products during long-term operation. Therefore, protection of the circuit area is necessary. A protective coating 44 covers the exposed areas of the pretreatment section 42 and the interface section 43, forming a dense insulating film to protect the internal electronic components and conductive lines, preventing corrosion, short circuits, or performance drift caused by electrolyte or moisture contact. The protective coating 44 can be an insulating material with electrolyte corrosion resistance, formed by spraying, dipping, or screen printing, giving the pretreatment section 42 and the interface section 43 good environmental stability.

[0042] A sealing ring 45 is disposed on the edge of the protective coating 44 near the sensing unit 41, adjacent to the boundary area between the sensing unit 41 and the pretreatment unit 42. Since the sensing unit 41 needs to be exposed to the electrolyte for in-situ detection and is the only unencapsulated area, it is particularly important to form a seal at the transition point between the sensing unit 41 and other areas to prevent electrolyte from seeping into the pretreatment unit 42 and the interface unit 43 along the interface. The sealing ring 45 can be made of an elastic material resistant to electrolyte corrosion and achieves a sealing effect by pressing it against the surface of the detection module 40, thereby limiting the diffusion or wetting of electrolyte on the module surface.

[0043] In this embodiment, the dual isolation of the protective coating 44 and the sealing ring 45 ensures that the area where the electronic components are located has good corrosion resistance and anti-penetration capability while keeping the sensing part 41 in direct contact with the electrolyte. This improves the reliability of the detection module 40 during long-term cyclic use and reduces the risk of signal drift and module failure caused by electrolyte erosion, thereby making the monitoring results more stable and accurate.

[0044] In some embodiments, the battery structure also includes a quick-connect connector 60 for establishing a stable electrical signal and power transmission path between the detection module 40 and the analysis module 50. The quick-connect connector 60 is inserted into the top cover 30 and is suitable for enabling detachable connections between internal and external modules without compromising the battery's sealing.

[0045] The quick-connect connector 60 consists of a male and a female part. The male part is fixedly connected to the detection module 40, and the female part is fixedly connected to the analysis module 50. The two parts are arranged facing each other at the top cover 30 and are electrically connected by a plug-in connection. The plug-in structure of the male and female parts can adopt a multi-pin terminal form to meet the needs of multi-channel signal transmission and power supply.

[0046] When the detection module 40 is assembled inside the top cover 30, it is aligned and connected with the male end of the quick-connect connector 60. After the analysis module 50 is installed on the outside of the top cover 30, it is aligned and connected with the female end of the quick-connect connector 60. This completes the electrical connection between the detection module 40 and the analysis module 50. Because the quick-connect connector 60 is easy to insert and remove and has accurate positioning, module-level replacement can be achieved without disassembling the entire battery structure when the analysis module 50 needs maintenance, replacement, or upgrade, significantly improving maintenance efficiency.

[0047] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the battery structure also includes a sealing seat 70. The sealing seat 70 is fixedly disposed on the top cover 30 and located between the quick-connect connector 60 and the detection module 40, for forming a reliable sealing and isolation structure in the connection area between the two, thereby preventing electrolyte leakage outward along the connection point.

[0048] The sealing seat 70 can be made of materials that are resistant to electrolyte corrosion and high temperature, such as fluororubber, polytetrafluoroethylene, chemical-resistant plastics, or metal encapsulation components. The sealing seat 70 is arranged flush against the top cover 30 and surrounds the area of ​​the quick-connect connector 60 that passes through the top cover 30, so that the male head of the quick-connect connector 60 is always within the space covered by the sealing seat 70 when passing through the top cover 30.

[0049] In this embodiment, the male prong of the quick-connect connector 60 passes through the sealing seat 70 and extends to the side of the detection module 40, connecting with the interface portion 43 of the detection module 40. The sealing seat 70, through its sealing structure, ensures a tight fit between the outer side of the male prong and the sealing seat 70, effectively preventing electrolyte leakage along the connector pins, connector sidewalls, or openings in the top cover 30. Simultaneously, the sealing seat 70 may structurally include a positioning section or a stepped sealing section, ensuring reliable positioning of the connector male prong during insertion, guaranteeing stable insertion and consistent sealing performance.

