Large-angle low-pass high-resistance antenna housing

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a large-angle low-pass high-resistance antenna housing, which comprises a first base material layer, a second base material layer, a core material layer, a first prepreg layer and a second prepreg layer, the structure of the antenna housing is sequentially provided with a first base material layer, a first prepreg layer, a core material layer, a second prepreg layer and a second base material layer from outside to inside in a lamination sequence. A first microstructure and a second microstructure are arranged on the front face and the back face of the first base material layer respectively, and a third microstructure is arranged on the second base material layer. Wherein the first microstructure and the third microstructure are both band-stop microstructures, and the second microstructure is a band-pass microstructure. According to the antenna housing, in-band broadband wave transmission under the large incident angle is achieved, meanwhile, out-of-band rapid cut-off is achieved so as to reduce the overall radar cross section (RCS), and therefore the requirements of a high-performance communication detection system and stealth are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of metamaterials, and more specifically, to a large-angle, low-pass, high-impedance radome. Background Technology

[0002] Radomes are one of the most commonly used and important components in radar communication systems. With the trend towards wider bandwidth in communication systems, research on broadband radomes is increasingly being strengthened. While designing the broadband characteristics of a frequency selective surface (FSS), it is necessary to ensure the stability of its operating performance across the entire frequency band under different incident angles to improve the overall performance of the antenna system. For traditional FSS radomes, their frequency response is often highly sensitive to the incident angle of electromagnetic waves; as the incident angle increases, the transmission characteristics deteriorate sharply, achieving only a narrow operating bandwidth at large incident angles.

[0003] Existing radome design methods mainly include geometry optimization, material selection, and structural layering. Geometry optimization alone is insufficient to overcome the losses and phase shifts caused by large incident angles. Material selection and layered design can increase bandwidth to some extent, but at large incident angles, the impedance differences and phase delays between different layers lead to a sharp deterioration in transmission characteristics, making it impossible to achieve broadband transmission at large incident angles. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems in related technologies, this invention proposes a large-angle low-pass high-impedance radome, which solves the technical problems of having broadband in-band transmission at large incident angles and fast out-of-band cutoff to reduce the overall radar cross section (RCS).

[0005] This invention provides a large-angle low-pass, high-impedance radome, comprising: a first substrate layer, a second substrate layer, a core material layer, a first prepreg layer, and a second prepreg layer; the stacking order of the radome's structures from the outside to the inside is: the first substrate layer, the first prepreg layer, the core material layer, the second prepreg layer, and the second substrate layer; a first microstructure and a second microstructure are respectively disposed on the front and back sides of the first substrate layer, and a third microstructure is disposed on the second substrate layer; wherein, the first microstructure and the third microstructure are both band-stop type microstructures, and the second microstructure is a band-pass type microstructure.

[0006] Preferably, the radome further includes a third prepreg layer and a fourth prepreg layer, and the stacking order of the various structures of the radome from the outside to the inside is as follows: third prepreg layer, first substrate layer, first prepreg layer, core material layer, second prepreg layer, second substrate layer, and fourth prepreg layer.

[0007] Preferably, the materials of the first prepreg layer, the second prepreg layer, the third prepreg layer and the fourth prepreg layer all include quartz fiber prepreg or glass fiber prepreg.

[0008] Preferably, the core material layer is made of PMI foam, and the first substrate layer and the second substrate layer are both made of PI film.

[0009] Preferably, the first microstructure, the second microstructure, and the third microstructure have identical shapes, and the first microstructure, the second microstructure, and the third microstructure have different sizes.

[0010] Preferably, the first microstructure, the second microstructure, and the third microstructure are all hexagonal rings.

[0011] Preferably, the first microstructure, the second microstructure, and the third microstructure are all in the shape of a regular quadrilateral ring.

[0012] Preferably, the first prepreg layer, the second prepreg layer, the third prepreg layer, and the fourth prepreg layer all have the same thickness, the first substrate layer and the second substrate layer have the same thickness, and the thickness of the first prepreg layer, the second prepreg layer, the third prepreg layer, the fourth prepreg layer, the first substrate layer, and the second substrate layer is less than the thickness of the core layer.

[0013] Preferably, any two adjacent layers among the third prepreg layer, the first substrate layer, the first prepreg layer, the core layer, the second prepreg layer, the second substrate layer, and the fourth prepreg layer are bonded together using an adhesive film.

[0014] Preferably, the dielectric constant of the first prepreg layer, the second prepreg layer, the third prepreg layer, and the fourth prepreg layer is 3.3, and the loss tangent is 0.005; the dielectric constant of the adhesive film is 3.2, and the loss tangent is 0.007; the dielectric constant of the core material layer is 1.12, and the loss tangent is 0.068; and the dielectric constant of the first substrate layer and the second substrate layer is 3.2, and the loss tangent is 0.002.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The large-angle low-pass high-impedance radome described in this embodiment of the invention adopts a three-layer microstructure design. The upper and lower band-stop microstructures (i.e., the first microstructure and the third microstructure) achieve rapid cutoff outside the operating frequency band to reduce the radar cross section (RCS) of the radome; the middle band-pass microstructure (i.e., the second microstructure) achieves broadband wave transmission within the operating frequency band, thereby meeting the requirements of high-performance communication detection systems and stealth. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a large-angle low-pass high-impedance radome according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the first, second, and third microstructures.

[0019] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the transmittance curve of the radome in TM mode.

[0020] Figure 4 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the transmittance curve of the radome in TE mode. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, the metamaterial radome 100 of this embodiment includes a first substrate layer 12, a second substrate layer 16, a core material layer 14, a first prepreg layer 13, and a second prepreg layer 15. The stacking order of the structures of the radome 100 from the outside to the inside is as follows: first substrate layer 12, first prepreg layer 13, core material layer 14, second prepreg layer 15, and second substrate layer 16. A first microstructure 120 and a second microstructure 122 are respectively disposed on the front and back sides of the first substrate layer 12, and a third microstructure 160 is disposed on the second substrate layer 16; wherein, the first microstructure 120 and the third microstructure 160 are both band-stop microstructures, and the second microstructure 122 is a band-pass microstructure.

[0023] Furthermore, the radome 100 also includes a third prepreg layer 18 and a fourth prepreg layer 19. The stacking order of the structures of the radome 100 from the outside to the inside is as follows: third prepreg layer 18, first substrate layer 12, first prepreg layer 13, core material layer 14, second prepreg layer 15, second substrate layer 16, and fourth prepreg layer 19.

[0024] In this embodiment of the invention, the materials of the first prepreg layer 13, the second prepreg layer 15, the third prepreg layer 18 and the fourth prepreg layer 19 are including but not limited to quartz fiber prepreg or glass fiber prepreg.

[0025] In this embodiment of the invention, the core layer 14 is made of PMI foam, and the first substrate layer 12 and the second substrate layer 16 are made of PI film, including but not limited to PI film.

[0026] like Figure 2 As shown, the first microstructure 120, the second microstructure 122, and the third microstructure 160 have the same shape, but the dimensions of the first microstructure 120, the second microstructure 122, and the third microstructure 160 are different.

[0027] Specifically, in the embodiments of the present invention, the first microstructure 120, the second microstructure 122 and the third microstructure 160 are all hexagonal single-ring conductive structures.

[0028] In other optional embodiments, the first microstructure 120, the second microstructure 122, and the third microstructure 160 are all single-ring conductive structures with a regular quadrilateral shape.

[0029] The first prepreg layer 13, the second prepreg layer 15, the third prepreg layer 18, and the fourth prepreg layer 19 all have the same thickness. The first substrate layer 12 and the second substrate layer 16 have the same thickness. The thicknesses of the first prepreg layer 13, the second prepreg layer 15, the third prepreg layer 18, the fourth prepreg layer 19, the first substrate layer 12, and the second substrate layer 16 are all less than the thickness of the core layer 14.

[0030] Specifically, the thicknesses of the third prepreg layer 18, the first substrate layer 12, the first prepreg layer 13, the core layer 14, the second prepreg layer 15, the second substrate layer 16, and the fourth prepreg layer 19 are 0.27 mm, 0.025 mm, 0.27 mm, 3.8 mm, 0.27 mm, 0.025 mm, and 0.27 mm, respectively.