[0050] In one embodiment, the analysis module 50 includes a signal conversion unit 51, a data processing unit 52, and an early warning output unit 53, which work together in sequence according to the order of signal processing, analysis and judgment, and result output, so as to realize the comprehensive processing of monitoring information from the detection module 40 and issue early warning prompts.

[0051] The signal conversion unit 51 is electrically connected to the detection module 40 and is used to convert the analog signal output by the detection module 40 into a digital signal. Since the electrochemical sensor and temperature sensor in the detection module 40 output mostly weak analog signals, the signal conversion unit 51 may include an analog-to-digital converter and a signal conditioning circuit. By setting appropriate sampling accuracy, sampling frequency and signal reference potential, the original analog signal is accurately and stably digitized for subsequent processing.

[0052] The data processing unit 52 is connected to the signal conversion unit 51 and is used to further process the digital signal to obtain the judgment result of thermal runaway risk. The data processing unit 52 may include a processing chip and a storage device, and performs comprehensive analysis on the concentration changes of characteristic components, temperature change trends, concentration change rates, and multi-parameter correlations through preset algorithm models or threshold rules. For example, when a significant concentration change of a certain characteristic component occurs or multiple indicators are abnormal at the same time, the data processing unit 52 can determine the corresponding risk level by comparing with reference data or trend analysis models. The data processing unit 52 can also record and update historical data to achieve more stable trend judgment and long-term monitoring capabilities.

[0053] The warning output unit 53 is connected to the data processing unit 52. By judging the processing results, it outputs corresponding visual or auditory prompts. The warning output unit 53 includes two types of components: a sound alarm and a photoelectric alarm. It can prompt the user to pay attention through indicator lights or sound.

[0054] In this embodiment, through the coordinated action of the signal conversion unit 51, the data processing unit 52, and the early warning output unit 53, the analysis module 50 can effectively convert, analyze, and judge the electrolyte state information collected by the detection module 40, and output a clear early warning signal, so that the battery can obtain a reliable risk warning in the early stage of thermal runaway, thereby improving the overall safety performance.

[0055] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the data processing unit 52 performs synchronous analysis on the characteristic component concentration data and temperature data from the detection module 40 based on a unified time reference. Specifically, the data processing unit 52 can acquire the current characteristic component concentration and temperature detection values ​​within a preset sampling period, and compare them with the corresponding reference values ​​to calculate the deviation between them. The reference values ​​may be calibration data under normal battery operation, the average value of historical stable intervals, or expected values ​​calculated based on the life curve, etc.

[0056] After calculating the deviation, the data processing unit 52 determines the corresponding warning level for that moment based on the range to which the deviation belongs. Depending on different safety strategies, the deviation can be divided into several level ranges, each corresponding to a different risk level. When the deviation falls into a smaller range, it indicates that the current detection result deviates little from the normal state and can be considered a slight anomaly or a trend change; when the deviation falls into a larger range, it represents a significant anomaly in component concentration or temperature, potentially indicating a trend towards thermal runaway, requiring the triggering of a higher-level warning signal.

[0057] In this embodiment, by adopting an early warning method based on the division of deviation ranges, the data processing unit 52 can unify the concentration changes, temperature changes and their trends into quantifiable and graded judgment criteria, thereby providing a clear and reliable decision-making basis for subsequent early warning output, making the judgment of early warning level more scientific and stable.

[0058] In one embodiment, the warning output unit 53 can output different forms of alarm signals according to the warning level generated by the data processing unit 52, so that the user or external system can intuitively identify the current risk level of the battery. Specifically, as the warning level increases, the alarm volume of the sound alarm increases step by step, and the display mode of the photoelectric alarm also changes from a low-level prompt light to a more prominent warning light.