[0031] The linewidth L1 of the first microstructure 120, which forms a regular hexagonal ring, is 0.17 mm; the linewidth L3 of the second microstructure 122, which forms a regular hexagonal ring, is 0.18 mm; and the linewidth L5 of the third microstructure 160, which forms a regular hexagonal ring, is 0.15 mm.

[0032] The length of the diagonal passing through the center of the first microstructure, which is a regular hexagonal ring, is L2, which is 4.54 mm; the length of the diagonal passing through the center of the second microstructure, which is a regular hexagonal ring, is L4, which is 4.62 mm; and the length of the diagonal passing through the center of the third microstructure, which is a regular hexagonal ring, is L6, which is 5.35 mm.

[0033] Furthermore, any two adjacent layers among the third prepreg layer 18, the first substrate layer 12, the first prepreg layer 13, the core layer 14, the second prepreg layer 15, the second substrate layer 16, and the fourth prepreg layer 19 are bonded together with an adhesive film.

[0034] Specifically, the dielectric constants of the first prepreg layer 13, the second prepreg layer 15, the third prepreg layer 18, and the fourth prepreg layer 19 are all 3.3, and the loss tangent is 0.005. The dielectric constant of the adhesive film is 3.2, and the loss tangent is 0.007. The dielectric constant of the core layer 14 is 1.12, and the loss tangent is 0.068. The dielectric constants of the first substrate layer 12 and the second substrate layer 16 are both 3.2, and the loss tangent is 0.002.

[0035] Traditional single-layer FSS in existing technologies presents a contradiction in achieving wide-angle stability and wideband characteristics. Increasing the complexity of microstructure units to expand bandwidth often worsens wide-angle stability; while pursuing wide-angle stability usually requires sacrificing bandwidth or increasing the number of structural layers, leading to design complexity, increased cost, and increased insertion loss.

[0036] The innovations of the radome 100 of this invention compared to the prior art are as follows: the resonant principle of the radome 100 is that each microstructure unit is equivalent to an LC resonant circuit; the radome 100 provides an FSS array based on symmetrical conformal coupling units, the main unit of which is a multi-layered nested microstructure; by setting coupling structures of microstructures of different shapes and / or different sizes in different layers, and by forming additional parasitic resonant circuits through edge field coupling, the bandwidth is expanded; and the hexagonal arrangement of the microstructures has better wide-angle stability. In other optional embodiments, the quadrilateral arrangement of the microstructures can also have good wide-angle stability.

[0037] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the transmittance curve of the radome in TM mode. Figure 4 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the transmittance curve of the radome in TE mode. Simulation results are as follows. Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown in Table 1, the transmission statistics results are presented in the table.

[0038] Table 1

[0039] As can be seen from the results shown in Table 1 above, the embodiments of the present invention disclose a broadband transparent metamaterial radome 100 (i.e., a large-angle low-pass high-resistance radome 100) under large incident angles. The radome 100 shown in the present invention adopts a two-layer microstructure design with an A-layer sandwich, and the upper and lower layers are resistive microstructures 10 and 16 (i.e., Figure 1The first microstructure layer 10 and the second microstructure layer 16 shown achieve out-of-band fast cutoff, reducing the RCS of the radome 100. Simulation calculations, as shown in Table 1 above, demonstrate that in both TE and TM modes, the radome 100 achieves an average transmittance greater than 80% within the operating frequency band of 0-2 GHz at incident angles of 0°, 10°, 20°, 30°, 40°, 50°, and 60°; and in both TE and TM modes, the radome 100 achieves fast cutoff outside the operating frequency band of 12-18 GHz. The large-angle low-pass high-impedance radome 100 of this invention does not limit the incident angle of electromagnetic waves, and still exhibits excellent transmittance within the operating frequency band and fast cutoff performance outside the operating frequency band for a relatively large range of incident angles (e.g., 0°~60°).

[0040] It should be noted that there is currently no quantitative definition of high transmittance in scientific research and engineering, and this concept is indeed difficult to define numerically. Of course, generally speaking, and without other limiting conditions, a transmittance higher than -1dB (80%) is generally considered high transmittance.

[0041] For specific examples, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, when the incident angle is 60°, the radome 100 exhibits the following characteristics: 1) Transmission zone: The bandwidth of the transmission zone with a transmittance greater than 80% in TE mode is 2.1 GHz, and the bandwidth of the transmission zone with a transmittance greater than 80% in TM mode is 4.8 GHz; 2) Cutoff zone: Both TE and TM modes achieve an out-of-band cutoff of more than -10 dB in the 12-18 GHz frequency band. This means that the antenna coverage range is effectively expanded while maintaining a low RCS, ensuring efficient communication of the antenna system.

[0042] This invention proposes a large-angle broadband transparent radome design based on microstructure design (i.e., a large-angle low-pass high-impedance radome 100), which is mainly applied in satellite communication, radar systems, aerospace radomes, wireless sensor networks, and electromagnetic compatibility. Its advantage lies in maintaining a wide bandwidth even at large incident angles, effectively expanding the antenna's operating coverage and thus improving the overall performance of the antenna system. Furthermore, in military applications, considering stealth requirements, the radome 100 of this invention is designed with fast out-of-band cutoff while maintaining effective in-band bandpass to meet stealth requirements.

[0043] When designing a wideband transmission antenna radome 100 at large incident angles, traditional transmission materials and methods often lead to poor impedance matching, enhanced multiple reflections and interference effects, and the excitation of higher-order modes as the incident angle increases. These factors work together to cause a sharp decline in transmission performance. Therefore, it is necessary to precisely control the electromagnetic properties of the material and adopt a novel complex structural design to achieve consistent high transmittance at large incident angles over a wide bandwidth. Simulation experiments have proven that the technical solution of the radome 100 of this invention has achieved significant technical effects (i.e., it achieves wide-angle stability and wideband characteristics) compared with the prior art, overcoming the defects of the prior art.

[0044] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A large-angle low-pass, high-impedance radome, characterized in that, include: The antenna radome comprises a first substrate layer, a second substrate layer, a core material layer, a first prepreg layer, and a second prepreg layer; the stacking order of the structures from the outside to the inside is as follows: first substrate layer, first prepreg layer, core material layer, second prepreg layer, and second substrate layer; the first substrate layer has a first microstructure and a second microstructure on its front and back sides, respectively, and the second substrate layer has a third microstructure; wherein, the first microstructure and the third microstructure are both band-stop microstructures, and the second microstructure is a band-pass microstructure.

2. The radome according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a third prepreg layer and a fourth prepreg layer. The stacking order of the structures of the radome from the outside to the inside is as follows: third prepreg layer, first substrate layer, first prepreg layer, core material layer, second prepreg layer, second substrate layer, and fourth prepreg layer.

3. The radome according to claim 2, characterized in that, The materials of the first prepreg layer, the second prepreg layer, the third prepreg layer, and the fourth prepreg layer all include quartz fiber prepreg or glass fiber prepreg.

4. The radome according to claim 2, characterized in that, The core material layer is made of PMI foam, and the first and second substrate layers are both made of PI film.

5. The radome according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first, second, and third microstructures have identical shapes, but their dimensions are different.

6. The radome according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first, second, and third microstructures are all hexagonal rings.

7. The radome according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first, second, and third microstructures are all in the shape of regular quadrilateral rings.

8. The radome according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first, second, third, and fourth prepreg layers have the same thickness, the first and second substrate layers have the same thickness, and the thickness of the first, second, third, and fourth prepreg layers, the first substrate layer, and the second substrate layer is less than the thickness of the core layer.

9. The radome according to claim 2, characterized in that, Any two adjacent layers among the third prepreg layer, the first substrate layer, the first prepreg layer, the core layer, the second prepreg layer, the second substrate layer, and the fourth prepreg layer are bonded together with an adhesive film.

10. The radome according to claim 9, characterized in that, The dielectric constants of the first, second, third, and fourth prepreg layers are all 3.3, and the loss tangent is 0.

005. The dielectric constant of the adhesive film is 3.2, and the loss tangent is 0.

007. The dielectric constant of the core layer is 1.12, and the loss tangent is 0.

068. The dielectric constants of the first and second substrate layers are both 3.2, and the loss tangent is 0.002.

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