[0059] At low warning levels, the audible alarm emits intermittent, low-volume beeps to alert users to potential minor anomalies within the battery cell. Simultaneously, the photoelectric alarm uses a low-frequency flashing yellow indicator light to provide visual alerts without causing excessive interference. As the warning level increases to an intermediate level, the audible alarm volume increases and the frequency of the alert increases; the flashing frequency of the photoelectric alarm also increases accordingly, providing a more pronounced visual indication that the potential risk is escalating.

[0060] When the warning level is further upgraded and reaches the high-risk zone, the audible alarm will output a high-volume, continuous alarm sound to ensure timely detection even in complex environments or noisy situations. Simultaneously, the photoelectric alarm will change from a flashing yellow light to a solid red light; red, as a high-risk signal, clearly indicates that the current situation is no longer suitable for continued use or that immediate safety measures are required.

[0061] The specific embodiments of the present invention described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made in accordance with the technical concept of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery structure, characterized in that, include: The outer casing has a receiving cavity and an opening communicating with the receiving cavity, the receiving cavity being filled with an electrolyte; The core is disposed within the receiving cavity; Top cover, sealing the opening; A detection module is disposed on the side of the top cover near the receiving cavity, and is used to monitor the temperature change and characteristic component concentration change of the electrolyte; and An analysis module is located on the side of the top cover away from the receiving cavity and is connected to the detection module. It is used to receive monitoring information from the detection module and perform early warning analysis.

2. The battery structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detection module includes a sensing unit, a preprocessing unit, and an interface unit; The sensing unit includes an electrochemical sensor and a temperature sensor, which are used to monitor the changes in the concentration of characteristic components and the temperature of the electrolyte, respectively. The preprocessing unit is connected to the sensing unit and includes an amplifier and a filter, which are used to amplify the weak signal output by the sensing unit and filter out bad signals, respectively. The interface unit is connected to the preprocessing unit and is provided with a connection terminal for transmitting the preprocessed monitoring information to the analysis module.

3. The battery structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The electrochemical sensor includes multiple independent three-electrode systems, each of which includes a working electrode, a reference electrode, and a counter electrode. The working electrode is used to undergo a redox reaction with the characteristic component and generate a response signal; The reference electrode is used to provide a stable reference potential, so that the signals output by the working electrode are comparable; The counter electrode is used to form an electrochemical circuit with the working electrode to complete current transmission; Each of the three-electrode systems is electrically isolated from each other to independently detect different characteristic components.

4. The battery structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The characteristic components include dimethyl carbonate and hydrofluoric acid in the electrolyte.

5. The battery structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The pretreatment section and the interface section are covered with a protective coating, and a sealing ring is provided near the edge of the sensing section of the protective coating to prevent the electrolyte from seeping into the pretreatment section and the interface section.

6. The battery structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery structure also includes a quick-connect connector, which is inserted into the top cover and includes a male and a female connector, which are respectively connected to the detection module and the analysis module.

7. The battery structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The battery structure also includes a sealing seat, which is fixed to the top cover and disposed between the quick-connect connector and the detection module to prevent electrolyte leakage. The male end of the quick-connect connector passes through the sealing seat and connects to the detection module.

8. The battery structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The analysis module includes a signal conversion unit, a data processing unit, and an early warning output unit; The signal conversion unit is connected to the detection module and converts analog signals into digital signals; The data processing unit is connected to the signal conversion unit, and performs calculations on the digital signal to obtain a thermal runaway risk assessment result. The warning output unit is connected to the data processing unit and includes an audible alarm and a photoelectric alarm, used to output a corresponding alarm signal based on the judgment result.

9. The battery structure according to claim 8, characterized in that, The data processing unit compares the concentration and temperature of the characteristic components with preset reference values ​​within the same time base and calculates the deviation. It then determines the warning level based on the deviation, wherein the magnitude of the deviation is positively correlated with the level of the warning.

10. The battery structure according to claim 9, characterized in that, As the warning level increases, the alarm volume of the sound alarm increases, and the photoelectric alarm changes from flashing indicator light to constant warning light.

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